Production Report
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Item A Report on Economic analysis and supply chain of backyard pig rearing in Tribal households of Rangamati District(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) Chakma, ApurbaThis study investigates the economic analysis of pig farming on the livelihoods of tribal women at the Bilaichari Upazila of Rangamati district. The aim of the study is assessing how pig rearing improves the economic status of tribal women and enhances their knowledge of pig husbandry practices. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire using purposive sampling technique. The research employs a descriptive and econometric statistical analysis to evaluate the socio-economic characteristics and the profitability of pig farmers. The findings reveal most of the farmers are from Chakma community (66%) and 22% and 12% are from Tanchangya and Marma community, respectively. 72% of pig farmers are from age range of 21-30 and 31-40 which indicates participation young population in pig farming. The study shows that net return and gross margin were Tk.4836.8 and Tk.19332.12, respectively indicating profit of the farm. A benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of 3.14 for full costs and 3.09 for cash costs basis, indicating that pig farming is economically profitable and sustainable in the region. Additionally, the study highlights the significant challenges faced by farmers, which could hinder the growth and sustainability of pig farming. The study concludes that pig farming plays an important role in improving the livelihoods of tribal women. Govt and non govt agencies should take further support for development and, enhance this sector sustainable and profitable.Item A Cohort Study on the Health and Reproductive Success of Red Kangaroos (Macropus rufus) in Chattogram Zoo: Seasonal, Behavioral, and Antimicrobial Resistance Insights(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) Mya, UayeItem AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS ON BLACK BENGAL GOAT FARMING SYSTEM IN MYMENSINGH DISTRICT(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-08) DAS, TOPU KANTIThe goal of this study was to determine the farm profitability, production and reproduction performances, identifying problems and policy recommendations for sustainable Black Bengal goats farming practices in 3 selected Upazillas (Mymensingh Sadar, Trishal, and Muktagacha upazilla) under the Mymensingh district. In total 45 goat rearers was selected to collect necessary information through a questionnaire directly by myself during my internship placement at ULDC. Primary information about goat owners was the total number of goats, birth information, the fate of male offspring, the weight of the offspring, the breeding system, the size of the litter, the kid mortality rate, and some management parameters on goat and goat rearing system under rural condition were all included in the questionnaire. The average number of goats in the Mymensingh district was determined90% of the goats being does and 10% being bucks. Due to unpleasant smells and challenging handling, the majority of farmers castrated the male children instead of keeping them.The majority of farmers rely on natural mating, whereby does are selected by traveling a considerable distance. There was no discernible variation in the goat’s performance among the study areas. The mean body weights of 3 to 6 months age of female goats at 3.77±0.30 and 8.8±0.15 kg, respectively, were reported. Depending onthe amount of their land and number of reared goats the farmers were divided into three categories as landless, small, and marginal. However, the research found enterprising cost per farm accounted as BDT 50,875.00 for small farmers the highest total cost. Landless farmers came in second highest with BDT 37,900.00, and marginal farmers with BDT 34,500.00. It was found that average gross return landless farmers (BDT 18,100.00) and marginal farmers (BDT 20,500.00) had the lowest gross returns per farm, with small farmers receiving the most, BDT 33,125.00. The study also revealed that, the net profit per goat, marginal farmers made the least amount (BDT 1464.28), landless farmers made the most (BDT 1645.45), and small farmers made the most (BDT 2695.31).Finally make policy recommendations for improving the Black Bengal goat rearing practices as a profitable agribusiness in the rural areas in Bangladesh. This investigation also made it clear that there is a severe lack of Black Bengal breeding bucks in rural areas, which may be indicative of the condition throughout the nation.Item The raising and management practices of pet animal (Cat-Felis catus) in the Khulna Metropolitan area(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) ISLAM RONY, MD ATIQULThis study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the housing, nutrition, hygiene, breeding, and disease management practices of 20 domesticated pet cats in the Khulna Metropolitan region from April2024 to June 2024. For data collection, utilized a structured questionnaire designed, to gather insights into cat care and management practices, followed by rigorous data analysis. Geographic distribution included 40% from Rupsha, 30% from Boyra, 20% from Nirala, and 10% from Bagmara thana. Gender distribution among the cats was 40% female and 60% male, with breed composition consisting of 20% Persian and 80% local breeds. Body Condition Scores (BCS) revealed that 60% of cats scored four, 30% scored three, and 10% scored two. The majority of cats were between one and two years old (70%). Housing conditions were generally satisfactory, with good drainage, ventilation, and cleanliness observed in most cases. Disease prevention efforts were notable, with 55% of cats receiving vaccinations and 45% undergoing anthelmintic treatment. Importantly, 80% of the cats had no recorded mortality history. This study provides valuable insights into current practices in cat care and highlights areas for potential improvement in feline welfare management.Item Evaluation of Owner Satisfaction Following Biofel PCH Vaccination of Cats in SAQTVH and TTPHRC(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-09) Khalequzzaman, FaysalBiofel PCH vaccination of cats related study was conducted directly at the S. A. Quadery Teaching Veterinary Hospital (SAQTVH) of CVASU and Teaching and Training Pet Hospital and Research Center (TTPHRC) of CVASU. Data was collected through questionnaire forms. Because one of the most important measures in preventing and controlling cats’ infectious diseases is vaccination. So, it is important to evaluate owners' satisfaction on cats’ vaccinations. The goal of the current study was to identify parameters that were related to the Biofel PCH vaccination status of cats in Bangladesh and to determine respondents' satisfaction toward vaccination guidelines . A total of 81 questionnaires were statistically analyzed. Only 52% of cats were found to have received the Biofel PCH vaccination, despite the fact that 81% of the owners were aware that their cats were susceptible to infectious diseases. Therefore, it is clear that owners did not give their cats adequate attention. So, our cats are not protected against different infectious diseases. Along with other factors, the Biofel PCH vaccination rate is also affected by issues such as high costs, long travel times, difficult transportation, inappropriate clinic hours, and lengthy waiting times etc. In order to increase cats’ protection against infectious diseases, owner’s awareness should be increased as well as availability of the Biofel PCH vaccine should be increased so that others negative factors such as high cost will be reduced.Item Impact of Temperature-Humidity Index and heat reducing management practices on Milk Production at some selected areas of Bangladesh(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) Rahman Sakib, HasiburThe very essence of ensuring wholesomeness and availability of milk is a matter of the consumers’ health and food safety in Bangladesh. This research examines the impact of Temperature Humidity Index (THI) on milk production in some chosen farms in the area of Patiya Upazila, Chattogram, Bangladesh in the months of January, February, March, and April of 2024. The major findings were to see the impact of the Temperature Humidity Index on the milk yield in HF crossbreed cows and to compare the sensitivity of different farms to THI with some management practices. Information was obtained through structured interviews and assessed with key information. The statistical tests applied include Pearson’s correlation test, the linear regression test, and the use of graphs using R (4.4.0). Nine farms were involved in the study, out of which only Farm A had provisions for heat stress management. It was observed that THI was high in April and lowest in January and the milk yield has depicted a decreasing trend for Farms B to I but constant in Farm A. Pooled Pearson ‘r’ values revealed the moderate negative relationship between THI and milk production in one of the farms (Farm A) and a very large negative correlation in other farms (Farms B to I). Therefore, it was found that high THI levels have a negative influence (r values close to -1) on the mean milk production in the study and the potential ways of ameliorating heat stress in dairy animals include regular showering, provision of fans, and air movement. Some of these practices were of great use in the fight against heat stress and steadiness of milk production. Thus, the realization of such practices is indicated to promote dependable milk production due to the effects of global warming. This study helps to each of the environmental factors affecting dairy farming most of all, the adverse consequences of high THI on the production as well as stressing the necessity for appropriate preventive measures like mechanical cooling. It is suggested to continue with the experimental trials to identify the efficacy of these strategies as separate steps and as combined measures to make dairy farming sustainable.Item Investigation into Calf Management Systems in Some Selected Dairy Farms of Dagonbhuiyan, Feni District in Bangladesh(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-12) FAISAL, ZAHIR UDDINA cross sectional study was carried out on the extant knowledge of dairy farmers on calf management in Daganbhuiyan Upazila, Feni. There was only one study conducted on dairy farms in three unions and one municipal region, using a set of questions on questionnaire. The farms were randomly selected and each farm was visited once and a face-to-face interview was conducted between March and May 2024. While 10 percent of these farmers had between 21 and 50 cow, most of them were very small-scale farmers, 50 percent had between 4 and 7 cows. Of the total farms observed 60% of the farms were facing south and 30% farms were facing north. Further, 50 % farmers had cemented floor and 55 % used rubber pad bedding but most of them did not have proper housing for calves. Concerning source of colostrum 60% of farmers fed their calves with colostrum up to 3 days after birth, 55% fed their calves 1 litre or less per day. In addition, 55% of the women breastfed their calves to 10 months while 60 percent introduced green grass and grain feed at five weeks. 95% born with a cut and the clean umbilical cord disinfected soon after delivery. Mean age of de-worming was at 4-5 weeks of age and 65% of the farms of vaccinating for various diseases; 60% of farms reported cases of calf scour during the study.Item COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF COMPANY LAYER FEED AND LOOSE LAYER FEED USING PROXIMATE ANALYSIS WITH AN EMPHASIS ON EGG PRODUCTION IN SOKHIPUR, TANGAIL REGION.(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) Moon, Sayma MahmudThe purpose of the study was to provide a comparative, close-to-analytical image of the market feed (CP & Nourish) and loose feed (Loose feed) used in Sakhipur, Tangail, Bangladesh, which are produced on the farm according to the needs of the hens. Given that one of the primary determinants of successful chicken farming is feed quality, an effort was made to compare commercial feed and loose feed manufactured by farmers. The feed was created using a layer-by-layer approach. The following composition of these feeds was revealed by proximate analysis: moisture, ether extracts (EE), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), nitrogen free extracts(NFE) and metabolizable energy (ME). Regarding the concentration of some nutrients, there were notable differences found in these meal samples. This experiment's results showed that the quality of market feeds used in area is better than loose feeds. The nutrients in loose feeds are far away from the standard. As a result, a marked deviation in term of production (HHEP,HDEP,Egg weight) are seen in loose feed & commercially available feed.Item A REPORT ON SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND OTHER FEATURES OF FARMERS IN SONAGAZI UPAZILA OF FENI DSTRICT IN BANGLADESH.(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-10) Khan, Md. OsmanIn Bangladesh, the livestock sector is crucial to the economy, contributing 1.85% of GDP and providing essential protein sources for rural households. Livestock farming is closely linked to the sociodemographic conditions of farmers, influenced by factors such as farm size, rearing types, and access to veterinary care. This study aims to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of livestock farmers in Sonagazi Upazila, assess animal health issues reported at the Upazila Veterinary Hospital (UVH), and identify constraints faced in animal rearing while proposing solutions to enhance livestock productivity. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing structured questionnaires administered to farmers visiting UVH. The findings indicate that a majority of the farmers are middle-aged (64.3%) and predominantly married (85.7%). Educational levels significantly impact animal management practices; higher education correlates with better veterinary care utilization and regular anthelmintic use. Alarmingly, 64.3% of farmers consult village doctors rather than qualified veterinarians, leading to issues such as incorrect treatment and increased animal mortality. Additionally, 71.4% of livestock products are kept for family consumption rather than for sale. This research underscores the urgent need for improved veterinary services, enhanced education, and financial support for small-scale farmers in Sonagazi Upazila. Targeted interventions, including training programs and increased access to microcredit, are essential to address the challenges faced by farmers, ultimately promoting sustainable livestock farming and improving livelihoods in the region.Item “Management and Production Performances of Buffaloes on Commercial Farms in Chandanaish and Anwara Upazila, Chattogram”(Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-12) Halim, Mohammad AbrarThe study was undertaken know the management system of buffaloes in coastal areas, and hill and plain land in semi-intensive and extensive rearing systems. With this purpose, the study was conducted for about 6 months through direct interviewing of farmers, farm visits, and data collection at Chandanaish and Anwara Upazila in the Chattogram region. A sample of 164 buffaloes were observed whereas 57 were milking buffalo to achieve the motives in the selected area. It was observed that the buffaloes are allowed to graze in the riverside areas in Anwara and hilly land in Chandanaish for the whole day and kept confined at night. They are given straw, sometimes green grass, and very few amounts of concentrate as feed supply other than grazing. The average milk production of a buffalo cow was noted as 2.75±0.64 liters per day. Other phenotypic traits like average body weight were 292.08 ± 5.55 kg. The gestation period remains similar at about 305 days in both systems and the average calf birth weight was 29.10 ± 2.73 kg. Other management activities, such as breeding methods, housing systems, feeding systems, animal diseases, vaccinations, and deworming status, were noted. Finally, it was concluded that the production status can be increased by proper management and by giving proper training to the farmers in that particular area.