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Plumbing Design of a Building
(Daffodil International University, 22-03-12) Hossain, Md. Momin; Akhter, Md. Tauhidur
Plumbing and sanitary system is very important for a building. Proper planning and designing of plumbing system is crucial as it takes care of the hygiene requirements of the occupants. A plumbing system will help make sure that there are air gaps, physical separations, and adherence to building codes that separate connections of waste and clean water plumbing elements. Plumbing maintenance can prevent cross contamination, hence keeping the water in your home clean and safe at all times. In this report the plumbing system design for a four story residential building has been presented. This includes the necessary CAD files as well as all the calculations and considerations in detail.
A Study on Public Bus Fare Elasticity for Different Routes in Urban Area
(Daffodil International University, 22-04-24) Islam, Md.Touhidul; Rahman, Mohammad Sarwar; Shimul, Nousad Islam
There is a long debate regarding public bus fare in Bangladesh, that, the bus fares are not allocated according to passengers’ opinion, rather than, bus operators decision dictates. Though Government have fix designated bus fare inventory, those are little practiced in the field. Therefore, issues of bus fare remain questionable and seem to be unjustified. A shed in public opinion regarding bus fare is come to a focus in this regard. In this study, we design a question survey to investigate bus fare sensitive with respect to bus trip among passengers. We perform survey in two routes of Dhaka city. The route 1 is Mirpur to Dhanmondi and Route 2 is Dhanmondi to New Market. In total 101 respondents take part in the survey. Among them 57.43% were male within the responses. 42.57% respondents had monthly household income within the range of 30-50k BDT. Large number of respondents do not have personal vehicle. Among the collected data, 73.27% respondents were travelling in peak hour. Almost 82% respondents considered that existing bus fare is not expensive. 5.94% respondents were captive rider, i.e., not willing to change modes at all. The demand curve, in this case, %bus fare increase vs. %ridership curve, show that doubling bus fare leads the curve to the infeasible region, where ridership reduces drastically. The Model 1- Linear model and Model 2- Polynomial model have degree of determinacy R2 value 0.89 and 0.97 respectively. Route 1, i.e., Mirpur to Dhanmondi is more sensitive to fare increasing compare to the other counterpart. Male are more sensitive to fare increment. At low or high fare increment, both male and female react similarly. 31-50 years age passenger groups are most sensitivity. Elderly and very young passengers are less sensitive to higher and lower bus fare increment respectively. Low income and high-income respondents are very sensitive and less sensitive to bus fare increment respectively. Off peak hour passengers are more sensitive to bus fare change. Slight increase in bus fare affects ridership more for non-AC local bus passengers. At lower fare increment, seating bus passengers’ ridership remain similar regardless of AC or non-AC buses. Fare elasticity at 30% increment level is -0.11, that is, increase in 1% additional fare will decrease ridership by 0.11%, which is inelastic. At 70% fare increment level, fare elasticity for male is -1.09, that is elastic. The increase in 1% additional fare decrease ridership by 1.09%. Fare elasticity for 18-30 years age group at 30% fare increment level is 0.0, that is perfectly inelastic. Increase or decrease of additional fare will not change ridership at this level. Fare elasticity for non-AC local bus passenger group at 70% fare increment level is -1.8, that is inelastic, increase of 1% additional fare will decrease ridership by 1.8%. The fare elasticity investigation can be extended for large scale survey by concerned authority. Future bus fare adjustment should be based on public survey and bus fare sensitivity among different groups of passengers.
Traffic Signal Design and Los Determination in a T-Intersection: An Empirical Example at Science Lab Intersection, Dhaka, Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-01) Islam, Md.Tarikul; Shams, Md.Momenul Islam; Miah, Shamim
Traffic congestion is regarded to be the most unpleasant problem for urban inhabitants in Bangladesh due to the prevalence of non-lane based heterogeneous vehicle composition. Especially in the downtown area, the problem has been made worse by the overabundance of unnecessary traffic intersections. City planners and designers must consider signal planning, design, analysis, control, and administration crucial to the effective management of city traffic. The study's overarching goal is to enhance traffic signal design in general, but more specifically, to find a workable solution for the economically significant "Science lab" junction. Webster's approach was used to create the signal after collecting data from a variety of vehicles, and the volume capacity ratio (v/c) was used to establish the service level (LOS). The lowest and maximum green timings for the road condition are given, with the least being 26 seconds and the highest being 69 seconds. In addition, the v/c ratio shows that the LOS is in bad shape, with the vast majority of vehicles going under the speed limit, requiring the driver to pay much more attention to the road. Finally, the study presents some relevant suggestions to lessen delays and guarantee a more continuous flow across the junction under consideration.
A Case Study on the Sanitation System in Corail and Bagan Bari Slum Area
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-01) Biswas, Shakirul Islam
The analysis of the Slum area visits explored in this work. I visit the place and watched their lifestyle. I study about sanitization, did research, and collect previous data through NGO and internet research. For a healthy life, we all need safe drinking water, and an environment to breathe easily. We need to understand we are destroying the environment for our future generations. We need to maintain a healthy lifestyle through health organizations provided by the government. In slum areas, people carry most germs with their bodies and they meet with us in a public place. They are not wearing any masks. The present study was conducted on slum people's lifestyles from October 2021 to August 2022. Their previous condition and present condition have been clarified. The authority must take necessary steps to control their unhealthy lifestyles. Keywords: Slum area, unhygienic latrine, sanitation
Weather Impact on Road Accident in Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-01) Hasnat, Abul; Ahammed, Fawsal; Rahman, Mizanur; Rahman, Habibur
The leading cause of death worldwide is road traffic accidents (RTA). Even though just 54% of the world's registered vehicles come from low- and middle-income nations, 90% of road traffic deaths (RTD) occur in these nations. Road traffic accidents are currently thought to be the ninth most common cause of death worldwide across all age groups, but that number is expected to rise to seventh by 2030. The economies of low- and middle-income nations are developing. The effects of this rising economy include rapid urbanization and motorization. However, infrastructural development policy upgrades are not happening quickly enough to keep up with these more rapid changes in the economy and population. According to research, RTAs cause economic losses in low- and middle-income nations that might amount to 5% of GDP (World Health Organization, 2015). The official statistics show that more than 60 people die in traffic accidents in Bangladesh for every 10,000 motor vehicles (Alford, 2009). The true mortality rate is probably substantially greater. The according to quium, there are still issues with the accident reporting system and the data it produces and official numbers are prone to underreporting (Alford, 2009). While the number of fatalities grew by around 400% during the same time period the number of accidents increased by 43% between 1982 and 2000 (Girard, 2011) Road accidents are a global tragedy, and Bangladesh like many other nations, experiences significant annual losses as a result of these accidents (Donaldson & Lucey, 2018). The number of road users, urbanization, and motorization are all growing, and with the passing time, there are more road accidents and fatalities. To comprehend or asses the situation appropriately accurate and logical accident rates and corresponding trends are needed (Unesco. Research Centre on the Social Implications of Industrialization in Southern Asia et al., 1956). In Bangladesh, there were 62 motor vehicle fatalities per 10,000 registered vehicles in 1985 but there were only 45 in 2007 (Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 1973). This drop in mortality was even more dramatic when considering road motor vehicles rather than registered motor vehicles, from 98 in 1985 to 56 in 2007, which should be more representative of the real situation (Figure 1: The Road Traffic Accident Death Toll with Motor Vehicles and Non-Motor Vehicles in China from 2007 to 2016, n.d.). The country’s population doubled from 1971 to 2007, with accidents and fatalities increasing from 1.14 to 3.87 and 0.41 to 2.98 per 100,000 people, respectively, in some temporary fluctuations (Table 1.3. Road Fatalities per 100 000 Inhabitants, per Billion Vehicle-Km and per 10 000 Registered Motor Vehicles, n.d.)In terms of vehicle kilometers, accident and fatalities rates have decreased by 49.08% and 42.77% respectively per 100 million vehicle kilometers from 1999 to 2004 (Thorpe, n.d.)
Accident Trend on National Highway in Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-01) Tasnim, Md. Mushfiq; Pull, Saikot; Rahaman, Md Sohanur; Podder, Dolon Kumar
Now a days, the highest priority problem in the transportation sector in poor nations is pedestrian accidents and the resulting deaths. About 1.25 million people per year are killed on the world's roadways, and about half of all road traffic fatalities are sustained by walkers, cyclists, and motorcyclists, as stated in the WHO status report on road safety in 2015. According to the data, Bangladesh is among the most accident-prone nations in all of South Asia. Throughout the time under consideration, "Since 2008, accidents have been declining, and 2012 seems to be the bottom. In 2008-2012, there were 52% fewer highway accidents. Accidents declined from 2013 to 2015, then rose in 2015. 16 percent of 787 occurrences occurred in 2006 and the fewest in 2014. (6%). Most accidents happen in locations without intersections, which is interesting 3174 out of 5040 accidents occur in areas without intersections. Second is "other" (16.4%). 6% of all vulnerabilities are "Tee-Junctions." Cross-and-staggered-junctions and railroad crossings have the fewest accidents. To reduce accidents in the future, the next decade, developing nations like Bangladesh will see a startling spike in traffic accidents and fatalities, according to a worldwide estimate. Because of this, ensuring passenger safety is a major obstacle due to a lack of trained personnel and enough funding in the transport safety sector. Improvements to the design of intersections, including channelization, traffic islands, dividers, and so on, ought to be carried out. It is essential to make appropriate improvements to access controls, the road surface, the highway shoulder, cross-sections, sight distances, alignments, traffic signs, traffic signals, road markings, traffic calming devices, and lighting.
Plumbing and Sanitary System Design of a Multistorey Residential Building
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-12) Islam, Md. Mirazul; Podder, Sagor; Rakin, Md. Abu Kawcer; Uddin, Afaz
Plumbing as a technology falls under the purview of building services, which helps an occupant to use their building for the purposes for which it has been developed. This study of plumbing system plan is aimed at planning a plumbing system that is compatible of eco-friendly environments and meet the 5 aspects of safety, economic, comfort, sustainable and aesthetics. Multistoried buildings are inevitable in today’s modern living. Other than structural stability there are lot of services being emphasized like water supply, sanitary, firefighting, etc., A civil engineer’s scope under duty are not only to design and construct the structure, but also to provide the best services and maintenance. So we decide to take a case study of a proposed G+8 storey residential apartment, for that we decide to design a perfect engineering plumbing system. This report includes the necessary CAD files as well as all the calculations and considerations in detail.
Performance of Concrete Incorporating Waste Ceramic As Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-13) Galib, Saifollah Mohammod; Hossain, Rayhan; Abbasuddin, Kazi
The use of natural aggregate has grown significantly a result of daily advancements and development in the construction industry and the amount of solid waste generated during construction demolition has also expanded significantly. These factors led to the repurposing of destroyed construction wastes like ceramic tiles, which helped to minimize both the amount of solid waste produced and the shortage of natural aggregates needed to make concrete. In addition to the manufacturing, transportation and finishing works also produces waste ceramic tile. In this study an attempt has been made to find suitability for the ceramic tiles wastes as a possible substitute for the conventional fine aggregate (sand). Experiments were carried out to determine the compressive and tensile strength with ceramic tile waste fine aggregate and to compare them those of conventional concrete made with fine aggregate (sand). For this, concrete cylinder specimens were prepared with mixing ratio 1:2:4 using o%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% ceramic fine aggregate.
Study on Accident Trend of Pedestrian Crash in Dhaka Metropolitan Area
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-17) Jinnah, Hashibul Alam; Shahed, MD. Hossen; Al Amin, Md. Rahim; Hossain, Syed Mushaid
The leading cause of death for young people in the world between the ages of 16 and 24 is motor vehicle accidents. Bangladesh ranks among the highest global rates of traffic fatalities. The capital city of Bangladesh, Dhaka, is also the most dangerous in consideration of both the overall number of collisions and fatal accidents. In our study total 2940 pedestrian accidents happened overall between 2006 and 2015. This has resulted in 2414 pedestrian fatal accidents overall. In this context, the issue of road safety has emerged as one of the main concerns for Dhaka's traffic cops and transportation authorities. Determining the much more hazardous streets, the sufferers, and the pedestrian action in DMP (Dhaka metropolitan) road area. In Dhaka, which has a population of almost 22 million, road accidents are a big issue. Traffic accidents are more challenging in Dhaka city. The record for all traffic crashes over the past 10 years was given by the Accident Research Institute (ARI) (2006–2015). According to pedestrian activity, 85% of accidents happened when crossing the road, which suggests that unsafe crossing the road continues to be the leading cause of pedestrian accidents. Our study yielded an 82% death rate. Buses have the greatest accident rate of any type of vehicle, at 40%. Gender study shows that just 25% of female pedestrians have been involved in vehicle accidents, compared to 75% of male pedestrians. Traffic law enforcement will gain from the study's ability to pinpoint the primary causes of pedestrian accidents and will put into practice some traffic laws requiring pedestrians to cross roads on foot across bridges. additionally, a clearly defined bus stop should be available to prevent frantic stops by vehicles. The situation and trends related to road safety in the DMP area have been thoroughly explored in this paper. Additionally, it highlights some current concerns and goals for improving road safety for pedestrian.
Dynamic Cone Penetration Test: An Alternative Method for Quality Control of Subgrade Layer
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-17) Tongcongya, Anjon; Hossain, Md. Tanveer
The durability of subgrade layer depends on the and compactness of the materials. However, the commonly used method for checking the density of subgrade layer is costly and time consuming. This study helps to eradicate these problems by introducing an alternative method to check the density at field. In this research the relationship between Dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP) and soil dry density was developed. The collected soil samples from LGED road development projects at 6 different locations were selected to develop the relationship. Grain size analysis, Liquid limit and Plastic limit, Specific gravity, Standard proctor test, sand cone test were performed on these samples. In laboratory the standard ASTM method was followed for compaction, a 4-inch diameter cylindrical mold and 2.5 kg hammer with drop height of 12 inch was used to prepare the test sample. The test samples were prepared at different density by varying the compaction rate and DCP penetration were measured. A number of DCP test were performed on compacted test samples to determine the penetration rate. Then the relationship were developed between DCP penetration and dry density. A linear relationship was developed between DCP penetration and dry density. The relationship developed from this study can be used to checked the density at field using DCP more efficiently comparing with sand cone method.
Observation of Garments Waste Management System
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-21) Haque, Md. Fazlul; Islam, Md. Ariful; Halder, Soumitro; Hasan, Md. Abu
The necessity of garment waste reducing, recycling and disposal management is motivated by the increasing cost and decreasing availability of dumping area and the diminish of natural resources. The raw materials in various combinations undergo different processes during production and are converted to finished goods. The residue left out after each process during production remains waste. The aim of this study was to identify the garments industry to shift to better waste management practices of the selected garments and to possible solution to recover the present condition. During the observation of a few surrounding Garments of Ashulia, Savar and EPZ we tried to look after the processing of their waste management system. Most of the waste is generated from the factory was clothing waste, which is 1.5 tons approx. every day. Recyclable waste is generated around 90kg every day. Caution they follow to protect the workers from generated waste were proper dress and fire safety. Worker is affected by the generated waste were said yes 0% and no 30% and future plans for improving your factory waste and management were discussing with the higher authorities to reduce this waste. We reached to garments employee, local people and farmers to know how they are dealing with this waste. From the analysis, we find that, directly affected by the waste is 30%, not affected 65% and neutral 5%. Last six months average 8/9 people has been affected by this waste, 41% people said that they are affected, 57% said no one affected and neutral 2%. The management system of garments factory is right were said 52%, not right said 40% and neutral 8%. Waste affecting agricultural land were said yes 25%, not affecting 68% and neutral 7%. Improvement of drainage system could be the way out of this problem were said yes 66% people, no 25% and neutral 9%. The study concludes that the Waste Management is the human control of the collection, treatment and disposal of different wastes. Some components of waste have economic value and can be recycled once correctly recovered. The most important barriers to recycling are lack of equipment and technology, lack of materials to recycle and lack of consumer awareness. The compositions of different wastes have varied over time and location, with industrial development and innovation being directly linked to waste materials.
Comparative Study on R.C.C and Composite Building
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-21) Nafi, Wasek Al; Paul, Ankon Chandra; Sarkar, Peo; Hasan, Md. Nayeemul; Tushar, Md. Jinnat Hossain
The composite reinforced concrete structure has gained widespread recognition worldwide as an alternative to pure steel and pure concrete structures. However, this approach is a new concept for the construction sector. Composite reinforced concrete elements are widely used in modern buildings. Extensive research of composite column, composite beam and bridge deck, where the structural steel profile is packed in precast concrete. However, for medium to high buildings, the RCC structure is no longer economical due to increased self-loading, less rigidity, span control and dangerous shape. The results of this work show that composite structures are the most effective solution for high structure compared to the structure of R.C.C. Keywords: Composite Structure, RCC Structure, Composite Column, composite floor, Steel Beam, Shear Connector, Time History Analysis, Equivalent Linear Static Method, Industrial Building, Cost Difference, ETABS software.
Observation of Quality and Quantity of AC Water
(Daffodil International University, 22-09-21) Hasan, Mehidy; Das, Roki Kumar; Islam, Md. Saidul; Saha, Hridoy
Today, a large portion of the world is experiencing water scarcity. The global demand for freshwater is increasing every day. The demand of fresh water is increasing day by day in big cities especially for Dhaka city where the groundwater table depletion rate is about 2 m to 3 m per year. As a result, other sources are being investigated in order to reduce demand. Water from air conditioners (AC) could be used. The water from air conditioner is usually wasted. The water from the air conditioner is good water and "clean," in general. We are first collecting water from air conditioning (morning, noon, night). Then we tested the water before and after boiling. On the acquired sample, various water quality parameter testing were performed. The average concentrations of before boil value pH 7.6, Iron 0, Conductivity 0,Turbidity 0.67, and DO 3.51, BOD 10, COD 36, and after boil value pH 7.73, Iron 0, Conductivity 0,Turbidity 0.80, and DO 2.66, BOD 8, COD 32, in condensate water from air conditioners were determined in this study. We compared the Air Conditioning water quality with WHO’s drinking water standard. Since they don't include any salts or residual solids. We can get extremely cheap clean drinking water with the right filter equipment. The goal of this research is to learn more about how condensate water from air conditioning systems can be reused. A sample of AC water was taken and its volume was calculated over time. Then we get the test value of parameters pH is acceptable but BOD, COD, Iron, Conductivity, Turbidity, and DO are not in acceptable limit.
Study on Traffic Delay At Akran Intersection And Comparison with Theoretical Model
(Daffodil International University, 22-10-01) Ali, Md Sehab; Zaman, Md Mehedi; Koushik, Md Kabidul Islam; Sarker, Chandra
There are both motorized and non-powered vehicles in Bangladesh traffic. In the absence of lane rules and unrestrained mixing of different types of vehicles, the character of the traffic stream becomes heterogeneous. In addition, formulae for forecasting traffic delays and optimizing signal timing, which includes predicting several factors, do not account for non-lane-based traffic circumstances. Although various methods exist for estimating the delays at junction approaches, relatively little study has been undertaken to evaluate their consistency. This research proposes a dependable strategy for estimating Bangladesh's real field delay. At Dhaka city junctions, traffic data were gathered for the purpose of the study. Four video cameras were utilized to collect field data, and the information necessary for the delay estimate was acquired. The research suggests that the theoretical incremental delay (due to random arrival and oversaturated queues) in the HCM 2000 delay model be modified to reflect the field conditions more accurately. The existing delay model exhibits a strong connection with the current example but requires more refinement to be applicable to the whole range of input variables.
A Comparative Study of M10 and M15 Concrete's Strength Using Hand Mixing Method & Machine Mixing Method
(Daffodil International University, 22-10-12) Hossain, Shazzad; Amin, Md.Ruhul; Hossain, Sabbir
The concrete cylindrical compression test was used in our studies of compressive strength tests as a partial replacement for fine aggregate. M10 concrete mix has a cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate ratio of 1:3:6, whereas M15 has a cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate ratio of 1:2:4. Both Hand Mixing and Machine Mixing have been utilized in the production of concrete cylinders, and both M10 and M15 ratios have been achieved. When making concrete, it is common practice to mix the components by hand rather than using a mixer machine. Concrete mixing without a mixer is reserved for low-volume projects when both the quantity of concrete needed and the need of a consistent mix are minimal. Machine mixing refers to combining the concrete materials in a concrete mixer. We began by sieving fine aggregates (sand) and course aggregates (stone chips). The slam test was then performed by mixing M10 and M15 concrete by hand and machine. We ended up making 36 concrete cylinders in total. On the UTM machine, we tested the compressive strength of those concrete cylinders. Experiment were done to analyze the compressive strength of M10 and M15 concrete using hand mixing method and machine mixing method. Also, we compare compressive strength of M10 and M15 Concrete between hand mixing and machine mixing method. The Highest Compressive strength achieved by Hand Mixing method for M10 4.46 N/mm2 at 28 days. Study result reveals that highest Compressive strength achieved by Machine Mixing method for M10 9.29 N/mm2 at 28 days, the Highest Compressive strength achieved by Hand Mixing method for M15 4.46 N/mm2 at 28 days, the Highest Compressive strength achieved by Machine Mixing method for M15 9.55 N/mm2 at 28 days.
Plumbing Design of a Building
(Daffodil International University, 22-10-13) Chakma, Swapnil; Roy, Ashis Kumar; Ahmmed, Md. Emtiaz
Plumbing and sanitary system is very important for a building. Proper planning and designing of plumbing system is crucial as it takes care of the hygiene requirements of the occupants. Plumbing isn't only for the collection, transportation, and dispersal of clean water, it can also be used to remove liquids and waste. Plumbers work to ensure that plumbing systems perform waste disposal in an efficient and safe manner. This makes it possible to separate your clean water from harmful contaminants. In this report the plumbing system design for a four store residential building has been presented. This includes the necessary CAD files as well as all the calculations and considerations in detail.
Observation of Water Quality of Balu River
(Daffodil International University, 22-10-16) Islam, Md. Maminul
The Balu River is a notoriously contaminated location where unreliable chemical interactions between harmful compounds and water quality occur. As a result, ongoing monitoring of this area is essential for implementing the necessary environmental system of management. The study was carried out at the Balu River in Dhaka.area close to the Demra. Analysis of water quality plays a big role in environmental engineering. Aquatic life and the surrounding ecology are also impacted. It is occasionally necessary to take qualitative measurements in order to continuously assess the water quality coming from the various supply sources. Physical, chemical, or biological variables can affect the quality of water. Thermodynamic characteristics of water quality include turbidity and temperature. This study was about to measuring water quality in Balu river. We were selected three different stations these are Meradia bazar, poschimgaon and Demra. We also selected eight water quality parameters to measuring water quality these are pH, DO, BOD, EC, COD, Turbidity, Temperature and Iron. We have collected water samples and tested in a lab. This study shows the variation of water quality parameters at three different locations. These are- Meradia bazar, Poschimgaon and Demra. From the observed physicochemical parameters. The mean values of these parameters are, pH 6.77, DO 4.27 mg/l, BOD 9.3 mg/l, COD 40 mg/l, EC 197 μS/cm, Turbidity 72 NTU, Temperature 33 °C and Iron 1 mg/l. On the basis of this study, The acceptable ranges of all parameters for aquatic life- pH (6.5-6.8), DO 5 mg/l, BOD 6 mg/l, EC (200-1000) μS/cm, Turbidity 10 NTU, Temperature (26-32) °C and Iron 1 mg/l. The majority of the parameters are not within permissible range. Keywords Balu river, samples locations, water quality parameters and aquatic
Pedestrian Walking Speed Data Analysis
(Daffodil International University, 22-11-08) Marma, Uchinghla; Niloy, Al Bin Sakin; Shampa, Samira Afrin; Marma, Paiwapru
The demands of senior pedestrians are not effectively catered for in the current transportation situation. Unfortunately, little is known about the traits and conduct of pedestrians, with the exception of children. The basic observation that elderly walkers move more slowly than younger ones is readily corroborated by field data, but the information currently available on walking speeds and start-up times is far from perfect. To measure the walking speed and startup time of walkers of various ages, a number of field investigations were carried out. In Dhaka City, four crosswalks were examined. In relation to site and environmental characteristics, such as street width, pedestrian-signal type, street functional categorization, crossing type, and channelization, data on walking speeds and start-up times were gathered. Data were gathered on two groups of pedestrians: one subject group who appeared to be 60 or older, and the other control group who appeared to be younger than 60. The results show that pedestrians walk at a variety of speeds. Video recording was used to collect data for about 4.5 hours, although the model improvement required surveying 2768 participants in total. In Dhaka, the sidewalk near Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College recorded the fastest or slowest walking speed (82.97 m/s). In all appearances when there are fewer walkers, men visitors go more quickly than female tourists. All middle-aged (84.06 m/min) and younger (23.48 m/min) adults move at speeds that are substantially faster than the pitiful Walking pace. Particularly for individuals who aren't transporting anything, the walking speeds of people carrying things are essentially same. Simply put, receiving walk speeds in whole shaft jobs are slower than walking speeds on mixed land uses. A male ranger has a faster root velocity than a female ranger within each arrowhead.
Evacuation in High Rise Building: A Small Scale Survey on Basis of BNBC 2020
(Daffodil International University, 22-12-17) Rashid, M.M. Mamunur; Ali Shekh, _Sabbir
This paper has been prepared by investigating various types of accident reduction and investigating technique, comprising of a literature review and utilized to achieve the investigating objectives. The required questionnaires are included in field survey taking the AB-4 Building of Daffodil International University in account. Various building data were collected and the inputs of various control systems in the building and their usage rates has been recorded. The accident prevention mechanism with strategy highlights and their personal control system given by BNBC 2020 are outlined in this paper. সারাাংশ
Plumbing System of a Building
(Daffodil International University, 22-12-20) Islam, Md. Saiful; Shuvo, Saiful Islam; Tabassum, Atoshi
A building's plumbing and sanitary system is crucial. The plumbing system must be planned and designed properly in order to meet the residents' needs for hygiene. A plumbing system will aid in ensuring that connections of the waste and clean water plumbing parts are kept apart by air gaps, physical separations, and adherence to building requirements. Plumbing preservation may stop cross-contamination, keeping your home's water pure and secure at all times. This study presents the plumbing system design for a residential structure with seven stories. This contains all necessary CAD files as well as a thorough breakdown of all calculations and factors.