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A Case Study and Implementation of Lean Manufacturing in an Apparel Industry.
(Daffodil International University, 23-07-29) Anik, MD. Salauddin
This report is titled A study on process excellence (LEAN) and its implementation in apparel Industries. The ability to put a new product or a new process on the market as quickly as possible is becoming increasingly important. For designing affordable and profitable products based on market realities and consumer expectations, systematic management is required. It is important to take into account open innovation, which is currently the subject of intense discussion and widespread adoption. Only a logical user interface and effective information management can make a number of good ideas work together successfully. An strategy for such a systematic innovation management is called "Design for Lean." This idea was created to realize innovations in a target-oriented manner, and it is closely related to the Lean approach, which is presently used globally to improve existing operations. Lean integrates a number of critical elements, such as the proactive involvement of employees, customer-focused product creation, the lowering of product and process complexity, and the regulation of innovation through a standardized process. The current toolkit exemplifies the tried-and-true strategy used by UMS to implement Design for Lean. Its constituent tools are arranged in a logical and comprehensible manner according to the process paradigm of Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, and Verify. It is simpler to coordinate the development of creative, target-oriented products and processes when the structure, which can be thought of as a red thread, is used. Through this thesis, I have tried to find out about process excellence (LEAN) & its practical implementation in Unifill Group’s Sister Concern Aman Graphics & Design Ltd. Which is a readymade garments( Knit & Woven) specialized in baby’s wear.
A Comparative Study on Conventional and Sustainable Wash processes in Denim Garments for Environmental Impacts
(Daffodil International University, 23-03-12) Rashed, Md.; Islam, Sanzir; Bahadur, Md. Arman
As the faded denim or old look denim is favored by the present youth, washing has become a vital issue for the technologists to change denim attire to satisfy the interest of existing pattern. The primary elements influencing shoppers when choosing articles of clothing are stylish appearance and design. Denim articles of clothing are oppressed in mechanical washing to get explicit appearance and handle. The washing and completing cycles are used with the end goal of design and extraordinary plans are applied for various impacts which are very noteworthy for promoting denim market. Denim also plays a vital role in our economy. The aim of this paper is to find out the effect of changes occurs in physical properties of denim when it is subjected to conventional wash or sustainable wash. To comparing the conventional wash and environment friendly sustainable wash. In the report we try to figure out the changes of Environment Impact for denim after wash and before wash, and compared them to each other. Weight loss percentage also include in the report. We used denim fabric (70% cotton, 28 % polyester 2 % Viscose). We take EMI score for sustainable wash and conventional wash. The EMI score for both tests are measured with the help of lab. This score indicates (0-33 low impact), (34-66 medium impact) above 66 is high impact on environment. Which is not good for environment. We find Sustainable wash chemical, water impact, chemical consumption is less than conventional wash. We try to find out new technology in denim wash, which will be fruitful for this sector and sustainable wash. In this paper with the help of our teacher we tried to know some upcoming technology which is necessary for denim development, like, laser machine, ozone machine effect on denim wash. With the use of these machine denim development will be improved in a sustainable way.
A Comprehensive Analysis Of Socio-Economic And Travel Behavior Factors Influencing University Students Mode Choice In The Daffodil Smart City Area
(Daffodil International University, 2025-11-24) Mannan, Md Abdul; Hoq, Mohammad Jahirul
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the socio-economic and travel behaviorfactors that are usually influence the kind of mode choice to university students in the Daffodil Smart City area of Ashulia sub-urban of Dhaka. As urban expansion through the help of sub-urban surroundings and rising student populations reshape mobility asneeds, understanding the determinants of students travel decisions becomes type of crucial for sustainable transport planning as part of sustainable development. Based on previous theories of mode choice and existing empirical research in Dhaka and Toronto,this study explores the state of variables as travel time, cost, distance, etc. Home income, gender, vehicle ownership and possession of a license is everlasting. Influence selection of students among the alternative modes of transport that are available to commute. Firstly, the main survey data were gathered among the students of the university who live and study there studying in or around the Daffodil Smart City campus as similar to Halls. And modelled with discrete choice techniques, such as Multinomial Logit. They are (MNL), Nested Logit (NL) and Cross-Nested Logit (CNL) frameworks. The results disclose that that travel charge, income and time do not merely considerably affect student choices. But also behavioral change and frequency of trips, and socio-economic factors including additional and significant roles in are played by income, gender and vehicle ownership. Selecting mode preferences of eight available modes what can be chosen as mode. As an output of the study, the sensitivity of students tend to is mentioned. Affordability and accessibility, which implies preference of public and non-motorized. Among the lower-income groups. This discovery will provide a useful contribution. To those accountable policy-makers who make policy about such, transport planners, and university administrations wishing to develop inclusive and student-friendly mobility. Policies that enhance sustainability and equitable access of transport modes in the university and local or local modes are available in the emerging urban universities similar to the Daffodil Smart City area.
A Comprehensive Study on Reinforced Concrete Building at Different Seismic Zones In Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 2025-07-24) Rayhan, Md.; Mondol, Md. Tohidul; Bhowmik, Saurav; Islam, Md. Amirul
This thesis examines the seismic performance and cost implications of a low-rise garment factory (150 x 72 ft, 79 ft tall) across all four seismic zones defined by BNBC-2020, using ETABS-21 for structural analysis. In the absence of shear walls, Zone 4 demonstrates the highest seismic vulnerability, with a maximum storey displacement of 3.5 inches at the rooftop and a peak drift of 0.015hx between the second and third floors. These results underscore the necessity for high-strength steel (compressive strength >40 MPa, tensile strength >60 ksi) and flexible or hybrid structural systems to ensure stability and safety in this high-risk zone. For Zones 1–3, a 1.5–2.5% reinforcement rate is adequate to maintain structural integrity, assuming stable interest rates. The analysis indicates that base shear values from ETABS-21 are 5–15% lower than those derived from BNBC-2020, highlighting the need for additional verification to meet safety standards. In Zone 2, elevated rebar demand promotes the use of larger columns (16" x 16"), which can reduce material costs by up to 15%, enhancing cost efficiency. The study emphasizes the unique seismic challenges faced by Bangladesh’s garment industry, a vital economic pillar, necessitating advanced construction techniques and modern earthquake- resistant technologies. By integrating high-strength materials and optimized structural designs, the research advocates for safer, more cost-effective, and sustainable building practices. These findings are critical for ensuring the durability and resilience of industrial structures in seismically active regions while complying with BNBC-2020 standards. The thesis strongly supports zone-specific design strategies to address varying seismic risks, promoting innovative engineering solutions that balance safety, efficiency, and sustainability. This approach is essential for supporting Bangladesh’s infrastructure development and economic stability, particularly in the garment sector, which faces significant environmental challenges. By adopting these advanced methods, the industry can achieve long-term resilience, ensuring both worker safety and economic viability in the face of seismic hazards, thereby contributing to the nation’s sustainable growth and development.
A Comprehensive Study on Road Accident in Dhaka -Tangail (N4) Highway based on FIR data from Highway Police
(Daffodil International University, 2024-11-11) Sajib, AKM Sabbir Ahmed; Banik, Tanmoy
One of Bangladesh's busiest and most significant highways, the Dhaka-Tangail highway links the nation's capital city with its northern areas. Nevertheless, in spite of its importance, the highway is notorious for having a high number of traffic accidents. Because of the deaths, injuries, and property damage these accidents produce, they are becoming a major source of concern for the public and for the government. Dhaka Tangail highway still a dead trap. 229 deaths in 133 road accidents in a year. According to a study released by RSF (Reporters Without Borders), 186 individuals sustained injuries on the Dhaka-Tangail route in total last year. 78 more persons lost their lives in 47 motorcycle accidents. 48 bystanders or pedestrians and 54 additional auto rickshaw passengers perished in those incidents.
A Comprehensive Valuation Report on a Proposed Mortgage Property
(Daffodil International University, 2025-01-12) Hossen, Md Anower
This report presents an in-depth property valuation of a proposed mortgage, located in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The study includes a detailed examination of the land, building structure, utilities, and other factors influencing the property's overall market value. The property surveyed is a three-storied residential building, with a plinth area of 2490 sq. ft. and a total floor area of 6232 sq. ft. The structure is built on a pile foundation with an RCC frame, ensuring durability and stability. Utilities such as gas, water, and electricity are readily available, enhancing the property's appeal. The market value of the property was calculated at Tk. 4,23,27,500.00, while the forced sale value is estimated at Tk. 3,38,62,000.00. Depreciation was applied using the Straight-Line Method at a rate of 2.5% annually. Furthermore, the value of the property as eligible security was assessed at Tk. 2,11,63,750.00. This valuation report highlights the importance of precise and reliable property assessment, particularly in the context of mortgage security. The findings affirm that the property holds significant market value and serves as a secure asset for both the lender and the borrower due to its advantageous location and the ongoing development of the surrounding area.
A Performance Study of Shear Wall for Different Positions in Building Plan Configuration.
(Daffodil International University, 2021-01-31) Miah, Md. Kaium; Rana, Md. Masud; Hosen, Md. Bayezid
The consequences of lateral loads like earthquake loads, wind loads and blast forces are the highest considerations subject now a days. Provide enough strength and stability in counter to the lateral loads is one of the most difficult challenges faced by designers. To safeguard the structure against lateral loads provides shear wall in the structures as counteract object of lateral forces. The present papers describes the performance of shear wall for different positions in building plan configuration. The design and analysis of the building with RCC shear wall is carried out using software ETABS. Earthquake load and the various parameters like response factor, reduction factor, importance factor and Zone factor are taken from BNBC 2020. The target of this thesis is to determine the appropriate positions of shear wall in the building to get better strength and stability of the structure. To achieve the goal in four places were analyzed. Therefore, one model without shear wall and other three with shear walls in different positions. There are 10 storied building has been considered. Effects of varying positions of shear walls and comparison of the results of displacements, drift and rebar percentages is presented. Shear wall structure is an efficient seismic resistance structural system. Shear wall give stiffness & strength laterally and can easily control horizontal displacement. Shear wall plays an important role when two or more walls are attached. The results are optimal for seriously considering all of the factors.
A study of knit faults and their inspection in weft knit fabric production.
(Daffodil International University, 2024-02-12) Rahman, MD Atikur; zaman, MD Rasheduz
On this examination, many types of single and double jersey machine faults were completed, and this article is focused on wastage and how this type of fault can be reduced. We also focused on several types of issues that the system faces while functioning. We have a problem. The main issue with these machines is waste. We have certain dyeing and finishing flaws that we have discovered and are working on developing. We plate how we can cut down on textural waste. Analyze the distinct typeof existing procedure and the fault-creation technique. It was quite tough to identify those flaws and develop them in the same manner. However, in this experimental work, we know how to accomplish it and how to solve any problems that arise. For this investigation, we collected several samples of typical knit fabric flaws as well as some quality inspection sheets completed using the four-point system approach from two reputable textile industries. We first analyzed the data from the quality inspection sheet, and then we examined how changing the stitch length affects the increase or decrease of mainly occurring flaws on grey knit materials. We collect all fault sample from“FABRICA KNIT COMPOSITE LTD.” “FAKHRUDDIN TEXTILE MILLS LTD,”
A Study of Water Quality Parameters in Turag and Karnatuli Rivers:
(Daffodil International University, 2024-06-26) Somaiya, Rahema Akter; Hossain, Md. Mosaddek
Water quality assessment plays a pivotal role in understanding the health and ecological status of freshwater ecosystems. This study investigates the spatial and temporal variations in water quality parameters in the Turag and Karnatuli rivers, employing a comparative approach. Seven sampling locations along the rivers were selected, considering factors such as industrial activities and ecological significance. Water samples were collected during both wet and dry seasons to capture seasonal variability. A comprehensive suite of water quality parameters, including pH, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), temperature, and turbidity, were analyzed. Statistical analyses, including Water Quality Index (WQI) calculations and correlation matrices, were employed to elucidate patterns and relationships among the parameters.
A Study on different types of knit fabric faults and their inspection.
(Daffodil International University, 2024-05-26) Joy, Estiak Ahammed; Ahmad, Md.Ripon; Mia, Safayet Sajim
On this examination, many types of single and double jersey machine faults were completed, and this article is focused on wastage and how this type of fault can be reduced. We also focused on several types of issues that the system faces while functioning. We have a problem. The main issue with these machines is waste. We have certain dyeing and finishing flaws that we have discovered and are working on developing. We plate how we can cut down on textural waste. Analyze the distinct type of existing procedure and the fault-creation technique. It was quite tough to identify those flaws and develop them in the same manner. However, in this experimental work, we know how to accomplish it and how to solve any problems that arise. For this investigation, we collected several samples of typical knit fabric flaws as well as somequality inspection sheets completed using the four-point system approach from two reputable textile industries. We first analyzed the data from the quality inspection sheet, and then we examined how changing the stitch length affects the increase or decrease of mainly occurring flaws on grey knit materials. We collect all fault sample from “MARMA COMPOSITE LTD INTERNATIONAL CLASSIC COMPOSITE LTD,”
A Study on E-Waste Management Practices In Dhaka, Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 2025-07-24) Ahmed, Md Shahariar; Azgor, Ali
E-waste is now a significant issue affecting people in many different places. This country is highly affected as it isn’t well managed, has unenforced laws and uses a lot of unofficial recycling. Information from ten repair shops and five vandal shops was studied to investigate how e-waste is managed in Bangladesh. The study confirmed that most e-waste is handled in an unofficial way, endangering people and the environmentbecause of the use of lead, mercury and cadmium. A sustainable approach to managing e-waste in Bangladesh can protect the environment and benefit both the economy and people by mixing good practices found in Bangladesh with those from other countries. In comparison, an amount of 710 kg of waste is expected each month, consisting mainly of mobile phones (12%), laptops (13%), televisions (17%), refrigerators (15%), batteries (17%) and various electrical parts (26%). The problems are increased when recycling and disposal procedures are not followed properly. Of these findings, 73% chose to sell their e-waste to third parties that were not regulated and 27% simply threw it away in locations not closely monitored. Very few workers, only 27% and 13%, understand recycling and proper disposal methods, respectively.
A Study on Garments Waste Management System And Its Effect on Human Health in the Konabari (Bscic) Area of Gazipur City
(Daffodil International University, 2025-08-08) Rahman, Md. Shakilur; Mamun, Md. Munna
This study examines the waste management systems within the ready-made garment (RMG) industry in Konabari, Gazipur, and the subsequent health consequences for the local population. Improper waste disposal from this sector creates significant environmental and public health risks. The research aims to analyze current waste management practices, identify their shortcomings, and establish a clear connection between these industrial activities and the health status of the nearby community. A descriptive cross-sectional research design was utilized, incorporating a mixed-methods approach for data collection. Primary data was gathered via structured questionnaires from 50 residents and workers, key informant interviews with factory managers and health officials, and direct field observations. This was supplemented by secondary data from a review of existing academic literature and official reports to build a comprehensive understanding of the situation. The findings reveal that factories generate large amounts of daily waste, including 700 kg of plastics and significant quantities of chemical containers and agents. Consequently, residents report high rates of respiratory issues (35%), skin problems (30%), and other ailments, alongside environmental problems like clogged drains (39%). While nearly all respondents (97%) support installing Effluent Treatment Plants, current waste management is poor, with only 40% reporting systematic treatment. The results clearly indicate that garment industry waste is a growing threat, making improved management and factory accountability urgent priorities.
A Study on The Development of Pre-Production Sample of T-Shirt for Bulk Production
(Daffodil International University, 2025-02-12) Babu, Md. Rahat; Mithu, Md. Mehedi Hasan
This thesis investigates the development of a pre-production sample of T-shirts for bulk production, focusing on optimizing various stages of the garment manufacturing process to enhance efficiency, quality, and cost-effectiveness. The research delves into the complexities involved in T-shirt production, from material selection and pattern making to cutting, sewing, and finishing, with an emphasis on the importance of pre-production samples in securing bulk orders. The study applies optimization techniques such as Lean Manufacturing, Time Study, and Line Balancing to streamline operations, reduce waste, and improve worker productivity. By analyzing production efficiency and implementing quality control measures, the research identifies key areas where improvements can be made, particularly in fabric handling, cutting accuracy, and labor allocation. The results demonstrate that adopting automation and optimizing work processes lead to higher productivity, reduced costs, and improved product quality. Recommendations for future research include exploring sustainable practices and integrating new technologies like AI to further enhance production efficiency. This study provides valuable insights for manufacturers seeking to improve the accuracy and efficiency of pre-production sample development, ensuring successful transitions to bulk production.
A Study On Traffic Volume Estimation To Identify The Level Of Service (Los) At Mirpur-10 Intersection, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
(Daffodil International University, 2025-11-24) ROB, M A
The high increase of vehicle, being in proportion to the developing of current times in relation to growing populations, particularly in emerging country like Bangladesh’s metropolitan city is a major issue. It is essential to assess both traffic volume and the quality of transport provision, referred to as the Level of Service (LOS). This study examines vehicle characteristics and traffic volume to determines the level of service (LOS) at a significant intersection to analyze traffic behavior in a most important intersection area and evaluate the intersection's performance. This study examines the dynamics of mixed traffic flow in Dhaka Mirpur-10, Bangladesh. Video cameras and drone were used to collect the traffic data. It was found that the Level of service could be determined using the volume capacity ratio technique. The volume-to-capacity ratio was used to determine the level of service. Since it is hard to predict the traffic flow in Dhaka Mirpur-10, the management of this diverse traffic can be done by using the Passenger Car Unit in order to calculate the PCU estimate. The line of sight for the roadway’s direction is presented. Concerning the means of transportation, they include buses, trucks, mini trucks, cars, CNG, motorcycles, vans, bicycles and Whatever the Vehicle can run as a source of income, Autorickshaw. Following the PCU and V/C ratio analysis, the determine level of service at the junction is irregular and inappropriate as shown. On the basis of the evaluation of both the V/C ratio and the HCM, the residential neighborhood is found to have a level of quality that is much below average. Based on service factors such as speed, travel time, and delay, the (HCM) method uses a Level of Service (LOS) scale that ranges from A to F to characterize traffic conditions. This is a scale that is used to determine the traffic congestion level. After a thorough study of all the relevant components; the extent of autorickshaw use is recommended to be restricted to main roadways. In addition, a traffic signal should be implemented in combination with rigid traffic rules. The biking lane routing infrastructures system should be used to decrease the Mirpur-10 area’s traffic pressure, but only in important interchanges.
A Thorough Investigation and Design Approach for Drainage at Diu Premises
(Daffodil International University, 2024-06-28) Hossain, MD. Arafat; Rahman, Rafia; Bishwas, Alok
The currently installed roadside drainage system does not regulate the quality of runoff; it only attempts to restrict its quantity. Rainwater and objects from the road surface contain hazardous elements. Two potential drainage structures are infiltration trenches, which appear on both the left and right sides of the road. The existing drainage channel on the road may be modified to produce it. Providing a road drainage design model based on the notion of a sustainable urban drainage system is the aim of this work. The bottom of the rectangular channel was completed with several holes to promote porosity. The purpose of the aggregate-filled canal was to filter runoff from the roads before it reached the reservoir below. The water is then let go into the infiltration well. Data on rainfall and other physical features from the DIU smart city's Civil to EEE department were used to construct the model. Based on runoff volume, the aggregate filter's depth and channel's dimensions were constructed. Rainfall, runoff volume, area ratio, and drainage dimension are shown to be related. When the amount and quality of precipitation are taken into consideration, the notion of sustainable road drainage is achieved.
An Approach to Find out the Alternative Solution at an Urban Intersection
(Daffodil International University, 2021-10-17) Sifat, Muhtadiur Rahman; Rouf, Md. Abdur; Hossain, Shakhawat; Ananna, Tanjum Ahmed; Antora, Afsana Akter
Efficiency delivery of city needed for the victory of a city whose transportation system is an important component. For a sustainable economic development efficient transportation is a vital thing. In Bangladesh traffic is now a growing concern. Insufficient traffic control can waste people’s valuable time and energy also happens road accidents and many other economic problems. Technical intersections have multiple leg parts. We first selected the type of the technical turn. We collect our data for counting the passing vehicle. Our motive is to increase the passing value of pre development and after that we will compare between pre and post development. For that we add a flyover over Aricha road, Dhaka. By adding the flyover, it will be more sufficient for the users to use those legs. It will reduce the traffic jam in technical intersection also the flowing rate will be increased than the pre development value. So, the comparison will show us the proper development. However, data calculations may not be decent enough to illustrate the actual situation.
An Assessment on Traffic Control Volume of Public Transportation System of Khulna City
(Daffodil International University, 2020-09-30) Islam, Md. Zahidul; Sarker, Ridoy Chandra; Islam, Md. Rahatul; Hassan, Md. Maksudul
This report has been written as “A measurement on traffic control volume of public transport systems of Khulna city”. This paper attempts to gain insights into the traffic control volume and its effect on the public transport system. For this reason a traffic control volume study has been conducted from Dakbangla to Jora-gate Moar of Khulna- city road. In this study, the volume of the road section has been determined through a video analysis method and is represented by the Passenger Car Unit (PCU). In Traffic Survey and Analysis it is discussed about the congestion points (within 2 km), Control volume Study, ADT, AADT, Rate of Flow, Peak hour factor Flow fluctuation curve study, Directional Distribution, Design hour volume of Dakbangla to Jora-gate direction and Jora-gate to Dakbangla both direction. Traffic control volume survey was conducted by myself and my fellow classmates on the Dakbangla to Jora-gate road with a view to gaining data and insight about the traffic parameters and conditions in this particular road. Tuesday (30/06/2020) morning was the day we did the survey. We conducted the survey of volume study using a manual counting method. Before starting the final survey, we did a reconnaissance survey for 15 minutes for identifying a suitable location. We also conducted piloting for five minutes for the purpose to find out any problems that were related to the control volume study. Then we started the final survey. Finally, the Level ofservice (LOS) for this road section is also determined along with the formal and informal parking of the road. Proposals like; reduction of conflicting points, provision of off street parking; would be some potential solutions to increase the efficiency of this section of road.
An Experimental Study of the Water-Cement Ratio and Concrete Strength
(Daffodil International University, 23-01-18) Hassan, Zahid; Roy, Tarun; Alam, Shahin
Water cement ratio is always a burning question for casting concrete. Concrete is the most versatile construction materials and used as a substitute of stone which acts as artificial stone. The strength of this important construction material mostly depends on a proper water cement ratio. A wrong water cement ratio may produce weak concrete in spite of using 1st class ingredients of concrete. Hence determining a proper water cement ratio is one of the important factors of civil engineers worldwide. The first, less frequently mentioned fundamental presumptions for the strength versus water-cement ratio relationship are discussed, namely that (a) the strength of structural concrete is controlled by the strength of the cement paste contained within it; (b) the strength of a cement paste strongly depends on its porosity; and (c) the porosity (capillary) is a function of the water-cement ratio. The connection between concrete strength and water-cement ratio is based on this. For this relationship, many empirical formulations, or "strength formulas," have been established, such as the Abrams formula. These calculations, which often are straightforward but have limited validity, estimate the concrete strength only based on the water-cement ratio. In order to provide improvements, a new class of strength formulas is presented in this study. These formulas include a second independent variable in addition to the water-cement ratio, such as the amount of cement, water, paste, etc. This addition (a) increases the precision with which strength estimates are made (b) demonstrates that, when the water-cement ratio of two comparable concretes is changed, the concrete with the higher cement content will have a lower strength, and (c) demonstrates that the size of changes in concrete strength depends on whether the water-cement ratio is altered by changing the cement content or the water content. These predictions are supported by experimental data. The impact of the other type of porosity, the air content, on the strength of concrete is likewise explained using a formula. When this is combined with any reliable strength formula, the experimental results for both air-entrained and non-air-entrained concretes are well-fitted.
An Investigation Into Passenger Satisfaction And Its Role In Community And Economic Growth: A Study On West-Zone Rail Services In Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 2025-01-06) Khan, Sumon; Islam, Rafi; Bhuyain, Md. Shawon
Attraction and dependency between various linking regions have increased along with the rate of urbanization and economic growth. Since the beginning, transportation has played a vital role in advancing the development and economic benefits of connectingcommunities. The railway industry has demonstrated its ability to generate economic and developmental advantages for several nations. But compared to road transportation, less focus has been placed on improving the railway industry, primarily in Bangladesh, which has prevented the sector from reaping the full economic benefit. This study investigates passenger satisfaction with Bangladesh Railways, focusing on key factors such as journey time, punctuality and service quality. The objective is to identify the main barriers to passenger satisfaction and evaluate how addressing these issues can contribute to economic and community development. At Kamalapur and Parbatipur Railway Station, survey questionnaires were utilized to assess passenger satisfaction with various services. Passenger and locomotive master surveys were conducted to gain a comprehensive understanding of operational and service delivery challenges. The study employs factor analysis to identify the primary elements that influence passenger satisfaction. Surveys were conducted with both travelers and locomotive masters to gather insights. The results were based on their responses to questions designed to measure satisfaction across Nineteen key areas. The findings indicate that journey duration, punctuality, food quality and cost, ticket services, restroom cleanliness, staff behavior and scheduling sanitation are significant factors that explain 84.527% of the variance in passenger satisfaction with railway services. This research provides actionable recommendations for policymakers and railway authorities to prioritize passenger-centric strategies, ultimately fostering a more efficient and inclusive transportation system.
An Investigation of the Impact of Geogrid on the Stability of an Embankment by using PLAXIS 2D.
(Daffodil International University, 2024-12-09) Hossain, Md. Sajid
Geosynthetic material use has increased dramatically in recent years in civil engineering applications such as reinforced earth barriers, slope stability, transportation, reinforced embankments, etc. The purpose of embankments is to raise the surface height over that of the surrounding land. Many infrastructure projects are being constructed on embankments, and infrastructures that are resting on embankments may collapse as a result of embankment failure. This could cause fatalities, financial losses, and interruptions to any services that the projects provide; the loss of these things could take years to be made up for. The performance of the embankment with and without the usage of geogrid was evaluated using the Analytical Method and the Finite Element Method (FEM). This work uses numerical simulations in PLAXIS 2D to examine the effect of geogrid reinforcement on embankment stability. The analysis compares embankments with and without geogrid reinforcement, focusing on important factors such as the factor of safety (FOS), displacement (both horizontal and vertical), and stress distribution. With a discernible rise in FOS and decreases in both vertical settlement and horizontal displacement, the results show a considerable improvement in stability for reinforced embankments. Stress concentrations and failure risk were decreased in geogrid-reinforced embankments due to their more uniform stress distribution. Geogrid reinforcement has been shown to be very successful in difficult situations, such as unstable soils and steep inclines. For this reason, it is a crucial instrument in contemporary geotechnical engineering for augmenting the resilience and security of embankments. This study highlights the advantages of geogrid as an affordable way to reduce the risks of deformation and collapse, providing important insights for the design of safer and more durable embankment constructions.