STUDY ON PRODUCTIVE AND REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE WITH DISEASE PREVALENCE IN BLACK BENGAL GOAT

Abstract

The study was conducted in three upazila at Dinajpur district of Bangladesh from June 2016 to May 2017. To investigate the productive and reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat along with prevalence of different goat diseases in a smallholder farm. A total of 32 houses from three areas were surveyed and found total 196 goats where 113 were female and 83 male. The productive and reproductive performance of 36 adult (>12 months) female goats out of 196 goat population was explored for the study. The average milk production of goats in Birganj, Sadar and Birol upazilas were found 787.50±79.33, 495.83±149.05 and 304.17±14.38 ml/day, respectively. The average milk production of goats in Sadar is 495.83±149.05 ml/day and at Birol upazila is 304.17±14.38 ml/day were statistically similar but at Birganj the production is 787.50±79.33 ml/day, which was higher among the three areas. The average lactation length of goats of Birganj, Sadar and Birol upazilas were found 121.67±10.06, 88.33±5.75 and 111.67±5.20 days, respectively. The average lactation length was highest 121.67±10.06day in Birganj among the three upazilas. The average body weight of goats of Birganj, Sadar and Birol upazilas were found 13.08±3.27, 17.17±3.25 and 15.33±2.80 kg, respectively. The average body weight of goats of the selected three upazilas did not differ significantly. The average age at puberty and age at 1st kidding of the selected goats in three upazilas was not differ significantly. The average age of puberty of goats of Birganj, Sadar and Birol upazilas were found 8.25±0.69, 8.00±0.86 and 7.00±0.43 months, respectively. The average age at 1st kidding of goats of three upazilas were found 14.25±0.69, 14.00±0.79 and 13.00±0.43 months, respectively. The average post partum heat period of goats of three upazilas was 3.08±0.53, 3.92±0.50 and 2.67±0.40 months, respectively. The diseases were recorded mainly on the basis of history, clinical signs and laboratory examination. Highest prevalence rate (%) of diseases was diarrhoea (19.9) as well as fever and anorexia (19.9) followed by pneumonia (13.8), bloat (11.2), contagious ecthyma (11.2), mixed parasitic infestation (8.7), corneal opacity (3.0), anuria (3.0), mange (2.6), anoestrus (2.0), abscess (1.5), abortion (1.5) and retention of placenta (1.5). Prevalence of diseases was higher in adults (>1year) 43.3% than young goats (7-12months) 30.1% and kids (<6 months) 26.5%, respectively. Overall prevalence of diseases was highest in female (57.6%) than male groups (42.3%). Higher prevalence of diseases was found in rainy season (43.4%) and then winter (35.4%) and summer season (21.1%). The higher prevalence of diseases in traditional rearing systems. The farmers were lack of knowledge for preventive health care and hygienic management. The study suggests that hygienic management practices, adequate supply of nutrients, vaccination and deworming programmes in smallholder rearing system of Black Bangal goats at rural level will improve the production and reduce disease prevalence in goats.