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Item Biological traits and predation efficiency of Menochilus sexmaculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on different hosts(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2015-06) ALAM, MD. JAHANGIR; Prof. Dr. Md. Alamgir HossainMenochilus sexmaculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is an important bio control agent against bean aphid, mustard aphid, wheat aphid. A detailed research work was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, HSTU, Dinajpur to study the Consequence of hosts on the Biology and predation efficiency of Menochilus sexmaculatus (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) on three aphid species such as bean aphid, mustard aphid and wheat aphid (Aphis craccivora, Lipaphis erysimi and Rhopalosiphum maidis). During November 2014 to April 2015.The average incubation period was varied from 3.80 to 3.95 days on three different aphid species. The duration of first instar was maximum on R. maidis (2.60 days), while duration of second instar was maximum recorded on L. erysimi i.e. 2.70 days. Minimum duration of first and second instar larvae was observed on Aphis craccivora (2.40 and 2.50 days) respectively. The maximum duration of third and fourth instar larvae was found on L. erysimi (3.20 and 2.60 days) respectively. Significantly lowest total larval duration was found on R. maidis (9.70 days) while the highest on L. erysimi (11.00 days). Maximum pupal period was recorded on R. meidis (3.20 days) and minimum on L. erysimi (3.00 days). The average egg laying capacity of single female was 286.00 to 365.00 eggs, when reared on different aphid species. Adult longevity of the beetle was found maximum on L. erysimi (42.60 days), and minimum on A. craccivora (34.60 days).The duration doubling times varied significantly among the aphid species. The mean generation time (T) among the varieties of aphids were 29.299, 28.704, 29.299 days, respectively. The longest duration was found in wheat and mustard aphids respectively and the shortest duration was in bean aphid .The gross reproductive rate (GRR) was highest (257.13) for the wheat aphid and lowest (202.88) for the bean aphid. The average predation efficiency of mustard aphid (1660.80), wheat aphid (1465.00) and bean aphid (1624.90) respectively.Item AMELIORATION OF THE ADVERSE EFFECT OF DROUGHT ON RICE CULTIVATION THROUGH POULTRY LITTER BASED COMPOST(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2017-12) ALAM, MD. JAHANGIR; Prof. Dr. Md. Abu HasanA field experiment was carried out at the research field of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during January 2017 - May 2017 to evaluate the effects of poultry litter based composts on morphophysiological, yield and yield contributing characters of rice (BRRI dhan28) under different watering stress condition. The experiment was laid out in two factorial complete randomized designs (CRD) with three replications. Factor A included three (3) fertilization levels i.e. control (inorganic), compost (10ton/ha) + inorganic, compost (20ton/ha) + without inorganic fertilizers and factor B comprised of three watering levels (continuous flooding, 100% field capacity and 75% field capacity). Different parameters were measured such as plant height, tiller number, leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll content, proline content and yield contributing characters during the experiment. Most of the morphophysiological traits, yield and yield contributing characters were significantly influenced by different fertilization and irrigation levels. Especially the highest plants height and leaf number per hill were recorded in compost (10ton/ha) + inorganic fertilizer with 100% field capacity. But the maximum tiller numbers were produced by the interaction of control (inorganic) with flooding irrigation. The total chlorophyll and proline content were observed more in flag leaf by the interaction between controls (inorganic) with flooding irrigation. But the relative water content was found more by the interaction of compost (10ton/ha) + inorganic fertilizer with 75% field capacity. The highest effective tiller number/hill was recorded from control (inorganic) and (20ton/ha+without inorganic) at anthesis and harvest stages. It was also observed that flooding irrigation produced the highest number of effective tiller/hill. But the combination of control (inorganic) with flooding irrigation produced the highest number of effective tiller/hill (19). The longest panicle length (23.12 cm) was recorded from the combined effect of compost (10ton/ha + inorganic) with 75% field capacity. The highest grain yield was recorded from control (inorganic) viii (3.69 ton/ha) and flooding irrigation (4.08 ton/ha). The interaction between compost (10ton/ha+ inorganic) and flooding irrigation gave the highest grain yield (4.42 ton/ha). In case of 1000-grain weight the combined effect of compost (20ton/ha+ without inorganic) with 75% field capacity produced the highest result (18.83 g). The maximum harvest index was recorded from compost (20ton/ha + without inorganic) with flooding irrigation. It will be concluded that the rice grown under 10ton/ha compost + inorganic fertilizer with flooding irrigation revealed as a pledged practice in order to get the optimum yield.Item EVALUATION OF WHEAT GENOTYPES IN RESPONSE TO SALINITY(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2014-11) ALAM, MD. JAHANGIR; Prof. Dr. Md. Sohidul IslamTwo experiments (Germination test & seedling growth, and pot experiment for yield) were carried out at laboratory and shade house, Department of Agronomy, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during Nobember 2013 to March 2014. For germination and seedling growth 22 wheat genotypes were tested in three salinity levels (0, 100 and 200 mM) for 10 days in sand culture in small plastic pot. Speed of germination as expressed by germination percentage (GP), rate of germination (GR), germination co-efficient (GC) and germination vigor index (GVI) of all wheat genotypes were delayed and germination percentage was reduced due to salinization compared to control. The lower reduction of GP, GR, GC and VI due to salinity was observed in BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora, and Akbar whereas higher reduction was recorded in BARI Gom 26, Duram, Triticale, Sufi and Kheri. Shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights were found to be affected due to salinization and shoot was more affected than root. Under saline conditions, longer shoot and root length was recorded in BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Akbar, and Shatabdi, i.e. less reduction of shoot and root lengths was observed, on the other hand, BARI Gom 26, Duram, Prodip and Triticale produced shorter shoot and root length. In this study, genotypes BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora and Aghrani showed better performance in terms shoot and root growth (fresh and dry weights) and proved to be tolerant genotypes to salinity. On the other hand, Duram, BARI Gom 26, Triticale, Kheri and Prodip were affected seriously in terms of fresh and dry weights by the saline environment. BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora and Aghrani showed more salt tolerance index (STI) based on shoot dry weight while BARI Gom 26, Triticale, Durum, Sufi, Prodip and Kalyanson demonstrated lower STI value under saline conditions. Results on germination and seedling growth indicate that BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 27 performed well but BARI Gom 26 and Durum were affected more than other genotypes under salinity stress. After screening from experiment-1, BARI Gom 25 appeared as the most salt tolerant and BARI Gom 26 as the most salt sensitive genotype. Therefore, the yield performance of these two genotypes BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26 was evaluated in three saline conditions (0, 75 and 150 mM NaCl). With the increase in salinity level, days to first heading and maturity were reduced and BARI Gom 25 showed lesser reduction than BARI Gom 26 at 150 mM NaCl. BARI Gom 26 was affected more in its plant height, tiller production, spike length, spike plant’, spikelet spike”, grain dry weight spike", 100 grain weight, and finally grain yield plant under saline condition than BARI Gom 25. Considering the results of both experiments, it can be concluded that the BARI Gom 25 could be treated as the most salt tolerant and BARI Gom 26 as the most salt sensitive genotypes.