Year 2007

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    SCREENING OF RICE VARIETIES (AUS) AGAINST Rhizoctonia solani CAUSING SHEATH BLIGHT OF RlCE
    (DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY, 2007) AKTER., ROKEYA
    An experiment was conducted in the field of SAU (Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University) farm, Dhaka to screen out the resistant varieties of rice against sheath blight (Rhtzoctonia solani kuhn) during Aus season in 2007. Seven rice (Aus) varieties viz. BR3, BR14, BR16, BR2I, BR26 and BRRI dhan 27 were used as treatments. The screening of the varieties were done based on different parameters like disease incidence, disease severity, yield and yield contributing characters. The highest lesion size was recorded in the variety BR16 (4.02 em) and lowest lesion size (3.50 em) was in BRRI dhan 27 at maturity stage. The value of the relative lesion height (%RLH) was large in the susceptible variety and small in the moderately susceptible variety. Among the varieties, BR3, BRi4, BR2I, BR24, BR16 and BR26 were graded as susceptible and BRRI dhan 27 was graded as moderately susceptible to sheath blight. The disease was more severe in advanced growth stages of the plants. The highest grain yield per hectare (3.00 tJha) was recorded in the variety BRRI dhan 27 and the lowest grain yield (1.14 tlha) was recorded in the variety BR24. The highest weight of thousand grains (32.73 gm) was recorded in the variety BRRI dhan 27 and the lowest weight of thousand grains (29.43 gm) was recorded in the variety BR3. BRRI dhan 27 performed better in respect of all the parameters considered against sheath blight of rice.
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    MANAGEMENT OF CERCOSPORA LEAF SPOT OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata) THROUGH BOTANICALS
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) UDDIN, MD. NASIR
    The present experiment was conducted for management of Cercospora leaf spot of mungbean through botanicals. The experiment comprised of 7 treatments such as T 1 = Neem leaves extract (1:4 w/v); T = Garlic cloves extract (1:5 w/v); T 3 = Biskatali leaves extract (1:4 w/v); T 2 = Alamanda leaves extract (1:6 w/v); T 5 = Arjun leaves extract (1:4 w/v); T = Debdaru leaves extract (1:5 w/v) and T 7 4 = Untreated (control). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. Data on disease incidence, severity, yield contributing characters and yield of mungbean were recorded. The highest (13.42% infected plant) disease incidence was recorded in treatment T and the lowest (3.67% infected plant) disease incidence was recorded in treatment T 7 at 60 DAS and the highest (13.65) disease severity was recorded in treatment T 1 and the lowest (4.55) disease severity was recorded in treatment T 2 and T 7 . The highest (13.45) number of inflorescence per plant was recorded in treatment T 3 . The tallest (51.44 cm) plant was recorded in treatment T 1 1 . The maximum number of bunches (8.56), number of pod per plant (26.81), length of pod (8.56 cm), number of seed per pod (12.64) and 1000 seed weight (27.33 g) was recorded in treatment T . The highest 1 6 yield (1.51 kg/plot, 1.26 t/ha) also recorded in treatment T 1 .
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    POTENTIALITY OF PLANT EXTRACT IN CONTROLLING LEAF BLIGHT (Bipolaris sorokiniana) OF WHEAT
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) ISLAM, MD. ALAUL
    Potentiality of plant extract in controlling leaf blight (Bipolaris sorokiniana) of wheat was carried out during the period from june, 2006 to March, 2007. The experiments were conducted in the Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology and in the farm of the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Primarily 24 plant species were evaluated for their antifungal activity against B. sorokiniana by an invitro test. Among them 13 species were found promising and selected for field evaluation against leaf blight disease. All the plant extracts reduced the incidence of B. sorokiniana over untreated control. The highest reduction was found in case of treating seeds with turmeric rhizome extract. Among the botanicals, durba leaf extract performed the highest percent of healthy seedlings. It has been observed that allamanda leaf extract showed the highest germination and highest vigor index in compare to control. Among the botanicals onion bulb extract treated seeds resulted lowest leaf blight severity in compare to untreated control. Seed treatment with onion bulb extract also showed the best result in producing higher number of spikelets/ear, number of grains/ear, weight of grain/panicle and weight of straw/panicle in compared to untreated control. The treatment T 2 (Onion bulb extract) and T (Allamanda leaf extract) resulted highest grain yield (3.92 g/plot) over untreated control.
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    MANAGEMENT OF GRAY BLIGHT OF MUSTARD THROUGH SOME SELECTED TREATMENT
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) ALAM, MD. HABIBUL
    The efficacy of orne selected fungicides and plant extract was evaluated against Alternaria brassicae and Alternaria brassictcola causing gray blight of mustard (var AU Sarisha-I, Brassica campestrtss I~ perirnents were conducted at the Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural Univer ity, Dhaka and in the laboratory of Regional Agricultural Res earch Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research In trtute, Rahmatpur, Ban hal during rabi eas on from the month of November, 2006 to February, 2007 Four fungicides viz Rovral 50 WP (0.200)) Dithane M-45 (0.300), Ridomil 68 WP (0.200), Bavisrin OF (0.100) and two plant extracts VIZ Garlic clove extract Allamanda leaf extract were employed in the experiment. Among the fungicides and plant extracts tested, Rovral 50 WP (0 2 0'0) showed the best performance in reducing disease incidence and disea e seventy as well as increasing eed yield against gray blight of mu tard. Seed infection b) Alternaria spp wa reduced by 64 9000 and eed yield wa increased b) 48.1900 over control by the application of Ro ral No prorm mg results \\ ere hown by the rest of the treatment against gray blight of mu lard
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    ROLE OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI ON GROWTH AND NUTRIENT UPTAKE OF SOME VEGETABLE CROPS.
    (Dept. of Plant Pathology, 2007-12) ARIFUNNAHAR, MOST.
    The present expenment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka dunng the penod from May 2006 10 DecelDber 2006 with a view to study the role of Arbusc:ular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi on growth and nutrient uptake of some vegetable crops A positive growth response to AM was observed in all the selected vegetables The seedling emergence, plant height, shoot length and root length of mycorrhiza inoculated vegetables were companatively higher than that of uninoculated control. The mycorrhizal Inoculation suppressed root rot, damping off and leaf spot disease of Spinadl (SpintlCitJ o/eracea L.) and White gourd (Cucurbita vulgaris). The mycorrhiza inoculated plants showed more leaves, branches, early flowering and fruiting in comparison to uninoculated control. Mycorrhizal root colonization differed among the crops ranging from 18.65 to 53.48% and mycorrhizal dependency varied from 18.57 to 36.36%. Increased nutrient (N, P, K, Fe and Zn) uptake was recorded WIth the inoculated plants. Among the inoculated vegetables, comparatively higher N. P and K uptake was observed in Spinach, Water spinadl (KaImishak) and Cucumber where as Zn and Fe uptake was found higher m Spinach and in Cucumber. respectively.
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    MANAGEMENT OF LEAF BLIGHT OF WHEAT CAUSED BY Bipolaris sorokiniana
    (Dept. of Plant Pathology, 2007-12) YESMIN, SAILA
    An experiment was carried out to determine the efficacy of some eco­ friendly seed treatments and fungicidal treatments against leaf blight iBipolaris sorokinianai and grain yield of wheat. Among the different eco­ friendly treatments, the highest reduction of incidence of seed borne Bipolaris sorokiniana and increasing seed germination and seed yield (3.85 t/ha) was obtained by manually sorted healthy looking seed treated with hot water (T8) followed by farmer's saved seed treated with hot water (T1). Significant reduction of incidence of same fungus was achieved by treating seeds with solar heat and polythene solarization. The rest of the treatments have some remarkable effect in controlling the disease and increasing seed yield of wheat. Among the fungicidal treatments, apparently healthy seed+ foliar spraying of Tilt-250 EC (T4) was found best in reducing the leaf infection and increasing the seed yield (4.02 t/ha) which was followed by farmer's saved seed+ foliar spraying of Tilt (T3) and apparently healthy seed+ foliar spraying of Proud -250 EC(T Another two fungicides Proven- 250 EC and Propicon also gave the better performance in reducing the leaf infection and increasing seed yield in comparison to control.
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    EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDES AND SOME ECOFRIENDLY TREATMENTS AGAINST Bipolaris sorokiniana
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) PANNA, ROKSHANA
    Experiments were conducted in the seed pathology laboratory Department of Plant Pathology. Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural Univ ersity Lo evaluate some ccofricndly treatments and fungicides on seed germination and incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana of wheat Seed treatments with fungicides reduced the incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana over untreated control. The lowest incidence was counted (2.31%) in apparently health) seed treated with Ridomil gold M7 68 WP @ 0.2%. The highest seed germination (94.17%) was recorded in apparently health) ... eed treated with brine solution @ 2°'o for 1 5 minutes followed by solarized apparently health) seed for 5 hours (99.33?to), polythene solarized apparently health) seed for 5 hours (99.00%1), apparently health} seed treated with hot water at 52°C for I 0 minutes (99.00o/o) and Burrnuda grass extract (99 60° o}. Comparatively the lowest incidence of Bipolaris sorokiniana l l .50°0) was observed in apparently healthy seeds treated with hot water at 52°C for '.!O minutes followed by polythene solanzed apparently healthy seeds for 15 hours (5.00'Yo). apparently health) seeds solarized for 15 hours (6.00°0), apparently healthy seeds treated with brine solution a .2° o for 30 minutes ( 13.00° o) and apparently healthy seeds treated with Necm extract l 14.00u'o ).
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    VARIABILITY, PATHOGENICITY AND IN VITRO MANAGEMENT OF BOTRYTIS GRAY POT IN CHICKPEA (CICER ARIETINUM L.)
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) HOSEN, MD. IQBAL
    total of ten isolates of Botry tis cinerea infecting chickpea in most chickpea growing areas of Bangladesh were characterized in terms of cultural, morphological. physiological and pathogenicuy. The isolates varied significantly in cultural, morphological and pathogenic traits- colony color, shape, margin and texture; production and arrangement of sclerotia on PDA medium. The optimum temperature and pl I for the mycelial radial growth of Botrytis cinerea were recorded at 2ouc and pl l 4.5. respectively The mycelial radial growth of all ten isolates increases with the time for a certain period. No growth was observed at 35°C temperature. The pathogen Botry tis cinerea grew well on CDA medium. The highest (79.17 mm) mycelial radial growth was obtained on COA. The quickest (5 days) sclerotia initiation was observed on CDA and LOA culture media but the highest number (2.5 x 10'1 ml") of spores were counted on LOA medium. The length of conidia varied from 5 00 to 15 00 µm. Mean length of conidia was maximum 12.00 µm in isolate Alll-9 and minimum 7.50 µm in isolate AHl-1. The breadth of conidia ranged from 5.00 to 10.00 µm. The highest mean breadth 8.25 urn was observed in rsolate AHT-9 and the lowest 6 00 µm in isolate £\I 11-4. The isolates exhibited different reaction of highly susceptible lo resistant to a set of chickpea cultivars and Al Il-9 and AI 11-10 were found the most virulent isolates among the others. The antagonist Trichoderma harzianum appeared to be a good bio-cornrol agent against Botrytis cinerea. Among the seven tested fungicides namely- Bavistin" SOWP (Carbendazirn), CP-Z1m 50WP (Carbendazirn), Sunphunate 70WP (Thiophanate methyl) and Rovral SOWP (Iprodione) were the most effeciiv e fungicides to inhibit the mycelial radial growth of Botrytis cinerea at a lower concentration (500 ppm).
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    POTENTIALITY OF PLANT EXTRACT IN CONTROLLING LEAF BLIGHT {Bipolaris sorokiniana) OF WHEAT
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) ISLAM, MD. ALAUL
    Potentiality of plant extract in controlling leaf blight tBipolarls .. orokinlanaj of wheat was earned out during the period from june, 2006 to 1arch, 2007 The experiments were conducted in the Seed Health Laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology and in the farm of the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka P1 imarily 24 plant species were evaluated for their antifungal activity against H . . sorokiniana by an mvttro test. Among them 13 species were found prornismg and selected for field evaluation against leaf blight disease All the plant extracts reduced the incidence of H. sorokiniana over untreated control The h ighest reduction was found m case of treating seeds with turmeric rhizome extract Among the botanicals, durba leaf extract performed the highest percent of healthy seedlings It has been observed that allamanda leaf extract showed the highest gerrninat ion and highest vigor mdex m compare to control Among the botanicals onion bulb e rrract treated seeds resulted lowest leaf blight severity in compare to untreated control Seed treatment with oruon bulb extract also showed the best result m producing higher number of spikelets/ear, number of grains/ear, weight of grain/panicle and weight of straw/panicle in compared to untreated control The treatment T2 (Onion bulb extract) and T (Allamanda leaf extract) resulted highest grain yield (3 92 g/plot) over untreated control.
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    MANAGEMENT OF SHEATH BLIGHT (RHIZOCTONIA SOLANI) OF RICE THROUGH SELECTED CHEMICALS AND SOIL AMENDMENT
    (Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2007-12) HOSSAIN, AFSANA
    Efficacy or fourteen treatments viz. T1 (Bavistin 50 WP). T2 (Tilt 250 EC), T3 (Champion 77 WP), T4 (Cupravit 50 WP), T5 (Bleaching powder, BP), T6 (Bavistin 50 WP+ BP), T7 (Tilt 250 EC+ BP), T8 (Champion 77 WP+ BP), T9 (Cupravit 50 WP + BP), T10 (Ash)~ T11 (Sawdust), T12 (Khudcpana), T13 (Poultry manure) and T14 (Control) were assessed against Rhizoctonia solani for the management of sheath blight of rice (BR 3) during March to August, 2007 at the farm of Shcr-c-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Dhaka. Effect of different treatments against sheath blight of rice differed significantly in terms of 0/o Relative Lesion Height (RLI·n, number of infected tiller per hill, lesion size. length of paniclc, number of filled and unfilled grain, grain yield (ton/ha), straw yield (ton/ha) and weight of l 000 grains weight. Among the treatments tested, T 6 AMENDMENT ABSTRACT (Bavistin SO WP + BP) showed the best performance in reducing disease incidence and disease severity as well as increasing yield of rice followed by T7 ( I'ilt 250 EC + BP) and T (Champion 77 WP + BP). The treatment T6 (Bavistin 50 WP + BP) reduced upto 54.09o/o RLH and increased grain yield by 37.34% over control which was followed by Tilt 250 EC + BP (52.12%. 32.62%) and Champion 50 WP+ BP (49. l 0%. 31.94%), respectively. The fungicides alone also showed better performances but the soil amendment alone had no remarkable effect in controlling sheath blight of rice.