EFFECT OF BISHKATALI PLANT (POLYGONUM HYDROPIPER) EXTRACT AGAINST RED FLOUR BEETLE, TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM
Date
2006-11
Authors
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HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR
Abstract
An investigation was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of
Entomology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University,
Dinajpur during March-August, 2006, to evaluate the toxicity, repellency and
residual effect of Bishkatali plant extracts in two solvent (chloroform and ethyl
alcohol) against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Five doses (500mg/ml,
250mg/ml, 125mg/ml, 62.5mg/ml and 31.25mg/ml) of plant extract were used
in the experiments. The plant extract in both solvent were moderately toxic to
T. castaneum. The order of toxicity was- ethyl alcohol extract>chloroform
extract after 24 and 72 hours treatment on the insect. Bishkatali plant extract in
both solvents showed strong repellent effects against 7. castaneum. Extracts in
chloroform showed better repellency than in ethyl alcohol. The highest
repellency 87.3% was observed in chloroform extract at the beret dose of
500mg/ml. While with the same dose (500mg/ml) in ethyl alcohol extract,
80.3% repellency was observed. Bishkatali plant extract in chloroform and
ethyl alcohol against 7. castaneum had remarkable residual effect in progeny
reduction. The lowest numbers of F; adult progeny (32.7, 25.3 and 27.0) emerged
from the wheat flour treated with 500mg/10g chloroform extract when parent
released at 7, 12, 17 days after treatment respectively. Whereas with 500mg/10g
ethyl alcohol extract, 38.0, 29.7 and 30.3 F; adult progeny emerged when parent
released at 7, 12, 17 days after treatment respectively. The highest inhibition rate
was observed 59.3% and 52.3% in chloroform extract and ethyl alcohol extract,
respectively when treated with 500mg/10g dose and the adult released 12 days
after treatment. Therefore, Tribolium castaneum can be managed effectively
with Bishkatali plant extract.
Description
Among the stored grain insect pests, Red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum Herbst
(Coleoptera-Tenebrionidae) is common and most destructive pest. This insect is
cosmopolitan in distribution. It is generally found in granaries, mills, ware houses
etc. feeding on wheat flour, atta, suji, rice (both husked and unhusked) etc. Neither
larva nor adult can generally damage sound grains but they feed on those grains
only, which have already been damaged by other pests. This pest has also been
reported to attack the germ part (embryo portion) of the grain. It is more serious to
flour, atta, suji and similar powders products. Their presence in stored foods
directly affects both quantity and quality of the commodity (Burkholder and
Faustini, 1991; Mondal, 1992 and 1994). Incase of heavy infestation, flour turns
grayish yellow and subsequently becomes mouldy and emits smell (Alam, 1971).
Keywords
Collections and processing of plant materials, Preparation of plant dust/powder, Extraction techniques, Preparation of chloroform extract, Preparation of ethy! alcohol extract