ALLELOPATHY AND CHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF SOME JUTE-WHEAT CROP FIELD WEEDS
Date
2006-06
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
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Publisher
HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR.
Abstract
The allelopathic effect of three important weeds viz. Mutha (Cyperus
rotundus), Chapra (Eleusine indica) and Khude Anguli (Digitaria ischaemum)
on germination, growth and development of Jute (Chorcorus capsularis)
seedlings were studied. Three important weeds viz. Bathua (Chenopodium
album), Bisli ghas (Striga densiflora), Shetodrone (Leucus aspera), extracts
were studied on germination, growth and development of Wheat (Triticum
aestivum) seedlings in laboratory with the attempt for chemical investigation.
The boiled and unboiled extracts were prepared from whole plant of all the six
weed species along with water as control. Bioled and unboiled exracts of all
the weed species under test significantly reduced and delayed the germination
of Jute and Wheat seeds in compared with control. The highest germination
(85.3% and 96%) and maximum growth of Jute and Wheat were observed in
seeds with control, respectively. But the effect of boiled and unboiled extracts
of Bathua (Chenopodium album) and Khude Anguli (Digitraia ischemum)
showed the lowest germination in Wheat and Jute seed respectively. The root
and shoot length of Jute and Wheat were also decreased in presence of the
weed extracts. The maximum root and shoot length were 2.54 cm and 2.31 cm
in jute seedlings under control and incase of Wheat seed 9.42 cm and 6.08 cm
root and shoot length, respectively
But the lowest root length with boiled and unbolied extracts were 0.47
cm and 0.76 cm and the lowest shoot length were 0.98 cm with boiled extracts
observed in seedlings of Jute.The lowest root plus shoot length (0 cm)of
Wheat were recorded with unboiled extracts of Bathua. The thin layer
chromatography (TLC) examination of crude extracts of Khude Anguli
showed four separate components at hexane:ethylacetate (20:1, v/v) and the
crude extracts of Bathua showed three separate components at
hexane:ethylacetate (10:1, v/v). The Ry value of detected component were
0.769, 0.596, 0.327, and 0.192 cm in Khude Anguli and 0.740, 0.203, and
0.074 cm in Bathua respectively. It appears that Khude anguli and Bathua were
very harmful for the germination, growth and development of Jute and Wheat
crop respectively.
Description
Bangladesh is an under developing country. More than 80% people
are farmers (Rahaman and Gaffar, 1990). The main income of source of
the people of this country is based on agriculture. The different types of
crops are cultivated in different seasons by the farmers of this country.
During cultivation of crops, i.e., especially during the time of seedling
raise, the farmers are facing so many problems due to growing of
different types of weeds.
It is well known that most of the organic, bioorganic and also
different types of toxic compounds are present in natural sources,
especially in plant kingdom.The compound present in roots of crop
seedlings and also in weed seedlings may go different types of interaction
to produce allelochemical or other toxic compounds/chemicals, which
may interrupt for germination of seeds.
Keywords
Jute and Wheat Crop Field Weeds, Selection and collection of Weed Species from Jute and Wheat Crop Field Weeds, Preparation of Aqueous Weed Extracts, Weed Extracts for the Study of Jute Crop