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    OVARIAN MORPHOMETRY AND EXPRESSION OF GENE IN SECONDARY AND TERTIARY FOLLICLES DURING FOLLICULOGENESIS OF BLACK BENGAL GOAT
    (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2024-06) Prank, Md. Rasel
    This study aimed to evaluate the macro and microscopic anatomy with gene expression during folliculogenesis between the right and left ovary of Black Bengal Goat (BBG). A total of 50 reproductive organs of female goats were collected from a local slaughterhouse in the Chattogram city corporation of Bangladesh, and biometric parameters of ovaries (25 pairs) were measured. Then, they were processed and stained with H&E for histomorphometry. The secondary and tertiary follicles were manually harvested from each category's 25 pairs of ovaries. The relative transcript abundance of the mRNAs was determined by qPCR. Data were analyzed using an unpaired Student's t-test. The present study found a significant (P≤0.05) difference in shapes between the right and left ovaries. The almond-shaped ovaries were more frequent than oval-shaped ovaries. The mean length, width, weight, thickness, and volume of the right and left ovary were 1.70±0.22 & 1.63±0.33 cm, 1.20±0.20 & 1.11±0.22 cm, 1.12±0.39 & 1.10±0.49 gm, 0.89±0.13 & 0.83±0.12 cm, and 1.23±0.40 & 1.11±0.52 ml, respectively. The average number of the secondary and tertiary follicles of the right and left ovary was 7.56 ±2.88 & 7.32±2.93, and 5.76±2.55 & 5.08±2.54, respectively. All measure parameters apparently had higher values in the right ovary but were statistically non-significant (P>0.05). Within 10 tested genes, MAOB mRNA was not detected in either category's ovaries. The relative mRNA abundance of the studied folliculogenesis-related genes CYTL1 & ABLIM in secondary follicles and AHRGEF12 in tertiary follicles was upregulated (P < 0.05) in the left ovary compared with the right ovary in goats. The relative abundance of mRNA transcripts in tertiary follicles for PIK3R6 was upregulated (P < 0.05) in the right ovary compared to the left ovary. One gene (TYMS in secondary and tertiary follicles) showed similar mRNA abundances in both ovaries. In conclusion, there is a significant difference in the shapes of the BBG's right and left ovaries. The right ovary was slightly heavier than the left ovary. CYTL1 & ABLIM in secondary follicles and AHRGEF12 in tertiary follicles were upregulated in the left ovary compared with the right ovary in goats. SLIT3 and GTPBP1 mRNA expression in secondary follicles only approached being significantly (P<0.1) higher in the right ovary. PIK3R6 was upregulated in the right ovary compared with the left ovary. All the findings mentioned above have established the baseline for the dimensions and gene expression difference of the right and left ovary of the BBG in Bangladesh and may be utilized by the physiologist, gynecologist, in vitro ovarian follicle culture (IVFC) system, animal breeder, and other related workers for the development of goat production.
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    POSTNATAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF LYMPHOID ORGANS AND TISSUES IN DESHI CHICKEN (GALLUS DOMESTICUS) OF BANGLADESH
    (Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong – 4225, Bangladesh, 2018-06) Hasan Sohel, DR. Md. Shahriar
    The gross and histomorphometrical studies were conducted in scavenging and captive deshi chickens of Bangladesh to know the comparative postnatal growth and development of lymphoid organs and tissues during the period of March to December, 2017. Total 40 non-descriptive deshi chickens were reared in scavenging and intensive system (20 chickens for each) from day 1 to 180 according to standard rearing system. Gross examinations of different lymphoid organs were performed for different ages (day 1, day 30, day 90 and day 180) of both types of rearing chickens. For histomorphometrical study the tissue samples were fixed, processed and stained with H & E stain according to the standard histological procedure and AmScope image measurement software were used for histomorphometry. The gross weight, length and width of thymus, spleen and cecal tonsils were gradually increased significantly (P≤0.05) with the advancement of ages in both scavenging deshi chickens (SDC) and captive deshi chickens (CDC) but the weight, height and width of bursa were decreased at D180 in both types of reared chickens. In both SDC and CDC, the highest weight (1.88 ± 0.13 and 2.04 ± 0.11 gm, respectively), height (1.26 ± 0.11 and 1.48 ± 0.08 cm, respectively) and width (0.76 ± 0.09 and 1.04 ± 0.11 cm, respectively) of bursa was found at D90 but the highest number of thymic lobe (6.40 ± 0.54 and 6.40 ± 0.54, respectively), weight (0.98 ± 0.08 and 1.26 ± 0.11 gm, respectively) and length (3.68 ± 0.08 and 3.78 ± 0.08 cm, respectively) of thymus; the highest weight (2.78 ± 0.16 and 3.06 ± 0.18 gm, respectively), length (1.98 ± 0.08 and 2.26 ± 0.16 cm, respectively) and width (1.42 ± 0.08 and 1.62 ± 0.08 cm, respectively) of spleen and the highest weight (2.60 ± 0.10 and 2.72 ± 0.08 gm, respectively), length (1.70 ± 0.10 and 1.82 ± 0.08 cm, respectively) and width (1.18 ± 0.08 and 1.30 ± 0.10 cm, respectively) of cecal tonsil was found at D180. All the gross parameters were found significantly (P≤0.05) higher in CDC as compared with SDC. Similarly, the histomorphometrical parameters such as length and width of thymic lobules, white pulps of spleen and lymphatic nodules of cecal tonsils were also increased significantly (P≤0.05) with the advancement of ages in both SDC and CDC but height of epithelium, number and height of mucosal folds, number of follicles per mucosal fold of bursa were decreased at D180 in both SDC and CDC. All those histomorphometrical parameters were found significantly (P≤0.05) higher in CDC as compared with SDC. So, it is concluded that the higher gross and histomorphometrical parameters of lymphoid organs of captive deshi chickens than that of scavenging deshi chickens were due to their different rearing system.
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    RELIABLE DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES FOR CANINE DIABETES WITH HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF ORGANS
    (Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong – 4225, Bangladesh, 2018-09) Poddar, Sonnet
    The study was planned to find out a reliable diagnostic techniques for canine diabetes with histopathological effects on different organs. A total number of 53 candidate diabetic dogs from SAQTVH, CVASU and Chittagong metropolitan area were studied. Diabetes in dogs were determined on the basis of clinical finding, hematological profile and serum biochemical profile evaluation. Organs specimens from a dead diabetic and healthy dog were collected for histopathological studies. The prevalence of diabetic dog was 5.76%. The mean blood glucose parameter in diabetic dog was 11.5±0.42 mmol/L. TLC (10.48±0.32 ×103 /μl), ALT (143.38±2.66 IU/L), cholesterol (237.68±0.43 mg/dl) and glycated haemoglobin (9.51±0.31%) values were significantly elevated in diabetic dogs than that of control dog. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c %) test was more reliable than portable blood glucose measurement device test, oral glucose tolerance test and hematological profile evaluation test. Histopathologically, the number and size of pancreatic islet were reduced with degeneration, fatty deposition, fibrosis and necrosis. The villus length of intestinal mucosa was shorter (1.1 mm) in diabetic dog than healthy dog (1.5 mm). Cellular infiltration and fatty deposition were observed in liver of diabetic dog. HbA1c test might be useful to clinician for effective diagnosis of canine diabetes and histopathology of different organs might provide knowledge about deleterious effects on organs.