Year 2020

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ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIABILITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION OF YIELD AND IT’S CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS OF F7 POPULATION IN Brassica napus L.
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) NISHU, SAYMA SAYED
The experiment was conducted with the aim of assessment of the genetic variability,heritability,character association, path analysis of F 7 population of Brassica napus L. from November 2019 to February 2020.In this experiment, fortythree genotypes of Brassica napus L. were evaluated based on randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.The genotypes were found significantly variable for all the eleven characters and From the values of mean. range and CV (%) of seed yield and yield contributing characters it was confirmed that there were considerable variation present among all the genotypes used in the experiment.The values of GCV and PCV indicated that there was least variation present among most of the characters.Comparatively, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic variances for all the characters studied. The high GCV and PCV value were observed for number of seed yield per plant (38.06 and 4.57 respectively). Seed yield per plant (99.47) exhibited the highest value of heritability followed by number of siliquae per plant (97.08). The significant positive correlation for seed yield per plant was found with days to maturity (0.186) and thousand seed weight (0.659). Path co-efficient analysis revealed that days to 50% flowering, number of primary branch, siliquae length, number of siliqua per plant, number of seed per siliquae and thousand seed weight had the positive direct effect on yield per plant.. Considering genetic analysis and other agronomic performance genotypes G6 (P1), G14 (P2), G18 (P2) and G9 (P3) might be suggested as promising high yielding lines with early maturity as fulfillment of farmer’s demand.
CHARACTER ASSOCIATION OF FIFTEEN ADVANCED POPULATIONS OF Brassica rapa BASED ON YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) ARIF, MD. AZAHARUL ISLAM
A field study was conducted to evaluate fifteen advanced populations of Brassica rapa to estimate the magnitude of variation, heritability, genetic advance, correlation, and direct and indirect effect of different yield and yield contributing characters on seed yield of B. rapa. The experiment was executed following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, from November 2018 to March 2019. Significant differences were exhibited among the existing genotypes for all traits used in this experiment. The phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic variance for every character. The yield and yield contributing parameters such as days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, root length, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, length of siliqua, number of seeds per siliqua, thousand seed weight and seed yield per plant showed least phenotypic and genotypic variance except for plant height and number of siliquae per plant. Days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, and length of siliqua showed the low genotypic, and phenotypic coefficient of variation and number of primary branches per plant and number secondary branches per plant revealed the highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation. High heritability with low genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean were found with days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, the number of primary branches per plant and number of secondary branches per plant while moderate heritability with high genetic advance and genetic advance in the percentage of mean were seen in the number of siliquae per plant. However, the root length showed low heritability (15.86). Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that seed yield per plant had a significant positive association with days to maturity (r g =0.540, r p =0.356), plant height (r g xii =0.517, r p =0.394), number of siliquae per plant (r g =0.395, r p =0.372), length of silique (r g =0.571, r p =0.558), and thousand seed weight (r g =0.823, r p =0.584). Path analysis revealed both direct and indirect effects on seed yield and also check that seed yield per plant had a direct positive impact on days to first flowering, days to maturity, plant height, root length, number of secondary branches per plant, number of seeds per siliqua and thousand seed weight. The finding of the study, revealed that SAU 2 × BARI 6, F 7 S 4 , Yellow, BARI 9 × BARI 6, F 7 , Yellow and SAU 1 × BARI 15, F 8 , 75 days were performed best among the studied genotypes and selected as a potential candidate for varietal releasing a new mustard variety in Bangladesh.
CHARACTERIZATION AND EVALUATION OF TEN ADVANCED BORO RICE LINES
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) TINNI, MOSTARINA TASMIN
An investigation was carried out under the field conditions to characterize and evaluate study ten F 9 advanced boro rice lines during the period of boro season (20182019) at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207. The advanced lines were characterized for 31 qualitative and 10 quantitative traits. Variability study was carried out on 12 parameters to select the best lines for further trial. All the lines were characterized and categorized as per the descriptors developed by Biodiversity International, IRRI and WARDA-2007 for DUS test of inbred rice. Among the qualitative character variation was observed in penultimate leaf pubescence, stigma exertion, attitude of the flag leaf blade, panicle curvature, panicle attitude of branches and panicle exertion. Among all the quantitative character time of heading (50% of plants with heads), stem: culm diameter, panicle length, number of effective tillers per plant, time of maturity, thousand grain weight and decorticated grain length showed difference for all the lines which considered for better agronomic performance. The average days to maturity was 137 days and most of the lines showed early maturity (134 days) and lodging resistance. Most of the lines produced average number of effective tillers per plant (13 tillers), panicle length (25.25 cm) and resulted in higher yield per plant. The average thousand grain weight was 22.88 g and average yield was 8.10 ton/ha. In case of variability study plant height, effective tillers per plant, length of panicle, primary branches per panicle, secondary branches per panicle, total spikelet per panicle, filled grains per panicle, thousand seed weight and yield per ha showed significant variations among the lines. Among the ten lines L5 showed the maximum yield per hectare (9.11 t/ha) and the minimum in L10 (7.08 t/ha). The lines L3 (8.66 t/ha) and L5 (9.11 t/ha) produced higher yield and short duration. Thus, the line L5 would be suitable for developing boro rice variety for its short duration and high yield.
CHARACTERIZATION AND VARIABILITY ANALYSIS OF SEVERAL ADVANCED LINES OF BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) RAHMAN, MD. ASHIQUR
The investigation was carried out under field conditions to characterize thirteen advanced lines of boro rice and to study their variability among these lines during the period of boro season (20182019) at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. The Thirteen advanced lines were categorized for twenty qualitative and ten quantitative traits for following the release procedure. Variability study was carried out on twelve parameters to select the best lines for further trail. The lines were characterized and categorized as per the descriptors developed by Biodiversity International, IRRI and WARDA-2007 for DUS test of inbred rice. All the lines showed variation for twelve qualitative characters. They are green color intensity of leaf blade, flag leaf: attitude of the blade, lemma and palea: anthocyanin coloration, spikelet: color of the tip of lemma, panicle exertion, panicle: awns in the spikelet, attitude of branches culm habit, color of the stigma, ligule color, panicle exertion, leaf senescence, color of awns. Among the quantitative characteristics, culm length (cm), panicle length (cm), culm diameter, time of heading (50 % of the plants with head), effective tillers per hill, thousand seed weight (g), days to maturity, grain length (mm), grain width (mm) and yield per square meter(g) showed variation among the rice lines. In case of variability analysis ten parameters showed significant result viz. plant height (cm), no. of effective tillers per hill, panicle length (cm), number of secondary branches per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, number of unfilled grains per panicle, thousand seed weight (g), days of 80 % maturity, yield per square meter (g) and yield per ha (t). Two parameters showed non-significant result viz. primary branch per panicle and grain length (mm). Minimum days to maturity were observed in G10 (130.56) followed by G11 (133.78), G07 (134.44), G05 (138.22) compared with the checks G14 (144.56) and G15 (140.56). Yield per ha (t) was highest in G01 (9.91 t/ha) followed by G13 (9.38 t/ha) compared with the checks G14 (9.5 t/ha) and G15 (9.22 t/ha). So, the most promising lines in respect of yield and time of maturity were G01, G10, G11 and G13 which could be used for further trail in future to follow the release procedure.
CHARECTERIZATION AND VARIABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOME ADVANCED LINES OF FINE GRAIN BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) SHARMA, BIDYUT PRAVA DEB
The experiment was conducted to characterize some advanced lines of fine grain boro rice and to determine the variability among these lines during the period of boro season (2018-2019) at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. These advanced lines of fine grain boro rice were characterized for 15 quantitative and 17 qualitative traits. Variability study was carried out on 15 parameters to select the best lines for further trial. Among the qualitative characteristics, variation was observed in leaf color, leaf sheath: anthocyanin color, flag leaf: attitude of the blade, lemma and palea: anthocyanin color, stem: anthocyanin coloration of internodes, spikelet: color of the tip of lemma, panicle: awns in the spikelet, panicle exertion, grain color and culm habit. Among the quantitative characteristics- time of heading, stem: culm diameter, days to maturity, grain length, decorticated grain length showed difference for all the lines. In case of variability study all the characters showed significant result. Phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic variance for all the characters indicating environmental effect presence on these characters. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found in unfilled grain/plant and days to 80% maturity. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean was found in primary branch/panicle, spikelet/panicle, filled grain/plant and unfilled grain/plant which indicated that additive gene expression on this character. Character association analysis indicating that yield/plant had highest significant positive correlation with thousand seed weight (g) in both genotypic and phenotypic level indicating the importance of these trait in selection for increasing yield. Most of the lines showed higher no. of effective tillers, long panicles with higher no. of grains/panicle which would be the agronomic superiority. The average panicle length was 24.83 cm and mean total no. grain was 179.31 per panicle which contributed to an average yield of 36.97 g per plant. Five lines viz. L1, L2, L3, L6 and L7 showed extra-long fine rice grain character. The highest yield was observed in L10 (7.70 t/ha), L8 (7.50 t/ha) and L5 (7.40 t/ha) comparing with the check varieties. So, the best lines viz. L5, L8 and L10 which could be used for further trial in future to follow the release procedure in respect of time and yield.
COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN F POPULATIONS DERIVED FROM 6×6 HALF DIALLEL CROSS OF MUSTARD (Brassica rapa)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) CHAKRABORTY, SHIKHA
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the fifteen F 1 lines derived from 6×6 half diallel cross of Brassica rapa for yield and yield components. Six (6) parents of mustard were mated using half 6×6 diallel fashion during Rabi season 2017-18 and then evaluated the combining ability and heterosis of fifteen F 1 hybrids over two check varieties BARI sharisha-14 (CV1) and local variety Maghi (CV2) at research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during Rabi season 2018-19. The analysis of mean performance showed that the hybrid combination P2×P6 (80.00) matured with the lowest growth duration, while the cross P1×P4 and P4×P6 had taken the longest duration. The hybrid P3×P5 produced the highest number of seeds per silique, while P2×P4 produced the lowest number of seeds per silliqua. The heaviest or the boldest seeds were produced by the hybrid P3× P5 (4.00 g). Again, the highest seed yield per plant was observed in the hybrid P1×P3 (7.40 g), while the lowest seed yield per plant was observed in hybrid P2 ×P4 (2.33 g). The variances for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were found significant for all the characters which indicated that both type of gene actions such as additive and non-additive were involved for the controlling of yield and yield related characters in the hybrid progenies. GCA variances were higher in magnitude than SCA for all the characters except no. of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant and seed yield per plant indicating the superiority of non-additive or dominant gene effects for the inheritance of these traits. The analysis of GCA revealed that parents P1, P3 and P5 were the best general combiner for yield related character, while parents P6 and P1 for earliness and tall plant type. The SCA analysis revealed that crosses P1×P3, P2×P6 and P4×P6 exhibited maximum positive effects for yield related characters. In heterosis analysis, the test hybrid combinations viz., P1×P2, P1×P6, P2×P3, P2×P4, P2×P5, P2×P6, P3×P4, P3×P6, P4×P5, P4×P6 and P5×P6 manifested the negative significant heterosis over CV1 but none of the crosses showed significant negative heterosis over CV2 as well as over their better parent for days to first flowering. Again, none of the crosses showed significant negative heterosis over CV1 and BP for days to maturity. The cross combinations viz., P1×P3, P1×P5 and P1×P6 showed positive standard heterosis over CV1 and CV2 for yield and yield contributing characters such as siliqua length, no. of seeds per siliqua, thousand seeds weight and seed yield per plant. Interestingly, only hybrid P1×P3 showed standard hetersosis over both the check varieties for seed yield. Considering the standard heterosis for yield and yield attributes, the tested hybrids viz., P1×P2, P1×P3 and P1×P5 might be selected as superior B. rapa hybrid lines. Moreover, the hybrid lines viz., P1×P4, P2×P5, P2×P6, P3×P4, P3×P5, P3×P6, P4×P5 and P4×P6 could also be selected as potential lines because these hybrids could produce transgressive segregants in advanced or later generations.
COMPARATIVE TRIAL AMONG TEN ADVANCED LINES OF BORO RICE
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AFROZE, JANNATUL
The investigation was carried out under the field condition to characterize and study variability among the ten advanced boro rice lines (F9 genotypes) during the period of boro season (2017-2018) at the experimental field of Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Variability study are carried out on twelve parameters to select the best lines for further trial. Among all the quantitative character number of effective tillers per plant, time of maturity, thousand grain weight and yield showed difference in all the lines which showed better agronomic performance. The highest days to maturity was observed in L8 (141 days) and the minimum days to maturity was observed in L5 (134 days). Phenotypic variance for number of total tillers per plant showed (3.26) was higher than genotypic variance (0.68) indicating moderate environmental influence on these characters and high difference between the phenotypic coefficient of variation (12.94%) and the genotypic coefficient of variation (6.71%) value indicating that this trait was highly influenced by the environment. L5 showed the maximum (9.21 t/ha) yield per hectare and the minimum by in L10 (7.07 t/ha). Days to maturity showed high heritability (72.25%) coupled with low genetic advance (3.26) and moderate genetic advance in percentage of mean (2.38%). Yield per hectare exhibited high heritability (55.05%) conjunction with very low genetic advance (0.86) and genetic advance in percentage of mean (10.94%). Days to maturity showed significant and positive correlation with plant height (G=0.375*) at genotypic level suggested that if days to maturity increased the plant height also increased. It also exhibited significant and positive contribution with plant height (G=0.375, P=0.327) at both genotypic and phenotypic level and with number of effective tiller (P=0.034), total number of filled grain per panicle (P=0.001) at phenotypic level. Days to maturity showed significant negative association with thousand seed weight (G=-0.062, P=-0.141) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to maturity was negatively correlated (-0.548**) and had negative direct effect (-0.422) on yield per hectare. Thus, the lines L5, L8 and L9 would be suitable for release as high yielding boro rice variety for their short duration and high yielding characters.
EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES IN OVERCOMING THE CROSS INCOMPATIBILITY BARRIER OF Corchorus capsularis AND Corchorus olitorius Hybrids
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AFZAL, MD. MOSTAFA BIN
This research work was carried out for producing inter-species putative hybrids of two cultivated jute species Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius by applying phytohormones and evaluating hybrid performance. This study was organized and executed in two seasons, first season for producing inter-species putative hybrids through applying phytohormones and the second season the performances the of the putative hybrids were evaluated. Five varieties of C. capsularis and six varieties of C. olitorius were used for interspecies hybridization programme. The eleven parents and their fourteen inter-species putative hybrids were used for estimation of heterosis and character association study. Two hormone treatments, IAA and mixed hormones (GA 3 +NAA+Kinetin) were used to increase better embryo development and seed setting. Results showed that hormone treatments affected in fruit and seed setting. IAA gave better performance in seed setting and mixed hormones gave better performance in fruit setting. In case of the fruit setting, it was 41.21% in IAA and 46.0% in mixed hormones. While in case of seed setting, 13.80% in IAA and 7.33% in mixed hormones. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant variations among the performance of the parents and putative hybrids for the all the traits except base diameter and dry fiber weight. In case of hybrids, the higher heterosis value for plant height, base diameter, petiole length, root length, root weight, fresh weight with leaves, fresh weight without leaves, dry stick weight and dry fiber weight were 65.381% (OM-1 X CC-45), 36.065% (O-9897 X BJRI-2142), 34.444% (O-3820 X CVE-3), 48.995%( JRO-524 XCVL-1), 174.04% (O-9897 X BJRI-2142), 352.380% (O-72 X BJRI-2197), 347.27% (O-72 X BJRI-2197), 275.04%( O9897 X BJRI-2142) and 175.46% (JRO-524 XCVL-1) over better parent values respectively. In the correlation coefficient study, almost same result was observed in parents and interspecies putative hybrids at phenotypic levels. Correlation coefficient of the parents and interspecies hybrids clearly indicated that plant height, base diameter, petiole length, root length, root weight, fresh weight with leaves, fresh weight without leaves, dry stick weight and dry fiber weight, characters have very high degree of positive relationships in all cases. Taking together, IAA hormones had more effect in overcoming the cross incompatibility barrier between two cultivated jute species. Again, considering all characters the highest mean performance and heterosis value was in found in O-72 X BJRI-2197 cross combination indicating this combination would give transgressive segregants in later generations.
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS OF BC 1 F 7 POPULATION IN Brassica napus L.
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AKTER, SIMA
Thirty genotypes from BC 1 F 7 populations of Brassica napus L. were evaluated to study the genetic variability, heritability with genetic advanced, correlation and path analysis based on yield and yield component traits. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during midNovember 2018 to mid-March 2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variations among the genotypes for all the traits studied. Mean difference studies showed significant values for all the traits among the genotypes. Comparatively phenotypic variances and PCV (Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation) were higher than the genotypic variances and GCV (Genotypic Coefficient of Variation) for all the characters studied. The highest PCV value was observed followed by seed yield per plant (31.20%) number of secondary branches per plant (25.39%) and 1000 seed weight (21.96%) and GCV values were followed by seed yield per plant (23.97%), number of secondary branches per plant (17.68%) and thousand seed weight (12.18%). High heritability values coupled with high genetic advances as percent of mean was noticed for seed yield per plant (37.94%) with heritability (59.04%) and secondary branches per plant (25.36%) with heritability (48.49%). The significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant was found in primary branches per plant (G=0.297, P=0.283), secondary branches per plant (G=0.260 P=0.293), siliqua per plan (G=0.589, P=0.489), seeds per siliqua (G=0.325, P=0.403) and 1000 seed weight (G=0.277, P=0.278). On the other hand, path analysis was exhibited the positive direct effects towards days to 50 % flowering (5.806), plant height (cm) (1.838), primary branches (3.067), siliqua length (cm) (0.789), seeds per siliqua (1.385) and 1000 seed weight (g) (1.102) where negative direct effect was recorded in days to 1 st flowering (-5.490), secondary branches per plant (-2.497), siliqua per plant (0.279). Based on the result of the study, according to seeds yield per plant and other agronomic performance genotypes G 13 (19.59), G 24 (17.20), G 19 (14.05), G 30 (13.19) and G 29 (15.13) can be used further for varietal improvement programs and development of higher-yielding variety.
EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC AND NUTRITIONAL TRAITS IN 5×5 HALF-DIALLEL POPULATION OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) FATEMA, MAHBUBA
The study was conducted through 5×5 diallel cross excluding reciprocals to evaluate the ten F 1 hybrids of tomato for different agronomic traits viz. days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of secondary branches, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, single fruit weight, fruit diameter, fruit length, days to first harvesting, yield per plant, shelf life, pericarp thickness, number of locules per fruit and nutritional traits viz. Vitamin-C content, brix percentage, titrable acidity percentage. To develop the F 1 hybrid lines, five parental genotypes were matted in 5×5 half-diallel fashion during the rabi season 2017-18 and then evaluated for their combining ability and heterosis over check variety, BARI hybrid tomato-4 and corresponding better parent at the research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207 during rabi season 2018-19. The experiment on evaluation of F 1 hybrids was laid in RCBD design using three replications. The significant differences among the genotypes were obtained for all of the traits studied in the experiment here. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant indicating the presence of additive as well as non-additive gene effects in governing the traits. The values of GCA were higher than the SCA values for all the traits except yield trait indicating the superiority of additive gene effects were more prominent for the inheritance of these traits. The parental lines P2 and P4 were proved to be the best general combiner for dwarf plant height, early flowering and early maturity while the parental lines P2 and P3 were proved to be the best general combiner for yield and yield related traits. The tested crosses P2×P5, P1×P3, and P3×P4 showed best specific combiner for yield and yield related traits. Again, three cross combinations viz. P1×P2, P1×P4 and P4×P5 showed best specific combiners for the traits of days to 1 harvesting. Cross combination P2×P5 exhibited highest 49.80% significant heterosis was followed by 40.16% in P1×P2 and 33.80% in P1×P3 over check variety for yield traits. In addition, five cross combinations viz. P1×P2, P1×P4, P2×P4, P4×P5, and P1×P3 showed desirable value for days of 1 st harvesting followed by yield contributing traits. Furthermore, two cross combinations viz. P1×P4 and P4×P5 were best nutritional traits. Considering the performance of SCA effects and heterosis, afore-mentioned crosses could be utilized for developing promising hybrid varieties as well as for exploiting hybrid potency.
EVALUATION OF SOME BOTTLE GOURD GENOTYPES IN RELATION TO YIELD AND ITS CONTRIBUTING TRAITS
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) RABBI, MD. FOZLE
The present investigation with seventeen genotypes of bottle gourd was conducted during Kharif season (March to September) in 2019 at the experimental field of Shere-Bangla Agricultural University. The experiment laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The main objective of the experiment was to evaluate the genotypes of bottle gourd in relation to yield and yield contributing characters. This helped to screen out the suitable bottle gourd genotypes for future breeding programme. Analysis of variance showed that mean sum of squares among genotypes was significant for all the traits. PCV were higher than the GCV for all the characters studied. Number of seed per fruit (98.06), number of primary branches (90.09), fruit length (87.57) and fruit weight (86.84) showed high heritability with high genetic advance. Correlation analysis revealed that fruit yield per plant showed the high positive and significant correlation with number of fruit per plant (g= 0.792, p= 0.797), fruit weight (g= 0.808, p= 0.713) and seed thickness (g= 0.655, p= 0.388) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. The path coefficient analysis revealed that positive and direct effect of fruit yield on days to first male flowering (0.006), days to first fruit harvest (0.067), number of fruit per plant (0.680), fruit length (0.043), fruit diameter (0.009) and fruit weight (0.602). The highest intra cluster distance was found in cluster-II (1.547). Among five clusters the highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster-II and cluster-III (14.771) and the lowest between cluster-III and cluster-IV (4.919).Considering diversity pattern, genetic status and other agronomic performance, genotype from cluster I, II and V might be considered better parents for crop improvement programme. Genotypes BG- Diana, BG- 6818, BG- Arosh, BG- 6309, BG- Tafsi and BG-6527 are recommended to use as parent in hybridization programme as they have variation in characters like days to first fruit harvest, number of fruits per plant, fruit weight, number of seed per fruit and fruit yield per plant.
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SEGREGATING GENERATION OF TOMATILLO (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) GENOTYPES BASED ON THEIR YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) TOMA, K. M. DIBA FARAH
An experiment was conducted at experimental field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2019 to March 2020 to analyze the genetic diversity of tomatillo genotypes. Ten genotypes were used for the study. G showed the highest yield among all other genotypes. Lowest DFF were found in G 12 7 . G gave the best result on number of fruits per plant among all other genotypes. Highest fruit weight found in G 7 10 . In case of DFF, number of CPP, FPP, FL, SPF and FW showed higher influence of environment for the expression of these characters. On the other hand, LL, LW, BPP, and FYPP showed least difference in phenotypic and genotypic variance suggesting additive gene action for the expression of the characters. Most of the characters under the present study exhibit the highest value of heritability. In general, most of the characters showed the genotypic correlation coefficient were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficient suggesting a strong inherent association between the characters under study. Significant positive correlation with yield was found in DFF, PH, CPP, FPP, FW and FD. Path coefficient analysis showed that single fruit weight had the positive correlation with fruit yield per plant. Coherently, this trait contributes to the yield through direct effect (0.547) indicating selection will be judicious and more effective for these characters in future breeding program. Selection should be applied for desired characters such as lowest days to first flowering in G 7 , increased number of fruits per plant in G10, highest fruit weight in G7 , fruit diameter and fruit length to develop high yielding varieties.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) GENOTYPES
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) DEVI, EAPSHITA
The experiment was conducted using thirty crossing genotypes and six parents in F 2 generation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under field condition for identifying their inter genotypic variability, correlation, path co-efficient and genetic diversity by considering their nineteen yield contributing characters at the experimental field of Shere-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. For all the characters the genotypes significantly different from each other. PCV was always higher than GCV for all the traits. High heritability was observed for the number of flower per cluster (84.93%), number of fruit per cluster (90.30%), number of fruit per plant (99.77%), individual fruit weight (99.61%), fruit length (91.84%), and yield per plant (93.16%). Positive correlation coefficient for both genotypic and phenotypic with yield was found for leaf width, individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, skin diameter and locule number. A positive direct effect on yield per plant for the characters, leaf length, leaf width, number of cluster per plant, number of flower per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, relative water content and P H was identified through path co-efficient analysis. The highest intercluster distance was observed between II and IV (14.738) and the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between I and V (3.681). The highest intra-cluster distances were observed in cluster III and the lowest intra-cluster distances were observed in cluster IV. Based on cluster mean and agronomic performance the genotypes G6×G1 showed the minimum days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering from cluster V. G6 showed the maximum number of cluster per plant from cluster II. G7×G1 showed maximum individual fruit weight from cluster IV. G6×G7 showed maximum fruit width and total soluble solids from cluster V and G9×G7 showed maximum yield per plant from cluster IV. Therefore, considering group distance and other agronomic performance these inter genotypic crosses might be suggested for future breeding program.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND CHARACTERS ASSOCIATION IN BOTTLE GOURD (Lagenaria siceraria L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) ISLAM, MD. AZIZUL
The experiment was carried out using seventeen genotypes of bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria L.) at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during March, 2019 to September, 2019. The main objective of the experiment was to measure the genetic variability among the genotypes for yield and yield related contributing characters in bottle gourd. It helps to select the desirable parents (genotypes) for developing new desired breeding populations. Among the genotypes, there were significant variations for all the traits studied here. It was observed that, the high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was related to 100 seed weight (28.61), number of seed per fruit (27.31), number of primary branches (26.46), fruit length (24.06), and yield per plant (21.62). On the other hand, the low genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) was observed for days to first male flowering (1.58), days to first fruit harvest (1.94), days to first female flowering (2.01), tendril length (5.54) and seed length (5.76). In all cases, it clearly indicated that, phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic variances. The highest heritability was found in 100 seed weight (81.48). But the low genetic advance in percent of mean was observed in days to first male flowering (1.65) which indicated the involvement of non-additive gene effects and these effects were responsible for the expression of this characters, such kind of traits might not be considered for selection. On the other hand, the high genetic advance in percent of mean was observed for 100 seed weight (53.21) and number of primary branches (48.73) per plant with high heritability which indicated the active involvement of additive gene control and selection for such kind of characters would be highly effective for genetic improvement. The highly significant positive correlation was found with days to first female flowering (0.960). The maximum direct contribution towards yield was fruit weight (0.879) followed by no of fruit per plant (0.861). The highest intra cluster distance was found in cluster I (0.992) and the lowest was found in cluster II (0.628). Among five clusters the highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and cluster II (0.364) and the lowest between cluster V and cluster III (0 .004). Considering all the characters related to yield along with associate characters, the genotypes Diana, BG- 7092 and BG- 6818 might be selected as the most promising genotypes for future breeding programme.
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS IN F 6 POPULATIONS OF Brassica napus L.
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) KHANAM, MST. AKLIMA
This research was carried out at experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, to study the variability, correlation, path analysis and genetic diversity during November 2018 to February 2019 growing seasons with 38 populations. The genotypes were found significantly variable for most of the characters. The maximum plant height was observed by the population G11. Maximum primary branches per plant G9. Comparatively phenotypic variances were higher than the genotypic variances for most of the characters studied. The high GCV value was observed for number of secondary branches per plant (27.20). Days to maturity (70.73) exhibited the highest value of heritability followed by seed yield per plant (67.69) while 1000 seed weight (12.49) exhibited the lowest value of heritability. High heritability with high genetic advance as percent of mean was noticed for secondary branch per plant (43.83), total siliqua per plant (33.52), seed yield per plant (30.96). The significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant was found in number of primary branches, total number of siliqua, days to maturity. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that days to 50% flowering (0.286), days to maturity (0.212), plant height (0.069), root length (0.164), primary branches (0.375), total siliqua per plant (0.383), siliqua length (0.067) and 1000 seed weight (0.082) had the positive direct effect on yield per plant. On the basis of cluster analysis, all the genotypes were classified in six clusters. The highest inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV (34.61). The lowest intercluster distance was observed between clusters IV and V (3.20). Considering group distance and other agronomic performance populations G9 (Nap205 x Nap2013), G16 (Nap248 x Nap9901), G23 (Nap9908 x Nap0130), G29 (Nap9905 x Nap2037), G30 (Nap248 x Nap2012) and G31 (Nap9906 x Nap2001) might be suggested for future breeding programme.
GENETIC DIVERSITY, CORRELATION AND PATH ANALYSIS IN STEM AMARANTH (Amaranthus lividus L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) MASUM, MD. ABDULLA AL
An experiment was conducted with the aim of assessments of genetic diversity, correlation and path analysis in stem amaranth (Amaranthus lividus L.).In this experiment thirty-seven stem amaranth genotypes were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Variability, mean performance, correlation matrix, path analysis and genetic diversity analysis was performed. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic variation. Phenotypic co-efficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic co-efficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters studied due to the influence of environment. High PCV and GCV was observed for plant gross weight, stem weight, ten leaf weight, plant height, stem height, stem diameter, number of branch per plant,number of leaves per branch, root shoot ratio, stem dry weight and plant weight without root indicating high variability among the genotypes and substantial scope of improvement in these traits in present material through selection. High heritability along with high genetic advance as percent of mean was observed for days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, ten leaf weight, stem diameter, number of branch, number of leaves per branch, stem dry weight and plant weight without root. Hence, these characters need to be given more importance in selection as these are expected to be controlled by additive genes.Correlation revealed that plant weight without root had positive association with days to first flowering, days to fifty percent flowering, plant gross weight, stem weight, plant height, stem height, leaf length, leaf breath and stem diameter both at phenotypic and genotypic level. So, selection based on these traits would give better response for the improvement in yield in stem amaranth. Path analysis revealed that days to first flowering, plant gross weight, stem weight, ten leaf weight, plant height, stem height, leaf length, leaf breadth, stem diameter, number of branch, root shoot ratio, stem dry weight and thousand seed weight had positive direct effect on plant weight without root indicating these were the main contributors to yield per plant. Considering this diversity pattern, genetic status and other agronomic performances, G26, G25, G34, G36, G32 and G35 may perform better parents for efficient hybridization programme and the characters, days to first flowering, stem weight, stem height, stem breadth, number of branch, stem dry weight and thousand seed weight contributed maximum divergence among the stem amaranth genotypes.
GENETIC VARIABILITY OF YIELD AND QUALITY CHARACTERS OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata L.)
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AKTER, MUNNI
An experiment was conducted to study the genetic variability analysis based on different yield contributing and quality traits of Mungbean genotypes in Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 and Bangladesh Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Bangladesh during Rabi season (2019). In case of morphological traits, analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the genotypes for all the characters. Number of pod per plant showed highest range of variation (53.67-16). That means wide range of variation present for this character .High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in percent of means were observed number of cluster per plant, number of pod per plant, pod length, number of seed per pod, thousand seed weight. The significant positive correlation with grain weight per plant was found in number of cluster per plant, number of pod per cluster, pod length, thousand seed weight at genotypic level and phenotypic level, number of pod per plant at phenotypic level. Path co-efficient analysis showed that number of per pod per plant, pod length, number of seed per pod, thousand seed weight had significant positive direct effects on yield. It had also significant positive correlation with yield. The maximum inter cluster distance was observed between the cluster I and V indicating genotypes from these two clusters if involved in hybridization may produce a wide spectrum of population. In case of eleven qualitative traits, the analysis of variances showed significant mean squares for different characters that indicated the presence of sufficient variation among the genotypes for all the characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance in percent of means were found for all traits. The significant positive correlation with protein percentage was found in fiber at genotypic and phenotypic level. Path co-efficient analysis showed that potassium %, and phosphorous % had direct positive effect on protein % and fiber had significant positive correlation with matter protein %. The highest inter genotypic distance was observed between G1 and G7. Considering group distance and other agro-morphological and qualitative performance, genotypes G4 and G6 found to be potential for future hybridization program in the response of increase yield and hybridization between G1 and G15 respond to increase nutrient content.
GENETIC VARIATION AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN F 9 POPULATION OF Brassica napus L.
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) RAHMAN, SOYABUR
A field experiment was conducted with 33 F population of Brassica napus L. at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to study the genetic variation and character association of F 9 population during November 2018 to February 2019. The population were found significantly different for all the characters studied. Phenotypic variances were comparatively higher than the genotypic variances for all the characters studied. days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, number of siliqua per plant, 1000 seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant showed high broad base heritability. The significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant was found in days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant and number of siliqua per plant. Path co-efficient analysis revealed that days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant, number of seeds per siliqua and 1000 seed weight (g) had the positive direct effect on yield per plant whereas, number of secondary branches per plant and siliqua length had the negative direct effect on yield per plant. In case of genetic diversity analysis the population were grouped into five clusters. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between clusters II and V and the maximum intra-cluster distance was found in cluster V. Considering group distance and performance population - G 1 (Nap-9908×Nap-9901), G 2 9 (Nap-9906×Nap-9901), G (Nap9905×Nap0130), G 6 (Nap-108×Nap-2066), G 7 (Nap-9908×Nap-0130), G (Nap108×Nap9901), G 20 (Nap-9901×Nap-2066), G (Nap-108×Nap-0130) and G 32 24 (Nap-9906×Nap-2066) could be considered suitable population for efficient hybridization in future.
GENETIC VARIATION AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS AMONG YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS OF WHEAT
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AMIN, BONNY
An experiment was carried out at the Research Field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh with 10 wheat varieties, sown in RCBD with 3 replications during November 2018 to March 2019. The purpose of this field experiment was to select the best varieties crossing for further research program. Analysis of variance showed significant differences among the varieties for all the traits. Days to maturity (0.84), plant height at maturity, (cm) (1.96), peduncle length (cm) (2.37), number of spikelet per spike (5.65), number of grains per spike (1.05) and grain yield per plant (g) (3.68) showed minimum difference between genotypic and phenotypic variance. Biomass/plot (g) showed high heritability (65.54) coupled with high genetic advance (370.17) and very high genetic advance (28.11) in percentage of mean. Correlation revealed that grain yield per plant had positive genotypic and phenotypic association with days to maturity (G = 0.996 and P = 0.832), number of productive tillers per plant (G = 0.444 and P = 0.336) and spike length (cm) (G = 0.761 and P = 0.111). Path analysis revealed that days to maturity (0.859), number of productive tillers per plant (0.078) and number of grains per spike (0.217) had positive direct effect on grain yield.
GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS UNDER MODERATE DROUGHT STRESS IN TOMATO
(DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) ROY, BIPLOB KUMAR
A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka- 1207, during the months of November 2018 to March 2019 observed the Genotypic differences of ten tomato genotypes under three different drought treatments. Two factorial experiment including ten tomato genotypes viz. G iv 1 (local variety), G 2 (BARI Tomato 16), G (BARI Tomato 3), G 4 (BARI Tomato 15), G 5 (BARI Tomato 2),G (BARI Tomato 18), G 7 (BARI Tomato 19), G 8 (BARI Tomato 14), G 9 6 (BARI Tomato 11), G (ROMA VF), and three drought treatments, T 1 (Control), T (15 days withholding of water) and T 3 2 (35 days withholding of water) were outlined in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The results showed that both the tomato genotypes and drought treatments had significant influence independently and dependently on agromorphogenic, physiological, antioxidant and nutritional traits of tomato plant. Almost all traits responded negatively as the drought level increased except days to first flowering, maturity, proline and brix (%). Regarding yield performance G 8 showed tolerance at moderate drought stress and G at severe drought stress. Regarding antioxidant and nutritional traits, G 5 for brix (%), G 9 ,G 10 for Vitamin-C content and G for lycopene content showed tolerance at moderate drought stress period and G 10 3 2 , G 3 ,G for prolonged and severe drought stress. These genotypes could be recommended to the farmers for cultivation in the drought prone areas of Bangladesh and also could be used in future hybridization or other gene transfer programmes.