Year 2021

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A STUDY ON FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE YIELD OF OFF- SEASON VEGETABLE CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) EBTIDA, FAIROZE GOUHAR
Brahmanbaria and Kishoregonj districts have been selected purposively as study area. The study was confined to only summer tomato and cauliflower. Simple random sampling technique has been used for collecting cross sectional data and information from a total of 100 farmers (summer tomato-50 and off-season cauliflower-50). All the collected data were summarized and scrutinized carefully to eliminate all possible errors. Data were presented mostly in the tabular form. Descriptive statistics like average, percentage etc. were followed to analyze the data to achieve the objectives of the study. Functional analysis was also adopted in a small scale to arrive at expected findings. A Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate the factors affecting the yield of vegetables. Cost items were identified as land preparation, human labour, seed, urea, TSP, MoP, manure, irrigation, insecticide, interest on operating capital and land use cost. All these cost were accounted for one production period of selected vegetables. Per hectare gross return of summer tomato and cauliflower were calculated at Tk. 1099395.00 and Tk. 615360.00, respectively. Net returns of summer tomato and cauliflower were calculated at Tk. 994353.40 and Tk. 455278.13 per hectare, respectively. Benefit Cost Ratios (BCRs) were found to be 10.47 and 3.84 for summer tomato and cauliflower, respectively. The net returns of summer tomato and cauliflower were found to be positive and the BCRs were greater than one, which showed that the cultivation of summer tomato and cauliflower were profitable. Production function analysis suggested that land preparation cost, human labour cost, seed, urea and TSP had a positive and significant effect on the yield of summer tomato and cauliflower. MoP and irrigation cost had insignificant effect on the yield of both crops and irrigation cost had a positive and significant effect on the yield of cauliflower. Cost of insecticides had negative but significant effect on the yield of summer tomato, and had a positive and significant effect on the yield of cauliflower. The Adjusted R 2 s were found to be 0.772752, and 0.853164 for summer tomato and cauliflower, respectively. The F-values of the estimated production functions of summer tomato and cauliflower were found to be significant at one percent level which implies good fit of the models.
ECONOMIC STUDY ON LENTIL AND MUNG BEAN PRODUCTION IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) SULTANA, MONIRA
Lentil and mung bean have been playing very crucial role to ensure food and nutrition security in Bangladesh. Presently, more than two-third of its annual demand are fulfilled by overseas imports. Besides proper utilization of domestic resources, to achieve self-sufficiency, national production enhancement of these pulses has been emphasized. This study was conducted in Madaripur and Faridpur district of Bangladesh to estimate the financial and economic profitability of lentil and mung bean cultivation and to assess its comparative advantage in domestic production. Required primary data for this study were collected from 120 respondents during March to April, 2021. To analyze data, descriptive statistics and policy analysis matrix (PAM) were applied. Findings of the study reveals that per hectare yield of lentil and mung bean were 1.22 and 0.81 metric ton (MT), respectively. Financial analysis shows that the net return of lentil and mung bean production were Tk. 41497 and Tk. 24626 per hectare with a benefit cost ratio (BCR) of 1.66 and 1.63, respectively. The economic profitability of lentil and mung bean production were Tk. 17001/MT and Tk. 13396/MT, respectively. Domestic resource cost (DRC) analysis reveals that both the lentil (DRC = 0.66) and mung bean (DRC = 0.72) had a comparative advantage in domestic production for import substitution. Policy analysis matrix under import parity price suggests also that government policies were favourable to the domestic producers. Findings of the ratio indicators under import parity condition (NPCO, NPCI, EPC and PCR) further show that existing policy environment tends to protect the interest of the lentil and mung bean producers at production level. So, numerous policy supports are there for the producers. For further achievement, government should strengthen the ongoing input and output supports. Input market monitoring, farmers awareness rising, technology oriented training and further research for successful adoption of pulse crops in between the rice based cropping patterns are also warranted.
FACTORS AFFECTING ADOPTION OF FARM MECHANIZATION IN RICE FARMING IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) NAEEM, ABIR MUHAMMAD
Rice is cultivated all the year round in Bangladesh. The sustainable growth of the agricultural sector critically depends on the adoption of improved, scale-appropriate and ecofriendly technologies which includes using scale-appropriate new agricultural machinery. The specific objective of the systemic study was to assess the socioeconomic profile of the rice farmers, to identify the factors affecting the adoption of farm mechanization for rice cultivation and to identify the constrains of adopting farm mechanization. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection from adopters and non-adopters of farm mechanization from the rice cultivators of several villages of Homna and Meghna upazila in Cumilla district. To understand the factors affecting farm mechanization, econometric models like logistic regression technique was used. Results from the study shows that majority of individuals were between the ages of 50 and 59 which is 33 percent of the population, among the population the bulk of farmers in each upazila have a 1-5 years of education who are 60 percent of the respondents. About 31 percent of the respondents got training where 69 percent didn’t and altogether 23 percent of the respondents had membership of different social and agricultural groups. A significant number (60 percent) of respondents had a medium experience level in case of adopter category. in case of non-adopter category 63.34 percent of respondents had a high experience level. On an average, about 48 percent of the respondents recieved extension contact when 52 percent did not. About 67 percent of the respondents had allowed women members in rice field from when 33 percent were not. Among the variables taken for estimating the adoption of farm mechanization, the most affecting and significant factors were education, farmer’s training and field visit by the extension workers. Poor buying capacity and lack of training act as major constraints which can be solved by proper financing and training programs.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF GERBERA FLOWER CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF JASHORE DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) AKTER, SHARMIN
Farmers are now profiting from Gerbera cultivation, but socioeconomic data and information about this flower are scarce in Bangladesh. The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the relative profitability, factors affecting gerbera cultivation, problems faced by the farmers in December 2020. The study area was chosen purposively, the two villages (Gadkhali and Panisara) at Jhikargachha upazila, under Jashore district. The use of both purposeful and simple random sampling technique were considered. A total of 100 gerbera growers were chosen at random for this study. The data in this study was analyzed using both descriptive and statistical tools (Excel, SPSS, and STATA). After analyzing the data per hectare total cost, gross return, gross margin and net return were Tk. 552847, Tk. 1920042, Tk. 904168 and Tk. 1367195 respectively. Gerbera production was highly profitable in the study area. The benefit cost ratios was 3.47. Human labor, seedling, urea, zinc sulphate and irrigation in the gerbera production were significant in explaining the yield (stick per ha) except the insignificant effects of organic manure, TSP and insecticides. The coefficient with expected sign indicated that the selected inputs contribute positively to the yield. Returns to scale was 0.97. From the problem confrontation index it was found that 98 percent of the farmers confronted natural calamities as 1 st ranked and 86 percent confronted huge investment in production as 2 nd ranked problem. Lack of technical knowledge, lack of cold storage, unavailability of indigenous production materials and inadequate credit facilities were major issues in gerbera cultivation. The government should take the necessary measures to address these issues. Therefore, it is needed to emphasis dissemination activities of technologies (varietal, production etc.) and government support to encourage the farmer in Gerbera cultivation.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND FACTORS AFFECTING MUSTARD PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF PABNA DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) CHAITY, KAUMUDI PROVA
Mustard is one of the most important oil crop in Bangladesh. The present study was conducted to estimate the financial profitability and factors affecting mustard production in selected areas of Pabna district. Two union named Pakshi and Sahapur in Ishwardi upazilla were purposively selected for the study. Total number of samples for the study were 75, which were selected through simple random sampling. Primary data were collected during the period of January to February, 2021. Financial profitability and CobbDauglas production function model were used to achieve the main objectives of the study. The study's main findings demonstrate that mustard farming is profitable. The total cost of output per hectare was Tk. 69595.83. The gross return and net return per hectare were Tk. 92313.26 and Tk. 22717.43 respectively. Mustard yield per hectare was found to be 1711.62 kg. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was discovered to be 1.33, implying that a taka invested in mustard production yielded Tk. 1.33 in return. Returns to scale was increasing in the Cobb-Dauglas production function. Human labor, seed, TSP, and insecticide had a positive and significant effect on Mustard yield, according to the study. The study identified some of the most serious issues that mustard farmers mentioned. Financial limits, technical issues, natural problems, and marketing issues have all been identified as obstacles for mustard farmers. The most important financial challenges are the high wage rate and increased input prices. Harvesting and drying problems are the most serious technical problems in the study area. The majority of farmers recognized temperature fluctuations and seasonal variation as a critical natural problem. Transportation problem is the most prominent of the marketing issues. Hence, some suggestions were given to tackle the challenges faced by the farmers. These are; availability of all necessary inputs at a reasonable price should be ensured, a government procurement center might be set up to purchase mustard from farmers at a set price, DAE should improve the field level service provided by field workers (SAAOs) in order to provide farmers with accurate information, suggestions and advice on mustard growing etc.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF JUTE CULTIVATION IN MADARIPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) FERDOUS, JANNATUL
The present study was conducted to estimate financial profitability & resource use efficiency of Jute production in Madaripur district of Bangladesh. Two villages of Madaripur district under Madaripur sadar upazila were purposively selected for the present study. A total of 80 samples were collected for this study. The study is mainly based on primary data which were collected by the researcher herself through direct interviewing the sample farmers. Cobb-Douglas production function was used to satisfy the objectives. For calculating resource use efficiency, seven factors like cost on human labor, cost of seed, cost of urea, cost of TSP, cost of MP, cost of pesticides and cost of irrigation were considered. The jute producers had the opportunity to increase their productivity as well as profitability by proper utilization of these resources. In this study, Per hector variable cost and total cost of jute production were Tk. 50380 and Tk. 70380 respectively. The average gross return and net return were Tk. 128500 Tk. and 58120 per hactor respectively. Undiscounted BCR was 1.82 which implies that Tk. 1.82 would be earned by investing Tk. 1.00 for jute production. Gross margin was found 2.55. So, the Jute farming was found to be profitable for farmers. Returns to scale is 1.1 which means that the production functions exhibit increasing returns to scale. An increasing amount of investment in this production would further increase the returns from the farm. The study revealed that Human labor cost, irrigation and pesticide cost has significant impact on Jute production. Jute production delivers higher returns to farmers, as evidenced by the findings of this study. Farmers in the survey stated that improved yield and income encouraged them to continue producing jute. The study also identified some of the problems of Jute at different stages of Jute production. Institutional supports from Government and Non-government organizations for credit, input and technology may be helpful to increase jute production as well as income of jute farmers. Finally, on the basis of findings some recommendations were made for the development of jute sector in Bangladesh.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF MUSHROOM CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF SAVAR UPAZILA IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) AKTER, Mst. FAHIMA
The study was undertaken to explore socio-economic profile, financial profitability and resource use efficeincy analysis of mushroom producing households. Primary data collection was carried out from Savar Upazila adjacent to Dhaka along with eighteen key queries. This research was based on field data purveyed from 60 farm house following purposive and simple random sampling technique. Cobb-Douglas production function was applied to determine the effects of premediated cost factors on mushroom commercialization. Test tube specimen/ mother, substrate/ growth medium and accessory materials cost factors had positive significant impact on mushroom turnover. Negative regression coefficient of labour indicated that excess use of labour both type of producer. Fresh mushroom (BCR 3.21) was explored more profitable than mushroom mother (BCR 2.6). The average market prices were attained BDT 200.10/kg (fresh mushroom) and BDT 72.24/kg (mushroom mother). Resource use efficiency of sample mushroom growers was analysed by comparing the marginal value product(M.V.P) of an input with its factor cost. The overall M.V.P of specimen is 11.21 implying that addition of one unit of specimen would have increae gross income by 11.21 taka. The ratio of MVP and MFC of labour wage, prepation of growth medium and accessory materials input resources are greater than one it implies that the resources are overutilized. Finally, some problems were distinguished including environmental stress, mushroom disease & insect outbreak, market price fluctuations, societal superstition and fanatism and higher wage of technical cognizant labor. Introducing different agricultural term loans to the mushroom cultivators, motivating and training the cultivators to produce mushroom, introducing advanced storage facilities, operating as a combined force both producer and government authority, more engagement of women will flourish the mushroom production.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF ONION CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF FARIDPUR DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA -1207, 2021-06) HASAN, MESHKAT
The present study was designed to measure resource use efficiency of onion farmers and to estimate the profitability of onion production in selected areas of three upazila Sadarpur, Charvadrashan and Saltha in Faridpur district. Primary data were collected from 120 farmers which constituted 40 farmers from each upazila respectively. A random sampling was followed. Both tabular and statistical analyses were applied in this study. The major findings of the study reveal that onion production is profitable. Total cost of production was Tk. 258581.00 per hectare. Gross returns were Tk. 512160.00 and net returns was Tk. 253579.00. Per hectare yields of onion bulb was found 12804.00 kg. Per hectare human labor was used 150 man-days. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was found to be 1.98. Production function analysis suggested that, among the variables included in the model, cost of bulb, total labor cos, and irrigation cost had a positive and significant effect but land preparation cost had positive but insignificant on the gross return of onion production, except for cost of pesticide & cost of fertilizer had a negative and insignificant effect on the gross return of onion cultivation. This study also identified some of the problems and constraints associated with onion cultivation. The problems and constraints, of course, are interrelated with one another and hence, need to be removed comprehensively through an integrated programme for the overall development of onion cultivation.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF ROSE CULTIVATION IN KALIGANJ UPAZILA OF JHENAIDAH DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) HOSSAIN, MD. MASUM
This study was conveyed to financial profitability and resource use efficiency measurement of rose cultivation in Kaligonj upazila of Jhenaidah district. In this study, a total of 60 farmers were selected as sample and a structured questionnaire was used to collect data in the period of January-February, 2021. In this study, Cobb-Douglas production function was used to analysis factor affecting of rose production. From this study, it was calculated that the average per hectare total cost for rose production was Tk. 628728 as well as variable cost and fixed cost of rose production per hectare was TK.483128 (76.84%) and TK.145600 (23.16%) respectively. Additionally, per hectare total gross return of rose production was estimated Tk.1246712. The net return per hectare from rose production was Tk. 617984. Moreover, gross margin of rose production was TK. 763584. Furthermore, Benefit Cost Ratio of rose production was 1.98 on full cost basis which indicates that the rose production was profitable venture in the study area. The result also revealed that land preparation cost, seedling cost, MoP cost and insecticide cost had positive and significant effect on gross return of rose production whereas manure cost and TSP cost had negative but significant effect on gross return of rose production. Additionally, the expense on human labor, manure, TSP and irrigation were over-utilization and expense on land preparation, seedling, Urea, MoP and insecticide were under-utilization in rose production. The present study identified some problems faced by the farmers. Lack of technical knowledge, nonavailability of HYV seedling and infestation of insects and diseases are main issues observed in rose cultivation.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF TOMATO CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF MYMENSINGH DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) HASAN, MD. RASHIDUL
The study was focused on the profitability of production, the contribution of factors in yield and the socio-economic status of the tomato growers at Mymensingh Sadar and Gauripur Upazilla under the Mymensingh district. Using a simple random sampling technique, 90 tomato cultivators were selected to conduct farm-level surveys with the pre-tested questionnaires. The per acre cost of tomato production was Tk.33751 for all farm categories in the study area. Total cost was highest for the small farms (Tk.35313) followed by the large farm (Tk.33083) and medium farms (Tk.32857). Per acre gross return of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farms were Tk.61920, Tk.59520 and Tk.59040 respectively, indicating that the per acre gross return of small farms was higher than large and medium farms. Per acre benefit-cost ratio (BCR) of tomato cultivation under small, medium and large farms were 1.75, 1.81 and 1.78 respectively where medium farms gave the best performance. Resource use efficiency indicated that all of the resources were underused except overutilization of human labor, TSP and MoP. In the study area. High wages of labor and insect and disease attacks were significant issues for tomato cultivation.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF TUBEROSE CULTIVATION IN JASHORE DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) ORIN, SADIA ISLAM
The present study was undertaken to determine the financial profitability and resource use efficiency of Tuberose cultivation in some selected area of Jashore district. Data were collected from randomly selected 100 farmers using an interview schedule as the sample of the study from a population 430 farmers of Jhikargacha upazila under Jashore district. Descriptive statistics along with a production function analysis was carried out to achieve the objectives of the study. Tuberose cultivation is profitable in the study area. The results revealed that per hectare average costs of tuberose cultivation were estimated at Tk.2,12,920 .Average yield was estimated 3, 35,775 stick per hectare. The gross return and net return were Tk. 6, 82,550 and Tk. 4,69,630 per hectare respectively. Undiscounted Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was found 3.2. The production function exhibited increasing returns to scale. Production function analysis suggested that human labor, bulb and Manure had positive and significant effect on the yield of Tuberose. The ratio of MVP and MFC of Human labor, bulb, Manure, Urea, TSP and MoP was found 2.5, 12.9, 4.7, -11.8, 7.01 and 6.5 respectively. It indicates that farmers in the study area over utilizing Urea while Human Labor, bulb, Manure, TSP and MoP were underutilized. The lack of scientific knowledge, high yielding variety and lack of storage facilities were reported to be major problems in tuberose cultivation. Supply of credit on easy terms, supply of inputs and machinery by responsible authority, formation of farmer’s organization can play an important role in increasing tuberose production.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF CHILI CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF SYLHET DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) HASAN, MD. KAWSAR
The study was planned to measure the financial profitability and technical efficiency of chili cultivators in selected Jaintapur, Gowainghat and Kanaighat upazila of Sylhet district. From 70 farmers, primary data has been gathered randomly during November to December. Both tabular and functional analyses were offered in this study. The study proved that chili cultivation is profitable. The total cost of cultivation was Tk. 426736 per hectare. Gross returns were Tk. 785343.93 per hectare and net returns were Tk. 358607.93 per hectare. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.84 which reveals that one taka investment in chili cultivation generated Tk. 1.84. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used for this study to determine the technical efficiency of chili growers. The coefficients of parameters like human labor, fertilizers, and insecticides were positive where human labor and fertilizers are not significant but insecticides are significant and indicated a positive effect on chili cultivation. Seed and irrigation were negative and significant noted that negative effect on chili cultivation. Technical inefficiency effects the model, experience, farm size, extension have negative coefficients defining that this helps in deducting the technical inefficiency of chili farmers. The study also identified some issues like an insect- pests and diseases, use of fertilizer and pesticide, dearth of high yielding variety of seed mainly experienced by the chili cultivators and proposed some recommendations to enhance the present cultivation so that per hectare cultivation of chili would possibly be increased.
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY OF CAULIFLOWER PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREA OF NARSINGDI DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) IMRAN, HAFSA BINTE
Bangladesh is an agriculturally based country. Among different kinds of winter vegetables, cauliflower is important because of its high nutritive value and higher economic return. The present study was designed to determine the profitability and resource use efficiency of cauliflower production. A purposive random sampling method was used in this study. A total of 60 cauliflower farmers four villages namely Saner bari (10), Raypura(20), Lampur(15), Joypura(15) under Palash upazilla were selected for collecting the data. Tabular technique and statistical technique such as Cobb douglas production function was used to achieve the major objectives of the study. The study showed that on average per acre gross cost of cauliflower production was Tk. 83750.77. The net return of cauliflower was tk.182512.The benefit cost ratio was found to be 2.17 implies that a cauliflower farmer could earn tk. 2.17 with the investment of taka 1.00. The study also revealed that cauliflower cultivation is profitable in the study area. The major constraints were insect infestation followed by low price in harvesting period and scarcity of healthy seedlings. Finally, the study gave necessary recommendations to improve the overall economic condition of the farmers through cauliflower production.
FOOD SECURITY STATUS OF FISHING HOUSHOLDS IN KISHOREGANJ
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) RAHAMAN, MD. MAKSODUR
Food security is mostly important for all the living people especially in the rural or under developed area where people are not conscious about food and nutrition. The study briefs out the existing issues of food security in haor area of Nikli Upzila. The overall objectives of this study were to examine the present socioeconomic status of the fishing household, which factors were constraints for food security and identified the problems of accessing foods in Nikli Upazila of Kishoreganj district. A total of 110 sample respondents were interviewed by using simple random sampling techniques. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Socioeconomic status and problems faced by the respondents were assessed by using descriptive statistics and presented in tabular form. The extent of dietary diversity which was used to assess the food security status was assessed using descriptive statistics also. The factor determining the food security status of the small scale fishing community at Nikli Upazila was assessed using binary logistic regression analysis. After analyzing the respondent data, result showed that the average family size of sample households was 5.32 and 69.09 % of the survey respondents were found to have no education. Besides among the respondents 59.09 % hold yearly income from BDT 160000-190000. After analyzing, it was found majority of the expenditure spent on food items which hold 55.3 % of total cost. The result showed that age of the respondent, food expenditure, education, access to information having loan were significant factors those affect food security status of the fishing households. Various issues like climate change, population growth, increasing cost of food, uncontrolled market etc. were found to be encountered by respondents in the research region when attempting to obtain food. The respondents ranked the increasing cost of food items as the most serious problem among the six challenges. Therefore, it is highly needed to emphasis government support to ensure the food security.
IMPACT OF SPECIALIZED AGRICULTURAL CREDIT ON ONION PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF PABNA DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) HASSAN, MD. MAHEDI
The study is conducted to have a realistic understanding of factors affecting access to specialized agricultural credit (SAC), utilization pattern and impacts of SAC on onion production. Some descriptive statistics have been used to assess the socio-economic profile of the farmers. Then the binary discrete choice model (logit model) is used to find out the determinants of access to SAC. To explore the utilization pattern of SAC for onion cultivation mostly descriptive statistics is used. Finally the Cobb–Douglas production function is applied to evaluate the impact of SAC on onion production. To conduct the study, primary data has been collected from Sujanagar and Santhia upazila of Pabna district. A total of 80 onion cultivators have been interviewed using a well-structured questionnaire. It is observed that, majority of the sample farmers fall in the category of medium farmer (73.75 percent), were between the ages of 36 and 45 years old (35 percent), have a primary level of education (46 percent) and the average family size is 5.42 in the study area. The logit model analysis indicates that among the socio-economic determinants, farmer‟s education level, family size, farm size, and farming income were positive and significantly influenced farmers‟ access to SAC. The findings of the study reveals that, farmers in the study area utilized their maximum part of SAC for onion cultivation (88.38 percent) followed by other crop cultivation (5.13 percent), family expenditure (4.12 percent) and livestock production (2.37 percent). The study results indicates that those farmers who use SAC in onion cultivation, their per hectare production of onion is 7.13 percent higher compared to those who don‟t use SAC. Majority of the farmers (77.5 percent) mentioned lack of information and knowledge about SAC as the main reason behind not receiving credit facility. Thus, efficient disbursement of the credit among farmers through widespread dissemination of information and proper policy management can be an effective way to increase domestic onion production and to reduce the country‟s import dependency.
PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF HOMESTEAD VEGETABLES PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NETROKONA DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) DAS, SREEKANTA
The present study is an attempt to examine profitability analysis of homestead vegetables production in some selected area of Netrokona district in January 2021 to March 2021. In total 30 farmers were randomly selected from three villages namely Patra, Kashimala and Dampara in Purbadhala upazila under Netrokona district. The major findings of the study revealed that production of all the selected homestead vegetables was profitable. Gross cost of producing tomato for small, medium and large farm were Tk. 3136.17, 3207.31 and 3040.80 respectively and in cabbage production for small, medium and large farm were Tk. 3159.26, 3059.77 and 3163.82 respectively and the corresponding gross returns for small, medium and large farm in tomato production were Tk. 7087.80, 7473 and 7602 and in cabbage production were Tk. 5752, 6120 and 6800, respectively. Net returns for small, medium and large farm of producing tomato were Tk. 3951.63, 4265.70 and 4561.20 and for cabbage production were Tk. 2596.74, 3065.23 and 3636.18 respectively. Benefit cost ratio of tomato is highest for the large farm (2.50) followed by the medium farm (2.33) and small farm (2.26). In cabbage production, benefit cost ratio is highest for large farm (2.15) followed by the medium farm (2.00) and small farm (1.82). The farmers earned the highest profit from tomato followed by cabbage. The study reported some problems and constraints faced by the farmers during production and marketing of selected homestead vegetables. These problems were: lack of capital, inadequate supply of good quality seeds, unavailability and high prices of insecticides, high prices of fertilizers, inadequate storage facilities, dominance of intermediaries and lack of market information. Based on the findings of the study, some recommendations were made to improve practices for selected homestead vegetables production with a view to increase the income and employment opportunities of the farmers.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NAOGAON DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) NAIMA, JANNATUN
Bangladesh is an agricultural country and wheat is one of the most important crops of our daily life. The study was conducted at Nagaon Sadar upazila to examine the profitability, resource use efficiency, socioeconomic conditions, constraints and some probable solutions for wheat cultivation. A total of 80 respondents selected from the four villages as a sample for the present study. A simple random sampling technique was used for the selection of samples. Both primary and secondary data were used for the study. Different statistical analysis including Cobb-Douglas model are employed to fulfill the objectives of the study. The results reveal that the total variable cost was Tk. 66468, fixed cost was Tk. 17994 and total cost was Tk. 84462 per hectare for wheat production. Gross return of the wheat production was Tk. 113528. Net return was Tk. 29066 and Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.34. In the study area, use of labor, land preparation, manure and irrigation for wheat farming was overused as well as seed, fertilizer and pesticide were underused. Use of labor, seed, fertilizer, pesticide, and irrigation were statistically significant except manure and land preparation were not significant. Wheat cultivars faced some problems such as lack of operating capital, scarcity of fertilizers, lack of good quality seeds, disease and pest infestation, lack of storage facilities, lack of transportation facility, low market price of wheat product and higher price of wheat inputs etc. The findings of the study can help the policy makers to make policy for eliminating the problems of the farmers; overall the development of the economy. Government should emphasize on providing sufficient storage facilities, proper financial assistance and support of agricultural inputs with low price.
PROFITABILITY AND RESOURCE USE EFFICIENCY ON MAIZE PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF CHANDPUR DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) AKTER, MARIOUM
The study was undertaken to assess resource use efficiency and estimate maize production profitability in six villages of North Matlab and four villages of Faridgonj in Chandpur district. A total of 100 farmers were randomly sampled for primary data. The study's showed that maize production is a profitable business. The total cost of output per hectare was Tk. 115604.98. Gross returns, gross margin, and net returns were Tk. 177980.2 per hectare, Tk. 93123.02 per hectare, and Tk 67523.02 per hectare, respectively. Maize yields per hectare were discovered to be 9880.421 kg. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.61, implying that a taka invested in maize cultivation yielded Tk. 1.61 in the study area. At North Matlab, BCR was found 1.61, and at Faridgonj 1.42 respectively. On the basis of the size of the difficulty faced by farmers, high seed prices, natural calamities, and low grain prices placed first, second, and third, respectively. New varieties, lower seed prices, a fair price for maize produced, competent extension services, and access to credit and storage facilities can all help to improve the current production situation.
PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ANALYSIS OF BANANA PRODUCTION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NARSINGDI DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) YEASMIN, RAWSHANARA
The present study was designed to examine economic analysis on profitability and technical efficiency of banana farmers in selected Monohardi, Shibpur, Palash upazilas in Narsingdi district. Primary data were collected from randomly selected 100 farmers during February to April 2020. Both tabular and functional analyses were applied in this study. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used for this study to measure technical efficiency of banana farmers. The study revealed that banana production was profitable. Total cost of production was Tk. 193978.60 per hectare. Gross return was Tk. 346923.73 per hectare and net return was Tk. 286603.40 per hectare. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 2.48, which implies that one taka investment in banana production generated profit of Tk. 1.48. The coefficients of parameters like cost of mechanical power, sucker, irrigation, fertilizer, insecticides and bamboo were positive and significant at different level of significance, which indicated positive effect on banana production. Whereas coefficients of parameters such as, cost of human labor and manure were negative and insignificant which implied negative effect on banana production. In the technical inefficiency effect model, experience, farm size, extension service and credit service had negative coefficients indicating that this helped in reducing technical inefficiency of banana farmers. The study also identified some problems faced by the banana farmers like insect-pest and diseases, use of fertilizer and pesticide, scarcity of High Yielding Variety and suggested some recommendations to improve the present production situation so that per hectare yield of banana would possibly be increased.
PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF BORO RICE CULTIVATION IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF NETROKONA DISTRICT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, 2021) RONY, MARJIA AKTER
Bangladesh is predominantly an agricultural country. The dominant food crop in Bangladesh is rice, accounting 75 percent of agricultural land use. The purpose of the study was to describe the socio-economic characteristics; to examine the profitability and technical efficiency and to identify problem faced by the farmers in boro rice production in the study area. Primary data were collected from randomly selected 60 farmers from six villages under Durgapur upazila of Netrokona district. Both tabular and statistical analyses were applied in this study. The study revealed that boro rice production is profitable. The cost of production of boro rice was Tk. 112725.01 per hectare. Gross return of boro rice was Tk. 138000 per hectare, gross margin of boro rice was Tk.58619.39 per hectare and that of net return was Tk. 25274.99 per hectare. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was 1.22 which implies that a boro rice producer could earn Tk 1.22 with the investment of Tk 1.00. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used for this study to measure technical efficiency of boro rice producers. The coefficients of parameters like hired labor, urea and insecticide were negative, where family labor, machinery and MoP were found positive. The study also identified some problems and constraints faced by the boro rice farmers and suggested some recommendations to improve the present production situation so that yield of boro rice would possibly be increased.