Dept. of Agroforestry And Environment

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PERFORMANCE OF FIVE WINTER VEGETABLES UNDER DIFFERENT LIGHT CONDITIONS FOR AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, 2001) MIAH, MD. MAIN UDDIN; Dr. Md. Giashuddin Miah
PERFORMANCE OF FIVE WINTER VEGETABLES UNDER DIFFERENT LIGHT CONDITIONS FOR AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, 2001) MIAH, MD. MAIN UDDIN; Dr. Md. Giashuddin Miah
The performance of five winter vegetables was evaluated under four different light levels i.e., 100, 75, 50 and 25 percent Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) at the experimental farm of the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur during November 1999 to March 2000. Different light levels i.e., 75, 50 and 25 percent PAR were attained by using nets of different pore sizes. Four winter vegetables i.e., cabbage, carrot, radish and tomato were grown as in individual experiments following the RCBD design and three varieties of eggplant i.e., Nayantara, Kajla and Uttara were grown separately in Split Plot Design. Plant height of all the five vegetables increased gradually with the decreased of light level and significantly the longest plant was found under 25 percent PAR level i.e. severe shade level. Other parameters of the tested vegetables varied differentially due to variation of light levels. In cabbage, outer leaf length increased gradually with the decreased of light levels. Outer leaf breadth and yield contributing characteristics of cabbage i.e. head length, head breadth and head fresh weight were increased progressively up to 50 percent reduction of light levels. Further reduction of light level, the above parameters were drastically decreased. Fresh and dry yield (ton/ha) of cabbage produced under 50 percent PAR level were numerically higher (29.98 and 1.90, respectively) than those of yields obtained under full sunlight (28.92 and 1.72, respectively) and 75 percent PAR (29.52 and 1.89, respectively). In carrot, two parameters, i.e. plant height and leaf length were increased with the decreased of light levels. But the other parameters showed the superior performances under 25 percent reduced light level (75% PAR) and the least performances under 25 percent PAR level. The highest yield (30.64 ton/ha) was found under 75 percent PAR (25% reduced light) which was even statistically higher than those of the yields obtained under full sunlight (100% PAR) and 50 percent PAR. In radish, leaf length and leaf breadth increased gradually with the decreased of light level. In case of number of leaves per plant and dry weight of leaves per plant, the best performances were observed under 75 percent PAR level (25% shade level) and the poorest performances were observed under 25 percent PAR level (75% shade level). The values of the yield contributing characteristics such as radish length and radish girth were found the highest under 75 percent PAR level. Similarly, significantly the highest fresh yield of radish was found under 75 percent PAR level. In tomato, some parameters such as number of primary branches, number of fruit per cluster, fruit diameter, fruit weight were decreased with the decreased of light levels, and other parameters such as number of leaves per plant, number of cluster per plant, number of fruit per plant and yield were increased up to 25 percent reduction of PAR level. Further reduction of PAR level, these parameters vi were decreased gradually. The total yield of tomato obtained under full sunlight (94.62 ton/ha), 25 percent reduced light (96.02 ton/ha) and 50 percent reduced light (87.70 ton/ha) did not vary significantly but yield obtained under 75 percent reduced light level decreased remarkably. Among three varieties of eggplant, primary branches of Nayantara and number of leaves per plant of all the varieties were the highest under 75 percent PAR level. Fruit length and number of fruits per plant of all the three varieties were higher under 100 percent PAR. Fruit diameter of Nayantara only and fruit weight of all the varieties were higher under 75 percent PAR level. Fruit diameter of other two varieties i.e. Kajla and Uttara were higher under 100 percent PAR. Yield (t/ha) of eggplant irrespective of varieties were the highest under 100 percent PAR. However, yields decreased gradually with decreased of light levels. Relationship between light and yields of the studied vegetables were estimated. In case of eggplant, linear relationship between fresh yield and percent PAR was found, whereas in case of cabbage, carrot, radish and tomato quadratic (polynomial) relationships were found. From the above studies, it may be stated that the performances of different winter vegetables under different light levels were different. But their degree of adaptability to the different light levels ie., ability to grow under shade levels in agroforestry system may be ranked as cabbage>carrot> tomato>radish>eggplant (Kajla/Nayantara>Uttara).
PERFORMANCE OF MUNGBEAN AS GREEN MANURING CROP IN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2006-06) SARKER, MD. AL MUZAHID; Md. Main Uddin Miah
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during April to July 2005 to examine the performance of mungbean varieties for improving soil health as green manuring crop in different agroforestry systems. The treatments of the experiment were three tree species with the control one viz. open field (T;), Mango (T2), Ghoraneem (T3), Ipil-ipil (T4) and five varieties of mungbean, viz.V, (BARI Mug-3), V2 (BARI Mug-4), V3 (BARI Mug-5), V4 (BARI Mug-6), V5 (Local variety). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The aim of the study was to select the suitability of the above Mungbean variety for agroforestry system. Considering varietals performance, BARI Mug-6 showed the best performance compared to other varieties in respect of biomass contribution except root weight/plant at 50 DAS. Considering tree effect, the best contribution was found in T, (open field) and lowest in T; (Ghoraneem) compared to other tree species in biomass production. In case of interaction effect BARI Mug-6 was the best performer (V4T,combination) compared to other combinations in biomass contributing parameter except root weight/plant in both 50 DAS and 75 DAS. In term of varietals performance for yield BARI Mug-S was found the best variety over other varieties. BARI Mug-5 was also found superior than other varieties in all yields contributing parameter except the number of pod/plant. iil In case of tree effect, the highest yield was obtained from T; (open field) that was followed by Mango. While the lowest performance was recorded under ghoraneem. Considering the interaction effects on yield, BARI Mug-5 in open field (V3T; combination) ensures the best performance in respect of other combinations followed by V3T, combination (BARI Mug-5 under mango).The result clearly revealed that the production of mungbean under the agroforestry species ranked as mango>ipil-ipil>ghoraneem and the best variety BARI Mug-S for yield while BARI Mug-6 for biomass.
STUDY ON SOCIAL FORESTRY PROGRAMME AND ITS EFFECTIVENESS IN COASTAL PROTECTION
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2006-06) SHAMSUZZOHA, A.H.M.; Md. Main Uddin Miah
The main purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of social forestry programme initiated in the Kutubdia and Chokaria thana of Cox’s Bazar district for coastal protection. The trend of increase and decrease of social forestry programme was determined. The opinion of the stakeholders regarding changes in socio-economic conditions and effect on coastal protection due to social forestry were also studied. Twenty percent of the total stakeholders were selected randomly to collect data having a sample size of 195. Data were collected by using interview schedule. Data were collected during 36 days. From 16 September to 21 October, 2005 The occupational structure of the population showed that 17.27 percent population are engaged in income generation activities through the social forestry programmes. In many cases there did not exist any legal constraints between the institution and participants. The economic return depended upon the variety of trees that are planted in the project area or around the homesteads. It was reported that many people (36 percent) saved their lives by taking shelter on trees in 1991 cyclone. Majority (62.1 percent) have suggested to plant trees on both sides of coastal embankment. For this, the profile should be fairly thick and start with short plants or shrubs in front and gradually higher trees at the back. It was found that social forestry programmes implemented in the selected areas generated ample employment both for men and women and also increased their daily income. It also increased additional income and wage rate for the rural poor people. The economic gain not only promotes the living status of the beneficiary members, but also brings a self-reliant attitude among the beneficiaries. Besides the economic gain, the plantation developed by social forestry activities improved the overall environmental condition at the study area. Plantation of institutional premises a play a vital role in the environmental improvement and ultimately become national property.
PERFORMANCE OF CANE AND EGGPLANT IN MULTISTORIED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2007-06) RAHMAN, MD. ZIAUR; Md. Main Uddin Miah
Two field experiments were conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during February 2006 to March 2007 to examine the performance of four cane species and one eggplant variety (Kajla) under different multipurpose trees as the middle and the lower storey crops in multistoried agroforestry system. The treatments were three tree species viz. Mehogony, Deshi neem and Eucalyptus, which were used as the upper storey. There was also a control (Open field) treatment. Four cane species namely Bhudum beth, Udum beth, Jali beth and Golla beth were used as the middle storey non-woody perennial and eggplant was used as the lower storey crop. Two separated experiments were conducted for the study. One experiment was laid out in the single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for eggplant, another one was two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for cane species. The aim of the experiments was to study the growth performances and selection of potential cane species and also to assess the morphological behaviors and fruit yield of eggplant in the said multistoried agroforestry systems.
PERFORMANCE OF TRANSPLANTED AMAN RICE UNDER DIFFERENT MULTIPURPOSE TREE SPECIES AS AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2007-06) AMIN, MD. HAFIZ ALL; Prof. Dr. Md. Sadrul Amin
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and _ Technology University, Dinajpur, during June 2006 to November 2006 to evaluate the performance of transplanted Aman rice grown under different multipurpose tree species at various shading condition. Five variety cv. BR10, BR11, BRRI dhan 33, BRRI dhan 39 and Sorna were cultivated under three different tree species namely, Black siris, Guava and Mango. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four replications where tree species were in main plot and rice variety was in sub plots. The data were collected at 30, 45, 60 and 75 DAT (days after transplanting) and finally after harvesting. The significant effect of partial shade was found in number of effective tiller / hill, length of leaf blade, breadth of leaf blade and plant height at 30 DAT, plant fresh weight, straw- root fresh & dry weight, unfilled grain / panicle, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. The varietal effect was significantly observed on number of leaf / hill, length of leaf blade, breadth of leaf blade at 30 DAT, plant height & number of effective tiller / hill at 30, 45, 60 & 75 DAT, plant fresh weight, straw root fresh and dry weight, days to maturity, panicle length, number of grain / panicle, unfilled grain / panicle, 1000 grain weight and grain yield. The interaction effect was significantly found in number of leaf / hill, length of leaf blade, breadth of leaf blade at 30 DAT, plant height at 30, 45 & 75 DAT, number of effective tiller / hill at 45 DAT, plant fresh weight straw root fresh & dry weight, unfilled grain / panicle and grain yield. It was recorded that in partial shade condition the highest grain yield (3.78 t / ha) was found under Black siris which was statistically similar to that of Mango and the lowest grain yield was found (3.50 t / ha) under Guava. The highest plant height was recorded (62.90 cm) at 30 DAT under Mango which was statistically similar to that of Black siris and the lowest plant height was found under Guava at 30 DAT.
PERFORMANCE OF CANE AND EGGPLANT IN MULTISTORIED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2007-06) RAHMAN, MD. ZIAUR; Md. Main Uddin Miah
Two field experiments were conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during February 2006 to March 2007 to examine the performance of four cane species and one eggplant variety (Kajla) under different multipurpose trees as the middle and the lower storey crops in multistoried agroforestry system. The treatments were three tree species viz. Mehogony, Deshi neem and Eucalyptus, which were used as the upper storey. There was also a control (Open field) treatment. Four cane species namely Bhudum beth, Udum beth, Jali beth and Golla beth were used as the middle storey non-woody perennial and eggplant was used as the lower storey crop. Two separated experiments were conducted for the study. One experiment was laid out in the single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for eggplant, another one was two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for cane species. The aim of the experiments was to study the growth performances and selection of potential cane species and also to assess the morphological behaviors and fruit yield of eggplant in the said multistoried agroforestry systems. Considering cane species, jali beth was the best performer compared to other cane species. Considering the tree effects, Mehogony was the best one followed by Deshi neem and significantly the poorest performance was found in the open field for the growth of cane species. ii In case of interaction effects, both the cane species and tree species, combination of Jali beth and Mehogony was the best performer compared to other combinations. Growth performances of all cane species, Jali beth was found to have vigourous growth irrespective of tree species. As far as yield (Kg/ha) of eggplant is considered, the Open field ensured the maximum yield compared to other combinations followed by Mehogony with Golla beth but the lowest performance was recorded. from the Eucalyptus with Jail beth combination.
PERFORMANCE OF TURMERIC IN THE LITCHI BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2008-06) HASAN, SALINA; Prof. Dr. Md. Abdul Hamid
The experiment was conducted at the 30 years old litchi orchard of Agroforestry Research Farm, HSTU, Dinajpur during April to December 2007. The study was to conducted investigate the performance of turmeric (var.Dimla T-027) under litchi orchard on the basis of light intensity/ distance from the tree base. The litchi tree was planted in the field by 10m x 10m distance for plant to plant and line to line also. In the experiment, there were four treatments, i.e. T; (2.0-3.0 m distance from tree base and approximately light intensity 20-30%), T, (3.0-4.0 m distance from tree base and approximately light intensity 40-50%), T; (4.0-5.0 m distance from tree base and approximately light intensity 80-90%) and T, Open field, and light intensity 100%). Values of all growth parameters of turmeric were influenced by different shade levels created due to distance from tree base. The highest plant height was recorded from T, (156.43cm) followed by T, (142.30cm). On the other hand the lowest value was recorded in T, (115.20cm). Number of leaf per plant and number of tiller per plant were highest in T; (8.73and 3.33) followed by T, (7.53 and 2.73). On the other hand the lowest values were found in T; (5.53 and 2.23). But the value of all yield contributing attributes (number of fingers per plant, finger fresh weight per plant, finger dry weight per plant, rhizome fresh weight per plant and rhizome dry weight per plant) were the maximum in T; followed by T,. Significantly the highest yield (23.59 t/ha) of turmeric was recorded in T; followed by T, (18.20 t/ha) while significantly the lowest yield was obtained in T, (10.7 t/ha). The study suggested that up to 3.0m distance from tree base could not be used for turmeric production.
PERFORMANCE OF OKRA, CANE AND MULTIPURPOSE TREE SPECIES IN MULTISTORIED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2008-06) ALI, MD. SHAHAJAHAN; Md. Main Uddin Miah
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during 20 April to 20 July 2007 to evaluate the performance of Okra plant and four cane species under different multipurpose trees as the lower and the middle storey crops in multistoried agroforestry system. The treatments were three tree species viz. Mehogony, Deshi neem and Eucalyptus, which were used as the upper storey. There was also a control (Open field) treatment. Four cane species namely Bhudum beth, Udum beth, Jali beth and Golla beth were used as the middle storey non-woody perennial and okra was used as the lower storey crop. This experiment was laid out in the single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for okra and two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for cane species. The aim of the experiments was to study the growth performance and selection of potential tree and cane species and also to assess the morphological behaviors and fruit yield of okra in the said multistoried agroforestry system. Considering cane species, jali beth was the best performer compared to other cane species. Udum beth + Deshi Neem was found as the best combination Significantly the lowest peformance was found in open field irrespective of cane species. Considering the tree effects, Mehogony was the best one followed by Deshi neem and significantly the poorest performance was found in the open field. Considering the lower storied crop (okra), highest vegetative growth was under mehogony with Jali beth combination followed by mehogony with Golla beth combination. In case of yield, the Open field ensured the maximum yield compared to other combinations followed by Mehogony with Golla beth but the lowest performance was recorded from the Eucalyptus with Jail beth combination.
PERFORMANCE OF CABBAGE AND CAULIFLOWER UNDER TWO MULTIPURPOSE TREE SPECIES
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2008-06) LAKRA, PONKOJ; Md. Main Uddin Miah
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Department of Agroforestry, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during 24" November 2007 to 24" February 2008 to evaluate the performance of cabbage and cauliflower under two multipurpose trees .1.e.black siris (Albezia lebbeck) and mango (Mangifera indica) .There was also a control plot (open field). Local variety of cabbage and cauliflower were used as test crops. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with three replications. The data were collected at 20, 40, and 60 DAT (day after transplanting) for growth parameter. The significant effect of different tree association was found in the following growth characteristics i.e number of outer leaf, leaf breath, leaf weight, plant height, root length curd size of cauliflower and head size of cabbage At 80 DAP (at harvesting time) growth and yield contributing characteristics were measured. It was recorded that in partial shade condition the higher yield of cabbage would produced (28.33t/ha) and cauliflower (38.33t/ha) were recorded in mango field than black siris. Both the crops showed significantly the lowest yield potential under black series and the values were 18.50t/ha and 28.50 t/ha for cabbage and cauliflower respectively. The study revealed that both cabbage and cauliflower can be produced under 4 years old mango tree without significant yield loss as compared to open field but the yield of cauliflower (38.33 t/ha) were greater than that of cabbage. The black siris created approximately 55-60 % shade was not found suitable for cabbage and cauliflower production. Hence it can be advocated that production of cauliflower with early aged (up to 4 years) mango tree created around 45-50% shade could be profitable agroforestry practice.
PERFORMANCE OF OKRA, CANE AND MULTIPURPOSE TREE SPECIES IN MULTISTORIED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2008-06) ALI, MD. SHAHAJAHAN; Md. Main Uddin Miah
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during 20 April to 20 July 2007 to evaluate the performance of Okra plant and four cane species under different multipurpose trees as the lower and the middle storey crops in multistoried agroforestry system. The treatments were three tree species viz. Mehogony, Deshi neem and Eucalyptus, which were used as the upper storey. There was also a control (Open field) treatment. Four cane species namely Bhudum beth, Udum beth, Jali beth and Golla beth were used as the middle storey non-woody perennial and okra was used as the lower storey crop. This experiment was laid out in the single factor Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for okra and two factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications for cane species. The aim of the experiments was to study the growth performance and selection of potential tree and cane species and also to assess the morphological behaviors and fruit yield of okra in the said multistoried agroforestry system. Considering cane species, jali beth was the best performer compared to other cane species. Udum beth + Deshi Neem was found as the best combination Significantly the lowest peformance was found in open field irrespective of cane species. Considering the tree effects, Mehogony was the best one followed by Deshi neem and significantly the poorest performance was found in the open field. Considering the lower storied crop (okra), highest vegetative growth was under mehogony with Jali beth combination followed by mehogony with Golla beth combination. In case of yield, the Open field ensured the maximum yield compared to other combinations followed by Mehogony with Golla beth but the lowest performance was recorded from the Eucalyptus with Jail beth combination.
PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN SPINACH AND PINEAPPLE — AT DIFFERENT ORIENTATIONS OF LITCHI TREE
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2008-06) UDDIN, MD. NASIR; Md. Main Uddin Miah
A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University during February 2007 to January 2008 to examine the growth performance of Pineapple and Indian spinach grown at different orientations around litchi tree. There were five treatments viz. 4 different orientations (north, south, east and west) of litchi tree for production of Indian spinach in association with pineapple and one control plot. The treatments were as follows T; — North orientation (average 37.12 % shade), T2 - South orientation (average 22.03 % shade), T3 — East orientation (average shade 48.61 %), T,— West orientation (average 40.16 % shade) and T;— open field (No shade). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCDB) with three replications. The aim of the study was to detect the orientational effect (Various shade % created by tree canopy) of litchi tree in multistoried agroforestry system. The longest plant of Indian spinach as well as pineapple were recorded in east orientation. The values of all other parameters were found highest in open field (full sun light). Significantly the highest yield (7.12 ton ha’') of Indian spinach was recorded in open field followed by south orientation (6.60 ton ha’') while the lowest yield (5.80 ton ha”) was found in the east orientation. On the other hand pineapple exhibited the highest value for all its growth parameters under litchi tree with the increase of shade level, (East>West>North>South>Open field). Moreover, the results indicate that, the litchi orchard of northern part of Bangladesh have the potentiality to produce pineapple as well as Indian spinach as multistoried production concept, although the yield performance of pineapple was not achieved in this study as it needs another year for its perennial life cycle.
The Distribution and Decomposition of Organic Phosphorus and Organic Nitrogen in River Ecosystems of Korea
(Kangwon National University, 2010-02) Islam, Mohammad Jahidul; Bomchul Kim
The spatial and temporal distributions of phosphorus and nitrogen and a number of physical, chemical and biological parameters were analyzed to in the Youngsan and the Sumjin River systems, Korea. Substantial amount of P and N was observed in both the rivers all the year round. Mean N:P ratios showed large variations among the sampling sites; highest ratio was observed in most sampling sites during summer. Relative proportions of DOP: TP were fairly constant (0.08-0.09) in both the rivers. In the composition of nitrogen almost all sampling sites of both the rivers were dominated with NO;-N followed by NH3- N and NO>-N. Variations in dissolved nutrients tended to co-vary with particulate forms (PON and POP), implying that dissolved nutrients are primarily released from the decomposition of particulate forms or dissolved forms are in equilibrium with particulate forms. Chlorophyll a levels in the Sumjin River appear to be negatively correlated with the ammonia, implying ammonia is absorbed by algae with preference. While chlorophyll a was positively correlated with TP and DIP in the Sumjin River, negative correlations of these parameters was observed in the Youngsan River. The pattern in concentration of nutrients was found to be related with land use and domestic sewage in the study area. Inter-parameter relationships may be strongly influenced by geographical factors relative to temporal factors.
MAXIMIZATION OF LAND USE THROUGH AGROFORESTRY PRACTICES IN FLOODPLAIN ECOSYSTEM OF BANGLADESH
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2010-05) MIAH, MD. MAIN UDDIN; Prof. Dr. Musharraf Hossain Mian
Eight field experiments were carried out at the agroforestry research farm of Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during November 2005 to June 2008 to search the suitable agroforestry practices and high productive multistoried agroforestry systems. T’. aman-wheat-mungbean cropping pattern was tested in black siris, guava and mango orchard and multistoried experiment were arranged with goraneem, ipil-ipil, banana, potato and onion. In this experiment, goraneem and ipil-ipil were used as the upper storied tree species and banana was middle storied; where potatoes followed by onion were the lower storied crops. The experiments for T. aman, wheat and mungbean were laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Tree species including one control plot were used as main plot and five (5) varieties of each test crops were assigned in sub plot. Varieties BR 10 (V;), BR 11 (V2), BRRI Dhan 33 (V3), BRRI dhan 39 (V4) and Sorna (local) were used for T. aman; Gourove (Vj), Sourave (V2), Shatabdi (V3), Kanchan (V4) and Protiva (Vs) were used for wheat; BARI Mug 3 (V;), BARI Mug 4 (V2), BARI Mug 5 (V3), BARI Mug 6 (V4) and local varieties (Vs) were used for mungbean. Other experiments for banana, potato and onion in multistoried were arranged in single factor RCBD with three replications.The study showed that various light intensities of different tree species had pronounced effect on the morpho - physiological, yield and yield contributing characters of all tested crop varieties. Considering the yield, yield attributes, HI, LER and BCR values, BR 11 for T.aman, shatabdi for wheat and BARI Mug 6 for mungbean were found superior over other varieties in most of the treatment combinations. Hence, T. amanwheat-mungbean cropping pattern (BR11- Shatabdi - BARI mug 6) in association with mango tree was found highly profitable and sustainable agroforestry practice followed by black siris based T. aman-wheat-mungbean cropping pattern. Guava was not found suitable at all for agroforestry practice especially for tested cropping pattern. Among the different combinations of multistoried systems, goraneem + banana + potato-onion system was found highly productive followed by ipil-ipil + banana + potato-onion, on the basis of LER and BCR. Effect of lower storey crops on the growth performance of MPTs showed that most of the system showed synergistic effect on crops and trees in the first year. In the following years lower storied crop yield reduced due to larger canopy effect but increment of trees enhanced due to lower storied crop management (fertilizer and irrigation) compared to open field. The highest boostering effect was found in goraneem followed by black siris. The soil properties almost remained unchanged. Soil p', calcium and magnesium were slightly increased in the soil of agroforestry systems. The study revealed that Amrapali (mango) based agroforestry using BR 11 — ShatabdiBARI Mug 6 varieties for T. aman, wheat and mungbean, respectively was the best puaatics pe the basis of sustainability evaluation which produced net return of Tk 5.12 lakh hectare” year’! followed by goraneem based ( hana + potato-onion) multistoried production aysteti sata produced Tk 3.21 lakh hectare”! year". The least production (Tk 1.12 lakh hectare’ year") was found from banana grown under ipil-ipil.
VARIETAL PERFORMANCE OF WHEAT UNDER MANGO BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2010-08) FOYSUL, MD. TARAK; Md. Shoaibur Rahman
An experiment was carried out at the Agroforestry Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur, during 24 November 2009 to 15 March 2010 to observe the performance of wheat varieties under mango tree in the different shading conditions. Four different wheat varieties like Bijoy, Satabdi, BAW-1059 and Prodip were used in the case of mango based agroforestry system; it was consisted of mango at the top layer and the tested wheat crops at the ground layer. There was also a control (Open field) treatment. The experiment was laid out in the two factors Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The results of the study revealed that growth and yield contributing characters of wheat were vary significantly with different production systems. Significant effect of different systems was found on the plant height, number of effective tiller plant’, length of spike (cm), no. of spikelet spike’, effective spikelet spike’, no. of grain plant’, grain weight plant (g), 1000-grain weight plant". Again, the quality parameter (germination %, vigour test, root & shoot length, root and shoot fresh & dry weight plant “') of wheat were also vary significantly with different production systems. Germination %, vigor test and root length (cm) of wheat were the highest when it was grown in sole cropping whereas root and shoot dry weight/plant (g) was maximum when it was grown under mango based agroforestry systems. In case of yield, the highest yield was obtained in sole cropping of wheat while lowest yield was found under mango based agroforestry systems. Again, in respect of the wheat varieties (Bijoy, Satabdi, BAW-1059 and Prodip), Prodip gave the maximum yield under mango based agroforestry systems and also in sole cropping. The suitability of the cultivation of wheat variety under mango based agroforestry systems may be ranked as Prodip> BA W-1059 > Satabdi > Bijoy. Again, BCR of mango based agroforestry system (3.04) was superior over control (2.55). From the findings it may be predicted that the cultivation of wheat in the floor of mango orchard ensures higher revenue to the farmers compared to its sole cropping. Among the four varieties, Prodip was the best performer to be grown under mango based agroforestry systems considering the additional returns as per investment in terms of money and time.
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF Albizia lebbeck, Leucaenea leucocephala, Melia azedarach AND Litchi chinensis ON AGRICULTURAL CROPS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2010-08) PARVIN, ROZINA; Dr. Md. Shafiqul Bari
A pot experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University during May 2009 to July 2009 to observe the allelopathic effects of Albizia lebbeck, Leucaena leucocephala, Melia azedarach and Litchi chinensis on two agricultural crops viz: mungbean and soybean. There were four experiments and each experiment had five treatments viz: T; (top soil); T, (root zone soil); T3 (soil mulched with dry leaf); Ty (soil watered with aqueous leaf extract); T; (control/fresh garden soil). The experiments were laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications. The results of the present studies revealed that inhibition of germination and growth parameters of mungbean and soybean were varied according to different parts of plants and soil from different place. Incase of Albizia lebbeck the allelopathic effects of the treatments were as the following order: T, (soil watered with aqueous leaf extract) > T (root zone soil) >T; (soil mulched with dry leaf>T, (top soil)>T, (control / fresh garden soil); For Leucaena leucocephala: T, (soil watered with aqueous leaf extract)>T, (top soil)>T; (soil mulched with dry leaf) >T; (control / fresh garden soil) >T, (root zone soil ); For Melia azedarach: T> (root zone soil) >T3 (soil mulched dry leaf) >T, (soil watered with aqueous leaf extract >T; (top soil > T; control / fresh garden soil; For Litchi chinensis:T3 (soil mulched with dry leaf)>T, (soil watered with aqueous leaf extracts)>T, (top soil)>T2 (root zone soil)>T; (control/fresh garden soil). Among the four tree species Leucaena leucocephala has little stimulatory effects on mungbean and soybean. In agroforestry system, Leucaena leucochephala is a better choice as compared to the other tree species like Albizia lebbeck, Melia azedarach and Litchi chinensis. Although, Melia azedarach is well-known for its biological activities in many countries, the inhibitory effects were also observed. However, the allelopathic effects of the trees on the tested crops were as the following the order: Litchi chinensis > Albizia lebbeck> Melia azedarach> Leucaena leucocephala. Among the different parts of the trees, fresh leaf extracts had more inhibitory effects as compared to the other parts of trees like root and dry leaf.
PATHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF DISEASES IN BROILER AT DINAJPUR DISTRICT
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2010-08) SALAM, MD. ABDUS
The prevalence of diseases in broiler encountered in commercial broiler farms at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh was pathologically investigated. The course of the study was one year from September, 2009 to August, 2010 under the Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur. The diagnosis of different disease conditions was done based on history, clinical signs, characteristic gross morbid lesions and histopathological study. In the present investigation, a total of 264 dead birds were collected for necropsy from different broiler farms. The highest proportional incidence of the diseases in broiler in the present investigation was recorded 25.75% which was due to Infectious bursal disease (IBD). This was followed by Newcastle disease (17.72%), Colibacillosis (14.01%), Coccidiosis (8.71%), MC complex (8.71%), Salmonellosis (7.57%), Aspergillosis (4.92%), Deficiency disorders (4.92%), Aflatoxicosis (4.54%) and Miscellaneous disease conditions (3.40%). The findings indicate that Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is the major disease problem in broiler farming at Dinajpur.
AGRO-ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF GIMA KALMI UNDER GHORA NEEM AND IPIL-IPIL BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2011-07) ISLAM, MD. NURUL; Dr. Md. Alamgir Hasan
An experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Research Farm of the Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during the period from 5" April to 20" May, 2009 to investigate the canopy shade effect of ghora neem and ipil-ipil trees, different levels of fertilizer and plant densities on the growth and yield of Gima Kalmi (Jpomoea reptans). There were three canopy orientations viz., no canopy, ghora neem canopy (Melia azedarach) and ipil-ipil canopy (Leucaena leucocephala), four levels of fertilizer viz. no fertilizer, recommended fertilizer, 20% and 40% less than the recommended fertilizer, three levels of plant density viz., 30 cm x 15 cm, 30 cm x 25 cm and 30 cm x 30 cm as treatments of the experiment. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Performance of Gima Kalmi grown under no canopy, ghora neem canopy and ipil-ipil canopy were evaluated. The plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, fresh weight of foliage per plant, yield per plot and yield per hectare grown under ghora neem and ipil-ipil canopy showed significantly reduction than those grown in no canopy. The ranked order of different canopy shade for better performance were no canopy > ghora neem canopy > ipil-ipil canopy. In combined effects of different canopies and different levels of fertilizer the highest plant height, number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, fresh weight foliage per plant, yield per plot were 28.89 cm, 78.79, 11.59, 87.79 g were found in no canopy with recommended fertilizers. The combined effects of different canopy and different plant densities on the growth and yield of Gima Kalmi did not show any remarkable variation among the parameters. The combined effects of different plant densities and different levels of fertilizer showed significant variation on the growth and yield of Gima Kalmi. The highest plant height (25.30 cm), number of leaves per plant (68.17), number of branches per plant (10.02), fresh weight foliage per plant (72.04 g) were recorded in 30 cm x 15 cm with recommended fertilizers. The combined effects of different canopy shade, plant densities and different levels of fertilizer resulted statistically significant on the growth and yield of Gima kalmi. The highest plant height (30.10 cm), number of leaves per plant (78.80), number of branches per plant (12.90) were found in recommended fertilizers, 30 cm x 30 cm plant density in open condition i.e. no canopy. The yield per plot and yield per hectare (1.26 kg and 12.60 t) were recorded in recommended fertilizers with 30 cm x 15 cm plant density in open condition i.e. no canopy, respectively. In terms of benefit-cost ratio, the highest benefit-cost ratio (4.28) was recorded from ghora neem + Gima Kalmi based agroforestry system followed by ipil-ipil + Gima Kalmi based agroforestry system than in sole cropping (no canopy, open field condition). So, Gima Kalmi can profitably be cultivated in ghora neem based agroforestry systems.
VARIETAL PERFORMANCE OF TURMERIC UNDER LITCHI BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEMS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2012-01) SARKER, MD. MOSARAFF ALI; Prof.Dr. Md. Shafiqul Bari
VARIETAL PERFORMANCE OF NAPIER (Pennisetum purpureum) FODDER UNDER MANGO BASED AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM
(HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR, 2012-07) YESMIN, FARJANA; Prof.Dr.Md.Shfiqul Bari
An experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Research Farm, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur during May to July 2010 to investigate the performance of napier fodder varieties undere mango (Mangifera indica) orchard. The experiment was consisted of 2 factors RCBD with 3 (three) replications. Among the two factors, one factor A was two production systems: S, = mango + napier and S, = napier (sole crop); another factor B was three napier varieties: V; = BARI Napier- 1 (Bazra), V2 = BARI Napier-2 (Arusha) and V3 = BARI Napier-3 (Hybrid). The experimental results revealed that the main effect of variety on growth, yield contributing characters and yield of napier fodder were significantly varied from each other. The highest yield (4.97, 10.93 and 5.13 tha” at 1‘, 2™ and 3™ harvest, respectively) was recorded in variety Bazra whereas the lowest yield (2.14, 5.47 and 2.85 tha’ at 1‘, 2" and 3™ harvest, respectively) was recorded in variety Hybrid. Again, the yield of napier fodder were significantly influenced by the main effect of different production systems. The highest yield (10.01, 21.56 and 10.64tha” at 1‘, 2™ and 3" harvest, respectively) of napier was recorded under mango based AGF system. Significantly, the lowest yield (8.28, 19.54 and 8.71 tha” at 1°, 2" and 3™ harvest, respectively) was recorded in open condition i.e. sole cropping. Moreover, the interaction effect of different napier fodder variety and production system on the yield of napier was found significantly different at different harvest. The highest yield (6.53, 12.13 and 5.60 tha” at 1%, 2" and 3™ harvest, respectively) was recorded in mango based AGF system with Bazra variety and the lowest yield (1.88, 5.60 and 2.85 tha’! at 1", 2™ and 3™ harvest, respectively) was found in mango based AGF system with Hybrid variety. Therefore, the suitability of napier cultivation under mango based AGF system may be ranked as Bazra > Arusha > Hybrid variety. Again, in case of economical analysis the BCR of mango based AGF system (3.91) was superior over sole cropping (3.28). So, from the findings it may be concluded that the cultivation of napier in the floor of mango orchard ensures higher revenue to the farmers compared to its sole cropping.