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ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM RAW CHICKEN MEAT IN DINAJPUR DISTRICTISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM RAW CHICKEN MEAT IN DINAJPUR DISTRICT
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2019-12) SALAD, SAID MOHAMED; Prof. Dr. Md. Mostafizer Rahman
The present research work was under taken to isolate and identify the associated bacteria of chicken raw meat and to find out the effective antibiotics against the bacteria through antibiogram studies in Dinajpur district Bangladesh. July to November, 2019. A total of 48 samples were randomly collected from markets and transported to the Microbiology laboratory of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. After processing of samples primary culture was done in nutrient broth and nutrient agar then pure culture was obtained from different selective media. The level of bacterial load were significantly higher the first sampling in comparison with the second and third one respectively. The prevalence of Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. were 47.9%, 39.6% and 12.5% respectively. All pure isolates were subjected to Antibiogram assay test by disc diffusion method against 8 different antibiotics. E. coli isolates were sensitive moxifloxacin. Highest resistant to chloraphenicol, tetracycline and streptomycin. Among all Salmonella spp., isolates, chloraphenicol showed the highest susceptibility pattern followed by the tetracycline, azithromycin, ampicillin and Erythromycin. Highest resistant pattern was showed by penicillin, Cefalexin and amoxicillin. In case of Staphylococcus spp., chloraphenicol showed the highest susceptibility pattern followed by the streptomycin and streptomycin found sensitive in this study. Highest resistant pattern showed by the tetracycline, azithromycin, ampicillin and tetracycline. This study revealed that broiler meat sold at some local markets in Dinajpur city were contaminated with multiple species of multidrug resistant bacteria which may risk for human health.
DETEMINATION OF MICROBIAL QUALITY OF DRINKING WATER OBTAINED FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES FOR HUMAN, POULTRY AND DAIRY FARM IN DINAJPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2019-06) ROY, MITHUN CHANDRA; Prof. Dr. Md. Mostafizer Rahman
Total ninety (90) samples, thirty 30 from human tubewell water, 30 water samples of dairy farm and 30 water samples of poultry farm were collected and tested for TVC and MPN to to determine the microbial quality of drinking water. The mean HPC of human tubewell water were found 2.55×103 , 3.11×103 , 2.85×103 , 2.88×103 and 3.20×103 CFU mL-1 in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively.The highest HPC was found in Chirirbandar 3.20×103 CFU mL-1 and lowest found in Sadar 2.55×103 CFU mL-1. The MPN values were found 2.16 , 2.16 , 2.50 , 1.83 and 2.33 coliforms/100 ml in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively.The highest MPN value was found in Kaharol 2.50 and lowest were found in sadar 2.16 and Chirirbandar 2.16 coliforms/100 ml .The mean HPC of dairy farm tubewell water were found 2.3×103 , 3.6×103 , 2.7×103 , 3.2×103 and 3.4×103 CFU mL-1 in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol ,Birol and Chirirbandar .The highest HPC of dairy farm tubewell water was found in Birgonj 3.6×103 CFU mL-1 and lowest HPC was found in Sadar 2.3×103 CFU mL-1. The MPN values were found 1.66, 2.33, 2.66, 2.00 and 2.66 coliforms/100 ml in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively. The highest MPN values were found in Kaharol 2.66 coliforms/100 ml and Chirirbandar 2.66 coliforms /100 ml and lowest was found in sadar 1.66 coliforms/100 ml of water.The mean of HPC of dairy farm manger water were in 4.66×107 , 2.0×107 , l 2.8×107 , 2.8×107 and 4.2×107 CFU mL-1 in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively.The highest mean HPC of dairy farm manger water was found in Sadar 4.66×107 CFU mL-1 and lowest found in Birgonj 2.0×107 CFU mL-1 .The MPN values were found 14.00, 17.33, 14.00, 16.33 and 15.33 coliforms /100 ml in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively. The MPN of dairy farm manger water was highest in Birgonj 17.33 coliforms /100 ml and lowest were found in Sadar 14.00 coliforms /100 ml and Kaharol 14.00 coliforms/100 ml.The geometric mean of HPC of Poultry farm (Tubewel/Machine) water were Sadar 2.8×103 CFU mL-1 , Birgonj 2.67×103 CFU mL-1 , Kaharol 3.0×103 CFU mL-1 , Birol 2.57×103 CFU mL-1 and Chirirbandar 3.0×103 CFU mL-1 .In this study, it was found that HPC of Poultry farm tubewell water was highest in Kaharol 3.0×103 CFU mL-1 and lowest in Birol 2.57×103 CFU mL-1 .The MPN values of Poultry farm tubewell water were found 2.66, 2.00, 2.33, 1.66 and 2.00 coliforms/100 ml of drinking water in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively. The MPN of Poultry farm tubewell water was highest in Sadar 2.66 coliforms/100 ml and lowest in Birol 1.66 coliforms/100 ml.The mean of HPC of Poultry farm waterer water were found 4.2×107 , 2.00×107 , 3.25×107 , 1.00×107 and 2.00×107 CFU mL-1 in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively. Highest HPC of Poultry farm waterer water was found in Sadar 4.2×107 CFU mL-1 and lowest in Birol 1.00×107 CFU mL-1 . The MPN values of poultry waterer water were 12.33, 9.66, 10.33, 13.33 and 12.33 coliforms/100 ml in Sadar, Birgonj, Kaharol, Birol and Chirirbandar respectively. The highest MPN value was found in Birol 13.33 coliforms/100 ml and lowest were found in Birol 9.66 coliforms/100 ml. From ninety water samples seven bacteria were isolated among them the most frequent isolate was Escherichia coli 82(15.95%) followed by Salmonella spp 81(15.75%), Shigella spp 80(15.56%), Klebsiella spp 79(15.36%), Vibrio spp 73(14.20%), Pseudomonas spp 60(11.67%) and Staphylococcus spp 59(11.47%). The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern showed that the isolates were highly resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, erythromycin and chloramphenicol and susceptible to gentamicin, azithromycin, colistin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Out of seven bacteria two bacteria (Escherichia coli and Vibrio spp) are subjected to amplified by using 16S rRNA gene based PCR
BACTERIAL LOAD IN FECAL SAMPLE AND GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF SHEEP AT GOBINDAGONJ UPAZILLA OF GAIBANDHA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2015-05) SALMUN RIFAT, SYEDA; Dr. Mostafizer Rahman
The present study was conducted to identify the organisms in feces of sheep and their effects on growth performance of sheep at Gobindogonj Upazilla, Gaibandha. The samples were analyzed to determine the total viable count, prevalence of gram negative bacteria, Eschrechia coli and Salmonella spp. The sheep were categorized into three (3) groups namely group A, group B and group C according to their body weight gain at same age. For the determination of bacterial load a total of 45 samples were tested where E.coli present in 20 sample and prevalence was 44.44%, ( group A- 60%, Group B -40% and group- C 33.33%), and Salmonella spp was present in 11 samples and prevalence was 24.44% (group A- 33.33%, Group B- 26.67% and group C-13.33%). From this study the result represented that the total viable counts/g feces in group A, group B and group C were 9.8 x 106, 4.9x 104 and 3.4x 103 CFU/g sample respectively, the E. coli counts/g feces in group A, group B and group C were 4.24 x 106, 2.4x 104 and 5.5x 102 CFU/g of sample respectively and Salmonella spp. counts/g sample on group A, group B and group C were 3.2 x 103, 2.1x 102 and 1x 102 CFU/g feces respectively. The study showed that group A had highest bacterial load (6.99 Log 10/g) and group C had lowest bacterial load (3.53Log10/g).In conclusion it is evident that E. coli and Salmonella spp was successfully detected through different bacteriological agar viii media and biochemical reaction indicating the isolated organisms were responsible for possible faecal pollution and also a negative effect on growth performance of sheep in reared in research area.
Study of Microbial Load and Their Antibiotic Resistance in Different Samples of Ostrich
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) JAHAN, ISRAT; Dr. Nazmi Ara Rumi Lecturer
The study was conducted to monitor the microbial assessment in oropharyngeal swab , cloacal swab and fecal samples of ostrich and also update knowledge on antimicrobial sensitivity of isolated organisms .The study was performed at HSTU ostrich farm from 16th January to 15th June, 2016. A total 75 samples were collected from 8 ostriches at different age of which 25 oropharyngeal, 25 cloacal swabs sample and 25 were feces samples. The organisms were isolated by using standard microbiological method. The result revealed that the average microbial load in plate count agar was highest in feces (1.48 ×109±0.27CFU) than oropharyngeal swab(1.36×109 ±0.38 CFU) and cloacal swab (1.28×109 ±0.34 CFU) .Among seventy five sampls, 29 (38.66%) Escherichia coli, 21 (28%) Salmonella spp, 20 (26.67%) Staphylococcus spp. 5 (6.6%) Bacillus spp. were identified. In twenty five oropharyngeal swab sampls, Staphylococcus spp was found higher 15 (60%) than other organisms but Escherichia coli were found higher both in cloacal 11(44%) and faecal 12(48%) samples. On antibiogram study Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp were more sensitive to Levovidine, Azithromycin, Nalidixic Acid and Amoxicillin respectively while more resistant to Azithromycin, Penicillin ,Chloramphenicol and Erythromycin respectively . The obtained results indicated that ostrich excreta is one of the most important sources of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp, Salmonella spp, Bacillus spp.in ostrich farms. Finally, it may be concludes that the logical use of antibiotics must be adopted in ostrich farms reared in Bangladesh for prevention the appearance of multi drug resistance bacteria. Moreover proper measures should be taken to ward off zoonotic diseases in peoples who are related to ostriche farming
Epidemiological Investigation, Prevalence & Antibiogram Study of Potential Zoonotic Bacterial & Fungal Pathogens of Household Pets at Dinajpur District of Bangladesh
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) AKTER, SAMINA; Dr. Md. Atiqul Haque
A cross sectional experimental study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of zoonotic bacterial and fungal pathogen in pet animals (dog, cat and rabbit). The study was done in selected areas of Dinajpur district during the period of July 2016 to June 2017. A total of 79 pet animals 50 (63.29%) dogs; 10 (12.66%) cats and 19 (24.05%) rabbits were observed and samples collected with different socio demographic variable (age, sex, breed, body weight, housing system, diet history, hygienic condition, vaccination and education level of pet owners). The organisms were isolated by using standard microbiological techniques. A total of 404 samples were examined and 7 types of zoonotic bacterial pathogens and 5 types of zoonotic fungal pathogens were isolated in pet animals. The overall prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in dogs out of 250 samples, was 15.2% E.coli; 10.8% Klebsiella spp; 12% Salmonella spp; 8% Proteus spp; 8.8% Pseudomonas spp; 12% Staphylococcus spp; 10.4% Streptococcus spp; 9.2% Candida spp; 11.2% Aspergillus spp; 11.6% Fusarium spp; 4.8% Microsporum spp; and 3.2% Trychophyton spp, respectively. The overall prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in cats out of 40 samples, was 17.5% E.coli; 10% Klebsiella spp; 12.5% Salmonella spp; 10% Proteus spp; 10% Pseudomonas spp; 15% Staphylococcus spp; 15% Streptococcus spp; 15% Candida spp; 10% Aspergillus spp; 20% Fusarium spp; 10% Microsporum spp; and 15% Trychophyton spp, respectively. The overall prevalence of zoonotic pathogens in rabbits was 12.28% E.coli; 7.89% Klebsiella spp; 9.65% Salmonella spp; 4.38% Proteus spp; 1.75% Pseudomonas spp; 6.14% Staphylococcus spp; 6.14% Streptococcus spp; 7.89% Candida spp; 7.89% Aspergillus spp; 6.14% Fusarium spp; and 6.14% Microsporum spp, respectively. The Prevalence of bacterial and fungal zoonotic pathogen between pet animals and housing system, hygienic condition, vaccination were statistically significant (P≤ 0.01). On the other hand the prevalence of bacterial and fungal zoonotic pathogen between pet animals and age, sex, breed, body weight, diet, educational status of pet owners were not statistically significant (P> 0.05). On antibiogram study 18 antibiotics were used for antimicrobial sensitivity test. Gram negative isolates were more sensitive to Chloramphenicol, Cephalexin, Gentamycin and Kanamycin. On the other hand gram positive isolates were more sensitive to Azithromycin, Levofloxacin, Colistin Gentamycin. The isolates were highly resistant to Amoxycillin Bacitracin Penicillin and Vancomycin.
DETECTION OF SALMONELLA SPP. FROM POULTRY PRODUCTION CHAIN IN DINAJPUR WITH ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY TEST
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) EMRAN, MD. AL; Dr. Farzana Afroz
Bangladesh is an agriculture based country. Poultry rearing is considered superior to the others in agricultural sector. Salmonella spp. is one of the most economically significant organism in poultry sector. The aim of this study was to identify and characterize Salmonella species isolated from poultry production chains of Dinajpur (Kaharol and Sadar Upazila) district of Bangladesh during the period of January to June 2016. For this purpose a total of 153 samples (chick meconium, cloacal swab, poultry carcass, feed, water, transport swab and floor swab) were collected and were subjected to various cultural and biochemical techniques. Furthermore, the isolated Salmonella species were characterized by antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Among the samples, 23.53% (n=36) were found to be associated with Salmonella species. The Salmonella species were identified by observing on SS agar, positive to MR test and negative to VP and Indole test. Among the 36 isolates, 30.56% (n=11) belonged to serogroup B and rest of the isolates 69.44% (n=25) to serogroup D. The isolated Salmonella species were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the aid of disk diffusion method using 8 antimicrobial agents. All isolates of Salmonella species were susceptible to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, streptomycin and gentamicin. Out of 36 isolates 100% Salmonella species were resistant to erythromycin and tetracycline. The findings of this study revealed the presence of multidrug resistant Salmonella species in poultry production chains of Dinajpur (Kaharol and Sadar Upazila) district of Bangladesh that posseses a serious threat to public and poultry health.
BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS WITH ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PRAWNS AT DINAJPUR, BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) DAS, MITA; Dr. Farzana Afroz
Prawns sold in local market could be microbiologically spoiled intrinsically or extrinsically. The research study was attempted to detect Total Bacterial Count (TBC), Total Coliform Counts (TCC), Total Salmonella-Shigella (TSS) Counts and Total Vibrio Counts (TVC). The abundance of bacterial loads was determined from thirty prawn samples. The density of total bacteria was detected in all the prawn samples were significantly higher (p< 0.001). Mean±SEM of TBC, TCC, TSS and TVC of prawn samples was 4.49±0.24, 5.20±0.29, 4.60±0.30 and 5.59±0.21 log10 CFU/g respectively. The total bacterial counts (TBC) ranged between 3.8×102 CFU/g to 2.8×106 CFU/g. The total coliforms counts (TCC) ranged between 4.9×102 CFU/g to 3.52×107 CFU/g. Furthermore, total Salmonella-Shigella (TSS) counts ranged from 1.65×102 CFU/g to 1.3×107 CFU/g. The total Vibrio counts (TVC) of thirty samples were ranged between 4.0×103 CFU/g to 2.5×107 CFU/g. The highest Mean±SEM of TBC, TCC, TSS and TVC were found in Gopalgong bazaar (4.76±0.39 log10 CFU/g), Rail gate bazaar (6.13±0.41 log10 CFU/g), Rail gate bazaar (5.79±0.32 log10 CFU/g) and Rail gate bazaar (5.29±0.40 log10 CFU/g) respectively. But the bacterial load found in prawns did not vary significantly among the three selected local markets of Dinajpur city. A total of thirty prawn samples were examined. All of them were found to be contaminated with different microbes characterized as follows- E. coli (100%), Salmonella spp. (100%), Vibrio spp. (66.7%), Klebsiella spp. (40%) and Shigella spp. (33.3%). Isolated bacteria were identified using the biochemical tests namely Indole test, Methyl red test, Voges - Proskauer test, Citrate utilization test, Triple sugar vi Iron test and MIU test. The results revealed that the bacterial load found to be higher in most of the samples. The study of antibiotic resistance pattern showed a number of pathogenic isolates to be drug-resistant. All of the isolates were found to be 100% resistant against Tetracycline. E. coli and Vibrio spp. also showed 100% resistant against Cefixime and Erythromycin respectively. Key words- Prawn, Total Bacterial Count (TBC), Total Coliform Count (TCC), Total Salmonella-Shigella (TSS) Count, Total Vibrio Counts (TVC), Antibiotic resistance.
BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS WITH ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM FRESH FRUIT JUICES OF DINAJPUR CITY, BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) SARKAR, MOHANANDA; Dr. Farzana Afroz
Freshly prepared fruit juices sold by local market vendors in Dinajpur city were analyzed for the bacteriological quality. Forty (40) fresh fruit juices were collected from different areas around Dinajpur city. Standard plate count techniques were followed to assess Total viable bacterial count (TVC), Total coliform count (TCC), and Total Staphylococcal count (TSC). The total viable bacterial count ranged from 1.8×104 to 5.6×107cfu/ml. Total coliform count and Total Staphylococcal count of juice samples were ranged from 1.36×103 to 5.76×106 cfu/ml and 0 to 5.85×106 cfu/ml respectively. The juice samples were also found to be contaminated with Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp. & Klebsiella spp. Out of 40 freshly prepared fruit juice samples collected, 38 samples (95%) showed the presence of E. coli. The percentage of Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp. & Klebsiella spp. of the tested samples were 75%, 12.5%, and 10% respectively. So the fruit juice samples were unsafe for drinking. Antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolated bacteria revealed that, among the four isolated bacteria E. coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp. were 100% resistant to Ampicillin but Staphylococcus spp. were 87% resistant to Ampicillin. Isolated Klebsiella spp. was found to be 75% resistant to Amoxicillin and Salmonella spp. were 20% resistant to Vancomycin. Such drug resistance properties may render these pathogens cause serious health hazards because of ineffective treatment of the sufferers by the commonly prescribed antibiotics. It was concluded that due to unhygienic fruit handling in the unsanitary environmental conditions vi the juices become contaminated with bacteria which are harmful for public health. Key words: Fruit juice, TVC, TCC, TSC, Antibiotic Resistance pattern.
PREVALENCE OF POTENTIALL ZOONOTIC BACTERIA FROM HOUSEHOLD PET BIRDS AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AT DINAJPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-06) NUPUR, MAHMUDA NAZNIN; Dr. Md. Atiqul Haque
A cross sectional study was conducted to ascertain the prevalence of zoonotic bacterial pathogen in pet birds (pigeon, parrot, budgerigar or love birds & quail). The study was done in selected areas of sadar upazilla at Dinajpur district during the period of July 2016 to June 2017). A total of 81 pet birds including 40 pigeons, 20 parrots, 12 budgerigar or love birds and 9 quails were selected and samples were collected in relation to different socio demographic variables (age, sex, breed, body weight, diet history, hygienic condition & vaccination). A total of 243 samples consist of Cloacal swab (81), Oral swab (81) and Feces (81) were examined and 5 types of potential zoonotic bacteria were isolated from pet birds. The organisms were isolated by using standard microbiological method. The results were determined by the average microbial load in plate count agar. In case of pigeon, highest total viable count (TVC) was found in male (young) 10.40±0.10 cfu/g and the lowest TVC was found in female (young) 9.71 ±0.41 cfu/g. In case of parrot, the highest TVC was found in male (young) 10.54±0.26 cfu/g and the lowest TVC was found in female (adult) 9.09±0.29 cfu/g. In case of budgerigar or love birds the highest TVC was found in male (young) 10.53±0.26 cfu/g and the lowest TVC was found in female (adult) 9.09±0.29 cfu/g. In case of quail, highest TVC was found in female (adult) 10.63±0.17 cfu/g and the lowest TVC was found in female (young) 9.37±0.57 cfu/g. The overall prevalence of potential zoonotic pathogens in pigeon out of vi 120 samples, E. coli (17.5%), Salmonella spp (10.83%), Shigella spp (15.83%), Klebsiella spp (13.13%) and Staphylococcus spp (15%) were found respectively. Out of 60 samples (Cloacal swab=20, Oral swab=20 and Feces=20) of parrot, the prevalence was E. coli (18.33%), Salmonella spp (15%), Shigella spp (11.67%), Klebsiella (18.33%) spp and Staphylococcus spp (11.67%) respectively. In case of budgerigar out of 36 samples (12 Cloacal swab, 12 Oral swab and 12 Feces) the prevalence were found E. coli (19.44%), Salmonella spp (19.44%), Shigella spp (8.33%), Klebsiella spp (13.88%) and Staphylococcus spp (8.33%) respectively. In case of quail Out of 27 samples (9 Cloacal swab, 9 Oral swab and 9 Feces) the prevalence were found E. coli (77.78%), Salmonella spp (66.67%), Shigella spp (66.67%), Klebsiella spp (77.78%) and Staphylococcus spp (66.67%) respectively. The prevalecne of isolated bacteria was statistically significant (P<0.05) in relation to diet and hygienic condtion in pigeon. Again the prevalence of isolated bacteria was statistically significant (P<0.05) in relation to age, bodyweight, hygienic condition and vaccination in budgerigar and in relation to hygienic condition in quail respectively. On the other hand the prevalence of isolated bacteria in pigeon was not statistically significant (P>0.05) in relation to age, sex, bodyweight, breed and vaccination. In case of Parrot the prevalence of isolated bactria was not statistically significant (P>0.05) in relation to all socio-demographic variables studied. In case of love bird the prevalence of isolated bacteria was statistically significant (P<0.05) in relation to age, sex, breed and body weight. On antibiotic sensitivity test 18 antibiotics were used against five isolated bacteria. Gram negative bacteria i.e E. coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Klebsiella spp were sensitive to Erythromycin, Cephalexin, Gentamycin, Chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, Cefixime, Cefradine, Ciprofloxacine and Levofloxacine whereas gram positive bacteria i.e Staphylococcus spp was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin, Kanamycin, Vancomycin and chloramphenicol. Isolated bacteria were resistant to Penicillin G, vii Azithromycin, Amoxycillin, Cloxacillin, Bacitracin, Tetracycline, Collistin and Neomycin. Since, pet birds play a vital role in the transmission and maintenance of zoonotic pathogens leads to interactions of public health concern. Pet birds infections with zoonotic potential should not be overlooked, considering the major health impact on the population including children. Key words: Potentially zoonotic pathogen, pet bird, prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, colony forming unit
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA FROM ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLE OF LIVE BIRD MARKET AND THEIR ANTIBIOGRAM STUDY ABDIRAHMAN AHMED MOHAMED
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2017-12) MOHAMED, ABDIRAHMAN AHMED; Prof. Dr. Md. Khaled Hossain
The research work was conducted in order to isolate, identify, characterize and to detect antibiotic resistance pattern of Salmonella spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and Shigella spp. found in the environmental samples. A total of 30 environmental samples were collected from live bird market of Dinajpur district and brought to the Microbiology laboratory of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University for bacteriological examination. The isolates were detected by standard bacteriological tests including cultural tests, staining and biochemical tests. The study revealed that the total prevalence of E. coli, Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp. and Shigella spp. in environmental samples were 26.7%, 33.3%, 16.7% and 23.3% respectively. The results also suggest that total samples pose significant alarming for the public health issue if not maintain proper hygienic steps in place. The study of antibiotic resistance pattern showed a number of pathogenic isolates to be drug resistant and drug sensitive. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that Salmonella spp., E. coli and Shigella spp. were sensitive to Chloramphenicol (100%) while Klebsiella spp. was resistant to Chloramphenicol (100%). E. coli, Klebsiella spp. and Shigella spp. were resistant to Erythromycin (100%) while Salmonella spp. was found intermediate to Erythromycin (60%). So it can be suggested that the antibiotic resistance properties of isolated bacteria can cause serious health hazards because of ineffective treatment of the sufferers by the commonly prescribed antibiotics

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