Year 2018

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A COMPARATIVE FINANCIAL STUDY BETWEEN POTATO AND MUSTARD PRODUCTION IN SELECTED AREAS OF GAIBANDHA DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) RAHMAN, MD. MAHABUBUR
The present study was designed with a view to analyze the comparative financial aspects of the selected crops such as potato & mustard production. A total of 120 potato & mustard producing farmers were randomly selected from six villages under Gobindogonj and Polashbari Upazila of Gaibandha district. Mainly tabular analysis was done to achieve the major objectives of the study. Cobb-Douglas production function model was also used to identify and measure the specific effects of the factors on production. The findings of the study revealed that the productions of selected crops were profitable. The per hectare total costs of production of potato and mustard were Tk. 136826 and Tk. 52976, respectively and the corresponding gross incomes were Tk. 215000 and Tk. 63623, respectively. The estimated net return of producing potato and mustard were Tk. 78174and Tk. 10647, respectively. The results indicate that potato farmers received the higher gross return and net return compared to mustard producers. Functional analysis revealed that the variation of yield was greatly influenced by the human labour, fertilizers, pesticide and irrigation. These factors were directly or jointly responsible for the variation of yields. The study also revealed that the farmers faced various types of problems, such as lack of irrigation facilities, shortage of human labour, high price of fertilizers and insecticides, non-availability of quality seeds, low market price of product at harvest period, lack of storage facilities and inadequate transportation facilities. Based on the findings of the study, some recommendations were made for the development of potato and mustard production and to increase the income of the farmers.
A COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS BETWEEN AROMATIC AND AMAN RICE IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF DINAJPUR DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) MOSTOFA, SYEDA ROWSHAN ARA
This study was undertaken to determine the comparative profitability of Aman and Aromatic rice production. The objectives of the present study were to examine sociodemographic profile of Aman and Aromatic rice growers, to assess the profitability of producing Aman and Aromatic rice, to identify factors affecting the yield of Aman and Aromatic rice and to identify the problems faced by the farmers. A total of 60 farmers (30 for Aman rice growers and 30 for Aromatic rice growers) were selected randomly from two upazila namely Hakimpur and Ghoraghat in Dinajpur district. Both Tabular technique and statistical analysis was done to achieve the objectives of the study. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used in this study to determine the effects of different inputs on Aman and Aromatic rice production. The major findings of the study were that the cultivation of Aman and Aromatic rice was profitable from the view point of farmers. The gross returns per hectare for Aman and Aromatic rice were Tk. 109578.13 and Tk. 141222.04, respectively. The total cost of Aman production was Tk. 81697.99 and for Aromatic rice was Tk. 80796.12. Again the net returns of Aman and Aromatic rice were Tk. 27880.14 and Tk. 60425.92, respectively. The undiscounted Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.34 and 1.74 for Aman and Aromatic rice production, respectively. The results indicated that Aromatic rice production was more profitable than Aman rice production. Production function analysis suggested that among the variables included in model namely: human labor, MoP, TSP and manure had a positive and significant effect on yield of Aman rice and human labor, gypsum, insecticides and pesticide had a positive and significant effect on the yield of Aromatic rice except for, urea had a negative and significant effect on the yield of Aromatic rice. The study also showed that farmers producing Aman and Aromatic rice faced some problems. It may be concluded that the farmers should be encouraged to grow more Aromatic rice than Aman rice as a means of increasing farm income in the area under study.
A STUDY ON COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF AMAN AND BORO RICE PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF JHALAKATHI
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) J.M. ZAVED
This study was undertaken to assess the comparative profitability of aman and boro rice production. A total of 60 farmers (30 for aman rice growers and 30 for boro rice growers) were selected randomly from 10 villages of Jhalokati District. Survey data were collected using structured questionnaire in 2018. Tabular technique and statistical analysis were done to achieve the objectives of the study. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used in this study to determine the effects of individual inputs on aman and boro rice production. The major findings of the study were that the cultivation of aman rice and boro rice was profitable from the view point of farmers. The total return per hectare for aman rice and boro rice were Tk. 74848.6 and Tk. 141814 respectively. The gross cost of aman rice was Tk. 59315 and for boro rice it was Tk. 100430.23. Again, the net return of aman rice and boro rice were Tk. 15533.6 and Tk. 41383.77, respectively. The undiscounted Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) were 1.26 and 1.41 for aman and boro rice production, respectively. The results indicated that boro rice production was more profitable than the aman rice production. It was also evident from the study that per hectare net returns were influenced by most of the factors included in model namely: human labor, seed, fertilizer and manure, insecticides and pesticides, power tiller, and irrigation. These factors were directly or jointly responsible for influencing per hectare net returns for aman and boro rice production. The study also showed that farmers producing aman and boro rice faced some problems, mainly related to production and marketing of the crops. It may be concluded that the farmers should be encouraged to grow more boro rice rather than aman rice as a means of increasing farm income through diversification of crop production in the area under study.
A STUDY ON PROFITABILITY AND MARKETING OF CAULIFLOWER CULTIVATION IN NARSINGDI DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) SULTANA, TANHA
Cauliflower is one of the popular winter vegetables in Bangladesh. Cauliflower is low in fat, but high in dietary fiber, folate, water, and vitamin C, possessing a high nutritional density, and beneficial to human health. This study was conducted to determine the profitability, marketing channel and marketing margin of Cauliflower in Narsingdi district of Bangladesh in 2019. A total of 105 respondents were interviewed through structured survey questionnaire. The result reveals that an average 65 man-days/acre was used for Cauliflower cultivation where on an average 31 man-days/acre was family supplied labour. The total cost of cauliflower production was Tk. 75807/acre. The quantity of main product on an average was 9500 kg and per unit price was Tk. 15.50/kg. Gross return was Tk 152250/acre and the benefit cost ratio was 2.04. Econometric analysis indicates that variables like seed, TSP, pesticides and farmers' experience had positive and statistically significant influence on Cauliflower production. The marketing costs of Faria (local traders), Bepari, Aratdar, Wholesaler and Retailer of cauliflower were Tk.68.72, Tk.161.37, Tk.135.09, Tk.155.66, and Tk. 154.39 per quintal respectively. It was revealed that marketing margin of the Faria, Bepari, Aratdar, Wholesaler and Retailer was Tk.170, Tk.210, Tk.240, Tk. 260 and Tk. 410 per quintal, respectively. In the study area farmers suffered with some problems in marketing their products such as poor communication and transport facilities, dominance of intermediaries, lack of adequate storage facilities, and low price in harvesting season. Providing good quality seed, storage facilities and helping them in forming ‘farmers group' for collective marketing of their products will contribute to increase their economic return.
A STUDY ON PROFITABILITY, RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY AND MARKETING OF STRAWBERRY CULTIVATION IN RAJSHAHI DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) KHATUN, RUMANA
The present study was aimed to determine the profitability, resource use efficiency and marketing of strawberry cultivation in Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. The survey data were collected from 60 strawberry farmers using structure questionnaire in 2019. The study reveals that strawberry production is profitable to the farmers: the gross return was Tk. 1075000 per acre whereas total cost was Tk. 500521.40 per acre. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) estimated at 2.14. Econometric analysis shows that cost of human labour, seed, manure, TSP and insecticide had significant positive contribution to gross return of strawberry cultivation. In regards of resource use efficiency, manure and TSP were under used whereas seed and human labor was over utilized in strawberry cultivation. The study explored five important marketing channels for strawberry. This study also identified some of the problems and constraints associated with strawberry cultivation such as storage problem, lack of quality seed, capital and training, and also low price of product during harvesting period. Developing new varieties of strawberry, access to credit and extension services and training on production and marketing issue are important to enhance the economic return of strawberry farmers.
AGRICULTURAL VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: A CASE OF RICE FARMERS IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY SHER-E-BANGLA NAGAR, DHAKA, 2018-06) ISLAM, FAIJUL
This study is motivated by the susceptibility of rice farming to climate change and partly by the limited studies on this topic in Bangladesh. The study has investigated the socioeconomic condition, adaptation strategies, barriers to adaptation as well as influencing determinants of adaptation strategies of costal rice farmers using survey data of 120 households through simple random sampling from two costal Upazillas namely Betagi under the district of Barguna and Golacipa under the district of Patuakhali of Bangladesh. Different statistical analysis including Multinomial Logistic (MNL) model are employed to fulfill the objectives of the study. The results reveal that salinity, cyclones & storms, and flood are the major vulnerabilities of the households. The farmers have perceived a gradual increase in temperature but abnormality in rainfall which has serious impact on rice production. Most of the farmers have experienced food scarcity during the months of Agrahayon, Poush, Ashwin and Kartik due to lack of employment opportunities in the area. Farmers have taken a range of adaptation strategies to reduce the adverse impact of climate change. The major adaptation strategies are direct-seeded rice, supplementary irrigation, cultivation of HYV, adjusting planting calendars and techniques, livestock, duck and poultry rearing, and cultivation of non-rice crops. However, lack of weather forecast information, lack of knowledge concerning appropriate adaptation and poor information on early warning systems are among the important barriers to adaptation. The results of MNL model indicate that farming experience, access to agricultural credit, access to electricity, access to information and extension services have significant influence on the choice of adaptation strategies. Government policy should target improving farmers’ access to credit, electricity and extension services, and provide HYV varieties suitable for the local condition to enhance the adaptation capacity of the vulnerable rice farmers.
COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF BEEKEEPING USING WOODEN AND POLY HIVE IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) SADIA, FATEMA TUS
Poly hive provides a superior environment to raise and keep the honeybee population vigorous due to its high-tech internal facilities and sanitary system. Information on the profitability of poly hive is needed to encourage beekeepers to adopt it. The study was conducted to examine the profitability of beekeeping using wooden hive and modern poly hive technology and resource use efficiency of beekeeping in some selected areas Sirajganj, Gazipur and Satkhira districts of Bangladesh. Besides, sociodemographic profile and the major problems of beekeeping in the study area were also investigated. The study area was selected purposively on the basis of intensive cultivation of bee plants. A total of 60 beekeepers were selected using stratified random sampling technique to conduct farm level survey with pre-tested questionnaire. After analysing the data, gross return, net return and gross margin were found to be Tk. 11019.26 , Tk. 4082.45 and Tk. 8660.5 per hive per year respectively for wooden hive, and Tk. 27373.34, Tk. 19838.42, and Tk. 24736.14per hive per year respectively for poly hive. Total cost of beekeeping was Tk. 6936.81 and Tk. 7534.92 per hive for wooden and poly hive respectively. Undiscounted BCR were 1.59 and 3.63 for wooden and poly hive. Thus, it was found that beekeeping was profitable and it was very efficient and suitable in poly hive in comparison to traditional wooden hives. From production function analysis, it was observed that labor cost, transportation cost, insecticide cost, equipment cost, hive cost, rent cost and poly hive have significant effect on return. Resource use efficiency analysis indicated that labor cost, medicine cost, equipment cost, and extraction cost were under used in the study area. Higher cost of modern hives and accessories was found as their most severe (first ranked) constraint followed by some other constraints like lack of skilled labor, lack of capital, marketing problem etc.
COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY AND VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF CUT FLOWER CUTIVATION IN JASHORE AND DHAKA DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) MANJIRA, SHIRAJUM
Floriculture is a fast emerging and highly competitive industry. This study briefs out the existing production and marketing condition and practices of the cut-flower growers and traders. The overall objectives of the present study were to examine socioeconomic status of cut-flower (rose and gerbera) producing farmers, to assess profitability and factors affecting the production of cut flower, to identify the main distribution channel and value addition of cut-flower. Jashore and Dhaka district were selected for the study on the basis of intensive growing region of cut-flower cultivation. Multi-stage random sampling technique had been used for collecting data from 100 sample farmers through interview schedule. After analyzing the data, per hectare total cost, gross return, gross margin and net return were Tk. 327019, Tk. 902484, Tk. 648214 and Tk. 575465 respectively rose and Tk. 538479, Tk. 2116800, Tk. 1646766 and Tk. 1578321 respectively. Benefit cost ratio (On full cost basis) of rose and gerbera production were 1:2.76 and 1:3.93 and benefit cost ratio (On cash cost basis) of rose and gerbera were 1:3.55 and 1:4.55 respectively. Though both rose and gerbera production was highly profitable but gerbera was more profitable than rose. The significant coefficient values of seedling was 0.124 and 1.049 for rose and gerbera respectively indicated that yield of gerbera was higher than rose. By analyzing marketing channel and value addition it was found that as the number of intermediaries or value chain actors increased the farmers or producers share to consumers’ price decreased. Inadequate cold storage and seasonality in demand were the major constraint for farmers which were reported by 98% and 94% rose growing farmers respectively and 98% and 96% gerbera growing farmers respectively. Results indicated high yielding variety of rose for higher production is needed for rose growing farmers. Adequate cold storage for reducing the post-harvest loss is needed for both farmers and value chain actors. Therefore, it is needed to emphasis dissemination activities of technologies
DRIVING FACTORS AND IMPACT OF SHIFTING LAND UNDER RICE TO FISH CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) AKTER, MISS. SHARMIN
he study was conducted to explore the socio-economic status, relative profitability, determinants of adoption and livelihood changes of farmers due to shifting cultivation. Primary data were collected from 100 selected farmers using multistage random sampling technique through face-to-face interview during September to October, 2019. Descriptive statistics and Probit regression were used to achieve the objectives of the study. Per hectare variable and total cost of non-shifted farmers (rice farmers) were Tk. 148370.88 and Tk. 232156.88, respectively whereas it was Tk. 952315.4 and Tk. 1206185.4, respectively for shifted farmers (fish farmers). Net return of non-shifted and shifted farmers was Tk. -15625.08 and Tk. 691139.6 , respectively. Shifted cultivation was more profitable with BCR 1.57 compared to non-shifted farmers with BCR 0.93. Human labor, land use value and fertilizer costs were dominating cost items in rice farming whereas for fish farming, feed cost and land use value were important cost contributor. Econometric analysis shows that occupation, training, farm size and perception of cereal price had a significant influence on the decision of land shifting. The land shifting has significant impact on the livelihood of respective farm household. The different constraints respondents faced includes capital scarcity and high feed price in land shifting. Providing necessary training facilities and formal loan at low interest rate may help further investment decision of the shifted farmers.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF TOBACCO CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF LALMONIRHAT DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) ASHEK, MD. ASIF
The study was undertaken with the objective of determining the profitability level of tobacco cultivation in the Lamonirhat district of Bangladesh. To collect information, 67 tobacco growings fermers some selected on the basis of random sampling technique for this study. Tabular technique as used for the presentation of findings. 67 which were randomly selected from namely village Bairaty, Char-Bairaty, Kashiram,Parulia and Gorol in Kaliganj. The study revealed that per hectare gross return of Tobacco Cultivation were Tk. 230217.27 of per hectar cost of cultivation Tk. 19732.09 and Net return were Tk.50485.18 respectively. The Benefit-cost ratio of the study was found 1.28. Several problems were Identified to the cultivation of Tobacco, but higher prices of fertilizer cost are the major problems. In this areas needs the alloction of the government to solve these problems. Among the suggestion, they told that HYV and drought-tolerant variety would be good for them.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF AROMATIC RICE PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF DINAJPUR DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) JAHAN, NUSHRAT
The study was conducted to examine the profitability and resource use efficiency of aromatic rice production in some selected areas of Dinajpur district in Bangladesh. Besides, attempt had given to examine the profitability of aromatic production by the farmers in the study area, to identify the factors behind the yield variations of aromatic rice production in the study area,to assess the resource-use efficiency of aromatic rice production and to find out the problems faced by the farmers and to recommend some policy guidelines. Dinajpur district was selected purposively for the study on the basis of extensive aromatic rice production. A total of 101 aromatic rice cultivators were randomly selected to conducting farm level survey with pre-tested questionnaire. After analysing the data, per hectare gross return, net return and gross margin were found to be Tk. 203570, Tk. 51606 and Tk. 93906 respectively. Total cost of aromatic rice production was calculated at Tk. 148464 per hectare.Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was found 1.37. Thus, it was found that aromatic rice production was highly profitable. From Cobb-Douglas production function analysis, it was observed that the coefficients of cost of human labor, cost of seed, cost of urea, gypsum, cost of pesticide and Cost of irrigation were positively significant at different level of probability for aromatic rice production. But the coefficients of cost of animal labor & power, cost of manure, cost of TSP, cost of MoP and Zinc sulphate cost was not significant. Resource use efficiency indicated that all of the resources were under used for aromatic rice production except overutilization of human labour cost and TSP cost. So there was a positive effect of key factors in the production process of aromatic rice production. Low yield and unstable price was most acute problem for aromatic rice production followed by high price and spot scarcity of fertilizers and pest and disease infestation.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF BRINJAL CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREA OF GAZIPUR DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) HOSSEN, MOHAMMAD SHAHADAT
The present study was designed to determine the financial profitability and resource use efficiency of brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) cultivation in some selected area of Gazipur district. A total of 90 brinjal farmers from three upazila namely Sreepur (30), Kapasia (30), and Kaliakair (30) were selected. Tabular technique and statistical technique such as Cobb douglas production function was used to achieve the major objectives of the study. The major findings of the study revealed that brinjal production was highly profitable. The total cost of production was estimated Tk. 265617, Tk. 262652 and Tk. 252640 per hectare for Sreepur, Kapasia and Kaliakair upazila respectively. The average total cost was Tk. 260303. Total yield per hectare were 268890 kg, 29905 kg and 26812 kg for Sreepur, Kapasia and Kaliakair respectively. The average per unit brinjal price was Tk. 15 for all areas. Gross return for Sreepur, Kapasia and Kaliakair upazila were Tk. 430240, Tk. 418670 and Tk. 402180 respectively. Net return per hectare was Tk. 164623, Tk. 156018 and Tk. 149540 respectively. The average net return was Tk. 157732 per hectare. BCR on full and variable cost were 1.62 and 2.02, 1.60 and 1.98, 1.59 and 2.08 for Sreepur, Kapasia and Kaliakair upazila respectively. The average BCR on full and variable cost were 1.60 and 2.03 which implies that one taka investment generated 0.60 Tk. and 1.03 Tk. respectively. The regression coefficient of hired labor, land preparation, chemical fertilizers, irrigation and pesticide showed positive and significant effect and seedling, manure showed insignificant effect. The coefficient of multiple determinations, R 2 and F-value were 79% and 43.48 which indicated good fit of a model. The ratio of MVP and MFC of hired labor, seedling, land preparation, manure, chemical fertilizers, irrigation and pesticide was 0.54, 4.25, 3.32, -0.06, 2.03, 2.71 and 4.22 respectively. It indicated that farmers in the study areas were over utilizing hired labor, and manure. On the other hand seedling, land preparation, chemical fertilizers, irrigation, and pesticide were underutilized. Farmers faced many problems in the study area during brinjal production. Among them inset infection, higher price of pesticides, lack of quality seedling, high wage rate of labor, lack of human labor were major problems of brinjal cultivation. Supply of inputs and improvement of market facilities can play an important role in increasing brinjal production.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF JUTE PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF MYMENSINGH DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) DALIA, ISRAT JAHAN
The present study was conducted to estimate the financial profitability of jute production in Gafargaon and Trishal Upazilla of Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Three villages from each Upazilla were purposively selected for this study. In total, 80 jute farmers were selected purposively for the study. Out of 80 samples, 40 were from Gafargaon Upazilla and 40 were from Trishal Upazilla. Primary data were collected during August to September of 2019 through field visit. The required data were collected through structured interview schedule from the 80 jute farmers. The secondary information sources were IJSG reports, BJRI reports, BJSA report, Bangladesh economic review, BBS, different journals, newspaper, relevant websites etc. Descriptive statistics and Cobb-Douglas production function model were used to address the main objectives of the study. The results of the study showed that, per hectare average total cost for producing jute was Tk. 96170.77. Per hectare gross returns above cash cost from jute production was estimated Tk. 122201.62 and per hectare average net return of jute production was Tk. 26030.85. It was also revealed that net return was higher at Trishal upazilla. The study considered human labor cost, land preparation cost, seed cost, fertilizer cost, manure cost and pesticide cost, these six variables. The study revealed that land preparation cost, fertilizer cost and human labor cost had significant impact on jute production. The study also identified that jute producers were facing some problems such as: low price of jute, high labor cost, unavailability of human labor, want of retting place etc. If these problems could be solved within the shortest possible time, all the jute producers could be able to earn a much higher profit than the existing level. On the basis of findings, some recommendations were made for the development of jute sector in Bangladesh.
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS AND INPUT USE EFFICIENCY OF MAIZE CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF CHUADANGA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) BISWAS, RUMANA
The objectives of this study were to identify the socio-economic characteristics of maize growers; to estimate the cost and return of maize cultivation; to assess the input use efficiency of maize cultivation and to address the problems faced by the farmers and suggest some policy recommendations. The study was conducted in six villages of Alokdia and Karpashdanga union under Chuadanga sadar and Damurhuda upazila of Chuadanga district. Data were collected by using interview schedule from the purposively selected 80 respondents during 1 ii st June to 30 th June, 2019. After analyzing the data, total cost of production was Tk. 124495, Tk. 134335 and Tk. 140579 for marginal, small and medium maize production respectively. Per hectare gross return was Tk. 213997, Tk. 204972 and Tk. 197163 for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively. Per hectare gross margin was Tk. 120478, Tk. 104748 and Tk. 92516 for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively. Net return was calculated by deducting gross cost from gross return and these were Tk. 89502, Tk. 70637 and Tk. 56584 for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively. Benefit cost ratio was 1.72, 1.53 and 1.40 for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively. From Cobb-Douglas production function analysis, it was observed that the coefficients of land preparation cost, irrigation cost, urea and MoP was significant at different level of probability for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively and the coefficients of human labor, seed and pesticide used was not significant while the coefficients of TSP was negative and significant for marginal, small and medium maize production, respectively. Input use efficiency indicated that all of the resources were under used for maize production except overutilization of human labor and TSP. So there was a positive effect of key factors in the production process of maize cultivation. This study also identified some of the problems associated with maize production. The findings revealed that high price of inputs was the most acute problem followed by lack of technical knowledge and shortage of human labor at the critical stage and declining soil fertility was the last obstacle which stand in the way of maize production in the study area.
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF T.AMAN RICE PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF PIROJPUR DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) AKON, MD. SHAHJALAL
This study was designed to assess the profitability and resource use efficiency analysis of T.Aman rice farming at Pirojpur district in Bangladesh. In total, 60 farmers were randomly selected for the study. Descriptive statistics, activity budgets, Cobb-Douglas production function models were employed to achieve the objectives of the study. The estimated total variable costs, fixed cost, and operating costs for T.Aman rice per hectare were found to be Tk. 42679 , Tk. 13423 and Tk. 1423 respectively whereas total cost, total return, and net return were measured Tk. 56102 , Tk.74400, and Tk. 18298 respectively. This study calculated benefit cost ratio which was 1.32 for T.Aman rice. It was observed that the coefficient of human labor, seed, insecticide, and education was positive and had significant impacts on gross returns of T. Aman rice production. In the study area seed, and gypsum were underutilized which used should be increased to attain more productivity and human labour, urea, TSP, and MoP were over utilized these variable used should be decreased to attain the optimum productivity. In the study area farmers appeared some barriers such as lack of labor, lack of money, lack of market for selling products, lack of education, poor agricultural extension service delivery, lack of knowledge, etc. About 93 % of farmers mentioned the low price of rice and 47% of farmers mentioned a lack of money. This study suggests to ensure financial support, extension services and marketing facilities towards increasing productivity resources use efficiency for T.Aman rice in Bangladesh
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF AUS RICE CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF CUMILLA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) PREETY, TAMANNA AKTER
The present study was designed to measure the profitability and resource use efficiency of Aus rice growing districts Cumilla of Bangladesh. The study was confined to randomly selected 60Aus rice farmers. It revealed that Aus rice production is profitable to the farmers. The productivity of Aus rice at farm level was 1520 kg/ha. Aus rice farmers received Tk.24087 as gross return per hectare. And total cost was tk. 20143 per hectare. So the Benefit cost ratio (BCR) on full cost basis is 1.2. Here variable cost is tk.16243 per hectare. So the benefit cost ratio on variable cost basis is 1.5.Functional analysis showed that cost of human labor, seed, and fertilizer had positive significant contribution to gross return of Aus rice cultivation. On the other hand power tiller cost and insecticides cost had insignificant effect on gross return of Aus cultivation. Resource use efficiency indicated that in case of seed, fertilizer and insecticides; the resources were under used for Aus rice production. In case of human labor the resources are over utilized and power tiller use bring the inefficiency of Aus rice cultivation. So there is a positive effect of key factors in the production process of year round Aus rice cultivation. This study also identified some of the problems and constraints associated with Aus rice farming. Farmer faces several types of problem from production period to harvesting period. Heavy rainfall, extreme temperature, lack of capital, high input price, shortage of quality seed, shortage of labor in pick period, high wage rate and lack of capital are some acute problem that the farmer faces most.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF MUNGBEAN PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF PATUAKHALI DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) AKTAR, KHADIJA
The present study was designed to measure the profitability and resource use efficiency of mungbean growing districts Patuakhali of Bangladesh. The study was confined to randomly selected 70 mungbean farmers. It revealed that mungbean production is profitable to the farmers. The productivity of munghean at farm level was 807 kg/ha, which vas higher than national average of 680 kg/ha. Mungbean farmers received Tk. 60522 as gross return per hectare. The net return on total cost received of mungbean was Tk. 22666. Benefit cost ratios on full cost and variable cost was at 1.59 and 3.37 respectively. Functional analysis showed that human labor, fertilizer irrigation and insecticides had positive significant contribution to mungbean cultivation. In case of resource use efficiency analysis for labor, fertilize, irrigation and insecticides were greater than one and positive indicating inefficient use of these inputs. Therefore, the farmers in the study areas had potentially ample opportunities to increase mungbean production by using more of these inputs. Mungbean farmers encountered various problems like untimely rainfall, lack of quality seed and disease and insect infestation, and needs immediate attention to reduce these problems.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF ONION CULTIVATION IN FARIDPUR DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) JANNAT, SUMAIYA
The present study was conducted to find out the profitability and resource use efficiency of onion cultivation in Faridpur district. A total of 90 farmers were selected randomly from three upazila of Faridpur namely Bhanga, Nagarkanda and Sadarpur. Data were collected from the sample farmers through face to face interview. Majority of the sample farmers were engaged in agriculture. Overall literacy status of the farmers was good in the study areas. Cobb-Douglas production function had been used to achieve the objectives. The average total cost of onion cultivation was estimated Tk. 185979 per hectare. The average yield per hectare was 11833 kg and average per unit onion price was Tk. 28. On an average gross return, gross margin and net return per hectare were Tk. 335173, Tk. 161191 and Tk. 149194 respectively. On an average BCR on full cost basis was 1.80 which implies that one taka investment generated 1.80 Tk. The coefficient of multiple determination, R 2 and F-value were 89% and 87.95 which indicated good fit of a model. The ratio of MVP and MFC of human labor, land preparation, seed, urea, TSP, MOP, irrigation and insecticides was 1.82, 6.51, 4.32, -5.73, 1.08, -5.38, 3.57 and -11.00 respectively. It indicated that farmers in the study areas were over utilizing urea, MOP and insecticides. On the other hand human labor, land preparation, seed, TSP and irrigation were underutilized. Farmers faced many problems in the study areas during the period of onion cultivation. Among them output price fluctuation, high wage rate of labor, lack of human labor were major problems of onion cultivation. Supply of inputs at reasonable price and improvement of market facilities can play an important role in increasing onion production.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NARSINGDI DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) KHATUN, AMINA
In the agrarian and poor densely populated country like Bangladesh which is situated in South Asia, vegetable plays a crucial role in supplying nutrition and generating income and employment opportunities. The study was conducted to analyse the profitability, contribution of factors in yield and socioeconomic status of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) producing farmers at Narsingdi Sadar & Raipura thana under Narsingdi district to assess the profitability, contribution of factors to production and changes in socio-economic status of the farmers. The study was based on primary data, collected from 90 farmers, selected using a simple random sampling technique. The main factors of production like, seeds, human labour, tillage, fertilizer, manure, irrigation, hormone and pestticides were considered to estimate the impacts on tomato production. Amongst 2 thanas, farmers from Raipura earned highest profit. Gross returns for per hectare were Tk. 933160 corresponding net returns was Tk. 545637. Moreover, the undiscounted benefit cost ratio of was in total (2.4). The coefficient of determinations (R 2 ) was about 0.876, which indicates that about 87 percent of variations of tomato production are explained by the independent variables. The result showed that human labour, tillage, fertilizer and manures of the variables were significantly positive, which implies independent inputs had effective contribution to increase tomato production. The ratio of MVP and MFC of seed, land preparation, Fertilizer, Manure, Hired labour and Irrigation was found 5.18, 2.42, 12.62, 7.86, 0.877 and 30.88 respectively. About 35 % of total variable cost was incurred for using human labour, respectively. Timely non availability of labour, insect and diseases attack was reportedly the major problems for tomato production. Effective policy and proper extension services have therefore, to be ensured to increase income and employment opportunities of the tomato farmers.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF CUMILLA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2018) KADER, MD. ABDUL
The study was conducted to delineate the socio-economic characteristics of tomato producers in the study area; to estimate the costs and returns of tomato production in the study area, to find out the factors that affect profitability of tomato cultivation, and to assess the resource use efficiency of tomato cultivation. Cumilla district was selected purposively for the study on the basis of extensive tomato production. A total of 80 tomato cultivators were randomly selected to conducting farm level survey with pre-tested questionnaire. Data were collected during 1 i st January, 2019 to 31 March, 2019. Per acre cost of tomato production was Tk. 26033 for all farm categories in the study area. Total cost was highest for small farm (Tk. 30903) followed by large farm (Tk. 29602) and medium farm (Tk. 28945). Per acre gross return of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farms were Tk. 56208, Tk. 54912 and Tk. 52864 respectively which indicates that per acre gross return of small farms were higher than large and medium farms. Per acre gross margin of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farms were Tk. 38704, Tk. 38551 and Tk. 36126 respectively. Per acre net return of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farms were Tk. 25305, Tk. 25967 and Tk. 23262 respectively, which indicates that net return was highest in small farms than large and medium farms. Per acre benefit cost ratio (BCR) of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farm were 1.82, 1.90 and 1.78 respectively. Cobb-Douglas production function model was used to determine the effects of key variable inputs. The most important nine explanatory variables were included in the model to explain the gross income or return of tomato cultivation. Most of the variables in the production function were significant in explaining the gross return except the positive and insignificant effect of human labour cost, urea, MP, irrigation and pesticides. Resource use efficiency indicated that all of the resources were under used for tomato cultivation except overutilization of human labor, TSP and Mop. In the study area, unavailability of good quality seed was the most severe problem among the farmers and lack of irrigation facility was the last problems of the farmers.