Dept. of Agricultural Extension

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A Doctoral Thesis On “Studies on the Agricultural Legislation and Technical Prescription Service in Bangladesh”
(American World University, USA, 2011-11-16) Azad, Md. Abul Kalam; Dr. Hirofumi Saneoka; Professor Dr. Md. Sadrul Amin
A series of studies were conducted to identify different aspects of Studies on the Agricultural Legislation and Prescription Services Technology Requirements in Bangladesh in the way of modernizing the agricultural systems. It covered most of the legal, administrative, scientific and technical aspects in the viewpoint of an practitioner in the field of agriculture specially of Crops Science consisting Soils, Plant Protection, Biotechnology and Environment. The other issues and documents of Fisheries, Livestock, Forestry and Machineries were interpreted as related to these studies. The study works were done mostly through collection, classification, processing, compilation and interpretation of documents as far as available. The results show that there were about 63 Statues, Acts, Ordinances, Regulatory Notifications, Policies, Principles, Commission recommendations, emergency orders etc. in Bangladesh on broad agricultural sectors. It has been found that the proportion of Acts among all statues is only 6%, while temporary orders and very old documents of Indian regime covered about 68% those were found to be effective for the modern agriculture in Bangladesh. The acts so far found were also have practical limitations. The Acts relating to give prescription through agriculturist practitioners were found to be very inadequate. The specific formats for legal prescription were not worked out and approved as USA and other developed European countries have done it by 30’s. It has been recommended from the studies that the scientific and technological formats for prescribing materials and methods to be followed in Bangladesh should be done immediately to control prices, access and quality of the deliverables. In the way several formats to be used by an agriculturist practitioner is prepared, tested and finalized. It is recommended that successful fulfilling of these formats validated by examiners for soil, plant protection, seed and machineries covering 60 cases make an agricultural graduate a legal practitioner for Agricultural Services.
ACHIEVEMENT OF LIVELIHOOD ASPIRATIONS OF TRIBAL WOMEN OF NORTHERN BANGLADESH BY PARTICIPATION IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2016-12) YESMIN, ROMANA; Prof. Dr. Md. Faruq Hasan
The study aimed at exploring the achievement of livelihood aspiration of tribal women and finding out the relationships between some of the selected characteristics of the tribal women and their achievement of livelihood aspiration. Data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule from the tribal women of two unions namely Chandipur, Mostafapur of Parbatipur upazila of Dinajpur district. Data were collected from randomly selected 110 respondents from the population of 250 tribal women by using simple random sampling method from 27 October to 15 November, 2016. The selected ten (10) characteristics of the tribal women such as age, educational qualification, family size, farm size, annual income, training experience, extension media contact, organizational participation, agricultural knowledge and attitude towards participation in agricultural activities were considered as the selected characteristics where achievement of livelihood aspirations of the tribal women constituted the focus issue. Achievement of livelihood aspirations of the tribal women was measured by 4-point rating scale. It was found that the observed score of achievement of livelihood aspirations of the participating tribal women ranged from 18 to 60 in score while the possible range was 0.0 to 75. The mean achievement of livelihood aspirations score was 37.0 with a standard deviation of 8.73. Among the farmers, 86.4 percent belonged to medium status of achievement of livelihood aspirations status while 7.3 percent of them had high status of achievement of livelihood aspirations and 6.4 percent had low status of livelihood aspirations. The variation regarding different achievement of livelihood aspirations was minimum, the highest status of achievement of livelihood aspirations was observed in case of achievement of household food security and it was the lowest in case of achievement of access to market opportunity. Four (4) out of ten (10) selected characteristics of the tribal women such as farm size, extension media contact, agricultural knowledge and attitude towards agricultural activities had significant positive relationships with their achievement of livelihood aspiration. Rests of the characteristics such as age, educational qualification, family size, annual income, training experience, and organizational participation had no significant relationship with their achievement of livelihood aspiration. It was found that the achievement of livelihood aspiration was mostly hindered due to lack of necessary agricultural land followed by lack of enough capital for agricultural activities and unavailability of sufficient fertilizers. To overcome the problems tribal women suggested solutions to supply sufficient cultivable land for cultivation followed by support from Sub-Assistant Agricultural Officer and provide loan.
ADAPTATION STRATEGIES BY THE FARMERS TO MITIGATE DROUGT IN NORTHERN BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2016-12) BEGUM, MOST. MARZINA; Associate Prof. Md Sadekur Rahman
The main purpose of the study were to determine and describe the selected characteristics of the farmers, to determine the adaptation strategies by the farmers to mitigate drought, to explore the relationship between selected characteristics of farmers and adaptation strategies to drought by them and to determine the extent of problem faced by the farmers to mitigate drought and suggestions to overcome the same. The study was conducted in Panchagarh sadar upazila under Panchagarh district. Ninety four (94) farmers were selected as sample from a recent list of 625 drought prone farmers using simple random sampling method. Data were collected from the sampled farmers by using a pre-tested interview schedule during 12 August to 19 September 2016. Besides the usual descriptive statistical parameter, Pearson product moment correlation coefficient (r) was also used for the statistical analysis. Among seventeen selected adaptation strategies to mitigate drought in the study area “Use of drought tolerant variety” was the highest with adaptation strategies to drought mitigation (ASDM) of 204 and it was followed by ‘Relay cropping” (ASDMI= 182). Exact fifty (50.0) percent of the respondents followed medium adaptation strategies, while 34.0 percent of them high adaptation and 16.0 percent low adaptation strategy to drought mitigation. Computed ‘r’ value indicated that farm size, annual income, extension media contact, organizational participation, innovativeness and agricultural knowledge had positive significant relationship with their adaptation strategies to drought mitigation. ‘Crops fails to mature timely’ emerged as the most important problem mentioned by the farmers with PFI value of 112. The highest proportion (75.59 percent) of the farmers opined “Use of drought tolerant varieties” as an important mean to overcome the problem.
ADOPTION OF FOUR CROPS CULTIVATION PATTERN BY THE FARMERS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2016-12) Goswami, Pallab; Kbd. Professor Dr. Saiful Huda
The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of adoption of four crops cultivation pattern by the farmers and to explore the relationships between nine selected characteristics of the farmers’ with their adoption of four crops cultivation pattern. The factors influenced the farmers in the adoption of four crops cultivation pattern have also been identified. Data were collected from a sample of 104 farmers (out of 400) selected by simple random sampling procedure from Baragoan and Nargun union under Thakurgaon Sadar upazila of Thakurgaon district. A pretested and structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents during 15 September to 15 October, 2016. The highest proportion (75.0 percent) of the farmers had medium adoption of four crops cultivation pattern, while 23.1 and 1.9 percent of them had high and low adoption of four crops cultivation pattern respectively. The major factor influenced the farmers were “four crop cultivation is profitable’’, followed by “four crop cultivation is very important for food security’’. Correlation analyses indicated that among nine selected characteristics education, annual income, training received, organizational participation, extension media contact and agricultural knowledge had positive significant relationships with their adoption of four crops cultivation pattern. However, age, family size, and farm size of the farmers had no significant relationships with their adoption of four crops cultivation pattern.
ADOPTION OF IMPROVED PRACTICES IN LITCHI CULTIVATION BY THE LITCHI GROWERS OF DINAJPUR DISTRICT
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2014-06) Khanom, Mst. Jobaida
The main purpose of this study was to determine and describe the adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation by the growers of Biral upazila under Dinajpur district. Attempts were also made to describe some of the selected characteristics of the litchi growers and their relationship with their adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation. The problems faced by the growers in the adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation have also been identified. Data were collected from a sample of 102 litchi growers (out of 1000) selected by simple random sampling procedure from eight villages of three unions under Biral upazila of Dinajpur district. A pretested and structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents during 28 March to 2 May 2014. Adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation was the dependent variable of this study consist of four dimensions (i.e., use of improved varieties, fertilizers, pesticides and intercultural operations). It was examined with 4-point rating scale. Ten selected characteristics of the litchi growers constituted the independent variables (i.e., age, educational qualification, family size, extension contact, cosmopoliteness, farm size, annual income, innovativeness and marketing orientation). Karl Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was computed to explore the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The findings revealed that about three-fifths (60.8 percent) of the growers had medium adoption while 13.7 percent had low adoption and 25.5 percent had high adoption of improved practices inlitchi cultivation. Correlation analysis indicated that among the selected characteristics, educational qualification, litchi cultivation knowledge, extension media contact, cosmopoliteness, farm size, annual income, innovativeness and marketing orientationhad significant and positive relationship with their adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation. While age and family size of the respondents did not show any significant relationshipwith their adoption of improved practices in litchi cultivation. The major problems faced by the litchi growers were ‘non-availability of training on litchi cultivation from DAE or other organization’, ‘non-availability of credit in time’, ‘lack of proper advice from AEOs about insect and disease control of litchi’ and‘lack of suggestions from the SAAOs about the timely application of fertilizersin litchi cultivation’.
ADOPTION OF MODERN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES BY THE WOMEN FARMERS OF MOHILA BOHUMUKHI SHIKKHA KENDRA
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2018-12) Islam, Md. Munabbarul; Kbd. Prof. Dr. Saiful Huda
The main purpose of the study was to determine the extent of adoption of modern agricultural technologies by the women farmers of Mohila Bohumukhi Shikkha Kendra (MBSK) and to explore the relationships between the selected characteristics of the women farmers with their adoption of modern agricultural technologies of MBSK. The problems faced by the women farmers in adoption of modern agricultural technologies have also been identified. The present study was conducted in Uthrail union of Sadar upazila under Dinajpur district. A sample of 88 farmers was (out of 352) selected by simple random sampling method for data collection. A pretested and structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the respondents during 16 August to 15 September, 2018. Slightly above three-fifths (63.6 percent) of the women farmers had low adoption of modern agricultural technologies, while 28.4 and 8.0 percent of them had medium and high adoption of modern agricultural technologies, respectively. Correlation analyses indicated that among nine selected characteristics annual family income, training received, contact of information sources and attitude towards MBSK had positive significant relationships with their adoption of modern agricultural technologies. However, age, educational qualification, family size, farm size and organizational participation of the farmers had no significant relationships adoption of modern agricultural technologies. ‘High cost involvement for adoption of modern technologies’ (85.22 percent) emerged as the most important problem expressed by the farmers. ‘Lack of cash money’ (47.73 percent) was least perceived mentioned problem of adoption of modern agricultural technologies.
ASSESSMENT OF INNOVATION ADOPTION COMPETENCY OF THE FARMERS UNDER GOVERNMENT AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2019-12) TASKIN, SUMAYA; Professor Dr. Md. Abu Sayed Mondol
The purposes of the study were to determine the extent of competency of the farmers on innovation adoption, to determine the relationships between the extent of competency of the farmers and their selected characteristics and to explore the problems confrontation of the farmers in adopting innovation. Data were collected from four villages (Shuvra, Sadipur, Mostofabad and Mujahidpur) of Chehelgazi union of Sadar upazila under Dinajpur district during 12st August to 10th September 2019. The sample size of the study was 105 farmers and it was drawn from a population of 997 using simple random sampling method. Structured interview schedule were used for data collection. To measure the competency of the farmers on innovation adoption, 18 statements under three aspects of competency were measured along with a four-point rating scale. The majority of the farmers (61.90 percent) had medium competency, 20.00 percent had low competency and 18.10 percent had high competency on innovation adoption. Among the ten selected characteristics of the farmers six characteristics namely; educational qualification, annual family income, training received, extension media contact, attitude towards technology and scientific orientation had positive significant relationships, while age had negative significant relationship and household size, farm size and organizational participation had non-significant relationships with their competency on innovation adoption. Out of 18 statements of competency on innovation adoption ‘controlling insect pest problem by sex pheromone trap’ has ranked first (232) while ‘accelerating planting and harvesting process by combine harvester (74) has last ranked as mentioned by the farmers. ‘High cost of modern agricultural machineries’ was the top ranked problem mentioned by the farmers followed by ‘not getting fair price of agricultural produces’ and ‘lack of government incentives’.
ATTITUDE OF FARMERS TOWARDS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES OF MOHILA BOHUMUKHI SHIKKHA KENDRA
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2018-12) Adhikari, Bidhan Chandro; Kbd. Professor Dr. Saiful Huda
The main purpose of the study was to determine attitude of farmers towards agricultural activities of Mohila Bohumukhi Shikkha Kendra (MBSK). The study was carried out in Uthrail union of Sadar upazilla under Dinajpur District. Ninety two (92) farmers were selected as sample from 368 farmers involved with MBSK. Data were collected by a pretested interview schedule during 20 September to 15 October, 2018. Simple and direct questions with different scales were used to obtain information. Co-efficient of correlation (r) was computed in order to explore the relationships between the nine selected characteristics of the farmers and their attitude towards agricultural activities of MBSK. More than fifty percent (54.3 percent) of the farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards agricultural activities of MBSK while 44.6 percent had highly favorable attitude and only 1.1 percent had slightly favorable attitude towards agricultural activities of MBSK. Correlation analyses indicated that among nine selected characteristics education, annual income, and organizational participation, agricultural training received and innovativeness of the farmers had positive significant relationships with their attitude towards agricultural activities of MBSK. However, age, family size, farm size, and cosmopoliteness of the farmers had no significant relationships with their attitude towards agricultural activities of MBSK. The most common problem faced by the farmers was “Disease and insect infestation” (92.39 percent) and ranked first as per opined by the farmers. ‘High input cost’ (70.65 percent) was the last ranked (5th) problem as cited by the farmers.
ATTITUDE OF FARMERS TOWARDS MAIZE CULTIVATION IN DINAJPUR SADAR UPAZILLA
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2017-12) Hossain, Md. Belal; Kbd. Dr. Saiful Huda
The main purpose of the study was to determine attitude of farmers towards maize cultivation. The study was carried out in Chehelgazi unions of Sadar upazilla under Dinajpur District. Ninety two (92) farmers were selected as sample from an updated list of 920 farmers‟ involved in maize cultivation. Data were collected by a pretested interview schedule during 15 September to 15 October 2017. Simple and direct questions with different scales were used to obtain information. Co-efficient of correlation (r) was computed in order to explore the relationships between the nine selected characteristics of the farmers and their attitude towards maize cultivation. About three-fourths (73.9 percent) of the farmers had highly favorable attitude towards maize cultivation while 26.1 percent moderately favorable attitude and 0.00 percent had slightly favorable attitude towards maize cultivation. Correlation analyses indicated that among nine selected characteristics education, farm size, cosmopoliteness and extension media contact of the farmers had positive significant relationships with their attitude towards maize cultivation. However, age, family size and area under maize cultivation, annual income and training received had no significant relationships with their attitude towards maize cultivation. „Cost of maize cultivation is high than other crops‟ (78.26 percent) emerged as the 1st ranked problem and last ranked (25 percent) perceived problem mentioned by the farmer was „Lack of knowledge on hybrid maize variety‟ expressed by the farmers. The foremost (56.52 percent) suggestion cited by the farmers was „organizing more training program for the farmers‟ and „Application of IPM technique‟ (28.26 percent) was last suggestion.
ATTITUDE OF FARMERS TOWARDS MAIZE CULTIVATION IN NORTHERN REGION OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2017-06) Gelle, Faisal Jama; Professor Dr. Md. Abu Sayed Mondol
The purposes of the study were to determine extent of attitude of farmers towards maize cultivation, to determine the relationships between the selected characteristics of maize growers and their attitude towards maize cultivation, and to identify the problems faced by the maize growers. The study was conducted in two unions namely Paltapur and Nijpara unions of Birganj upazila of Dinajpur district of northern region of Bangladesh. Data were collected from 96 maize growers with a structured interview schedule during 12 March to 10 April 2017 with the assistance of Bangladeshi student who is capable to talk in Bangle and English. The selected 10 characteristics of the maize growers were considered as independent variable and attitude towards maize cultivation was considered as dependent variable. The findings revealed that 64.58 percent of the respondents had moderately favorable attitude towards maize cultivation compared to 18.75 percent had unfavorable and only 16.67 percent had favorable attitude. In contrast to individual statements it is evident that out of twenty statements ‘awareness of farmers regarding identification of quality maize seeds lead to higher production’ has ranked first and ‘maize cultivation need a huge amount of irrigation’ is the least rank. Among the 10 characteristics of the maize growers’ four characteristics namely educational qualification, agricultural knowledge, extension media contact and innovativeness showed positive relationship with their attitude towards maize cultivation on other hand age and farm size showed negative relationship with their attitude towards maize and the rest were failed to show any relationship with the dependent variable. Almost all of the respondents faced similar problems to similar extent. On the other hand, the topmost problem identified by the farmers was ‘nonavailability of seed’ and the last was ‘non availability of storage facility at farmers’.
ATTITUDE OF THE AICC FARMERS TOWARDS USE OF ICT ENABLERS IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2017-12) Islam, Md. Rezuanul; Professor Dr. Md. Faruq Hasan
The purpose of this study is to determine farmers’ attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities. Multistage random sampling technique was used for selection of a sample of 90 AICC farmers from a population of 301 from Rangpur and Dinajpur districts. Data were collected during 02 February to 16 March 2017 by using pre-tested structured interview schedule. Eight selected characteristics of the farmers’ namely: age, educational qualification, family size, farm size, farming experience, annual family income, ICT training received and use of ICT for utilization of farm information were the selected characteristics of the AICC farmers, while the attitude of the farmers’ towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities was the focus issue. Different standard statistical techniques were used to measure the selected characteristics and Likert scale was used to measure the focus issue. Nine statements (4 positive and 5 negative) on various aspects of use of ICT enablers in agricultural activities were used for the attitude scale. The positive and negative statements were arranged alternatively in the schedule in order to achieve the real picture of attitude of the farmers. There were five options to response a statement, namely ‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘no option’, ‘disagree’ and ‘strongly disagree’ with a corresponding score of 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1, respectively for the positive statements and the scoring was reversed for the negative statements. The majority (80.0 percent) of the AICC farmers had highly favorable attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities compared to 12.2 percent had low favorable attitude and 7.8 percent had neutral attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities. Correlation analyses indicated that age, educational qualification, family size, farm size, ICT training received and use of ICT for utilization of farm information had positive significant relationships with farmers’ attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities; while the farming experience had significant negative relationships with attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities; and annual family income had no significant relationship with farmers’ attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities. So, it may be concluded that farmers have positive attitude towards using ICT enablers in agricultural activities. Government and other development non-government agencies should emphasize ICT enablers during extension services at farm level.
ATTITUDE OF THE MAIZE FARMERS TOWARDS VALUE CHAIN
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2017-06) Alam, Md. Nur; Kbd. Professor Dr. Saiful Huda
The main purpose of the study was to determine the attitude of maize farmers towards value chain. Data were collected from 94 randomly selected farmers out of 750 maize farmers of Joldhaka upazila under Nilphamari district during 13 March, 2017 to 25 April, 2017, through personal interview. Simple and direct questions with different scales were used to obtain information. Co-efficient of correlation (r) was computed in order to explore the relationships between the maize farmers’ attitude towards value chain project and their eight selected characteristics. Slightly more than four-fifths percent (81.9 percent) of the total sampled farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards access to backward linkage. Overall more than four-fifths (83.0 percent) of the total respondents had moderately favorable attitude towards access to forward linkage. Overall more than threefifths (62.8 percent) of the total respondents had moderately favorable attitude towards maize value chain project while 19.1 percent having slightly favorable attitude and 18.1 percent fell in the highly favorable attitude category. Correlation analyses indicated that among eight selected characteristics education, family income, organizational participation and training received had positive significant relationships with their attitude towards value chain project while family size had significant negative relationship. However, age, farm size and savings of the farmers had no significant relationships with their attitude towards value chain project. ‘Training is not enough on production technologies and marketing which is provided by privet company’ (91.49 percent) emerged as the most important problem opined by the farmers. ‘Distance buyers are not coming due to fewer amounts of products’ was the least problems as opined by the farmers (69.15 percent). The foremost (85.11 percent) suggestion cited by the farmers was ‘Private company should provide training as per farmers demand’. ‘Should organize the farmers to aggregate the products as per buyers demand’ is the last ranked suggestion given by the farmers (61.11 percent).
ATTITUDE OF THE SUB ASSISTANT AGRICULTURE OFFICERS TOWARDS OF ICTS IN EXTENSION SERVICES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2018-12) Das, Palash; Prof. Dr. Md. Faruq Hasan
The major purpose of this study is to determine SAAOs' attitude towards use of ICTs in extension services. Data were collected from the SAAOs of Rangpur and Dinajpur district during 15 February to 20 March 2018. The sample size of the study was 93. For collecting data structured interview schedule were used. Eight selected characteristics of the SAAOs' namely: age, education, family size, working experience, annual income, ICT training received, use of ICTs in agricultural extension services and frequency of use of ICTs were the selected characteristics of the SAAOs, while the attitude of the SAAOs' towards use of ICTs in extension services was the focus issue. Different standard statistical techniques were used to measure the selected characteristics and Likert scale was used to measure the focus issue. Nine statements (4 positive and 5 negative) on various aspects of use of ICT enablers in agricultural activities were used for the attitude scale. The positive and negative statements were arranged alternatively in the schedule in order to achieve the real picture of attitude of SAAOs. There were five options to response a statement, namely 'strongly agree', 'agree', 'undecided', *disagree' and 'strongly disagree' with a corresponding score of 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1, respectively for the positive statements and the scoring was reversed for the negative statements. The majority (72.0 percent) of the SAAOs had favorable attitude towards use of TCTs in extension services compared to 15.9 percent had unfavorable attitude and 12.1 percent had neutral attitude towards use of ICTs in extension services. Correlation analyses indicated the relationships of five characteristics with SAAOs' attitude towards use of ICTs in agricultural extension services were found positively significant namely education, annual income, ICT training received, use of ICTs in agricultural extension services and frequency of ICT use. Two characteristics were found negatively significant namely age and working experience. One non-significant relationship was found for family size. So, it may be concluded that SAAOs have positive attitude towards use of ICT enablers in extension services. Government and other development non-government agencies should emphasize ICTs during policy making and development of extension service systems.
ATTITUDE TOWARDS PESTICIDE RISK REDUCTION OF THE MANGO GROWERS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2014-06) Husna, Mst. Asmaul; Asst. Prof. Md. Sadekur Rahman
The purpose of the study was to assess the attitudes towards the pesticide risk reduction of the mango growers. The study was conducted in Sadar upazila under Dinajpur district. Eighty four (84) respondents were selected as sample from a recent list of 335 mango growers using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected by a pre-tested interview schedule during 23th April to 26th May 2014. Two-thirds (66.2 percent) of the respondents had less favorable attitude followed by 21.3 percent had medium favorable and only 12.5 percent had high favorable attitude towards pesticide risk reduction. Among the independent variables educational qualification, information transfer and knowledge on pesticide use of the respondents showed positive significant relationship with their attitude towards pesticide risk reduction. Continuous education program and training might promote awareness and minimize the risk of pesticide exposure. Better sanitation facilities and personal hygiene would improve the attitude of the mango growers towards pesticide risk.
AWARENESS OF SAAOs ON ICT TOOLS FOR EXTENSION SERVICES IN RANGPUR DISTRICT
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2018-12) Mohaimin, Md. Abdulla Al; Professor Dr. Md. Abu Sayed Mondol
The purposes of the study were to determine and describe some selected characteristics of SAAOs, to investigate SAAOs awareness on ICT tools for extension service, to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of SAAOs with their awareness on ICT tools for extension service, and to identify constraints faced by SAAOs in using ICT for extension service. Data were collected from the SAAOs of four upazilas of Rangpur district during 01 to 30 September 2018. The sample size of the study was 77 and which was drawn from a population of 144 using random sampling technique. The awareness of SAAOs on ICT tools was the focus issue of this study. The scale consisted of 18 ICT tools awareness. The responses about the ICT tools used are taken on the basis of five degrees namely heard, seen, have, used and skill with the assigned score 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Majority of the SAAOs (66.23 percent) are under medium level of awareness on ICT tools followed by 19.48 percent low level of awareness on ICT tools and only 14.29 percent high level of awareness on ICT tools respectively. According to the computed correlation coefficients (r) among the eight selected characteristics of the SAAOs four characteristics namely scientific orientation, innovativeness, planning orientation and knowledge on ICT tools showed positive relationship with their awareness on ICT tools. On other hand age and service experience showed negative relationship and the rest were fail to show any relationship with the focus issue. On the other hand the major problems in using ICT tools faced by SAAOs was ‘Lack of training in the use of ICT facilities (PCI =238.96)’ and the least problem faced by the SAAOs was “Irregular power supply (PCI = 153.26)’.
COMMON INTEREST GROUP FARMERS’ AWARENESS ON CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE STRATEGIES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2019-12) FARUK, MD. OMUR; Professor Dr. Md. Faruq Hasan
The main purpose of the study were to determine the CIG farmers’ awareness on climate change resilience strategies,to describe the selected characteristics of the CIG farmers and their relationshipsto their awareness on climate change resilience strategies and to determine the problems faced by the farmers due to climate change with their possible solutions. In this study 300 of the CIG farmers were considered as the population. Data were collected from a sample of 106 CIG farmers from 5 no. Biral union under Biral upazila of Dinajpur district during 02 September to 28 October, 2019 through simple random sampling method. Awareness on climate change resilience strategies of the CIG farmers was considered as the focus issue of the study. Awareness on climate change resilience strategies of the CIG farmers was measured by 4-point rating scale. Findings revealed that, the highest proportion (87.7 percent) of the CIG farmers were moderately aware on climate change resilience strategies; while 10.4 percent were highly aware and only 1.9 percent of the respondents were slightly aware on climate change resilience strategies. On the basis of the Awareness Index (AI) score of CIG farmers, the statements ‘agricultural information for adaptation’ ranked 1st (AI value 308) and statement ‘improvement of soil management’ got the lowest score (AI 56) and hence got the lowest (11th) position in the ranked order.Seven out of eleven selected characteristics of the CIG farmers’ viz. age, household head’s education, average family education, annual family income, agricultural training received, extension media contact and knowledge on climate change had significant positive relationship with their awareness on climate change resilience strategies. Rests of the characteristics viz. family size, farm size, farming experience and innovativeness had no significant relationship with their awareness on climate change resilience strategies at five percent level of significance. ‘Outbreak of pests and diseases’ was the top ranked problem faced by the farmers due to climate change, while ‘increased training facilities according to their needs for increasing their knowledge and skill of awareness on climate change’, was the top ranked suggestion given by the farmers to overcome the problems.
CONSTRAINTS AND PERCEIVED SCOPE FOR PRACTICING SMALL SCALE AQUACULTURE
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2014-06) ROY, RATAN KUMAR; Assistant Prof. Md. Sadekur Rahman
The research was undertaken to determine the extent of constraints as faced by the farmers engaged in small scale aquaculture, to explore the relationships of selected characteristics (independent variables) with constraints for practicing small scale aquaculture (dependent variable) and to find out the perceived scope for practicing small scale aquaculture. The independent variables were age, educational qualification, family size, farm size, area under aquaculture, knowledge of aquaculture, training received, annual income, income from aquaculture, extension media contact and organizational participation. The study was conducted in Ranisonkail upazila under Thakurgaon district. Ninety two (92) respondents were selected as sample from a list of 276 farmers using multi-stage random sampling method. Data were collected by a pre-tested interview schedule during 1‘ March to 30" April 2014. Among the total 19 constraints “unavailability of fish fries in proper time” occupied the highest (CFI= 229) score and stood top in the ranking while “disturbance from otter and predatory birds” had the lowest (CFI= 74) score. Slightly around three-fourths (72.8 percent) of the respondents had medium constraints, 18.5 percent had low constraints and 8.7 percent had high constraints for practicing small scale aquaculture. Majority farmers had faced medivm constraints level in terms of general constraints, fish-culture constraints and postharvest culture constraints. Scored Causal Diagrams (SCDs) explored that the main root causes to ‘low practicing small scale aquaculture’ identified were ‘unavailability of fish fries in proper time’; ‘lack of training and education’ and ‘rigid rules for getting credit’ with score of 20, 20 and 11, respectively. Among the eleven selected characteristics of the farmer’s farm size, area under aquaculture, knowledge of aquaculture, training received and extension media contact showed significantly negative relationship with the constraints. On the other hand age, educational qualification, family size, annual family income, income from aquaculture and organizational participation of the respondents did not show any significant relationship with their constraints. Main scope for practicing small scale aquaculture as mentioned by the respondents ‘small scale aquaculture is profitable’ followed by ‘nutritional requirement’ with PIS of 262 and 256 respectively.
CONSTRAINTS AND SCOPE FOR PRACTICING SANDBAR CROPPING TECHNOLOGY IN RIVERINE AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2012-12) Noman, Md. Rubayet Al Ferdous; Kbd. Professor Dr. Saiful Huda
The study was undertaken to assess the extent of constraints as faced by the farmers engaged in sandbar cropping technology, to explore the relationship of the demographic characteristics (independent variables) with constraints of sandbar cropping technology (dependent variable) and to find out the scope for practicing sandbar cropping technology. Constraints faced by the respondents of sandbar cropping technology were also cross-checked by Scored Causal Diagrams (SCDs). The independent variables were age, educational qualification, family size, annual family income, training received, knowledge on sandbar cropping, aspiration, fatalism, attitude towards PAB. The study was conducted in Gangachara upazila under Rangpur district. Ninety five (95) respondents were selected as sample from a recent list of 271 farmers using random sampling method. Data were collected by a pretested interview schedule during 1“ September to 15" October 2012. Besides the usual descriptive statistical parameter, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used for the statistical analysis. Among the total 24 constraints “low price during peak period of pumpkin” occupied the highest (CI= 239) scores and stand top in the ranking while “difficult to identify mature pumpkin” had the lowest (CI= 16) scores. Slightly more than three-fourth (75.8 percent) of the respondents had medium constraints, while 21.0 percent had low constraints and only 3.2, percent had high constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Scored Causal Diagrams (SCDs) explored that the main root causes to ‘low practicing sandbar cropping technology’ identified were low price during peak period of pumpkin, lack of training and education/awareness and land owner discourage to give the same land for 2™ year. Out of nine independent variables educational qualification, training received and knowledge on sandbar cropping of the respondents showed negative significant relationship with the constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Age and fatalism showed a positive significant relationship with the same. On the other hand, family size, annual family income, aspiration and attitude towards PAB of the respondents did not show any significant relationship with the constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Main scope for practicing sandbar cropping technology as mentioned by the respondents ‘production of different crops along with pumpkin’ followed by “food security’.
CONSTRAINTS AND SCOPE FOR PRACTICING SANDBAR CROPPING TECHNOLOGY IN RIVERINE AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2012-12) Noman, Md. Rubayet Al Ferdous; Kbd. Professor Dr. Saiful Huda
The study was undertaken to assess the extent of constraints as faced by the farmers engaged in sandbar cropping technology, to explore the relationship of the demographic characteristics (independent variables) with constraints of sandbar cropping technology (dependent variable) and to find out the scope for practicing sandbar cropping technology. Constraints faced by the respondents of sandbar cropping technology were also cross-checked by Scored Causal Diagrams (SCDs). The independent variables were age, educational qualification, family size, annual family income, training received, knowledge on sandbar cropping, aspiration, fatalism, attitude towards PAB. The study was conducted in Gangachara upazila under Rangpur district. Ninety five (95) respondents were selected as sample from a recent list of 271 farmers using random sampling method. Data were collected by a pretested interview schedule during 1“ September to 15" October 2012. Besides the usual descriptive statistical parameter, Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient (r) was used for the statistical analysis. Among the total 24 constraints “low price during peak period of pumpkin” occupied the highest (CI= 239) scores and stand top in the ranking while “difficult to identify mature pumpkin” had the lowest (CI= 16) scores. Slightly more than three-fourth (75.8 percent) of the respondents had medium constraints, while 21.0 percent had low constraints and only 3.2, percent had high constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Scored Causal Diagrams (SCDs) explored that the main root causes to ‘low practicing sandbar cropping technology’ identified were low price during peak period of pumpkin, lack of training and education/awareness and land owner discourage to give the same land for 2™ year. Out of nine independent variables educational qualification, training received and knowledge on sandbar cropping of the respondents showed negative significant relationship with the constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Age and fatalism showed a positive significant relationship with the same. On the other hand, family size, annual family income, aspiration and attitude towards PAB of the respondents did not show any significant relationship with the constraints of sandbar cropping technology. Main scope for practicing sandbar cropping technology as mentioned by the respondents ‘production of different crops along with pumpkin’ followed by “food security’.
CONSTRAINTS FACED BY FARMERS IN USING ICT IN AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2018-06) Mohamud, Ahmed Abdirahman; Professor Dr. Md. Faruq Hasan
The purposes of the study were to determine and describe the farmer’s profile characteristics namely: age, level of education, family size, annual income, farming experience, ICT training, use of ICTs in agricultural activities and frequency of use of ICT enablers and the constraints faced by farmers in using ICT in using in agricultural activities; to determine the constraints faced by the farmers in using ICT in agricultural activities and to explore the relationship between the selected characteristics of the farmers and their constraints of using ICT in agricultural activities. Data were collected from 102 randomly selected farmers (out of 510) of Chirirbandar Upazila of Dinajpur district from the farmers were directly or indirectly involved with Agriculture Information and Communication Centers (AICCs) of Department of Agricultural extension (DAE). A pre-tested and structured interview schedule was used to collect data from the farmers during the period of 10 April to 10 may, 2018. The constraints faced by the farmers in using ICT in agricultural activates was the focus issue of this study. A four-point rating scale was used to determine the focus variable such as very high, high, less and not at all with a score of 3, 2, 1, and 0, respectively. The scale contained 12 constraint items of the farmers. The constraints score was computed for each of the respondents by adding together all the scores obtained by for all of the constraint items. It was found that (59.80 percent) of the farmers had medium constraints as compared to (21.57 percent) had high constraints and (18.63 percent) had low constraints faced in using ICT in agricultural activities. Constraints Facing Index (CFI) for all the 12 constraints items ranged from 109.8 to 228.2 (against possible range from 0 to 306). Among the total 12 constraints “high cost of ICT enablers (CFI=228.2)” is the top most ranked constraint CFI and “not enough time to spend on ICT use (CFI=109.8)” had the last position of the rank. The correlation test was used to determine the relationships between the focus issue and the selected characteristics. Among the eight selected characteristics, the farmers’ level of education, annual family income, ICT training, use of ICTs in agricultural activities and frequency of ICT use showed significantly negative relationship with constraints in using ICTs. On the other hand, age, family size farming experience did not show any significant relationship with their constraints in using ICT