A REPORT ON SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS AND OTHER FEATURES OF FARMERS IN SONAGAZI UPAZILA OF FENI DSTRICT IN BANGLADESH.

Abstract

In Bangladesh, the livestock sector is crucial to the economy, contributing 1.85% of GDP and providing essential protein sources for rural households. Livestock farming is closely linked to the sociodemographic conditions of farmers, influenced by factors such as farm size, rearing types, and access to veterinary care. This study aims to examine the sociodemographic characteristics of livestock farmers in Sonagazi Upazila, assess animal health issues reported at the Upazila Veterinary Hospital (UVH), and identify constraints faced in animal rearing while proposing solutions to enhance livestock productivity. A mixed-methods approach was employed, utilizing structured questionnaires administered to farmers visiting UVH. The findings indicate that a majority of the farmers are middle-aged (64.3%) and predominantly married (85.7%). Educational levels significantly impact animal management practices; higher education correlates with better veterinary care utilization and regular anthelmintic use. Alarmingly, 64.3% of farmers consult village doctors rather than qualified veterinarians, leading to issues such as incorrect treatment and increased animal mortality. Additionally, 71.4% of livestock products are kept for family consumption rather than for sale. This research underscores the urgent need for improved veterinary services, enhanced education, and financial support for small-scale farmers in Sonagazi Upazila. Targeted interventions, including training programs and increased access to microcredit, are essential to address the challenges faced by farmers, ultimately promoting sustainable livestock farming and improving livelihoods in the region.