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Item STATUS AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF ROYAL BENGAL TIGER IN BANGLADESH NATIONAL ZOO(DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT, 2020) BAHAR, FOWZIAThe Royal Bengal Tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is the national animal of Bangladesh as well as of India. This most majestic mammalian cats are found in Sundarban mainly. It is globally endangered and nationally critically endangered species that is conserved by Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). The current study was done to know the status and management practices of tiger in Bangladesh National Zoo. Different data was collected and feed samples were tested in Central Disease Investigation Laboratory (CDIL). There were 9 tigers including 5 male and 4 female in the study tenure. Beef was supplied every day except Sunday at 8.47±2.36 kg beef and 0.35±0.14 kg liver per animal per day whereas only 1.56±0.53 kg of broiler was allowed on Sunday. The zoo experienced born of several cubs in the last 10 years and 75% of them are male. However, unfortunately some of the cubs were died due to cold stress, inbreeding, trypanosomiasis and renal failure. Though zoo is very nice place for breeding, conservation of endangered animals but due to lack of proper breeding policy, many problems are faced. Housing and other management facilities were recorded good but not internationally standardized. Feed samples were tested negative on the day of feeding whereas all were infected by Escherichia coli on the third day. Finally, it can be concluded that Bangladesh National Zoo is a good place for tiger conservation beyond some limitations.Item STUDY ON LIVESTOCK BY-PRODUCTS & WASTE MATERIALS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AT SOME SELECTED SLAUGHTER-HOUSES IN DHAKA CITY(DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT, 2020) ABDULLA, MD. SHEFATHSlaughter-houses are the places from where people get the meat for consumption, but the time is to utilize the by-products to increase the GDP’s rate from livestock. A field survey was conducted regarding usage of the by-products of slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers in Dhaka city of Bangladesh. Data were collected from total 60 slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers randomly from different part of Dhaka city consisting 20 large animal (cattle, buffalo), 20 small animal (goat, sheep) and 20 poultry bird (chicken, duck) slaughterhouses and/or meat selling centers. Following slaughtering process huge amount of different by-products is also produced that have good economic and nutritive value. The results revealed that edible by-products such as head trimmings, brain, tongue, heart, stomach, lungs, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney and tail were used by 100% as human food. Inedible by-products had diversified uses but to some extent they were also rejected. However, no one of the inedible by-products was fully rejected. Among the inedible by-products the hides had a great industrial value. Poultry by-products like blood, intestines and feather wastes were generally found to utilize as fish feed. Most slaughterhouses were found to maintain moderate to poor hygienic conditions where very few maintained good condition. Almost two-third (61.67%) slaughterhouses were used water container as water supply followed by hose pipe (33.33%) and tape water (5%) for cleaning purpose. It can be concluded that by-products are valuable materials but due to lack of management and industrial mind slaughterhouses of the Dhaka city cannot utilize those materials. Therefore, proper usages of by-products can run a new prospective business in Bangladesh.Item REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCES AND DISEASES OF DIFFERENT CROSS BRED COWS AT CENTRAL CATTLE BREEDING AND DAIRY FARM OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT, 2020) ISLAM, SHAHIDULThis study was conducted on reproductive performances and diseases status of different cross bred cows of dairy cattle at Cental Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm Savar, Dhaka to know about existing reproductive performances and diseases occurrence. In this farm, the existing genotypes of cattle were Local (L), Sahiwal (SL), Friesian (F), Australian Friesian Sahiwal (AFS), Local×Friesian (L×F), Sahiwal×Friesian (SL×F), Friesian 62.5% (LF 1 ×F), Friesian 75% (LF 2 ×F). The highest age at puberty was (1392.47±15.49) days found in Friesian. The lowest age at puberty was found (1052.14±9.53) days in F75% cow. The highest gestation length was (285.86 ± 3.92) days and it was for Local milch cow and lowest gestation length was (278.21 ±3.90) days and it was for F75% cow. Maximum number of service per conception was found in case of Friesian (3.412 ± 0.59) and minimum in local (1.49±0.24). Maximum birth weight was found in case of Friesian (37.35 ± 1.15) kg; minimum in Local (16.51±0.96) kg. Highest milk yield was found in case of Friesian (14± 6.64) L/day and lowest in Local (2.1 ± 0.56) L/day. The highest lactation length was observed in Holstein Friesian milch cow (412.13 ± 6.13 days) & lowest was found in Local (196.15±10.17 days). The highest calving interval was found in Holstein-Friesian x Sahiwal (607.04 ± 8.72) days and lowest in Local (479.78±6.24) days. The highest Postpartum heat period was found in case of LF (298.75 ± 5.80) days and lowest in case of Local (102.41±5.75) days milch cow. The maximum average sperm concentration of frozen semen was obtained from SL and the mean value was 1786.2 million/ml. The minimum average sperm concentration of frozen semen was obtained from F62.5% and the mean value was 1246.2 million/ml. The maximum average pH of frozen semen was obtained from F75% and the mean value was 6.3. The maximum average motility of frozen semen was obtained from SL and the mean value was 66.8%. However, the minimum average motility of frozen semen was obtained from L and the mean value was 65%. Nine major reproduction related diseases and disorders were diagnosed among (n=150) registered sick cows. The highest proportion of cows was diagnosed as retained placenta (24.67%; n=37). Reproductive performances of Holstein Friesian were superior to other dairy crossbreds. Friesian75% breed ranked second and performances of other genotypes were nearly similar. The highest occurrence of retained placenta and anoestrus is very alarming which needs further research to decrease the occurrence of such disorders of cows in population.Item COMPARATIVE SEASONAL ASSESSMENT ON THE QUALITY OF BLACK BENGAL GOAT OOCYTES IN VIEW OF IN VITRO EMBRYO PRODUCTION(DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT, 2020) SARKAR, SHIKHAIn vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes provide an excellent opportunity for cheap and abundant embryos for carrying out animal improvement. With the aim to study the oocyte quality in different seasons of Black Bengal goat, both right and left ovaries were collected from the slaughter houses. For each of the specimens, gross parameters such as right, left, corpus luteum (CL)-present and -absent group and evaluated on the basis of weight (g), length (cm), width (cm), follicles aspirated and number and state of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs), normal COCs and abnormal COCs, the effect of season on cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) of goat oocytes. Our study revealed that the average number of follicles in both left and right ovaries were higher in summer (12.50; 10.48) than in winter season (8.08; 8.21). Both right and left ovaries are great source for large number of oocyte and without-CL ovaries are considered as suitable source to supply quality oocyte for in vitro embryo production of goat. In different corpus luteum-present ovaries total number of follicles were distinctly higher in summer season (9.00±1.00) compared to that of winter season (6.50±1.84). In different corpus luteum-absent ovaries total number of follicles were distinctly higher in summer and winter season (13.52; 11.84) compared to that of CL present ovary in summer and winter season (9.00; 6.50). The oocyte recovery rate (2.14) was higher in summer than in (1.97) winter season. The results obtained in the present study showed that recovery rate of grade A and B oocytes were higher in summer than that of in winter and recovery rate of grade C and D were higher in winter than that of in summer. In the present study a significantly greater number of oocytes per ovary were recovered from ovaries without a corpus luteum (2.23; 2.02) than from ovaries with a corpus luteum(1.50; 1.50). Greater number of oocytes per ovary were recovered from ovaries with and without a corpus luteum (1.50; 2.23) in summer than from ovaries with and without a corpus luteum (1.50; 2.02) in winter. So the summer was the best season for recovery of COCs which have a worthy competence to be matured in vitro.Item QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF BOVINE OOCYTES(DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL PRODUCTION & MANAGEMENT, 2020) ZABER, MD. ABDULLAH ALThe reproductive development of cattle is must to hasten the production of milk and meat. It relies mostly on the quality of oocytes. Thus the present study was carried out to sort out the superior ovary to be used in further research. Cow ovaries were collected from slaughter house, processed and categorized as right or left and ovaries with or without corpus luteum (CL). Morphology of ovaries were studied on the basis of length (cm), width (cm), weight (g), total number of follicles on the surface of each category ovaries, number of follicles aspirated, total number of cumulus-oocyte-complex (COCs) and then graded as normal and abnormal. Significantly (p<0.05) higher mean weight (3.47±0.34 vs 2.44±0.32), length (1.94±0.06 vs 1.71±0.07) and width (1.36±0.06 vs 1.09±0.05) were found in right ovaries than left. Forty seven per cent of right and 20% of left ovaries were found with CL. Numerically higher number of normal (0.97±0.16 vs 0.67±0.15) and total (1.60±0.18 vs 1.40±0.21) COCs was found in left ovaries than right ovaries whereas abnormal COCs were higher in right ovaries (0.73±0.14 vs 0.63±0.13). On the other hand, in comparison between with and without CL ovaries, significantly (p<0.05) higher mean weight (3.81±0.38 vs 2.53±0.29), length (2.04±0.07 vs 1.72±0.06) and width (1.45±0.06 vs 1.11±0.05) were found in with CL ovaries than without CL. The average number of normal COCs of with CL ovary (0.75±0.19) was lower than that of without CL (0.85±0.13) but they are not significant (p<0.05). Finally, it can be concluded that, oocytes from left ovaries in comparison to right and without CL in comparison to with CL are superior in the context of selection of oocytes for embryo development.