Dept. of Agronomy

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ABSCISIC ACID INDUCED CHANGES IN SEED GERMINATION, SEEDLING GROWTH AND WATER RELATION BEHAVIOR OF WHEAT UNDER SALT STRESS CONDITION
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2017) HASAN, MOHAMMAD MAHAMUDUL
Pre-sowing seed treated with Abscisic acid (ABA) assumed to be a potential priming agent to increase the germination, seedling growth and water relation behavior of grain under salt stress condition. With this view, a lab experiment was carried out to find out the effect of various ABA concentration on the germination, seedling growth and water relation behavior of wheat under salt stress condition at central laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207 during the period from 21 September, 2016 to 19 November, 2016. This study was conducted with two different experiments. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five replications. In this experiment three wheat genotypes (ESWYT-5, ESWYT-6, and BARI Gom 28) were used as test crop; ABA and water were utilized as priming agent for hormonal and hydro priming and salt stress was induced by sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Germination parameters of wheat like germination percentage, germination coefficient; growth parameters like shoot length, root length, fresh weight, vigour index, water relation parameters like water retention capacity, relative water content etc. were collected form this experiment. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C software. The significance of difference among the treatment means was estimated by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at 1% level of probability. In the first experiment, the best treatment was carried out among different ABA concentrations on germination, seedling growth and water relation behavior of three wheat genotypes without any stress condition. It was found that ESWYT-5 (V 1 ) showed the highest germination rate (91.71%), shoot length (160.6 mm), root length (112.4 mm), shoot dry weight (54.58 mg), root dry weight (47.64 mg), relative water content (93.8%), water retention capacity (18.7) and vigour index (196.5) with 40 ppm ABA primed seeds for 9 hours. In the second experiment, seeds primed with 40 ppm ABA for 9 hours placed under salt stress condition and found that ESWYT-5 (V 1 ) showed the highest germination rate (93.2%), shoot length (160.6 mm), root length (110.0 mm), shoot dry weight (54.58 mg), root dry weight (47.64 mg), relative water content (90.39%), water retention capacity (12.6.) and vigour index (220.6) under control treatment. With other salt treatments all growth parameters of V 1 (ESWYT-5) reduced slowly but in other cultivars all parameters reduced drastically with increasing salt stress. From the result of the study, it was revealed that seeds primed with 40 ppm ABA for 9 hours showed the best result under salt stress condition.
ABUNDANCE AND ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF Parthenium hysterophorus ON CROPS OF SOUTH-WESTERN REGION OF BANGLADESH
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2021) Khatun, Mst. Sharmin
Periodical weed surveys were conducted during 2020-21 at Jashore, Jhenaidah, Chuadanga, Meherpur, and Khustia of Bangladesh to observe the severity of parthenium and to identify how many crops were affected by this weed. Parthenium weed was identified using the visual method, and quadrates were used to determine the number of parthenium weeds. The densest infestations of parthenium weed were found along roadsides, in fallow land, grasslands, and in fields of various crops. Only one species of parthenium which affected rice, maize, lentil, chickpea, field pea, jute, cotton, mustard, sesame, groundnut, tomato, pointed gourd, brinjal, bean, okra, onion, garlic, turmeric, chili, ginger, potato, banana, sugarcane, napiergrass, marigold, etc. The highest (29.67 plants m -2 ) abundance of parthenium weed occurred at border areas due to the proximity to routes connecting Bangladesh and India. Among 27 Upazilla studied sites, the relative density was highest at Sarsha, Jashore (33.5%) followed by Damurhuda, Chuadanga (29.8%). The allelopathic activity of P. hysterophorus was examined against the seed growth of twenty crop species including major cereals, pulses, oilseeds, spices, fiber, and vegetables. 5% aqueous leaf extract was used to investigate the allelopathic activity of P. hysterophorus to seeds and pregerminated seeds (radicle protruded by at least 1 mm) of test species. The following three parameters were used in allelopathic screening methodologies (a) germination percentage (%), (b) radicle length (cm), and (c) plumule length (cm). Results of Petri dishes experiment had shown a complete failure of germination (0%) due to the treatment in sesame, jute, pumpkin, red amaranth, chili, radish, and tomato. Among the cereals, wheat had the greatest reduction in radicle and plumule length (96% and 94%, respectively) compared to the respective control. Therefore, an integrated parthenium management approach is urgently needed to control the spread of this invasive weed.
ADAPTABILITY OF WHITE MAIZE AND MITIGATION OF WATER STRESS BY ANTITRANSPIRANT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2019) FATIMA, KANIZ
Six trials with eight varieties of white maize viz. PSC-121, KS-510, Changnuo-1, Q- Xiangnuo-1, Changnuo-6, Yangnuo-3000, Yangnuo-7 and Yangnuo-30 were carried out at three different sites viz. SAU (Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University); Dhamrai and Rangpur Sadar of Bangladesh during Rabi seasons of 2015-16 and 2016-17 to investigate adaptability and water stress mitigation. In the first year at SAU, significantly higher grain yields were found in five varieties, PSC-121 (8.26 t ha iv -1 ), Q-Xiangnuo-1 (7.17 t ha ), Changnuo-1 (8.62 t ha -1 ), Changnuo-6 (8.52 t ha -1 ) and Yangnuo-30 (8.35 t ha ) but at Dhamrai, the higher yields were produced by PSC-121 (8.59 t ha -1 -1 ), KS-510 (8.81 t ha ), Changnuo-1 (8.24 t ha -1 ) and Changnuo-6 (9.13 t ha -1 ) and at Rangpur by Changnuo-1 (6.65 t ha -1 ) and Q-Xingnuo-1 (6.14 t ha -1 ). In the second year, PSC-121 at SAU, Changnuo-1 both at Dhamrai and Rangpur gave significantly the highest grain yields of 10.31, 8.45 and 12.15 t ha -1 respectively. Changnuo-1 at all the sites, while PSC-121 at SAU was the second best performer. The least seed yields were obtained from Yangnuo7 (3.76 - 6.74 t ha -1 ). Drought imposing trial on six varieties namely PSC-121, Changnuo1, Changnuo-6, Yungnuo-3000, Yungnuo-7 and Yungnuo-30 was conducted under varying irrigation regimes, viz. no watering from 80 days after sowing (DAS) to harvesting, no watering from 100 DAS to harvesting and control (with irrigation at every day) where grain yield reduced drastically to almost half (3.44 t ha -1 ) when watering was stopped from 80 DAS compared to the control (6.57 t ha -1 ). Changnuo-1 was found to be the most drought tolerant variety, which yielded 5.96 t ha -1 . In the antitranspirant trial, two varieties namely V 1 - PSC-121 and V 2 = Changnuo-1 were tested under four concentrations of Kaolin (C O = 0%, C 1 = 2%, C 2 = 4%, C 3 = 6%). The 6% concentration yielded significantly the highest (8.75 t ha -1 ), which was 16% higher than that of the control (7.38 t ha -1 ). In the interaction treatment, PSC-121 with all the concentrations yielded significantly higher seed yields. PSC-121 with 6% concentration of Kaolin yielded the highest of 9.12 t ha -1 , while 8.21 t ha -1 with the control. The results showed 16% yield increase having 6% Kaolin spray and 8% increase in 2% Kaolin spray. The grain nutritional analyses showed the maximum content of protein in Q-Xiangnuo-1 (9%) fiber in Yangnuo-7 (2.96%) and carbohydrate (75.13%) and AAC (apparent amylose content) (24.41%) Changnuo-1. PSC-121, Changnuo-1, Q-Xiangnuo-1, Yangnuo-3000 and Yangnuo-7 had higher fat contents (~ 4%). The highest Glycemic Index (GI) was obtained in Yangnuo-7 (71.24 %). The Changnuo-1 might be recommended for cultivation for its best performance in all the studied sites and tolerant to the drought stress condition as well as for containing the highest fat, carbohydrate and AAC contents. For higher yield and water conservation in plant, 2% Kaolin might be recommended for spraying at tasseling stage.
AGRONOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LONG GRAIN TRANSPLANTED AMAN RICE GENOTYPES
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2018-06) BONNI, FARIHA AFIA
The field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka, during the period from July 2017 to December 2017 to study the performance of different rice genotypes in Aman season under the Modhupur Tract (AEZ-28). The experiment consisted of 15 rice genotypes viz. (i) SAU ADL1, (ii) SAU ADL2, (iii) SAU ADL3, (iv) SAU ADL4, (v) SAU ADL5, (vi) SAU ADL6, (vii) SAU ADL7, (viii) SAU ADL8, (ix) SAU ADL9, (x) SAU ADL10, (xi) SAU ADL11, (xii) SAU ADL12, (xiii) SAU ADL13, (xiv) SAU ADL14 (xv) SAU ADL15 along with a local check variety (xvi) Kataribhog. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications of each treatment. The plant height was observed at harvest where SAU ADL14. produced the tallest plant (196.59 cm) and SAU ADL8 gave the shortest plant height (95.10 cm) At harvest, the maximum tiller number hill -1 was observed in the SAU ADL5 (9.80)and the lowest (4.80) was from SAU ADL14. The highest plant dry matter hill -1 (67.72 g) at harvest was found in SAU ADL15 and the lowest was found in SAU ADL 13.. At 90 DAT, maximum SPAD value was recorded for SAU ADL11 (46.03) and the minimum SPAD value was also recorded for SAU ADL8 (35.13). The genotypes SAU ADL10, SAU ADL14, SAU ADL15, SAU ADL1, SAU ADL2, SAU ADL3, SAU ADL4, SAU ADL5 and SAU ADL8 needed longest time for flowering (80 days). On the contrary, the genotype SAU ADL 9 needed shortest time (70 days) for flowering .The highest effective tiller hill -1 (9.27) were recorded for the genotype SAU ADL9 and minimum effective tillers hill -1 were recorded in SAU ADL12 (5.88).The longest panicle length (31.61 cm) was recorded for the genotype SAU ADL12 and the shortest panicle length was recorded in SAU ADL8. The highest number of filled grains panicle -1 was obtained from SAU ADL9 (138.78) which was statistically similar with SAU ADL1, SAU ADL3 and SAU ADL12. The lowest number of filled grains panicle -1 was found in the SAU ADL10 (34.12) which was statistically similar with SAU ADL6 and SAU ADL8.The maximum 1000 grains weight (41.99 g) was counted in the SAU ADL4 and the minimum number of grains weight was counted in kataribhog (11.45 g). The maximum grain yield (2.88 t ha -1 ) was recorded in SAU ADL1 that similar to SAU ADL14. The lowest grain yield (0.43 t ha -1 ) was obtained from SAU ADL8 which was statistically similar to SAU ADL10 (0.62) and SAU ADL4 (0.89). The highest straw yield (10.24 t ha -1 ) was recorded in SAU ADL1. The minimum straw yield (1.67 t ha ) was obtained from SAU ADL 8. The highest and lowest biological yield were recorded for SAU ADL1 and SAU ADL8 respectively. The highest harvest index was obtained from the genotype SAU ADL 9 (35.67%) and the lowest harvest index (11.47%) was found from SAU ADL10. So, it may be concluded that grain yield of SAU ADL1 and SAU ADL14 were superior and higher yielder than Kataribhog (local check) -1
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT AND CONTROL OF CHINESE WEDELIA (Sphagneticola calendulacea)
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2022) ISLAM, MD. MERAJUL
Determination of allelopathic effect and control of chinese wedelia (Sphagneticola calendulacea) was conducted during November 2022 to February 2023 at Sher-E-Bangla Agricultural University, Bangladesh. Experimental results used evaluated in germination percentage and germination inhibition of different crops and to identify how other crops were affected by this weed. Sphagneticola calendulacea was identified using the visual method, and quadrates were used to determine the total biomass and relative biomass of the weeds. The infestation density of Sphagneticola calendulacea were found along roadsides, in fallow land, grasslands, and in some crop fields. The highest abundance of Sphagneticola calendulacea occurred at fallow land. The allelopathic activity of Sphagneticola calendulacea was examined against the seed growth of seventeen crop species including major cereals, pulses, oilseeds, weed seed, and vegetables. 5% aqueous leaf extract and 5% aquas leaf extract with methanol was used to investigate the allelopathic activity of Sphagneticola calendulacea to seeds and post-germinated seeds (both radicle and plumule are emerged) of test species. The following three parameters were used in allelopathic screening methodologies (a) germination percentage (%), (b) radicle length (cm), and (c) plumule length (cm). Results of Petri dishes treated with methanolic extract or leaf extract shown a complete failure of germination (0%) due to the treatment in rice, jute, cowpea, black eyed pea, pea and chickpea. Among the cereals, rice had the greatest reduction in radicle and plumule length (100%) and maize had the lowest (61% and 53%, respectively) compared to the respective control with methanol extract. Whereas, the leaf extract increase growth of radicle and plumule in both rice and wheat and highly decrease in maize and slightly in jute. For controlling this weed Filder (2,4,D-Amine) highly reduce (48%) the total biomass of the Sphagneticola calendulacea than Sunup 480 SL (glyphoset) and Weednil 5EC (Quizaloph-PEthyle) 7% and 8%, respectively. Therefore, an integrated management approach is urgently needed to control the spread of this invasive weed.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF Brassica BIOMASS TO CONTROL WEEDS AND YIELD OF WHEAT
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2009) MORSHED, MD. MONZUR
The experiment was conducted at the experimental field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from October 2007 to February 2008 to study the al]elopathic effect of Brassica biomass to control weeds and yield of wheat. The experiment consisted of two factors of which Factor A: 3 kinds of Brass/ca species viz. Si: Brass/ca campesiris. S 2: Brass/ca juncea and S 3 : Brc:ssica napus and Factor B: incorporation methods of Brass/ca biornass (5 levels) like: B 0: Control (no bioniass application); B 1 : Spreading above the ground; B 2 : Mixed with soil; B3 : Spreading in line and B 4: 50% spreading + 50% mixed with soil. At 30 days after sowing (DAS), the maximum numbers of weeds (25.53 n12 ) were found in the plot treated with Brass/ca funcea which was 44. 81°/a higher than Brass/ca campesiris. At 50 DAS. Bras's/ca juncea also showed the highest weed population (20.20 m 2). However, Brass/ca campes Iris resulted with the best effect on weed control showing the least number of weed population (14.07 rn 2 ). At 30 DAS, the lowest weed population (15.33 m 2 ) was seen by 133 while the highest (26,89 m 2 ) was found in the B2 . At 50 DAS, the highest (20.89 1112) weed population was found by B 2 whereas. B4 showed the lowest (13.11 m) population. S 1 B2 showed the lowest density of weeds (8.67n12 ) at 50 DAS which was significantly lower than S 2B0 (37.33n12 ) and S3B2 (40.00m 2 ) at 30 and 50 DAS respectively. Among the Brass/ca species, S 2 produced the highest grain yield (3.52 t ha d ) while the lowest (3.32 t ha d ) was obtained from S. The highest grain yield (3.54 t ha d ) was recorded from B 0 while the lowest (3.32 t ha ')was recorded from B2 . The S2 B1 had the highest grain yield (3.83 t ha") whereas the lowest (3.06 t ha") was recorded from S 3B1 . It is appeared from the above results that Brass/ca canzpeslris and B4 incorporation method was mostly effective in controlling weed. But yield was not affected by both species and incorporation methods
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WEED RESIDUES TO CONTROL WEEDS IN AMAN RICE FIELD
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2011) MAHATO, SUSHANTA KUMAR
A field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), during July to December, 2010 with a view to find out allelopathic (eco-friendly concept) effect of different weed residues to control weeds in Aman rice field. The experimental treatments included three T-aman rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan46. Guti Swarna and Ranzit variety and five different allelopathic materials viz.Control, Lantena camera, Goose weed, Ban sharisha and Araich. Results showed that rice cultivars differed significantly in all growth and yield contributing characters and Ranzit produced highest grain yield (5.35 t h& 5. Among the treatments of allelopathic materials araich performed the best on all the parameter studied and gave highest grain yield (5.44 th&). Interaction showed significantly higher grain yield, was given by Ranzit with allelopathic materials araich (6.51 t h&5. The higher grain yield was attributed to the higher effective tillers hilF1(13.67). filled grains panicle'(256.00) and 1000- grain weight (23.83g).
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECT OF RICE STRAW AND WATER HYACINTH ON WEED CONTROL AND YIELD OF BORO RICE
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2010) MAMUN, MD. ABDULLAII AL-
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November. 2009 to May, 2010 to find out the allelopathic effect of rice straw and water hyacinth biomass on weed control and yield of boro rice. The treatments of the experiment consisted of 2 rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan29 (V1 ) and BRRI hybrid dhan2 (V 2 ); 2 allelopathic materials viz, rice straw (Mi) and water hyacinth (M 2); and 3 levels of biomass concentration viz. 0 kg biomass m 2 (Co ). 0.5 kg biomass m 2 (C1 ) and 1.0 kg biomass m 2 (C2 ). The experiment was laid out in a spilt split-plot design with 3 replications having varieties in the main plots, allelopathic materials in the sub plots and concentrations in the sub sub-plots. The lowest weed population (11.33 rn' 2 and 16.00 rn'2 at 30 and 50 DAT respectively) and minimum dry weight (4.89 g rn'2 ) at 30 DAT was found from rice straw application irrespective of variety. The highest grain yield (7.50 t ha") was obtained from BRRI hybrid dhan2 with water hyacinth @ 1.0 kg m 2. The highest number of effective tillers hilr' (19.67) was observed from BRRI dhan29 with water hyacinth @1 1.0 kg m 2 and the lowest number of noneffective tillers hill (1.67) was recorded from the same variety with rice straw and at the same concentration. The highest panicle length (26.65 cm) was found in BRRI dhan29 with rice straw @ 1.0 kg biomass m'2. BRRI hybrid dhan2, water hyacinth and 1.0 kg biomass m 2 and their interactions encouraged growth and dry weight of weeds as well as yield of rice. Rice straw reduced weed growth whereas water hyacinth enhanced weed growth as well as grain yield of rice.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF RAPESEED/MUSTARD VARIETIES ON LENTIL AND ITS ASSOCIATED WEEDS
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2013-06) PAUL, SANTOSH KUMAR
The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy research field, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November, 2011 to March, 2012 to find out the allelopathic effect of Brassica biomass on weed control and yield of lentil. There were eleven treatments in the experiment. The treatment of the experiment consisted green Brassica biomass and water extract of dry Brassica biomass. Green Brassica biomass (30 days old) was incorporated in the soil at the sowing time of lentil @ 2.6 tha-1. Extracted water of dry Brassica biomass of each variety were sprayed two times (30 & 60 DAS of lentil) in the specific plot @1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1. The treatments were-T1 = Control, T2 = Tori 7-Biomass incorporated @2.6 t ha-1 at sowing, T3 = Tori 7-Dry matter water extract spray @ 1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1 at 30 and 60 DAS of lentil, T4 = BARI Sarisha8-Biomass incorporated @2.6 t ha-1 at sowing, T5 = BARI Sarisha8-Dry matter water extract spray @ 1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1 at 30 and 60 DAS of lentil, T6 = BARI Sarisha11-Biomass incorporated @2.6 t ha-1 at sowing, T7 = BARI Sarisha11-Dry matter water extract spray @ 1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1 at 30 and 60 DAS of lentil, T8 = BARI Sarisha13-Biomass incorporated @2.6 t ha-1 at sowing, T9 = BARI Sarisha13-Dry matter water extract spray @ 1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1 at 30 and 60 DAS of lentil, T10 = BARI Sarisha15-Biomass incorporated @2.6 t ha-1 at sowing, T11 = BARI Sarisha15-Dry matter water extract spray @ 1.3 t 6666 L-1 water ha-1 at 30 and 60 DAS of lentil. The highest no. of weeds m-2 both at 30 and 60 DAS were observed in treatment T1 (164.00 and 169.00 respectively) and lowest in T2 (62.00) and T7 (70.00) while highest dry weight of weeds m-2 both at 30 and 60 DAS were found in treatment T1 (4.80g and 16.10g respectively) and minimum in T9 (1.17g) and T2 (6.63g) respectively. At harvest the maximum plant height (34.81cm) and dry weight plant-1 (3.83g) were found in treatment T11 and T7 and minimum in T5 (23.99cm) and T6 (2.47g) respectively. The highest branches plant-1(5.17), pods plant-1(71.70), grains pod-1 (1.93), 1000 grains wt. (20.37g) were found in treatment T8, T10, T8 and T8 respectively. But lowest branches plant-1 (3.83), pods plant-1 (33.53), grains pod-1 (1.70), 1000 grains wt.(18.07gm) were found in treatment T11, T3, T7 and T2 respectively. There is a significant result on biological yield, grain yield, straw yield, harvest index and shelling percentage. The highest biological yield (2.83tha-1), grain yield (0.95tha-1), straw yield (2.17tha-1), harvest index (39.23%) and shelling percentage (29.60%) were observed in treatment T10, T11, T10, T11 and T2 respectively. The lowest biological yield (2.10 tha-1), grain yield (0.52 tha-1), straw yield (1.13 tha-1), harvest index (25.17%) and shelling percentage (19.70 %) were found in treatment T4, T4, T4, T6 and T10 respectively.
ALLELOPATHY AS A POSSJBLE STRATEGY FOR WEED CONTROL IN MUNGBEAN
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2007) MD. ANSARY, ABU NESAR
The field experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Farm of Shcr-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka to investigate the performance of different weed control strategies for controlling weeds growth in rnungbean plots during the period from March to Jwc 2008. The experiment was carried out in split-plot design with three replications accommodating the varieties in main plot and weed control strategies in the sub plot. The varieties were BARI mung 6 and BU mung 2 and weed control strategies were no weeding. hand weeding, herbicide application, acassia extract application, sorghum extract application. Brassica extract application and sunflower extract application. Between the varieties BARI mung 6 was better performer in reduing weed density (3.73%), weed hiomass (3.21%) and increasing weed control efficiency (8.38%) at IS DAS than 1k! mung 2. Allelopathic plant extracts inhibited weeds but less than hand weeding. hand weeding and acassia extract application significantly reduced weed density by 50.39% and 40.16% with their corresponding weed control efficiency by 54% and 50% respectively. RU mung 2 and hand weeding. BARI mung 6 and acassia extract combination and also combination of variety and other plant extract showed the higher weed control efficiency. Minimuni number of weeds at IS DAS and at 45 DAS was found in the interaction of BARI mung 6 and hand weeding (7.31 weeds/rn2 ). Variety, weed control strategies and their interaction significantly inilueneed the crop, yield and other crop characters like number of pods per plant. pod length. number of seeds per pod and thousand seed weight of mungbean. Plant height was highest in acassia extract application (40.62 cm) at harvest. The highest number of pods per plant (11.34 and 14.99) was recorded from BARI mung oat 45 DAS and at harvest respectively. Yield of mungbean was higher in hand weeding followed by acassia extract application herbicide application and sorghum extract application respectively. The combination of BARI mung 6 and hand weeding showed the highest grain yield (1501.00 kg ha S' ) that followed by the same variety with acassia extract (1402.00 kg hi') and herbicide (1321.00 kg hi ').The grain yield increase over control by the variety BARI mung 6 with hand weeding, acassia extract and herbicide were 157.46%. 140.48% and 126.58% respectively.
ALLEVIATION OF DROUGHT STRESS IN WHEAT BY DIFFERENT ORGANIC AMENDMENTS
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2020) ISLAM, MD. NUR NABI
Drought stress is one of the major threat of agricultural production. A pot experiment with organic amendments was conveyed at the experimental net house of the Department of Agronomy, Sher-e Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka from November-February, 2018 to investigate the effect of drought stress on the growth, physiology and yield and the mollification capacity of drought in wheat using organic amendments. The experiment was carried out by BARI gom-26 and treatments were well-watered, water deficit and organic amendments viz. control (C), compost (CO) @10 t ha -1 , vermicompost (VC) @ 10 t ha -1 , poultry manure (PM) @10 t ha -1 , biochar (B) @ 2.5% w/w soil and chitosan (CH) @ 1% w/w soil. Drought stress reduced germination 7.48%, plant height 15.02%, SPAD value 15.91%, relative water content 13.44%, number of spikelet spike -1 16.92%, number of grains spike -1 11.73%, and hundred grains weight 17.83%. Application of organic amendments acts as a protectant and reduces drought stress condition and in most cases it enhanced above these growth, physiological, yield and yield attributes. Germination enhanced 11.82 % by compost application, SPAD value enhanced 17.52% by vermicompost, Plant height increased 16.01% by poultry manure, number of spikelets spike enhanced 19.92% by vermicompost, number of grains spike -1 increased 16.62% by vermicompost application than control under drought condition. Organic amendments prevents the production of reactive oxygen species and consequently prevents from oxidative stress. So, the present study concluded that organic amendments played significant role to alleviate drought and among these vermicompost performed better.
ALLOMETRY AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF WHITE MAIZE TO VARYING LEVELS OF SPACING AND FERTILIZER APPLICATION
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2021) RAKIB, MD. RAKIBUL HASAN
A Thesis Submitted to The Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTERS OF SCIENCE (MS) IN AGRONOMY
AMELIORATION OF CADMIUM TOXICITY IN RICE BY UTILIZATION OF ORGANIC MANURES
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2020) NAWAL, NAFISA
AMELIORATION OF SALT STRESS IN AROMATIC RICE BY APPLICATION OF DIFFERENT ORGANIC MANURES
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2021) SHAHRIAR, S. M. SHIHAB
A pot experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from July to December 2020 to ameliorate the salt stress in aromatic rice by application of different organic manures. The two factor experiment was conducted by following RCBD design with four replications. Factor A consisted three NaCl levels viz; S 0 = 0 ppm pot -1 (Control), S 1 ii = 1200 ppm pot -1 and S 2 = 2400 ppm pot -1 and Factor B consisted five types of organic manures viz M 0 = No organic manure (Control), M 1 = Biochar 4 t ha -1 , M 2 = Vermicompost 6 t ha -1 , M 3 = Azolla 0.5 t ha -1 and M 4 = Cowdung 10 t ha -1 . Result revealed that salinity decreased plant height, leaf number, tiller number, LAI, SPAD value, RWC, grain yield and other yield attributes. Exposer of 1200 ppm and 2400 ppm NaCl decreased grain yield by 7 and 16% in Binadhan-13 compared to control by decreasing effective tillers. Application of different organic manures such as Biochar, Vermicompost, Azolla and Cowdung significantly influences growth and yield of aromatic rice. Vermicompost application (6 t ha -1 ) recorded the highest number of effective tillers hill (10.40), filled grains panicle -1 (98.83), grain yield (25.25 g pot -1 -1 ), straw yield (94.09 g pot ), biological yield (119.35 g pot -1 ) and harvest index (21.12 %). Different types of organic manures application under NaCl stress condition recovered growth and yield loss of aromatic rice. Among the organic manures Vermicompst gave highest grain yield in all stresses viz S 0 M 2 (28.15 g pot -1 ), S 1 M 2 (24.45 g pot -1 ) and S 2 (23.15 g pot -1 ) comparable to others treatment combinations. So, it might be concluded that, the growth and yield of rice decreased with the increasing dose of salt and application of different organic manures recovered growth and yield of rice by ameliorating salt stress. However, application of Vermicompost might be the best approach to reduce salt-induced damages in rice.
AMELIORATION OF SALT STRESS IN RICE PLANT BY THE UTILIZATION OF BIOCHAR
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2018) KHANAM, MST. MUNNI
A Pot experiment was conducted in the experimental shed of Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during Aman season (2018 July-2018 December) to ameliorate the salinity stress in rice as influenced by different level of biochar. The experiment was laid out in two factor CRD design with four replications. There were 12 treatments (3 salinity level × 4 level of biochar). Mixture of water with commercial NaCl was used as salinity treatments. Salinity level were S 0 = 0 ppm NaCl, S 1 = 1600 ppm NaCl, S ii 2 = 2800 ppm NaCl. Biochar level were B = 0 t ha -1 , B 1 = 2 t ha -1 , B 2 = 4 t ha -1 , B 3 = 6 t ha -1 . The salinity treatments were applied on 20-40 DAT. Salt stress significantly reduced growth and yield including plant height, number of tillers hill -1 , number of effective tillers hill -1 , panicle length, number of filled grains panicle -1 , 1000 grain weight, grain yield , straw yield. With the rise of salinity level the adverse effect of salinity was more clearly visible. Application of 2800 ppm NaCl caused death of rice plant after 60 days of transplanting. Intrusion of 1600 ppm NaCl caused 28% yield reduction 2800 ppm NaCl caused 100% yield loses. However, application of different doses of Biochar ameliorates salt-induced damage in rice plant to a certain extent. Application of Biochar at 4 t ha −1 showed better result than other under 1600 ppm NaCl stress regarding growth and yield.
AMELIORATION OF SALT STRESS IN SOYBEAN BY Rhizobium BIOFERTILIZER
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2021) ISLAM, A.B.M. ZAHURUL
A pot experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period of September to November- 2020 to ameliorate the salt stress in soybean by application microbial biofertilizer. The two factor experiment was conducted by following CRD design with four replications. Factor A consisted of three levels of NaCl viz; S 0 = 0 ppm NaCl pot -1 (Control), S 1 = 1800 ppm NaCl pot and S 2 = 3600 ppm NaCl pot -1 and Factor B consisted of four levels of biofertilizer viz; B 0 = 0 g Rhizobium @ 50 kg seed, B 1 = BARI RGm-907 @ 25 g/50 kg seed, B = BARI RGm-922 @ 50 g/50 kg seed and B = BARI RGm-928 @ 75 g/50 kg seed. Result revealed that salinity decreases plant height, leaf number, SPAD value, RWC, pod plant -1 3 , seed yield and other yield attributes. Exposure of 1800 ppm and 3600 ppm NaCl decreased seed yield by 48.34% and 56.83% in soybean compared to control by decreasing pod number. Application of different biofertilizers significantly influences growth and yield of soybean. BARI RGm-922 (50 g/50 kg seed) application recorded the highest number of pods plant -1 , seeds pod (3.11), 1000 seeds weight (88.61 g), seed yield (6.54 g pot -1 -1 ), stover yield (19.75 g pot ), biological yield (35.56 g pot -1 ) and harvest index (24.69 %). Different types of biofertilizer application under salt stress condition recovered growth and yield loss of soybean. Among the biofertilizers BARI RGm-922 (50 g/50 kg seed) gave highest seed yield in all stresses viz S 0 B 2 (9.77 g pot -1 ), S 1 B 2 (5.14 g pot -1 ) and S (4.70 g pot -1 ) comparable to others treatment combinations. So, it might be concluded that, the growth and yield of soybean decreased with the increasing dose of salt and application of different biofertilizers recovered growth and yield of soybean by ameliorating salt stress. However, application of BARI RGm-922 (@ 50 g/50 kg seed) as biofertiizer might be the best approach to reduce the salt induced damages in soybean.
APPLICATION OF RHIZOBIUM STRAINS AND DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF GRASSPEA
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2020) DAS, RAMANANDO
An experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University farm, Dhaka to study on the effect of biological strains and different levels of nitrogen on the growth and yield of grasspea during November, 2018 to March, 2019. The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor A: Biological strains (Rhizobium inoculums) (3); S : BARI RLs 10, S 2 : BARI RLs 11and S : BARI RLs 10 + BARI RLs 11 and factor B: Nitrogen levels (5); N 0 3 : No fertilizers, N : Recommended Fertilizers (RF) (N 20 P 2 O 540 K 2 O 20 S 20 B 1 (kg ha -1 ), N 2 : 10kg N ha 1 -1 + RF, N 3 : 30 kg N ha + RF and N 4 : RF + additional 10kg N ha -1 at flower initiation stage. The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design with three replications. Plant height, above ground dry matter weight plant -1 , branches plant -1 , nodules plant -1 , nodules dry weight plant , seeds pod -1 , 1000 grain weight, grain yield, stover yield, biological yield and harvest index were compared for different treatments. Results of the investigation revealed that, biological strains and nitrogen levels had significant influence on most of the growth, yield and yield contributing characteristics of grasspea. The maximum grain yield (1.20 t ha -1 ) was recorded where both biological strains BARI RLs 10 and BARI RLs 11 (S 3 ) were applied and the minimum grain yield (0.99 t ha -1 ) was recorded where biological strain BARI RLs 10 (S 1 ) was applied. S produced 21.21% more grain over S 1 . The maximum grain yield (1.26 t ha -1 3 -1 ) was recorded where 10 kg N ha + RF (N 2 ) was applied and the minimum grain yield (0.88 t ha -1 ) was recorded where no fertilizer was applied (N 0 ). N 2 produced 43.18% more grain over N maximum grain yield (1.34 t ha -1 ) was recorded where both biological strains BARI RLs 10 and BARI RLs 11 (S 3 ) along with 10 kg N ha -1 0 + RF (N 2 ) were applied and the minimum grain yield (0.75 t ha -1 ) was recorded where biological strain BARI RLs 10 (S 1 ) along with no fertilizer (N 0 ) was applied. Treatment combination S 3 N 2 produced 78.67% more grain over S 1 N 0 . So, it may be concluded that biological strains BARI RLs 10 and BARI RLs 11 along with 10 kg N ha -1 + RF could be a best production package to produce grasspea in different grasspea growing area in Bangladesh.
APPROACH TO HIGHER PRODUCTION OF GRASSPEATHROUGH MANIPULATING ITS CANOPY STRUCTURE
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2018-06) AKTAR, EVANA
The experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to study the effects of shoot clipping of grasspea on its growth and yield during the period of November 2017 to February 2018. The experiment was consisted of two factors viz. (1) two varieties of grasspea V 1 (BARI Khesari-3) and V 2 (BARI Khesari-4) and (2) six levels of shoot clipping, viz. C 0 (No shoot clipping), C 1 (Shoot clipping at 10 cm plant height), C 2 (Shoot clipping at 15 cm plant height), C 3 (Shoot clipping at 20 cm plant height), C 4 (Shoot clipping at 25 cm plant height) and C 5 (Shoot clipping at 30 cm plant height). The experiment was laid out in Split Plot Design with three replications. Results revealed that both varieties had similar performance during their growth and development. Shoot clipping at 20 cm plant height showed better performance comparing other clipping treatment. Considering combined effect of variety and shoot clipping, both varieties gave maximum seed yields (1.55- 1.61 t ha ) which was about 27.4 % greater than without practice ( without clipping, V 1 V 2 C 0 ) when they were being clipped down at 20 cm plant height. However, the highest number of pods plant -1 (28.10), number of seeds pod -1 (3.70), and grain yield (1.55 and 1.61 t ha -1 ) were found from treatment combination V 1 and V 2 C 3, respectively. Treatment V 2 C 3 produced significantly higher yields (1.61 t ha -1 ) due to maximum pods plant -1 (28.10) and seeds pod -1 (3.70). C 3, -1 C 0,
ARSENIC STRESS TOLERANCE IN FOUR MUSTARD VARIETIES
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2021) TAISHI, MOST. ASHIKA JAHAN
A pot experiment was conducted at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during November, 2019 to February, 2020, to investigate the effect of arsenic stress tolerance of four mustard varieties. The experiment consisted of two factors, and followed Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five replications. Factor A: Mustard varieties (4) viz; V 1 =BARI Sarisha-11, V ii 2 =BARI Sarisha-12, V =BARI Sarisha-14 and V =No As (Control), A 4 = BARI Sarisha-15 and Factor B: Different arsenic level (3) viz; A 1 = 50 mg As kg -1 soil and A 2 = 100 mg As kg soil. Data on different parameters were collected for assessing results for this experiment and showed significant variation in respect of growth, yield and yield contributing characteristics of mustard due to the effect of different mustard varieties, arsenic level and their combinations. Among the mustard varieties, BARI Sarisha-11 variety recorded the maximum number of siliquae plant -1 (86.35), 1000 seeds weight (3.53 g), seed yield plant -1 (3.55 g), stover yield plant -1 (15.13 g) and harvest index (18.98 %). Among the arsenic levels, 0 ppm arsenic treated plants recorded the maximum number of branches plant -1 (4.18), number of siliquaee plant -1 (69.97), number of seeds siliquaee -1 (17.37), 1000 seeds weight (3.39 g), seed yield plant (2.64 g), stover yield plant -1 (13.4 g) and harvest index (16.55 %), which were gradually decreased with the increasing arsenic level. In case of combined effect, cultivation of BARI Sarisha-11 alone with different arsenic level gave higher seed yield ranges between (3.82-3.07 g) from 0-100 ppm arsenic level and perform well in case of seed production comparable to other treatment combination and suitable for cultivation of mustard in arsenic prone areas comparable to other varieties.
ASSESSING THE RESIDUAL EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURE AND FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT IN T. AMAN RICE
(DEPARTMENT OF AGRONOMY, 2020) CHOWDHURY, ISRAT ZAHAN
A pot experiment was conducted at the net house of the Department of Agronomy, Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 during July to December, 2018 in T. aman season to evaluate the residual effect of organic manure and different levels of chemical fertilizer. The experiment consisted of two factors viz- Factor A: Organic manure (3 levels); O 0 : Control (Without organic manure), O 1 : Cowdung and O : Vermicompost and Factor B: Chemical Fertilizer doses (4 levels); F 0 ii 2 = Control(without fertilizer), F = 50% of RDF (Recommended dose of all chemical fertilizer), F 2 = 75% of RDF and F 3 1 = RDF . Cowdung and vermicompost were applied in the pot @ 10 and 5 ton ha -1 during wheat cultivation. Recommended doses of fertilizers such as urea, TSP, MOP and zypsum were applied in the pot @ 90, 55, 60 and 55kgha -1 during T. aman rice cultivation. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. Results revealed that residual effect of different organic manure and chemical fertilizer treatment exerted significant effect on most of the yield and yield contributing parameters studied in this experiment. Similarly, most of the traits were also affected significantly due to the combination effect. Among the residual effect of treatments, vermicompost (O ) showed best results in terms of plant height, dry matter, filled grains panicle -1 2 , 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, harvest index. For chemical fertilizer, the treatment F (RDF) showed outstanding performance for getting the better growth and higher yield compared to those of other treatments. Most of the studied traits were also influenced significantly due to the interaction effect of O 2 F 3 but F 2 3 (75% of RDF) treatment also showed similar performance with F The interaction of vermicompost with RDF and 75% of RDF(O 2 F 3 and O 2 F ) showed the higher yield (5.90 and 5.87 t ha -1 2 respectively) which may be attributed to higher number of effective tillers hill - 1 (10.47 and 9.83, respectively), 1000 grain weight (20.60 g and 20.27 g, respectively), grains panicle -1 (102.83 and 99.67, respectively) in this two interaction treatments. Considering the above fact, organic manure O (vermicompost) and chemical fertilizer F 2 (75% of RDF) and combination O 2 F 2 2 could be considered the best fertilizer management practice which reduces the use of 25% chemical fertilizer in BRRI dhan34 cultivation.