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    SCREENING OF YIELD CONTRIBUTING TRAITS OF CHILLI (Capsicum sp.) GENOTYPES AGAINST SALINITY
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) SAMIM, MD. ABU IBNE ANAS
    Salinity stress is one of the major threat of agricultural production. A pot experiment was conveyed at the experimental net house of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Sher-e Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November to April, 2019 to investigate the effect of Salinity stress on the growth, physiology and yield and the mollification capacity of Salinity in Chilli on different genotypes. The genotypes were DEB 1302 (G 1 ), Bogra Zhal Morich, (G 2 ), Bogra Special Morich (G 3 ), Black Lady (G 4 ), CO 525 G59 SRC04 (G 6 ), SRC07 (G 7 ), SRC03 (G 8 ), SRC06 (G 9 ) and SRC10 (G 10 ) Three salinity treatments viz. T 1 (control), T 2 (4 dS/m, mild salinity), T 3 (8 dS/m, moderate salinity), The genotypes were collected from genetics and plant breeding department and treatments were T 1 (control), T 2 (4 dS/m, T 3 (8dS/m). Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications was followed in both experiments Salinity treatment affected almost all traits of chilli negatively except days to first flowering, first fruit setting, relative water content and chlorophyll content. Early flowering (38.00 DAT) was found in G 9 and early fruit setting (51.55 DAT) was found in G6 at moderate and severe salinity respectively. Phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic variance for all the characters under all the treatments. Phenotypic coefficient of variation and genotypic co-efficient of variation was high in all the characters except number of branches per plant under T 2 treatment and fruits diameter (mm) under T 2 and T 3 treatments. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean was found in days to first flowering, days to first fruit setting, root length, number of leaves per plant under all the treatments indicated that this characters are controlled by the additive gene action and direct selection may be effective through this characters. From the research findings of salinity experiment, the following could be recommended G 9 could be suggested for early flowering and fruit setting for mild to moderate saline prone area G 7 could be suggested for maximum leaf area, number of branches per plant, fruit diameter at mild to moderate saline prone area G 6 could be suggested for yield per plant, number of fruit per plant and maximum number of leaves per plant higher for mild to moderate saline prone area.
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    CHARECTERIZATION AND VARIABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOME ADVANCED LINES OF FINE GRAIN BORO RICE (Oryza sativa L.)
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) SHARMA, BIDYUT PRAVA DEB
    The experiment was conducted to characterize some advanced lines of fine grain boro rice and to determine the variability among these lines during the period of boro season (2018-2019) at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. These advanced lines of fine grain boro rice were characterized for 15 quantitative and 17 qualitative traits. Variability study was carried out on 15 parameters to select the best lines for further trial. Among the qualitative characteristics, variation was observed in leaf color, leaf sheath: anthocyanin color, flag leaf: attitude of the blade, lemma and palea: anthocyanin color, stem: anthocyanin coloration of internodes, spikelet: color of the tip of lemma, panicle: awns in the spikelet, panicle exertion, grain color and culm habit. Among the quantitative characteristics- time of heading, stem: culm diameter, days to maturity, grain length, decorticated grain length showed difference for all the lines. In case of variability study all the characters showed significant result. Phenotypic variance was higher than the genotypic variance for all the characters indicating environmental effect presence on these characters. High phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was found in unfilled grain/plant and days to 80% maturity. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance and genetic advance in percentage of mean was found in primary branch/panicle, spikelet/panicle, filled grain/plant and unfilled grain/plant which indicated that additive gene expression on this character. Character association analysis indicating that yield/plant had highest significant positive correlation with thousand seed weight (g) in both genotypic and phenotypic level indicating the importance of these trait in selection for increasing yield. Most of the lines showed higher no. of effective tillers, long panicles with higher no. of grains/panicle which would be the agronomic superiority. The average panicle length was 24.83 cm and mean total no. grain was 179.31 per panicle which contributed to an average yield of 36.97 g per plant. Five lines viz. L1, L2, L3, L6 and L7 showed extra-long fine rice grain character. The highest yield was observed in L10 (7.70 t/ha), L8 (7.50 t/ha) and L5 (7.40 t/ha) comparing with the check varieties. So, the best lines viz. L5, L8 and L10 which could be used for further trial in future to follow the release procedure in respect of time and yield.
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    GENETIC DIVERSITY AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum L.) GENOTYPES
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) DEVI, EAPSHITA
    The experiment was conducted using thirty crossing genotypes and six parents in F 2 generation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) under field condition for identifying their inter genotypic variability, correlation, path co-efficient and genetic diversity by considering their nineteen yield contributing characters at the experimental field of Shere-Bangla Agriculture University, Dhaka, Bangladesh. For all the characters the genotypes significantly different from each other. PCV was always higher than GCV for all the traits. High heritability was observed for the number of flower per cluster (84.93%), number of fruit per cluster (90.30%), number of fruit per plant (99.77%), individual fruit weight (99.61%), fruit length (91.84%), and yield per plant (93.16%). Positive correlation coefficient for both genotypic and phenotypic with yield was found for leaf width, individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, skin diameter and locule number. A positive direct effect on yield per plant for the characters, leaf length, leaf width, number of cluster per plant, number of flower per plant, individual fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, relative water content and P H was identified through path co-efficient analysis. The highest intercluster distance was observed between II and IV (14.738) and the lowest inter-cluster distance was observed between I and V (3.681). The highest intra-cluster distances were observed in cluster III and the lowest intra-cluster distances were observed in cluster IV. Based on cluster mean and agronomic performance the genotypes G6×G1 showed the minimum days to first flowering and days to 50% flowering from cluster V. G6 showed the maximum number of cluster per plant from cluster II. G7×G1 showed maximum individual fruit weight from cluster IV. G6×G7 showed maximum fruit width and total soluble solids from cluster V and G9×G7 showed maximum yield per plant from cluster IV. Therefore, considering group distance and other agronomic performance these inter genotypic crosses might be suggested for future breeding program.
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    EFFECT OF PHYTOHORMONES IN OVERCOMING THE CROSS INCOMPATIBILITY BARRIER OF Corchorus capsularis AND Corchorus olitorius Hybrids
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AFZAL, MD. MOSTAFA BIN
    This research work was carried out for producing inter-species putative hybrids of two cultivated jute species Corchorus capsularis and Corchorus olitorius by applying phytohormones and evaluating hybrid performance. This study was organized and executed in two seasons, first season for producing inter-species putative hybrids through applying phytohormones and the second season the performances the of the putative hybrids were evaluated. Five varieties of C. capsularis and six varieties of C. olitorius were used for interspecies hybridization programme. The eleven parents and their fourteen inter-species putative hybrids were used for estimation of heterosis and character association study. Two hormone treatments, IAA and mixed hormones (GA 3 +NAA+Kinetin) were used to increase better embryo development and seed setting. Results showed that hormone treatments affected in fruit and seed setting. IAA gave better performance in seed setting and mixed hormones gave better performance in fruit setting. In case of the fruit setting, it was 41.21% in IAA and 46.0% in mixed hormones. While in case of seed setting, 13.80% in IAA and 7.33% in mixed hormones. The analysis of variance showed that there were significant variations among the performance of the parents and putative hybrids for the all the traits except base diameter and dry fiber weight. In case of hybrids, the higher heterosis value for plant height, base diameter, petiole length, root length, root weight, fresh weight with leaves, fresh weight without leaves, dry stick weight and dry fiber weight were 65.381% (OM-1 X CC-45), 36.065% (O-9897 X BJRI-2142), 34.444% (O-3820 X CVE-3), 48.995%( JRO-524 XCVL-1), 174.04% (O-9897 X BJRI-2142), 352.380% (O-72 X BJRI-2197), 347.27% (O-72 X BJRI-2197), 275.04%( O9897 X BJRI-2142) and 175.46% (JRO-524 XCVL-1) over better parent values respectively. In the correlation coefficient study, almost same result was observed in parents and interspecies putative hybrids at phenotypic levels. Correlation coefficient of the parents and interspecies hybrids clearly indicated that plant height, base diameter, petiole length, root length, root weight, fresh weight with leaves, fresh weight without leaves, dry stick weight and dry fiber weight, characters have very high degree of positive relationships in all cases. Taking together, IAA hormones had more effect in overcoming the cross incompatibility barrier between two cultivated jute species. Again, considering all characters the highest mean performance and heterosis value was in found in O-72 X BJRI-2197 cross combination indicating this combination would give transgressive segregants in later generations.
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    COMPARATIVE TRIAL AMONG TEN ADVANCED LINES OF BORO RICE
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AFROZE, JANNATUL
    The investigation was carried out under the field condition to characterize and study variability among the ten advanced boro rice lines (F9 genotypes) during the period of boro season (2017-2018) at the experimental field of Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Variability study are carried out on twelve parameters to select the best lines for further trial. Among all the quantitative character number of effective tillers per plant, time of maturity, thousand grain weight and yield showed difference in all the lines which showed better agronomic performance. The highest days to maturity was observed in L8 (141 days) and the minimum days to maturity was observed in L5 (134 days). Phenotypic variance for number of total tillers per plant showed (3.26) was higher than genotypic variance (0.68) indicating moderate environmental influence on these characters and high difference between the phenotypic coefficient of variation (12.94%) and the genotypic coefficient of variation (6.71%) value indicating that this trait was highly influenced by the environment. L5 showed the maximum (9.21 t/ha) yield per hectare and the minimum by in L10 (7.07 t/ha). Days to maturity showed high heritability (72.25%) coupled with low genetic advance (3.26) and moderate genetic advance in percentage of mean (2.38%). Yield per hectare exhibited high heritability (55.05%) conjunction with very low genetic advance (0.86) and genetic advance in percentage of mean (10.94%). Days to maturity showed significant and positive correlation with plant height (G=0.375*) at genotypic level suggested that if days to maturity increased the plant height also increased. It also exhibited significant and positive contribution with plant height (G=0.375, P=0.327) at both genotypic and phenotypic level and with number of effective tiller (P=0.034), total number of filled grain per panicle (P=0.001) at phenotypic level. Days to maturity showed significant negative association with thousand seed weight (G=-0.062, P=-0.141) at both genotypic and phenotypic level. Path coefficient analysis revealed that days to maturity was negatively correlated (-0.548**) and had negative direct effect (-0.422) on yield per hectare. Thus, the lines L5, L8 and L9 would be suitable for release as high yielding boro rice variety for their short duration and high yielding characters.
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    COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN F POPULATIONS DERIVED FROM 6×6 HALF DIALLEL CROSS OF MUSTARD (Brassica rapa)
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) CHAKRABORTY, SHIKHA
    The experiment was conducted to evaluate the fifteen F 1 lines derived from 6×6 half diallel cross of Brassica rapa for yield and yield components. Six (6) parents of mustard were mated using half 6×6 diallel fashion during Rabi season 2017-18 and then evaluated the combining ability and heterosis of fifteen F 1 hybrids over two check varieties BARI sharisha-14 (CV1) and local variety Maghi (CV2) at research farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during Rabi season 2018-19. The analysis of mean performance showed that the hybrid combination P2×P6 (80.00) matured with the lowest growth duration, while the cross P1×P4 and P4×P6 had taken the longest duration. The hybrid P3×P5 produced the highest number of seeds per silique, while P2×P4 produced the lowest number of seeds per silliqua. The heaviest or the boldest seeds were produced by the hybrid P3× P5 (4.00 g). Again, the highest seed yield per plant was observed in the hybrid P1×P3 (7.40 g), while the lowest seed yield per plant was observed in hybrid P2 ×P4 (2.33 g). The variances for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were found significant for all the characters which indicated that both type of gene actions such as additive and non-additive were involved for the controlling of yield and yield related characters in the hybrid progenies. GCA variances were higher in magnitude than SCA for all the characters except no. of primary branches per plant, number of siliqua per plant and seed yield per plant indicating the superiority of non-additive or dominant gene effects for the inheritance of these traits. The analysis of GCA revealed that parents P1, P3 and P5 were the best general combiner for yield related character, while parents P6 and P1 for earliness and tall plant type. The SCA analysis revealed that crosses P1×P3, P2×P6 and P4×P6 exhibited maximum positive effects for yield related characters. In heterosis analysis, the test hybrid combinations viz., P1×P2, P1×P6, P2×P3, P2×P4, P2×P5, P2×P6, P3×P4, P3×P6, P4×P5, P4×P6 and P5×P6 manifested the negative significant heterosis over CV1 but none of the crosses showed significant negative heterosis over CV2 as well as over their better parent for days to first flowering. Again, none of the crosses showed significant negative heterosis over CV1 and BP for days to maturity. The cross combinations viz., P1×P3, P1×P5 and P1×P6 showed positive standard heterosis over CV1 and CV2 for yield and yield contributing characters such as siliqua length, no. of seeds per siliqua, thousand seeds weight and seed yield per plant. Interestingly, only hybrid P1×P3 showed standard hetersosis over both the check varieties for seed yield. Considering the standard heterosis for yield and yield attributes, the tested hybrids viz., P1×P2, P1×P3 and P1×P5 might be selected as superior B. rapa hybrid lines. Moreover, the hybrid lines viz., P1×P4, P2×P5, P2×P6, P3×P4, P3×P5, P3×P6, P4×P5 and P4×P6 could also be selected as potential lines because these hybrids could produce transgressive segregants in advanced or later generations.
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    ESTIMATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS OF BC 1 F 7 POPULATION IN Brassica napus L.
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) AKTER, SIMA
    Thirty genotypes from BC 1 F 7 populations of Brassica napus L. were evaluated to study the genetic variability, heritability with genetic advanced, correlation and path analysis based on yield and yield component traits. The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during midNovember 2018 to mid-March 2019. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed significant variations among the genotypes for all the traits studied. Mean difference studies showed significant values for all the traits among the genotypes. Comparatively phenotypic variances and PCV (Phenotypic Coefficient of Variation) were higher than the genotypic variances and GCV (Genotypic Coefficient of Variation) for all the characters studied. The highest PCV value was observed followed by seed yield per plant (31.20%) number of secondary branches per plant (25.39%) and 1000 seed weight (21.96%) and GCV values were followed by seed yield per plant (23.97%), number of secondary branches per plant (17.68%) and thousand seed weight (12.18%). High heritability values coupled with high genetic advances as percent of mean was noticed for seed yield per plant (37.94%) with heritability (59.04%) and secondary branches per plant (25.36%) with heritability (48.49%). The significant positive correlation with seed yield per plant was found in primary branches per plant (G=0.297, P=0.283), secondary branches per plant (G=0.260 P=0.293), siliqua per plan (G=0.589, P=0.489), seeds per siliqua (G=0.325, P=0.403) and 1000 seed weight (G=0.277, P=0.278). On the other hand, path analysis was exhibited the positive direct effects towards days to 50 % flowering (5.806), plant height (cm) (1.838), primary branches (3.067), siliqua length (cm) (0.789), seeds per siliqua (1.385) and 1000 seed weight (g) (1.102) where negative direct effect was recorded in days to 1 st flowering (-5.490), secondary branches per plant (-2.497), siliqua per plant (0.279). Based on the result of the study, according to seeds yield per plant and other agronomic performance genotypes G 13 (19.59), G 24 (17.20), G 19 (14.05), G 30 (13.19) and G 29 (15.13) can be used further for varietal improvement programs and development of higher-yielding variety.
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    GENETIC ANALYSIS OF SEGREGATING GENERATION OF TOMATILLO (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) GENOTYPES BASED ON THEIR YIELD AND YIELD CONTRIBUTING CHARACTERS
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) TOMA, K. M. DIBA FARAH
    An experiment was conducted at experimental field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2019 to March 2020 to analyze the genetic diversity of tomatillo genotypes. Ten genotypes were used for the study. G showed the highest yield among all other genotypes. Lowest DFF were found in G 12 7 . G gave the best result on number of fruits per plant among all other genotypes. Highest fruit weight found in G 7 10 . In case of DFF, number of CPP, FPP, FL, SPF and FW showed higher influence of environment for the expression of these characters. On the other hand, LL, LW, BPP, and FYPP showed least difference in phenotypic and genotypic variance suggesting additive gene action for the expression of the characters. Most of the characters under the present study exhibit the highest value of heritability. In general, most of the characters showed the genotypic correlation coefficient were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlation coefficient suggesting a strong inherent association between the characters under study. Significant positive correlation with yield was found in DFF, PH, CPP, FPP, FW and FD. Path coefficient analysis showed that single fruit weight had the positive correlation with fruit yield per plant. Coherently, this trait contributes to the yield through direct effect (0.547) indicating selection will be judicious and more effective for these characters in future breeding program. Selection should be applied for desired characters such as lowest days to first flowering in G 7 , increased number of fruits per plant in G10, highest fruit weight in G7 , fruit diameter and fruit length to develop high yielding varieties.
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    VARIABILITY OF SHELF LIFE AND SOME QUALITY TRAITS OF TOMATILLO FRUIT (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) ESTIMATED FROM F2 GENERATION
    (2020) ISLAM, MD. MOSABBIRUL
    An experiment was conducted at experimental field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Bangladesh during the period from October 2018 to April 2019 to analyze the diversity of tomatillo genotypes in their qualitative traits. Eighteen genotypes were used for the study. Genotype G 5 showed the highest vit-C among all genotypes whereas highest days of shelf life was found in G 7 . G 10 gave the best result on lycopene content followed by rest of the genotypes and highest brix percentage was found in G 10 . G 8 showed highest amount of non-reducing sugar and G 1 showed highest amount of reducing sugar. High to moderate GCV and PCV values were shown by all the characters except total sugar (%) that showed low GCV and PCV values. Vit-C had significant and positive correlation with shelf life (r=0.523**) and brix (r=0.355*). This indicates that if Vit-C will increase, shelf life and brix will increase as same degree. Considering higher heritability and higher genetic advance selection of genotype based on pH value, Vit-C, brix, lycopene at 472nm, total sugar and non-reducing sugar would be more satisfactory. The highest positive direct effect was observed in shelf life can be used as either direct or indirect selection criteria to improve brix percentage and other traits those are positively associated with it. Selecting plants with higher shelf life of fruits will increase other associated qualitative traits specially fruit brix. There was moderate level of variation present among eighteen genotypes of tomatillo due to low inter genotypic distance. Considering the quality performance of tomatillo genotypes G 5 could be selected for higher Vit-C, G 7 could be selected for higher shelf life and G 8 could be selected for higher non-reducing sugar. Highest Brix percentage as well as Lycopene contents belongs to G 10 genotype.
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    SCREENING OF CHILLI (Capsicum spp.) GENOTYPES BASED ON AGROMORPHOGENIC AND PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS AGAINST DROUGHT
    (DEPARTMENT OF GENETICS AND PLANT BREEDING, 2020) ISLAM, MD. MUJAHIDUL
    A pot experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka1207, during the months of November 2018 to March 2019 to observe the performances of ten chilli genotypes under three different drought treatments. Two factorial experiment included 10 chilli genotypes viz. G 1 (Surjamukhi IMP), G 3 (HP 1029), G 4 xiv (SRCO 1), G 5 (SRCO 2), G 6 (SRCO 9), G 7 (SRCO 13), G 8 (CO 613), G 9 (SRCO 5) and G 10 (Hot morich of Bogura) and three drought treatments viz. T 1 (Control), T 2 (20 days withholding of water) and T 3 (40 days withholding of water) were outlined in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The results showed that both, the different chilli genotypes and drought treatments had significant influence independently and also in interaction on agromorphogenic, physiological and nutritional traits of chilli plant. Among interactions of chilli genotypes and drought treatments, the tallest plant (117.33 cm) was observed in G 10 T 1 whereas the shortest plant (26.00 cm) was found from G 7 , maximum number of fruits (93.67 /plant) were obtained from G 10 T 1 whereas minimum number of fruits (0.00 /plant) was found in G 8 T 3 , Maximum yield (0.12 kg/plant) was obtained from while minimum yield (0.00 kg/plant) from G 8 , Maximum proline content in chilli (684.94 µg/g) was obtained from G 2 while minimum (227.19 µg/g) from G 2 T 1 and the highest % Brix content as obtained from G 3 T 2 (3.63 %), G 3 T 3 (3.63 %) and G 5 T 3 (3.63 %) whereas the lowest % Brix was found in G 4 T 1 (1.00 %) and G 1 T 1 (1.00 %). Almost all traits responded negatively as the drought level increased except days to first flowering, maturity, proline and brix (%). Considering the yield and yield contributing characters, genotype G 1 , G 2 and G 8 showed tolerance at moderate drought stress and G 1 and G 2 showed tolerance at prolonged and severe drought stress. Regarding nutritional traits, G 4 showed tolerance at moderate drought stress period and G 1 and G 4 showed tolerance at prolonged and severe drought stress. These genotypes could be recommended to the farmers for cultivation in the drought prone areas of Bangladesh and also could be used in future hybridization or other gene transfer programs.