Year 2018
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Item PROFITABILITY AND TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF CHILI PRODUCTION IN SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, SHER-E-BANGLA NAGAR, DHAKA -1207, 2018-06) Basak, SuvroThe present study was designed to measure the profitability and technical efficiency of chili farmers in selected Shibgong, Shonatola, Sariakandi upzillas in Bogura district. Primary data were collected from randomly selected 100 farmers during December month. Both tabular and functional analyses were applied in this study. The major findings of the study reveal that chili production is profitable. Total cost of production was Tk. 399973 per hectare. Gross returns was Tk. 707546 per hectare and net returns was Tk. 307573 per hectare. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was found to be 1.77 which implies that one taka investment in chili production generated Tk. 1.77. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used for this study to measure technical efficiency of chili farmers. The coefficients of parameters like human labor, fertilizers and insecticides were positive where human labor and fertilizers are not significant but insecticides is significant and indicated positive effect on chili production. Others, Seed and irrigation were negative and significant indicated that negative effect on chili production. In the technical inefficiency effect model, experience, farm size, extension service and credit service have negative coefficients indicating that this helps in reducing technical inefficiency of chili farmers. The study also identified some problems like insect- pest and diseases, use of fertilizer & pesticide, Scarcity of High yielding seed variety mainly faced by the chili farmers and suggested some recommendations to improve the present production situation so that per hectare yield of chili would possibly be increased.Item TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY ON MAIZE PRODUCTION IN SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH: A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER APPROACH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA -1207, 2018-06) SAMPA, ASMA YEASMINThe present study was designed to analyze technical efficiency and to estimate the profitability of maize production in six villages under Harirampur and four villages under Bagha upazila of Manikgonj and Rajshahi districts respectively. Primary data were collected through random sampling from 131 farmers. The main findings of the study reveal that maize production is a profitable enterprise. Total cost of production was Tk. 107012.19 per hectare. Gross returns, gross margin were Tk. 151323.72 per hectare, Tk. 69003.91 per hectare and net returns was Tk. 44311.53 per hectare. Per hectare yields of maize was found 8563.421 kg. Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) was found to be 1.41 which implies that one taka investment in maize production generated Tk. 1.41 in the study area. BCR were found to be 1.26 and 1.59 at Harirampur and Bagha upazila respectively. The Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production function was used to measure technical efficiency of maize farmers. The coefficients of parameters e.g. land preparation cost, seed and irrigation were positive where seed and irrigation were highly significant and land preparation cost was significant at 5 percent level. Technical efficiency ranged from 0.71 to 0.99 with a mean of 0.93. In the technical inefficiency effect model, experience, extension service and farm size have negative coefficients indicating that this helps in reducing technical inefficiency of maize farmers. The value γ-parameter associated with the variance in the stochastic frontier model was 0.9531, indicates that inefficiency effects have a significant contribution in determining the level and variability of output of maize farms. Among various problems, high price of seeds, natural calamities and low price of grains ranked 1 , 2 nd and 3 rd respectively on the basis of magnitude of problem faced by farmers. Development of new varieties, reduction of price of seed, fair price of produced maize, adequate extension service, available credit and storage facility can improve the present production situation. stItem AGRICULTURAL VULNERABILITY AND ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE: A CASE OF RICE FARMERS IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY SHER-E-BANGLA NAGAR, DHAKA, 2018-06) ISLAM, FAIJULThis study is motivated by the susceptibility of rice farming to climate change and partly by the limited studies on this topic in Bangladesh. The study has investigated the socioeconomic condition, adaptation strategies, barriers to adaptation as well as influencing determinants of adaptation strategies of costal rice farmers using survey data of 120 households through simple random sampling from two costal Upazillas namely Betagi under the district of Barguna and Golacipa under the district of Patuakhali of Bangladesh. Different statistical analysis including Multinomial Logistic (MNL) model are employed to fulfill the objectives of the study. The results reveal that salinity, cyclones & storms, and flood are the major vulnerabilities of the households. The farmers have perceived a gradual increase in temperature but abnormality in rainfall which has serious impact on rice production. Most of the farmers have experienced food scarcity during the months of Agrahayon, Poush, Ashwin and Kartik due to lack of employment opportunities in the area. Farmers have taken a range of adaptation strategies to reduce the adverse impact of climate change. The major adaptation strategies are direct-seeded rice, supplementary irrigation, cultivation of HYV, adjusting planting calendars and techniques, livestock, duck and poultry rearing, and cultivation of non-rice crops. However, lack of weather forecast information, lack of knowledge concerning appropriate adaptation and poor information on early warning systems are among the important barriers to adaptation. The results of MNL model indicate that farming experience, access to agricultural credit, access to electricity, access to information and extension services have significant influence on the choice of adaptation strategies. Government policy should target improving farmers’ access to credit, electricity and extension services, and provide HYV varieties suitable for the local condition to enhance the adaptation capacity of the vulnerable rice farmers.