ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM STUDY OF CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS FROM LAMB DYSENTERY
Date
2012-12
Authors
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Journal ISSN
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Publisher
HAJEE MOHAMMOD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR
Abstract
This study was conducted for isolation, identification, and antibiogram study of
Clostridium perfringens organism from lamb dysentery. Affected sheep showed clinical
signs as dysentery, diarrhea, anorexia, weakness, and dehydration. Study was perform by
using morpholigical, cultural, biochemical test and antibiogram study during the period
from July to December 2012. A total of 20 faeces and cloacal swab were collected from
affected sheep farm for this study out of 20 faeces and cloacal swab sample 5 were found
to be positive. Samples were collected from different sheep farm of different area of
Dinajpur District. Faeces and cloacal samples were collected aseptically and microbial
examination was done by using Gram’s staining, cultural and biochemical techniques in
the Department of Microbiology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology
University, Dinajpur. The percentages of positive sample were 25%, 40%, 12.5%,
33.33%, respectively in Rezanur sheep farm, Khalilur sheep farm, Hasan sheep farm and
Mojammal sheep farm. Antibiotic sensitivity was also observed by observing the growth
of organism on antibiotic sensitivity disc by discs diffusion method. The organisms
showed highly sensitive against ciprofloxacin, livofloxacin, penicillin and moderately
sensitive against amoxycilline, enrofloxacin, azithromycin, neomycin and resistant
against gentamycin, streptomycin. Over all antibiotic sensitivity reaveled that penicillin,
ciprofloxacin, livofloxacin were most efficacious followed by amoxycillin and
streptomycin. So, it may be recommended that penicillin, livofloxacin and ciprofloxacin
in optimum doses would resolve most cases of lamb dysentery.
Description
Clostridium perfringens is a widely distributed pathogen known to cause many human
and animal diseases. Domestic animals are known to be sources of human food
poisoning; to decrease or eliminate this risk, strategies must be developed to prevent
infected animals from entering the food chain (Johnson 1997, Mcdonel 1986).
C. perfringens is a Gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, and able to form spores. It is
widespread in the environment, commonly found in the intestines of animals and
humans, and can be pathogenic. In humans, it can cause gangrene and gastrointestinal
diseases (for instance food poisoning and necrotic enteritis), whereas in other animals,
gastrointestinal and enterotoxemic diseases occur more frequently (Petit et al. 1999;
Gkiourtzidis et al. 2001).
C. perfringens produces a variety of exotoxins; four of these - alpha, beta, epsilon, and
iota - are considered the major toxins and are used to group the bacteria into five types
A, B, C, D, and E. Alpha toxin is produced by all strains and is involved in disease
pathogenesis (Petit et al. 1999).
Keywords
CLOSTRIDIUM, Blood agar, Nutrient agar, Solid media