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EFFECTS OF FREQUENCY OF IRRIGATION ON ONION (/Aiium capa L.) BULB PRODUCTION
(Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh., 1992-06) DAS, DIPTISH KUMAR; Dr. Dipak Kumar Aditya
A field experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University Horticulture Farm, Mymensingh during Hovember 1989 to April 1890 to determine the optimum moisture level and optimum frequency of irrigation for bulb production of onion cv. Faridpur Bhati. There were five irrigation treatments viz. no irrigation, irrigation at 15, 30, 45 and 60% depletion of available soil moisture. The treatments were replicated three times in randomized block design. Irrigation significantly influenced the plant growth and yield of onion. Maximum number of leaves per plant (11.58) was j produced in 15% depletion regime. Irrigation at 30% depletion produced maximum plant height (43.03 cm) which was closely followed at 15% depletion (41.83 cm). Occurence of split bulb and bolting plant were higher under irrigated condition. The size of the bulb increased with irrigation. Highest yield of bulb (12.96 t/ha) was obtained in 15% depletion regime with a total water use of 195.2 mm.
EFFECTS OF FREQUENCY AND DEPTH OF IRRIGATION ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF ONION by MD. MUAZZEM HOSSAIN
(Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh, 1993-09) HOSSAIN, MD. MUAZZEM; Dr. Dipak Kumar Aditya
The experiment was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University to study the effects of frequency and depth of irrigation on growth and yield of onion cv. Taherpuri during October, 1990 to April, 1991. There were three different frequencies of irrigation viz. at 15%, 30% and 45% depletion of available soil moisture and three different depths of irrigation viz. 5 mm less than, equal to and 5 mm more than the soil moisture depletion in the root zone. The frequency and depth of irrigation significantly affected the growth and yield of onion. Plant height, average length of leaves and bulb diameter increased significantly with irrigation at 15% depletion of soil moisture regime. Yield of onion bulbs was maximum (12.4 t/ha) by irrigation at 15% depletion of soil moisture regime along with a irrigation depth of 5 mm more’ than the amount of depletion of soil moisture in the root zone. The total water used at that treatment was 264.1 mm. Decreasing the depth of irrigation under same regime significantly decreased the yield. Although bulb yield increased by irrigation, but irrigation induced a higher percentage of splitted bulb. However, higher proportion of large size ‘A’ (>44 mm in diameter) grade bulbs were obtained by irrigation. Maximum A grade bulbs (33.7%) were produced by irrigation at 15% depletion along with a irrigation depth of 5 mm more than the soil moisture depletion.
FLORAL BIOLOGY OF SNAKE GOURD (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.)
(BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY GAZIPUR, 1999) Hasanuzzaman, Md.; Dr. M. A. Khaleque Mian
Floral biology and yield performance of different snake gourd (Tricosanthes cucumerina L.) genotypes were investigated to develop high quality and yielding variety (ies). There were differences between the snake gourd genotypes in respect of floral biology and yield potentiality. Size of the female flowers were larger than the male flowers. At 13" to 18" node in acropetal order, male flowers appeared within 32 to 35 days and at 23" to 35" node, whereas female flowers appeared within 35 to 45 days. Thirty six to thirty eight days needed to open the male flower and 39 to 49 days required for the female flower after transplanting. Starting of the anthesis occurred within 7 to 8 pm in male flowers and required 19 to 33 minutes for full blooming. The anthesis of the female flower started from 7 pm to 8 pm and completed their full blooming within a range of 80 to 124 minutes.
HEAT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT UNDER LATE SEEDED CONDITIONS
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 1999) SIKDER, SRIPATI; Dr. Jalal Uddin Ahmed
HEAT TOLERANCE IN WHEAT UNDER LATE SEEDED CONDITIONS BY Sripati Sikder In a field experiment ten recommended wheat varieties were exposed to two sowing conditions- eg. optimum sowing (November 30) and late sowing (December 30) during November 1997 to April 1998 at the research farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh, By late sowing the varieties were given high temperature treatment during reproduction growth phase in comparison to optimum sowing. The experiment was conducted to determine the relative heat tolerance of wheat varieties and to evaluate the relative performance of heat tolerant and heat sensitive varieties under late seeded conditions. Based on membrane thermostability (MT) test four varieties (eg. Ananda, Pavon, Aghrani and Barkat) took maximum heat killing time and were classified as relatively heat tolerant, three varieties (eg. Akbar, Kanchan and Protiva) as moderately tolerant and the rest three varieties (eg. Balaka, Sawgat and Sonora) took the shortest heat killing time and considered as heat sensitive. In November 30 sowing both tolerant and sensitive varieties had similar grain filling duration (40 days). But in December 30 sowing the tolerant variety had longer grain filling duration (32 days) compared to sensitive variety (28 days). In both sowing time heat tolerant variety had higher grain growth rate compared to sensitive variety. In December 30 sowing both the tolerant and moderately tolerant varieties showed lower pre-anthesis stem reserves contribution to the final grain weight compared to November 30. But the heat sensitive varieties had higher pre-anthesis stem reserves contribution at December 30 (late sowing) conditions. The grain number per ear, 1000 grain weight and main shoot grain weight of the tolerant and moderately tolerant varieties showed higher relative performance compared to sensitive varieties. But the relative ear number per plant and relative grain yield were found to range from low to high in heat tolerant and moderately tolerant varieties. In heat sensitive varieties the relative ear number per plant and relative grain yield were moderate to high. Thus the results suggest that in addition to membrane thermostability test, the long grain filling duration with high filling rate, less dependence on pre-anthesis stem reserves, high relative grain number per ear, 1000 grain weight and main shoot grain weight can be used to determine the heat tolerance of wheat varieties under late seeded warmer conditions.
MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGY OF BLACKGRAM AND MUNGBEAN AS INFLUENCED BY SALINITY
(BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY SALNA, GAZIPUR, 2001) ISLAM, MD. SOHIDUL; Dr. Abdul Karim
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT REDUCED LIGHT LEVELS ON THE MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF FOUR SELECTED VINE CROPS
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2001) HAQUE, MD. MOINUL; Dr. Jalal Uddin Ahmed
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT REDUCED LIGHT LEVELS ON THE MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND YIELD OF FOUR SELECTED VINE CROPS BY MD. MOINUL HAQUE A study was carried out through four separate experiments at the farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur. Four vegetables (i.e. cucumber, ash gourd, sponge gourd and yard long bean) were included in separate experiments. The objective of this study was to investigate the morpho-physiological changes and yield performance of these summer vegetables under four different levels of light (100, 75, 50 and 25% PAR). In studied vegetables some of the morphological characters like main stem length, internode length, and individual leaf area increased, whereas main stem diameter and numbers of leaves per plant decreased due to the reduced light levels. At 50% PAR number of leaves per plant did not decrease significantly in cucumber and yard long bean but in ash gourd and sponge gourd leaves per plant decreased markedly. Physiological characters like leaf chlorophyll and leaf nitrogen content increased but specific leaf weight (SLW), leaf B-carotene, stem and fruit nitrogen were decreased markedly with the reduction in the amount of light. Chlorophyll a/b ratio was lower in cucumber at 50% PAR level and yard long bean but the ratio remained almost unchanged in ash gourd and sponge gourd at all light levels. Leaf weight ratio (LWR) remained more or less similar up to 50% reduction of PAR in cucumber and yard long bean, whereas it reduced in ash gourd and sponge gourd. Compared to 100% PAR the total dry matter (TDM) did not reduce in yard long bean, ash gourd and sponge gourd by reduction of light up to 75% PAR. But in cucumber the TDM did not reduce up to 50% PAR. The relative dry matter yield of cucumber, yard long bean, ash gourd and sponge gourd at 50% PAR were 0.90, 0.81, 0.75 and 0.76, respectively. Crop duration increased by different reduced PAR levels due to delayed flowering and longer fruit development period. Eventually at 100% PAR level the fruit yield was 11.28 t/ha in cucumber, 11.03 t/ha in yard long bean,21.03 t/ha in ash gourd and 24.90 t/ha in sponge gourd. Cucumber and yard long bean showed significant fruit yield reduction only at 25% PAR, level whereas significant fruit yield reduction were observed at 50% PAR in ash gourd and at 75% PAR in sponge gourd. The relative fruit yield at 75% and 50% PAR were 1.43 and 1.04 in cucumber, 1.08 and 0.84 in yard long bean, 0.83 and 0.57 in ash gourd and 0.75 and 0.18 in sponge gourd. However, considering relative TDM and relative fruit yield cucumber and yard long bean were found suitable for reduced light condition (50% PAR). But ash gourd and sponge gourd were more sensitive to any reduction of light compare to cucumber and yard long bean.
MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGY OF BLACKGRAM AND MUNGBEAN AS INFLUENCED BY SALINITY
(BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY SALNA, GAZIPUR, 2001) ISLAM, MD. SOHIDUL; Dr. Abdul Karim
EFFECT OF SPACING AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVEL ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME VARIETIES OF AROMATIC RICE
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2001-11) SIKDAR, MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM; Professor Dr. Masood Ahmed
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of spacing and nitrogen level on yield and quality of some varieties of aromatic rice at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2000. (The experiment included three varieties namely, Kalizira, Badshabhog and Tulshimala, four different spacing namely, 8 cmx25 cm, 12 cm x 25 cm, 16 cm x 25 cm and 20 cm x 25 cm and three nitrogen level viz., 40, 60 and 80 kg ha’.\The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replications. Except only few parameters, (the yield, yield contributing characters, qualitative characters and soil properties were significantly influenced by spacing and nitrogen level in all varieties of aromatic rice. Yield increased with increasing spacing and nitrogen level up to certain limit of all varieties along with the improvement of yield contributing characters) Badshabhog was found significantly superior to Kalizira and Tulshimala with respect to number of grains panicle’, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and harvest index. Among four spacings, the highest grain yield (2.84 t ha’') was obtained from spacing (16 cm x 25 cm). Among three nitrogen levels, significantly highest grain yield (2.85 t ha”) was obtained from 60kg N ha”. The effect of interaction of spacing and nitrogen, variety and spacing and variety, spacing and nitrogen level was not significant. The effect of spacing and nitrogen level on different qualitative characters viz., nitrogen content (%), nitrogen uptake (kg ha”), protein (%), germination (%), vigour index were significant in all varieties of aromatic rice/ (All the qualitative characters (except aroma and cooking time) were found to increase significantly with the increasing from 8 cm x 25 cm spacing to 16 cm x 25 cm and 40 to 80 kg N ha", respectively. Most of the interaction effect was not significant. Post harvest soil analysis that the organic matter depleted and mining occurred in the case of exchangeable K and available P. The level of total N did not decrease due to nitrogen application.
EFFECT OF SPACING AND NITROGEN FERTILIZER LEVEL ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF SOME VARIETIES OF AROMATIC RICE
(Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2001-11) SIKDAR, MD. SHAFIQUL ISLAM; Professor Dr. Masood Ahmed
An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of spacing and nitrogen level on yield and quality of some varieties of aromatic rice at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2000. (The experiment included three varieties namely, Kalizira, Badshabhog and Tulshimala, four different spacing namely, 8 cmx25 cm, 12 cm x 25 cm, 16 cm x 25 cm and 20 cm x 25 cm and three nitrogen level viz., 40, 60 and 80 kg ha’.\The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replications. Except only few parameters, (the yield, yield contributing characters, qualitative characters and soil properties were significantly influenced by spacing and nitrogen level in all varieties of aromatic rice. Yield increased with increasing spacing and nitrogen level up to certain limit of all varieties along with the improvement of yield contributing characters) Badshabhog was found significantly superior to Kalizira and Tulshimala with respect to number of grains panicle’, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, and harvest index. Among four spacings, the highest grain yield (2.84 t ha’') was obtained from spacing (16 cm x 25 cm). Among three nitrogen levels, significantly highest grain yield (2.85 t ha”) was obtained from 60kg N ha”. The effect of interaction of spacing and nitrogen, variety and spacing and variety, spacing and nitrogen level was not significant. The effect of spacing and nitrogen level on different qualitative characters viz., nitrogen content (%), nitrogen uptake (kg ha”), protein (%), germination (%), vigour index were significant in all varieties of aromatic rice/ (All the qualitative characters (except aroma and cooking time) were found to increase significantly with the increasing from 8 cm x 25 cm spacing to 16 cm x 25 cm and 40 to 80 kg N ha", respectively. Most of the interaction effect was not significant. Post harvest soil analysis that the organic matter depleted and mining occurred in the case of exchangeable K and available P. The level of total N did not decrease due to nitrogen application.
PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES IN WHEAT UNDER LATE PLANTING HEAT STRESS
(Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, 2002) HASAN , MD. ABU; Prof. Dr. Jalal Uddin Ahmed
In laboratrory experiment six wheat genotypes (Aghrani, Kanchan, CB-30, Sonora, CB-24 and CB-34) were germinated to study seed metabolic activity and reserve translocation at 15, 25 and 35°C. Among the genotypes four genotypes e.g., Aghrani, Kanchan, CB-30 and Sonora were tested under normal and post anthesis heat stress condition by seeding at November 30 and December 30 to evaluate the physiological changes in relation to heat stress. Speed of germination was influenced by temperature. Seed reserve translocation and seedling growth of Sonora, CB-24 and CB-34 were found to be more affected by the change of temperature than Aghrani, Kanchan and CB-30. Although Sonora, CB-24 and CB-34 showed higher seed metabolic efficiency than rest of the genotypes at 25°C, the efficiency of these genotypes reduced more both at 15°C and 35°C as compared to Aghrani, Kanchan and CB-30. Time to exceed 50% membrane leakage was about four times longer in Aghrani, Kanchan and CB-30 (120-150 min.) and the genotypes were grouped as heat tolerant (HT) than in Sonora (30 min) which considered as heat sensitive (HS). Due to post anthesis heat stress condition the HS genotype Sonora in comparison to heat tolerant (HT) genotype exhibited larger decrease in kernel proline (47.2%) along with larger increase in flag leaf proline (122%). Irrespective of growing conditions, both dry matter and starch accumulation in kernel showed a typical sigmoidal pattern in all genotypes. Due to post anthesis heat stress, the quantity of dry matter accumulation at peak and duration required to attain peak was higher in HT genotypes than the sensitive one. Sonora, a HS genotype, responded to post anthesis heat stress by acccumulating larger quantity of soluble sugar during active kernel development period in contrast to HT genotypes indicating poor capacity of kernel of Sonora to utilize sugar for starch synthesis. The heat tolerant genotypes exhibited distinctly higher relative individual kernel dry weight, higher kernel number per spike, higher relative grain yield and low susceptibility index for grain yield under post anthesis heat stress condition compared to heat sensitive genotype. Finally, grain yield was found to be reduced by about 2.6 to 5.8% in HT genotypes and 7.2% in HS genotype for each 1°C rise in average mean air temperature from normal growing condition during anthesis to maturity.
GENETICS OF YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO SELECTION IN SPRING WHEAT
(BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2002-11) AZAD, MOHAMMAD ABUL KALAM; Prof. Dr. A. K. M. Shamsuddin
Present study was performed on conmbining ability, heterosis and gene actions for yield and yield contributing characters from a diallel cross population, and other was selection response of different yield contributing characters in two crosses of spring wheat. The analysis of variance studied in the diallel cross populations, showed that, there were significant variations among the genotypes for the characters plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grains per spike, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant. Both general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances were significant for all characters except grains per spike. This character had only significant GCA variance. This suggests that both additive and non additive gene actions were involved in the inheritance of them. The parent Rawal was best general combiner for grain yield and some yield contributing characters. The crosses Gourav x Anja , Kanchan x Rawal, Rawal x Moyoor, Moyoor x Kheri and Chyria x Kheri showed positive and significant SCA effects for grain yield and some yield contributing characters. The crosses Gourav x Anja, Rawal x Moyoor and Chyria x Kheri exhibited significant and positive mid parent heterosis for grain yield per plant. Maximum heterosis of grain yield per plant was 155. 94% in the crosses Gourav x Anja. A positive relationship was observed between heterosis of the crosses with their corresponding SCA effects for yield and yield contributing characters. Study of Wr-Vr graph showed that partial dominance was observed for plant height, tillers per plant, spike length and 100-grain weight. Over dominance was noticed for spikelets per spike and grains per spike. Tillers per plant, grains per spike and grain yield per plant expressed presence of epistasis. Analysis of relationship between yield and yield contributing characters revealed that spike length, spikelets per spike and 100-grain weight were the most important yield contributing characters. They directly contributed to grain yield and had high correlation at genotypic level. High heritability estimates in both broad and narrow sense were obtained for plant height, spike length, spikelets per spike and 100-grain weight. Medium heritability in broad sense but poor heritability in narrow sense were observed for tillers per plant and grains per spike. Grain yield per plant was highly heritable in broad sense and poorly heritable in narrow sense. Study of response to selection showed that the characters tillers per plant, 100-grain weight and grain yield per plant in the cross Nk-5 x Opata and tillers per plant, spikelets per spike, grains per spike and grain yield per plant in the cross Rawal x SA-92 gave good response to selection. These characters had also positive realized heritability. The other characters in both crosses had negative response to selection and that might be due to the cause of genotype-environment interaction.
DETERMINATION OF CROP COEFFICIENT (Kc) FOR TRANSPLANTED AMAN RICE
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2005-05) Hyder, Md. Mostafa Kamal; Mohammad Ataur Rahman
The study was conducted in the Experimental Farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur with a view to determine Crop Coefficient (Kc) value from irrigated T. Aman rice during the T. Aman season of 2004. The results showed that on an average, the seasonal evapotranspiration (ET) rate was 4.28 mmi/day. The total ET demand in T. Aman season was calculated to be 437 mm and the peak demand was 4.41 mm during the month of August. The effective rainfall during the growing period was 526 mm which is more than the total ET demand of 437 mm. The seasonal crop evapotranspiration (ETc) using the lysimetric method, reference evapotranspiration (ETO) by computer program ‘CROPWAT* and Kc values were determined. The determinated values of crop coefficients for T. Aman rice at the four stages (initial, crop development, reproductive and maturity) were 1.06, 1.03, 1.07 and 1.07. The mean Ke value for T. Aman rice for growing season was found to be 1.06 and also found the highest crop coefficient value (1.07) at reproductive and maturity stage and lowest value (1.03) at the development stage.
STUDY ON WATER BALANCE OF IRRIGATED T. AMAN RICE
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2005-05) KURISHI, A.S.M. ALANUZZAMAN; Md. Ataur Rahman
The study was conducted at the experimental farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, with a view to study on water balance of irrigated T. Aman rice. The water balance study was conducted in the T. Aman season of 2004.The experiment comprised two treatments viz. continuous standing water (1-7cm) and irrigation (5-7cm) after 3 days of disappearing of standing water. The field experiments showed that in T. Aman season 7% of the total supplied water (including rainfall) was required for land preparation, 30% was used for evapoptranspiration (ET), 45% was lost as seepage and percolation and the rest 18% was lost as surface runoff due to heavy rainfall and other unaccounted losses. Therefore, from this study it can be concluded that on an average only 30% of the supplied water in irrigated rice field is used as evapotranspiration and the rest 70% is lost by different processes. The irrigation treatment, irrigation after 3 days of disappearing of standing water is not applicable in T. Aman season due to rainfall. Therefore, water saving techniques like shallow application of water, if adopted properly may lead to efficient utilization of water through minimizing excessive losses of seepage and percolation.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF PHOSPHORUS ON THE GROWTH, NODULATION AND GRAIN YIELD OF INDIGO PLANT
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2006-05) AHMED SIDDIQUI, ABU TARIQ SHALAH UDDIN; Prof. Dr. Musharraf Hossain Mian
A field experiment was carried out with indigo plant from 28" March to 25" November 2005 in the Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain (AEZ-1) of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur at soil science field laboratory to study the effect of different levels of phosphorus on the growth, nodulation and grain yield. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). There were nine treatments with different fertilizer doses. Each of the treatments being replicated three times. Different doses of phosphorus had significant effect on nodulation, growth and yield of indigo. The highest shoot length, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, Total number of nodules plant, number of effective nodules, dry weight of nodule, weight of 1000 seed and grain yield were obtained from the dose of 50 kg P0; ha’' in treatment T;. The highest shoot length 63.60 cm, 140.20 cm and 241.5 cm, shoot dry weight 4.37 g, 14.74 g and 71.33 g, root dry weight 0.56 g, 1.37 g and 7.4 g were found at 45 DAS, 75 DAS and at harvest, respectively. The highest total nodules plant’ 12.8 and 24.6, effective nodules plant” 3.70 and 15.10 was obtained at 45 and 75 DAS, respectively. The dry weight of nodules 41.10 mg and 68.30 mg were found at 45 and 75 DAS. The highest yield contributing characters viz. 1000 seed weight and total grain yield were 5.50 g and 2484 kg ha", respectively for the treatment Ts. The findings of the present experiment indicates clearly that the treatment T; showed the better performance out of other treatments on growth, nodulation and all yield characteristics.
EFFECT OF FERTILIZER AND SOIL AMENDMENT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF TURMERIC AND GINGER IN GHORANEEM BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2006-06) CHOWDHURY, MD. MAMUN AL AHSAN; Prof. Dr. Musharraf Hossain Mian
Two experiments were conducted at the farmer’s ghoraneem woodlot adjacent to the HSTU Research Farm, Dinajpur during April to December 2005. The theme was to investigate the response of turmeric and ginger to fertilizer and soil amendment in the ghoraneem based agroforestry system.
ALLELOPATHY AND CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOME JUTE-WHEAT CROP FIELD WEEDS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2006-06) ALAM, MD. RABIUL; Dr. Balaram Roy
The allelopathic effect of three important weeds viz. Mutha (Cyperus rotundus), Chapra (Eleusine indica) and Khude Anguli (Digitaria ischaemum) on germination, growth and development of Jute (Chorcorus capsularis) seedlings were studied. Three important weeds viz. Bathua (Chenopodium album), Bisli ghas (Striga densiflora), Shetodrone (Leucus aspera), extracts were studied on germination, growth and development of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings in laboratory with the attempt for chemical investigation. The boiled and unboiled extracts were prepared from whole plant of all the six weed species along with water as control. Bioled and unboiled exracts of all the weed species under test significantly reduced and delayed the germination of Jute and Wheat seeds in compared with control. The highest germination (85.3% and 96%) and maximum growth of Jute and Wheat were observed in seeds with control, respectively. But the effect of boiled and unboiled extracts of Bathua (Chenopodium album) and Khude Anguli (Digitraia ischemum) showed the lowest germination in Wheat and Jute seed respectively. The root and shoot length of Jute and Wheat were also decreased in presence of the weed extracts. The maximum root and shoot length were 2.54 cm and 2.31 cm in jute seedlings under control and incase of Wheat seed 9.42 cm and 6.08 cm root and shoot length, respectively But the lowest root length with boiled and unbolied extracts were 0.47 cm and 0.76 cm and the lowest shoot length were 0.98 cm with boiled extracts observed in seedlings of Jute.The lowest root plus shoot length (0 cm)of Wheat were recorded with unboiled extracts of Bathua. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) examination of crude extracts of Khude Anguli showed four separate components at hexane:ethylacetate (20:1, v/v) and the crude extracts of Bathua showed three separate components at hexane:ethylacetate (10:1, v/v). The Ry value of detected component were 0.769, 0.596, 0.327, and 0.192 cm in Khude Anguli and 0.740, 0.203, and 0.074 cm in Bathua respectively. It appears that Khude anguli and Bathua were very harmful for the germination, growth and development of Jute and Wheat crop respectively.
CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION ON SOME WEEDS OF RICE AND MUSTARD CROPS FOR JUSTIFICATION OF ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2006-06) ZAFAR, MD: ABU; MD. ABDUL HAKIM
The allelopathic effects of some weeds on germination and growth of rice and mustard seedlings with their chemical investigation were conducted in the laboratory.This study was performed on naturally occurring growth factors in. aqueous extracts of some common weeds viz. Aryl Leersia hexandra), Jaina (Fimbristylis miliacea), Sushnisak (Marsilea quadrifolia), Masurchana (Vicia hirsuta), Tita begun (Solanum nigrum) and Bankapi (Gnaphalium affine) with the attempt for chemical investigation on effective extracts. The boiled and unboiled extracts' of all the weed species prepared from whole plant were used for treating seeds of rice and mustard along with water as control. Boiled and unboiled extracts of all the weed species significantly reduced and delayed germination of rice and mustard seeds compared with control. The effect of unboiled extract ofJaina showed the lowest germination (82.7 %) in rice seed. But the unboiled extract of Aryl mostly inhibited the root and shoot length of rice seedlings. The effect of unboiled extract of Tita begun showed the lowest germination (50.6 %) in mustard seed and the unboiled extract of Tita begun inhibited the root and shoot length of mustard seedlings. The root and shoot length ofrice and mustard were reduced in presence of all the weed extract. The thin layer chromatography (TLC) examination of crude extract of Aryl (Leersia hexandra showed four separate compounds at hexane: ethyl acetate (10:1, v/v) and the crude extract of Tita begun (Solanum nigrum) also detected four separate compounds at hexane: ethyl acetate (10:1, v/v).
NITROGEN USE EFFICIENCY IN SELECTED RICE (Oryza sativa L.) GENOTYPES GROWN UNDER VARYING WATER REGIMES AND NITROGEN LEVELS
(UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES LOS BANOS, 2006-07) JABBAR, S. M. A.; PEARL B. SANCHEZ
A field experiment was conducted in the 2005 wet season at the experimental farm of the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI), Los Banos, Philippines, to assess differences in grain yield (GY) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of a range of vadstosines and to determine important varietal traits that contribute to increase NUE under irrigated and rainfed lowland conditions. Tested were six upland varieties, five rainfed lowland varieties (including three traditional varieties), six irrigated varieties, and two hybrid varieties. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with two N treatments (0 and 75 kg N ha‘') in the main plots and nineteen varieties in the subplots with four replications. Highly significant differences among the varieties were observed for GY, harvest index (HI), total plant N uptake (TNU), and internal N use efficiency (IEN) under both water regimes. Irrigated conditions produced on average 55% higher GY than rainfed conditions, indicating considerable water stress in the rainfed treatment.
EFFECT OF BISHKATALI PLANT (POLYGONUM HYDROPIPER) EXTRACT AGAINST RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2006-11) KUNDU, BHARATI RANI; Dr. Roushan Ara
An investigation was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during March-August, 2006, to evaluate the toxicity, repellency and residual effect of Bishkatali plant extracts in two solvent (chloroform and ethyl alcohol) against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Five doses (500mg/ml, 250mg/ml, 125mg/ml, 62.5mg/ml and 31.25mg/ml) of plant extract were used in the experiments. The plant extract in both solvent were moderately toxic to T. castaneum. The order of toxicity was- ethyl alcohol extract>chloroform extract after 24 and 72 hours treatment on the insect. Bishkatali plant extract in both solvents showed strong repellent effects against 7. castaneum. Extracts in chloroform showed better repellency than in ethyl alcohol. The highest repellency 87.3% was observed in chloroform extract at the beret dose of 500mg/ml. While with the same dose (500mg/ml) in ethyl alcohol extract, 80.3% repellency was observed. Bishkatali plant extract in chloroform and ethyl alcohol against 7. castaneum had remarkable residual effect in progeny reduction. The lowest numbers of F; adult progeny (32.7, 25.3 and 27.0) emerged from the wheat flour treated with 500mg/10g chloroform extract when parent released at 7, 12, 17 days after treatment respectively. Whereas with 500mg/10g ethyl alcohol extract, 38.0, 29.7 and 30.3 F; adult progeny emerged when parent released at 7, 12, 17 days after treatment respectively. The highest inhibition rate was observed 59.3% and 52.3% in chloroform extract and ethyl alcohol extract, respectively when treated with 500mg/10g dose and the adult released 12 days after treatment. Therefore, Tribolium castaneum can be managed effectively with Bishkatali plant extract.
BIOMORPHOMETRICS AND EFFECT OF NEEM OIL ON THE FOOD CONSUMPTION OF LEMON BUTTERFLY, Papilio demoleus L. (LEPIDOPTERA: PAPILIONIDAE)
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2006-11) KARIM, SAROTHI; Md. Abdul Ahad
Biology and effect of neem oil on the feeding behaviour of lemon butterfly, Papilo demoleus L. were studied in the Laboratory, Department of Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during September to December 2005. In this study it was found that the mating generally took place 2 to 2.35 days after the emergence of an adult and it continued for 1.50 to 3.30 hours. The pre-ovipostion period varied from 1 to 2 days, while the oviposition period was 2 days. The eggs were laid singly. A female laid 22.1 + 1.41 eggs and 97.52% of the eggs were hatched. The larvae passed through five instars in 16.90 to 20.30 days. The first, the second, the third, the fourth and the final instar larvae were 2.32, 8.15, 16.73, 22.09 and 37.45 mm in lengths, respectively while breadths were 0.73, 1.49, 4.26, 6.58 and 8.82 mm, respectively. The weights of the 3", the 4" and the final instar larvae were 0.72, 1.65 and 3.47 g, respectively. The pupal periods ranged from 10 to 11 days. The development periods from egg to adult were 30.5 to 37 days. The females were larger than the males. The average length and breadth of the male butterflies were 24.6 and 4.82 mm (on resting position), whereas the female butterfly was 26.4 and 5.14 mm (on resting position), respectively. The lengths of the antenna of the male and the female butterflies were 16.16 mm and 16.57 mm, respectively. The length and the breadth of the thorax of the male were 10.00 and 6.34 mm, respectively, whereas in the female it was 10.81 and 6.79 mm. The average length and breadth of the forewings of the male butterflies were 39.33 and 23.3 mm and the hind wings were 26.28 and 23.04 mm, whereas the forewings of the female butterflies were 41.74 and 27.25 mm in length and breadth and the hind wings were 27.26 and 23.4 mm in length and breadth, respectively. The longevity of the male adult was only 4.2 days and in the female it was 6.3 days.