Year 2021
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Item PROFITABILITY AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT OF PABDA FISH PRODUCTION IN MYMENSINGH DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) SINHA, SAMIA AKTERIn Bangladesh, the fish farming sector has the potential to achieve self-sufficiency in the food sector and to reduce poverty. It is necessary to increase fish production and more participation of women eventually increases fish production. The main objective of the present study was profitability and women empowerment of Pabda fish production in Bangladesh. Data were collected from 100 Pabda fish farmers in two villages namely, Koltapara and Ramgopalpur villages of Gouripur Upazilla under Mymensingh district where an adequate amount of Pabda farms were available. Data were collected by using a pre-tested interview schedule. The study found that gross return was Tk 2265088.73/hectare, net return Tk 988425.11 /hectare, gross margin was Tk 1110491.20 /hectare. BCR based on variable cost was 1.96, and BCR based on total cost was 1.77 which indicated that Pabda fish production was profitable in the study area. The study found that fingerling cost, salt and lime cost, feed cost, medicine cost, and water pumping cost had a significant impact on Pabda fish production. Production efficiency of Pabda fish was 96 percent. The study found that farmers wives involved in different agricultural activities including Pabda fish production. Women in Pabda fish farming still need to be empowered more and trained to enhance their capabilities and involved in Pabda fish system production. In this study number of problems were also identified which were classified as technical problems, economic problems, and social problems during Pabda fish farming. Some policy recommendations were also given at the end of the study which will be helpful to the Pabda fish.Item COMPARATIVE PROFITABILITY BETWEEN ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL COUNTRY BEAN FARMING IN NARSINGDI DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) AKTER, HAFSHACountry bean is a common winter vegetables and farmer can grow it in the field and also in homestead area. In Narsingdi district, country bean is grown with other winter and summer vegetables and also as a solo crop in both organic and conventional farming. The research aims to compare the profitability of country bean farming between organic and conventional in Narsingdi district. Endogenous treatment effect analysis is also used to compare the profitability of organic and conventional farming. 100 organic and 100 conventional country bean farmers were selected for this study. The variable costs for organic country bean production were Tk. 175423.68/ha and Tk. 206182.76/ha for conventional country bean production. Total fixed cost of organic country bean production was Tk. 98529.98/ha and Tk. 71351.93/ha for conventional country bean production. Total revenue, gross margin, and net margin of country bean for organic farming were Tk. 35346.1/ha, Tk.178042.45/ha and Tk. 66597.93/ha respectively. For conventional farming, total revenue, gross margin, and net margin of country bean were Tk. 385705.34/ha, Tk. 179522.58/ha and Tk. 89493.29/ha respectively. The benefit-cost ratio on the basis of variable cost was 1.99 and BCR on the basis of total cost was 1.23 for organic farming. For conventional farming, the benefit-cost ratio on the basis of variable cost was 1.86 and BCR on the basis of total cost was 1.30. The endogenous treatment effect model estimation result indicates that conventional country bean farmers got 22.9% more gross margin than organic country bean farmers. Major problems faced by organic farmers were lack of demand, high labor cost, low price at peak season, lack of storage facilities, lack of middlemen, lack of transportation, lack of marketing facilities, lack of credit facilities, high price of organic fertilizer, high disease damage. However, major problems faced by conventional country bean farmers were high labor cost, low price at peak season, lack of storage facilities, lack of middlemen, lack of transportation, lack of credit facilities, high price of fertilizer, high disease damage. Both organic and conventional country bean farmers suggested some recommendations to solve the problems.Item VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF PINEAPPLE IN TANGAIL DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) JAHAN, KHOSNURThe present study was designed to measure value chain analysis of Pineapple in Tangail district of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected from the pineapple growing area of Madhupur and Jalchatro. Hundred producers and sixty intermediaries were interviewed for the study through simple random sampling and purposive sampling procedure. Producers were selected by using simple random sampling and intermediaries were selected by purposive sampling. BCR for pineapple production in this study was 1.35 which indicates that pineapple production was profitable in the study area. In marketing system of pineapple, many value chain actors were involved such as Faria, Bepari, Arathdar and retailer. In this study area, it was found that young and illiterate farmers were mostly engaged in pineapple cultivation. Farm gate price of pineapple was Tk. 2316.66 per 100 kg and sell price of pineapple paid by retailers was Tk. 4670 per 100 kg. Total marketing cost was estimated at Tk. 3070.3 per 100 kg of pineapple. Among all intermediaries Farias’ cost was highest and the lowest for Retailers. The marketing margin of Faria, Bepari, Arathder, Retailers were Tk.322.10, Tk. 182.35, Tk.131.4 and Tk.363.84 respectively for 100 kg pineapple. Pineapple production efficiency was 96% in the study area. The study also identified some major problems faced by producers and actors in the pineapple value chain. The major problems faced by farmer were lack of scientific knowledge (80%), lack of capital (52%), lack of seedling (40%), perishability (64%), lack of credit facilities (57%) etc. Market actors also suggest some recommendations to solve their problems.Item MARKETING SYSTEM OF EGG IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF TANGAIL DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) JAHAN, FARJANAThe present study was conducted to estimate the profitability of egg production and marketing in Tangail district of Bangladesh. Three villages from Gopalpur Upazila and two villages from Ghatail Upazila were selected for this study. In total, 52 egg producers were selected purposively for the study. Out of 52 samples, 32 were from Gopalpur Upazila and 20 were from Ghatail Upazila. Primary data were collected during March to June, 2022 through field visits. The required data were collected through structured interview schedule from the 52 egg producers. The secondary information sources were DLS reports, BLRI reports, Bangladesh economic review, BBS, different journals, newspaper, relevant websites etc. Descriptive statistics and Profit equation were used to address the main objectives of the study. The results of the study showed that, per 100 layers, average total cost for egg production was Tk. 1,98,966.98. Per 100 layers gross return from egg production was estimated Tk. 2,85,165.8 and per 100 layers average net return of egg production was Tk. 86198.82. The study considered land use cost, housing cost, equipment cost, feed cost, day old chick cost, transportation cost, maintenance cost, veterinary cost, electricity cost and miscellaneous cost. The study identified the exiting marketing channels in the study area. The study also identified that egg producers were facing some problems such as: price of poultry feed and feed materials, high price of veterinary drugs, lack of government support, lack of information in layer farming system etc. If these problems could be solved within the shortest possible time, all the egg producers could be able to earn a much higher profit than the existing level. On the basis of findings, some recommendations were made for the development of egg production and marketing in Bangladesh.Item AN ANALYSIS OF SHRIMP VALUE CHAIN AND IDENTIFY THE RISK MANAGEMENT ADOPTION BEHAVIOR AMID VALUE CHAIN ACTORS IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF THE KHULNA DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) PAUL, AGARFisheries sector is playing an important role in the economy of Bangladesh from the ancient time. The overall objectives of the present study were to identify the activities conducted by different actors in shrimp value chain, calculate the corresponding costs and earnings of those activities of the actors and evaluate the distribution of revenue, cost and profit along the chain, do situational analysis (SWOT analysis) of shrimp value chain and to identify the risks faced by the shrimp value chain actors and their management technique. Dumuria and Paikgacha upazilla of Khulna district were selected for the study based on intensive cultivation of shrimp. Simple random sampling technique had been used for collecting data from 100 shrimp farmers, 20 wholesalers, 3 commission agents and 2 processors by using structured interview schedule. After analyzing the data, it found that order to produce and export one kilogram of shrimp, farmers had to bear 78% of the costs, 64% of the revenue, and 21% of the profit. Despite making a higher contribution to revenue and expenses than any other group, farmers did not do so in a profit. Conversely, the wholesaler only retained 19% of revenue and 7% of costs, while absorbing 57% of the profit. Per kilogram of shrimp, the processor contributed 16% in revenue, 14% in expenses and 20% in profit. In comparison to other actors, wholesalers therefore always gain. Farmers have always kept a larger portion of revenue and costs compared to a smaller portion of profit. The commission agent has not significantly altered as usual. The most notable beneficiaries are the wholesalers, whose profit share has consistently been high relative to revenue and expense sharing. This study also identified some of the problems and barriers associated with shrimp farming. Problems faced by the respondents were ranked on the basis of extent of magnitude. The problems should be removed comprehensively through an integrated program for the overall development of shrimp value chain. Among the risk factors, 65% shrimp farmers termed natural disaster as the biggest risk factor.75% farmers were used net around four side of the gher as risk mitigation technique. Most of the farmer said that they do not enough financial support from government.Item A STUDY ON IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON MOBILE FINANCIAL SERVICE AND SAVING PRACTICES: THE CASE OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, 2021) FAGUN, ANIKA NAWARThe world is passing a grievous phase because of a fast-spreading disease named COVID-19. Almost all countries have experienced the impact of coronavirus on their economy. Unexpectedly, due to that situation some industries like retail chain shops, online grocery shops, mobile financial service, IT firms are experiencing growth in Bangladesh. Mobile financial service is relatively new concept but a fast-growing industry in our country. But there are some issues that MFS users face, especially rural people. History of economics shows that countries that succeeded in accumulating high levels of domestic investment largely financed by domestic savings, achieved faster rates of economic growth and development. So, understanding peoples saving behaviour is crucial. Therefore, this paper focused on finding the impact of COVID-19 on saving practice of mobile financial service users of rural area as economic growth and development depend on a country’s level of domestic savings. To fully understand the situation, the researchers aimed to find the answers to some key questions: (1) Did mobile financial service reach to rural people in this pandemic? (2) Did saving rate increased during pandemic? (3) What is the impact of mobile financial service on saving behavior of people? (4) What are the key determinants of saving practices of mobile banking users? Both descriptive and advanced statistical analysis were used for analyzing the data and a cross sectional survey on user of mobile financial services was performed. The study area was three sub districts (Phulbaria, Nandail, Gouripur) of Mymensingh district in Bangladesh. A four-stage sampling technique was used for data collection. First three villages were chosen from the three selected sub-districts. Then, the highest MFS user villages were surveyed for collecting information through primary survey. Simple random sampling method has been used in selecting sample and collecting data from the respondent. A total of 210 users was interviewed from the selected areas. Statistical packages such as SPSS was used for data analysis. Researchers found that mobile financial service industry has significantly grown during pandemic but the saving practices of rural people have decreased. Age, occupation, average monthly family income, saving habit, monthly income during pandemic are the significant factors of the saving practices of mobile banking users. The findings will be useful to overcome the pandemic crisis and to achieve the sustainable development goals.Item CONSUMER PERCEPTIONS AND PURCHASING BEHAVIOR TOWARD PROCESSED FOOD PRODUCTS IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF DHAKA DISTRICT IN BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA- 1207, 2021-06) ESHA, MOSTARINA PARVINAround the turn of the century, a new trend began to sweep the country replacing cookedmeals with highly processed, ready-to-eat items. The number of single-parent householdsis on the rise, as is consumer demand for processed goods. The study's goals were todefine some of the consumers‟ characteristics, assess the consumers‟ opinions ofprocessed foods, and discover the elements that substantially impact the consumers‟decision to purchase branded processed foods. A total of 130 customers were chosen at random basis from Sher-e-Bangla Nagar and Mohammadpur areas in the Dhaka districtfor the study. Data were collected from respondents between June 1 and July 30, 2020, using a pre-tested interview schedule. Gender, age, education, employment, family size, consumer awareness, and frequency of purchase were among the socioeconomic factorsstudied using percentage analysis. Binary Logistic Regression was used to determine thevariable‟s contributions. The study's dependent variable was the purchase of brandedfood goods, whereas the study's independent variables were eight different importantaspects of the respondents. The majority of respondents (72.41 percent) who consumed processed food items were female, while the rest (27.59 percent) were male, according to the interview poll. Education, family size, and quality show a strong relationship withpurchasing branded food goods among chosen characteristics of the respondents. So,when entering into such a business, the innovative firm should keep these points in mind,and manufacturers, policymakers, and those planning marketing strategies for products with nutritive and qualitative value should think twice before launching such products.Item CONSUMER PERCEPTION ON PROCESSED FOOD: A STUDY FROM GAIBANDHA DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA- 1207, 2021-06) ZAMAN, ATQIYA FAHMIDAWith the quick shift in people's lifestyles, consumer food consumption pattern in Bangladesh has experienced a remarkable transition in the last millennium. This paper's main goals are to find out customer perceptions of branded and non-branded processed food and assess the factors affecting their buying decision. A total of 100 consumers were interviewed through a structured questionnaire in Gaibandha district in 2021. The result shows that freshness, quality, and packaging items are the most important factors to customers and time saving is the unquestionable reasons to choose processed foods. Young generation’s (21-40) purchasing frequency of packaged branded processed food is higher than other age group. Advertisement influences the customer more while purchasing. Consumer perception and satisfaction have positive influence on buying decision of consumer. More study might be done on a different section of customers, such as healthconscious consumers, or package design could be included. It provides empirical information concerning the nature and patterns of customer consumption. Customers' satisfaction levels are measured based on a variety of elements, with the aftereffects, people recommendation to other customers, that also boosting sales.Item A STUDY ON MARKETING CHANNEL, PROFITABILITY AND STORAGE FACILITY OF POTATO IN RANGPUR DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA- 1207, 2021-06) TAHABUR, GOLAMPresent study was carried with a view to examine the channels of potato market from farmers to consumers through various stages, determine the profitability of storing potato in cold storage, estimate marketing margin factors affecting marketing margin, identify the problems and suggest measures for its improvement. This study mainly based on 110 samples, randomly selected from the study areas in Rongpur District. The sample included 56 farmers, and 16 Beparies, 8 wholesalers/Arothers, and 20 retailers and 10 samples were selected from cold storage owners. Primary data were collected during the month of September to October 2021. Secondary data were collected from publications of different institutions including BBS. The study indicates that marketable surplus of potato of the growers is around 88 percent of the total production Various intermediaries participated in the potato marketing channels were Bepari, wholesaler, Aroldher (commission agent), retailer and cold storage owner. The study revealed that local marketing channel-1l consisted of Farmer Bepari -Wholesaler Retailer- Consumer was the most efficient. Farmers' traditional method of storing potato appears to be more economic in short term storage (three months or less) and in long duration storage in cold storage (four to nine months) was more effective. Potato storage loss was higher traditional method. It was found that the storage loss were 6.8% and 4.37% for farmers and intermediaries in traditional method, respectively. In case of cold storage method the storage loss was 2.6% for both the farmers and intermediaries. The average net margins (profit) of Beparie, wholesalers, and retailers were Tk. 29.11, Tk. 23.59, and Tk. 64.45 per quintal which was 4.64%, 3.76% and 9.95% of total investment, respectively. Among the intermediaries marketing margin was the highest in retailers and the lowest in wholesalers. To identify the factors affecting marketing margin of intermediaries, thirteen variables included in the multiple linear model which transportation cost, storage cost, wastage/damage cost, loading and unloading cost, packaging cost, commission cost, market toll cost, personal expenses cost, other marketing cost, purchase price and sale price found statistically significant. The potato farmers and intermediaries in the study area faced various types of marketing problems like low price, price fluctuation. shortage of capital, high charge of cold storage, lack of marketing facility, lack of proper grading, lack of adequate marketing information, perish ability of potato etc. Increased credit facilities, improvement of transportation facilities, providing extension services, ensuring better and incentive price policy, establishment of processing industries and increased export by taking favorable export policy would be helpful to solve the problems.Item SUPPLY CHAIN ANALYSIS OF CUT FLOWERS IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF JASHORE AND DHAKA DISTRICT(DEPARTMENT OF AGRIBUSINESS AND MARKETING, SHER-E-BANGLA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, DHAKA- 1207, 2021-06) DAS, BISHAWJITThe research aims to investigate the current supply chain, impact of post-harvest losses on marketing margin and efficiency, and seasonal price variations of flower. The research was based on both primary and secondary sources of information. About 95 respondents were selected using simple random sampling from Jashore and Dhaka city to provide primary data. Additionally, this study considered four different types of flowers, including roses, marigolds, gladiolus, and tuberose. Gladiolus has the highest total cost per hectare and marigold had the lowest. On the other hand, retailer had the highest estimated marketing cost per hundred flowers and they added the most value. Additionally, gladiolus had the highest marketing margin before and after the post-harvest loss, followed by rose, tuberose and marigold. In Jashore district, the seasonal price indices for gladiolus were highest in December and lowest in July. Furthermore, gladiolus had the highest seasonal price indices in October and the lowest in August in Dhaka city. Based on the findings of this research, it is recommended to maintain post-harvest losses properly specifically providing freezervans for flower transportation from the production area to different districts and improving storage facilities.