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Modeling Method of Stress Concentrated Members for First Order Analysis
(The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2003) Khan, Md,ShawkutAli; YAMAZAKI, Koetsu
This paper proposes a modeling method of stress-concentrated members for the first; der analysis(FOA). When a complicated solid structure is simplified as an assemblage of simple beam elements applied to elements forces such as axial force, shear force, bending moment, and twisting moment, the total stiffness equation for FOA of the solid structure is constructed and solved for the given boundary and loading conditions by the usual FEM manner. Then, the total deformation of the simple model is estimated and the element forces are calculated at the element level, The stress concentration of simplified each member with holes, notches, and variable cross-section is also predicted by the suggested approximate formulation, A U-notched3D-model is picked up and how precisely the suggested formulas can predict the stress concentration will be shown. These formulas can be used to show the influence of the design parameter changes to the designer and how the load transmission path will change by the design changes
Proposal for a numerical definition of standard depths
(School of Textiles and Design, Heriot-Watt University, Galashiels TD1 3HF, UK, 2006-09-25) Wardman, R H; Islam, S; Smith, J
Surfaces of uniform visual depth were mapped in L*a*b* colour space, at six levels of depth, from visual assessments made by a panel of professional colourists employed in the dye manufacturing industry. By interpolation, the surfaces of uniform visual depth at depths corresponding to the average of the ISO standard depths were determined. The algorithms developed enable the determination of the L* value that a colour of any hue or chroma should have in order for it to correspond to one of the standard depths
CIVIL SOCIETY IN A WEAK STATE: THE CASE OF BANGLADESH, 1971-2006
(Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences International Islamic University Malaysia, 2009-02) Kabir, Kazi Shahdat
The study examines the role of civil society in a weak state that is Bangladesh. Data has been collected from two main sources namely documents and interviews. This study assumes that firstly the type, nature and the distribution of power in the state determines the relationship between state and the civil society; secondly, civil society groups tend to take over the key functions of the state and emboldened by their success, the civil society groups, tend to deviate from their traditional activities and get involved in business and political activities; thirdly, that strong civil society groups in a weak state become intolerant towards their fellow groups, social values and the state and finally, challenged by increasing civil society activities, the state undertakes steps to regain control over the civil society. However, this research has examined the involvement of the Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs in Bangladesh. Larry Diamond and Edward Shills have agreed that the civil society organisations are distinct from other groups in the society at least in four basic respect which are: concern with public ends, voluntary and non-profit making, non-political and civil and tolerant. Two main NGOs in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) and Proshika Manabik Unnyan Kendra [Proshika Human Development Centre] are the focus of the study. The study has found that the NGOs claiming to be part of civil society organisations do not exhibit all the above four characteristics. Although NGOs work for public ends they go against the other indicators such as voluntary, non-profit making, non-political, civility and tolerance. Throughout the history of Bangladesh, the State has shown some reactions whenever the NGOs have gone beyond the traditional civil society concept.
Beckett’s Godot: Not Just an Enigma
(Harvest: Jahangirnagar Studies in Language and Literature, 2011) Rahman, M.Mahbub
Waiting for Godot was a unique outburst in the literary world that changed the face of twentieth century drama. Samuel Beckett is a peculiar brand of the era. His weird ideas expounded within the framework of a few acts certainly allow him a stature quite distinct from his contemporaries whose works are expressions of their personal experiences, which Albert Camus characterized as ‘absurdity’. One might feel that Beckett has made the feelings of absurdity yet uncertain, more philosophic and therefore distinctly obscure, it is difficult to pin point and pronounce a last word. I consider Beckett’s dramatic art to be expressions of his most intimate visions on the fundamental philosophical question about the place of the human being in the surrounding world. His characters are perceived not as distinct individuals rather as grossly generalized images of all ‘mankind’who have become the slaves of an uncaring and cruel world. So, they need a Godot to give a meaning to their existence. It is true that character flaws are exaggerated and characters appear to be dull and boring yet Beckett’s characters are stereotype and they represent mankind in general. This paper analyses Beckett’s Godot not just an enigma rather it represents human life. It will also focus why there is no escape from Godot to live the human life.
Weed Population Dynamics under Climatic Change
(Weed & Turfgrass Science, 2012) Bir, Md. Shahidul Haque; Eom, Min Yong; Uddin, Md. Romij; Park, Tae Seon; Kang, Hang Won; Kim, Do Soon; Park, Kee Woong
This paper provides some of the scientific background on how projected environmental conditions could affect weeds and weed management in crops. Elevated CO2 levels may have positive effects on crop competitiveness with C4 weeds, but these are generally outnumbered by C3 species in weed populations. Moreover, higher temperatures and drought will favor C4 over C3 plants. The implementation of climate change adaptation technologies, such as drought-tolerant germplasm and water-saving irrigation regimes, will have consequences for crop–weed competition. Rainfed production systems are thought to be most vulnerable to the direct effects of climate change and are likely to face increased competition from C4 and parasitic weeds. Biotic stress-tolerant crop cultivars to be developed for these systems should encompass weed competitiveness and parasitic-weed resistance. In irrigated systems, indirect effects will be more important and weed management strategies should be diversified to lessen dependency on herbicides and mechanical control, and be targeted to perennial rhizomatous (C3) weeds. Water-saving production methods that replace a weed-suppressive floodwater layer by intermittent or continuous periods of aerobic conditions necessitate additional weed management strategies to address the inherent increases in weed competition. Thus, climatic conditions have a great effect on weed population dynamics all over the world.
Nora: Birth of a Free Soul
(Harvest: Jahangir Nagar Studies in Language and Literature, 2012) Rahman, M.Mahbub
Nora is one of the most complex characters in the realm of 19 th century drama. At the beginning of the play, A Doll's House we find that Nora doesn't realize that she has got a self of her own. Rather, the purpose of her life is to please Torvald or her father, and to raise her children. But by the end of the play, she discovers that her "most sacred duty" is to herself. After the epiphany, she leaves her home to find out who she is and what she thinks. In the play A Doll's House, we learn and discover many things about the protagonist as Nora is presented differently at various stages in here. We notice how her character changes as a result of Ibsen's approach to creating her personality and the way in which she is presented. In this paper I will be looking how both Helmer and the society spark the beginning of the journey through the search of her inner self and how Ibsen is giving us an insight into Nora at each stage of the play. Through her, Ibsen portrays not only the universal position of women, but also their lifelong search for independence and renewal of an individual which seems to be a very important development for human beings. I don't want to see Nora as a free woman, rather as an independent individual-a human being-a free soul, Ibsen is not a feminist, rather a humanist. This paper is also a study which compares and contrasts Nora with other powerful characters in the dramatic literature like Antigone, Clytemenstra, Medea, and Lady Macbeth to show that Nora possesses totally different attitude towards life. I won't call A Doll's House a tragedy; rather, it proclaims an epiphany for Nora as well as for the mankind who are in chain. The main notification of this paper is to back up the concept that in Henric Ibsen's A Doll's House, Nora symbolizes not only a woman's quest for freedom, but also that to free one's soul.
Measuring Socio-Economic conditions of Street Beggars at Dhaka City in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study
(Lok Proshason Samoeeky, 2012-09) Kabir, Kazi Shahdat; Al Helal, md. Abdullah; Rahman, Md. Mahbubur
EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF PHOSPHORUS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF BRRI DHAN29
(BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF PROGRESSIVE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 2014-07) Robbani, MG; Hoque, MA; Huda, A; Bir, MSH; Haque, MM; Uddin, MJ
An experiment was carried out at Mymensingh during the period from February to June 2011 to study the effects of different sources of phosphorus on the growth and yield of BRRI dhan29. The experiment was designed with six treatments and laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatment combinations were TO: control (No P), T1 : 100% P from Triple super phosphate (TSP), T2 : 100% P from Di ammonium phosphate (DAP), T3 : 100% P from compost, T4 : 50% P from TSP + 50% P from compost T5 : 50% P from DAP + 50% P from compost. All the plots received P from different sources @ 25 kg ha-1 except control. Application of different sources of P resulted in a significant increase in yield contributing characters of BRRI dhan29. The effect of DAP was more pronounced than that of TSP or compost. Application of P also significantly increased the grain and straw yields of rice. The highest grain (5.19 ha-1) and straw (7.11 t ha-1) yields were observed by the addition of P from DAP while the lowest grain (3.95 t ha -1) and straw (4.20 t ha-1) yields were observed in control treatment where no P fertilizers were added. Results also indicate that application of DAP caused a remarkable increase in grain and straw yields of rice. Application of P from different sources led to an increase in NPKS contents and uptake by rice. In most cases, DAP resulted in a higher nutrient uptake by rice crop. DAP can be used as a better source of P fertilizer compared to TSP or compost for rice cultivation in Bangladesh.
Combined effect of herbicides on the weed management of rice
(1Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University, 2015) AFRIN, NAHID; BHUIYA, MD. SULTAN UDDIN; UDDIN, MD. ROMIJ; BIR, MD. SHAHIDUL HAQUE; PARK, KEE WOONG
An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh between December 2013 to May 2014. The purpose of the experiment was to investigate the combined effect of herbicides on the weed management of rice. The experiment consisted of two varieties, BR 14 (Gazi) and BRRI dhan 28 along with nine different weed management treatments such as weedy check, the recommended dose of Manage 10 WP, recommended dose of Polifit 500 EC, 70% of Manage+20% of Polifit, 20% of Manage+70% of Polifit, 60% of Manage+20% of Polifit, 20% of Manage+60% of Polifit, 50% of Manage+20% of Polifit and 20% of Manage+50% of Polifit. Twelve weed species belonging to five families infested the experimental plots. In the BR14 Variety at 20, 40 and 60 days after transplanting (DAT), lower weed population/ m2 and weed dry weight (g/m2), but higher weed control efficiencies of 65.52, 60.35 and 66.98% were realized, respectively. The recommended dose of Polifit 500 EC treatment resulted in the lowest weed population and weed dry weight as well as the highest weed control efficiency of 83.45, 84.93 and 87.07% at 20, 40 and 60 DAT, respectively. Therefore, to control weeds in an effective manner and in order to get the optimum grain yield in boro rice, an application of Polifit 500 EC should be applied.
Culture Shock and the Adaptation Process of Rural Students at Universities in Dhaka
(DBpia, 2015-10) Helal, Abdullah Al; Kabir, Kazi Shahadat; Rahman, Mahbubur
In recent years, due to economic development and globalization, there is a dramatic increase of rural students who are moving towards Dhaka, capital of Bangladesh, in order to get higher education in various universities. Study found that after arriving Dhaka most of them experience varieties of culture shock. It causes stress, fatigue, loss of appetite and identity crisis problem that appears difficult to them to adapt with the new environment. However, the students hailed from rural area adopt some strategies to cope with the cultural distance and at last they do adjust with that new culture. The study is carried out to know the extent of culture shock experienced by rural students at different private universities situated at Dhaka city. It also suggests some strategies for the rural students to deal with cultural shock. The data used for this study has been drawn from in-depth interviews conducted on the rural students of ten private universities located in Dhaka City.
Thermal Performance Analysis of a Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe without Insert and with Insert
(International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT), 2016) Rahman, Md. Lutfor; Sifat, Najmus Saquib; Rahman, Md. Zakaria; Ali, M.
In this paper, thermal performance of a Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe (CLPHP) without insert and with insert inside the tube has been investigated. The effect of different parameters like working fluid, the filling ratio, inclination angle and the input heat load on the thermal performance has been analyzed thoroughly. In this study, CLPHP is made from long capillary copper tubes with inner diameter of 2.0 mm and outer diameter of 3.0 mm. The heat pipe is bent into eight U-turns and divided into three sections: evaporator section (50 mm), adiabatic section (120 mm) and condenser section (80 mm). Adiabatic section is maintained by using aluminum foil surrounded by appropriate insulation. An insert made of copper wire with diameter 0.5mm is used throughout the tube of all three sections. Methanol and Ethanol are used as working fluids with different filling ratio varied from 40% to 60% in steps of 10%. The thermal resistance has been investigated with different inclination angles (viz. 0°, 30°, 45° and 60° from vertical) at various heat input from 10 to 100W in the steps of 10W. The result shows that, the thermal resistance decreases as heat input increases. CLPHP with insert structure shows better performance than the CHPHP without insert structure particularly at 45°inclination angle. CLPHP without insert structure shows better performance than the CHPHP with insert structure at 00 inclinations. Methanol with 40% filling ratio and Ethanol with 60% filling ratio shows the best performance at 0° inclination angle for CLPHP without insert structure. CLPHP with insert structure shows better performance than the CLPHP without insert structure at high heat input particularly at 45°inclination angle.
Experimental Investigation on Thermal Performance of a Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe without Fin and with Fin Structure
(American Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Science and Education Publishing), 2016) Rahman, Md. Lutfor; Kader, Md. Faisal; Rahman, Md. Zakaria; Ali, M.
Pulsating Heat Pipe (PHP) is a new and emerging cooling technique in the field of thermal management especially in microelectronics. To fulfill the increasing demand of power electronic applications, PHP is a proven technology which works on principle of self-oscillation of the working fluid and phase change heat transfer phenomenon in a capillary tube. In this paper, the thermal performance of a closed loop pulsating heat pipe (CLPHP) without fin and with fin at the condenser section by using Acetone and Water as working fluid has been investigated experimentally. The effects of different parameters include the filling ratios (from 40% to 70% in steps of 10%), the inclination angles ( 0°, 30°, 45°, and 60°), and at various heat input (10 to 10W in the steps of 10W) has been investigated thoroughly. In this study CLPHP is made from long capillary copper tube with inner diameter of 2.0 mm and outer diameter of 3.0 mm. The heat pipe is bent into eighth number of U-turns and divided into three sections, evaporator section (50 mm), adiabatic section (120 mm) and condenser section (80 mm). Adiabatic section is maintained by using aluminum foil surrounded by appropriate insulation. The result shows that, the thermal resistance decreases as heat input increases. But at low heat input i.e. up to 60W, the thermal resistance decreases rapidly and the PHP performance is more sensitive to the inclination angle whereas high heat input i.e. above 60W, the thermal resistance decreases slowly and comparatively less independent to the inclination angle. Evaporator dry out is occurred for acetone at low filling ratio with 40% and 50% at heat input 40W and 50 W respectively. CLPHP with fin structure shows better performance than the CHPHP without fin structure at high heat input. Acetone with 70% filling ratio and water with 50% filling ratio shows the best performance at 0° inclination angle for both structures.
Just Trivial or Weighty: A Study on Beckett’s Tramps from Shakespearean Fool to Ahmad’s Vagabonds in Waiting for Godot, King Lear and The Thing
(Ideas: A Journal of Literature Arts and Culture, 2016) Rahman, A. Mahbub
This paper examines the presence and significance of vagabonds in Shakespeare’s King Lear, Beckett’s Waiting for Godot and Ahmad’s The Thing, and shows how Beckett’s tramps are similar to Shakespearean fool and Ahmad’s vagabonds. As not enough attention has been given to the recurrent presence of vagabonds in world literature, this research sheds some light on the Fool in King Lear to identify how Beckett’s tramps in Waiting for Godot are similar to Shakespearean fool and Ahmad’s vagabonds in The Thing from the philosophical perspectives concentrating on the reality of absurdity in their plays. Lear’s Fool tells the truths by criticizing his master and reminding him of the wrong decisions he has made whereas the vagabonds in Waiting for Godot and The Thing tell truths about the harsh reality and predicaments of human existence in different forms and faces. The use of language is different from one another because they manipulate it to create misunderstanding and word games in implicit and philosophic manners. Through the actions and dialogues of Beckett’s tramps and Ahmad’s vagabonds, we can perceive that life is absurd and that we live in a world full of uncertainties. In this qualitative research, apparently, the fool, the tramps and the vagabonds may seem trivial but they are of great significance in the theater and have a distinctive manner of interrelating with other characters as well as with the audiences through their philosophic voices telling the truth.
Effect of different transplanting methods on yield of Binadhan-14 (Oryza sativa L.) at late boro season under climate change
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), 2016) ISLAM, MD. MONJURUL; RAHMAN, MD. HABIBUR; ISLAM, MD. SHAHIDUL; SAHA, MAMATA; KAMRUZZAMAN, MD.; BIR, MD. SHAHIDUL HAQUE; ROH, SUG-WON; PARK, KEE WOONG
To find out the suitable planting method under climate change on the yield and yield attributes of late boro rice in Bangladesh, an experiment was conducted at Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) farms at boro season of 2014-15. Three different sowing methods viz., direct seeding with sprouting seed & without sprouting seed and transplanting were practised to evaluate Binadhan-14 along with one check BRRI dhan 28. Due to climate change, water level goes downwards, government wants to replace boro areas as late boro to minimize irrigation water and keep the water level constant. In this study, Binadhan-14 showed higher grain yield than BRRI dhan 28. Comparative effect of transplanting method, the highest grain yield was produced in transplanting method. Direct seeding was seven days earlier than transplanted rice. However, considering crop duration direct seeding with sprouting seed will be effective by sacrificing grain yield.
Numerical Investigation of Shock Wave Decay Phenomenon in Free Atmosphere
(American Journal of Mechanical Engineering(Science and Education Publishing), 2016) Kader, Md. Faisal; Ehsan, M. Monjurul; Saklayen, Golam; Sadi, KMR; Rahman, Md. Lutfor
A numerical investigation of shock wave propagation in open atmosphere is presented to observe the shock wave decaying phenomena due to expansion in the free space. By examining different parameters (Pressure, velocity and density) of the upstream and downstream flow of the wave, it is possible to estimate the decaying phenomena of the wave strength. The governing equations described for compressible inviscid flow are discretized by the finite volume method. The three-dimensional Euler equations are solved by shock capturing method. Shock wave of Mach number 1.5 is allowed to flow through a shock tube and at different time intervals (35 μsec, 96 μsec, 121 μsec and 190 μsec), velocity, pressure and density variations along the center line of shock tube are investigated to observe the decay phenomenon across the shock front in open atmosphere.. The results have been compared with the Navier-Stokes Simulation (NS) results to establish the absence of viscous effects in the present flow. Due to absence of the solid boundary of the selected numerical domain in the free space, the fluid flow will act as nonviscous flow. The wave propagation in free space changes its propagation characteristics due to rapid expansion in all directions and at the same time the decay of the wave strength is observed.
Effect of herbicides on weed infestation and yield in boro rice
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), 2016) ISLAM, MD. SHAHIDUL; ISLAM, MD. MONJURUL; RAHMAN, MD. HABIBUR; BIR, MD. SHAHIDUL HAQUE; LEE, JEUNG JOO; PARK, KEE WOONG
A field experiment was conducted at the agronomy field of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, Bangladesh, under wet land condition during December 2014 to May 2015. The aim was to see the effects of the weed control treatments on crop growth and yield in boro rice. Five selected herbicides (Metsulfuron-methyl 20 WG at 50 g/ha, pretilachlor 500 EC at 988 ml/ha, bensulfuran methyl 4%+acetachor 14% 18 WP at 800 g/ha, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10 WP at 125 g/ha and butachlor 5G at 25 kg/ha) were tested along with two hand weedings. Population density, fresh and dry weight of weed were taken. Eight weed species belonging to five families, namely, Echinochloa colonum, Paspalums crobiculatum, Monochoria vaginalis, Leersia hexandra L., Scirpus mucronatus L., Digitaria sanguinalis, Cyperus rotundus and Eclipta alba Hassk were found to grow in the experimental plots. Among the weed control treatments highest grain yield (5.73 t/ha) was produced with the treatment pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10 WP at 125 g/ha followed by two hand weedings (5.50 t/ha). The increased yield due to application of herbicide contributed mainly from increasing the number of total tillers per plant, effective tillers per plant, filled grains per panicle and 1000-seed weight (g). Maximum benefit : cost ratio with pyrazosulfuron-ethyl 10 WP at 125 g/ha suggested that this herbicidal treatment could be used as an alternative when labour was a limiting factor in producing transplant boro rice.
Effect of different transplanting dates on the yield and yield components of Binadhan-14 (Oryza sativa L.) under climatic conditions in Bangladesh
(Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), 2016) ISLAM, MD. MONJURUL; ISLAM, MD. SHAHIDUL; RAHMAN, MD. HABIBUR; SAHA, MAMATA; BIR, MD. SHAHIDUL HAQUE; SOHEL, MD. MEHEDI HASAN; LEE, JEUNG JOO; PARK, KEE WOONG
Binadhan-14 (Oryza sativa L.) is a late transplanting rice variety with high yield potential, developed for boro season by BINA in 2013. Effects of different transplanting dates to yield of Binadhan-14 were assessed at three locations in Bangladesh during boro season in 2014-15. BRRI dhan 28 was used as a check variety. At each location, one month old seedlings were transplanted at five different dates with 15-day intervals between February 1 and April 1, 2015. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used to lay out plots in the experiment. Transplanting dates significantly influenced grain yield and yield contributing parameters, such as plant height, panicles per hill, panicle length and filled grains per panicle, except for 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yields were obtained when the rice was transplanted on February 1 and 15, 2015. The highest yield of Binadhan-14 was obtained at Rangpur (6.75 t/ha), followed by Mymensingh (6.25 t/ha) and Magura (5.90 t/ha). Results of this study suggest that February 1 to 15 would be the best time to transplant Binadhan-14 as a late transplanting boro variety under the climatic conditions in Bangladesh.
Treatment of Textile Effluent by Activated Carbon as Adsorbent
(Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Sciences, 2016-03) Idris, Mahmudur Rahman; Ahmed, Muhassina; Rahman, Md. Wahidur; Ahmed, Musaddika; Faisal, Md. Shahriar
The Studies were performed using activated carbon as adsorbent and treatment of textile waste water which contains dissolved organic matter. Textile waste water contains a variety of textile dyes particles and chemicals which has a devastating effect on aquatic life in the environment and human health as well as it leads to loss of bio-diversity1 . The aim of the research project was to check out the DO, BOD, COD, TSS, TDS, pH of a given sample of textile waste water and treat with activated carbon as adsorbent for removal of dissolved organic matter.
Reading Between the Lines: A timeless Expression of Life in Keats "To Autumn"
(Journal of Comparative Literature & Culture, 2018) Rahman, M. Mahbub
This paper guides researchers into the world of academic writing. It provides learners with a practical and efficient approach to learning the skills, strategies, and knowledge that are necessary to write error-free research articles. Writing without any errors is an essential step in the research process. But many researchers are never taught how to write an error-free, publishable scientific paper. In this article, grammatical rules are explained and reviewed emphasizing the importance of developing a voice as a writer and providing helpful proofreading strategies for researchers to identify and correct their mistakes. Finally, this paper highlights the most common errors in writing scientific research papers. Based on the findings of this qualitative research, the researcher recommends strategies to avoid certain pitfalls.
Effect of crop establishment method and N management practice on productivity of transplanted aman rice
(Bioscience Research, 2018) Bir, Md. Shahidul Haque; Ali, Mohammad; Rahman, Md. Habibur; Ayesha, Sultana Kaniz; Hoque, Aminul; Rashid, Md. Harun-Ar; Islam, Md. Rashidul; Cho, Jin-Woong; Park, Kee Woong
An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Regional Station, Rajshahi, Bangladesh to find the most suitable crop establishment method and best application of N management practice for transplanted aman rice. The monsoon-season rainfed rice is aman, which is planted in two ways: direct seeding in March or April and transplantation between July and August. Both types are harvested from November through December. T. aman rice variety, BRRI dhan44 was used as planting material where three crop establishment methods (T1: direct wet seeding by drum seeder, T2: hand broadcasting and T3: transplanting) and four N management practices (N1: ⅓ at 15 DAT+ ⅓ at 30 DAT +⅓ at panicle initiation (PI), N2: ¼ at basal + ¼ at 15 DAT + ¼ at 30 DAT + ¼ at PI, N3: leaf color chart (LCC) based N application, N4: no nitrogen) were tested. Among crop establishment methods, the transplanting method (T3) produced the highest plant density m-2 (143.16) and yield (5.05 t ha–1 ). Among N management practices, N2 gave the greatest yield (4.97 t ha–1 ) and the highest benefit cost ratio (1.97). Treatment combination of T3N2 at 60 DAT produced the highest plant density m-2 (152.33). Therefore, from the current study, it can be concluded that the transplanting method (T3) and N split fertilization of ¼ at basal + ¼ at 15 DAT + ¼ at 30 DAT + ¼ at PI (N2), singly or together, would be the most productive application treatments during aman season.