EFFECT OF SUBSTRATE ENRICHMENT ON CONTAMINATION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF OYSTER MUSHROOM (Pleurotus ostreatus)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The experiment was carried out during the period from November 2020 to March 2021 to find out the effect of substrate enrichment on contamination and productivity of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). The experiment consists of eight different types of nutrient supplements with one control to achieve the desired objectives. The treatments were T 0 = Control (without supplementation of nutrients); T 1 = 1% Gypsum; T 2 = 10% Extract of sawdust; T 3 = 0.0001% Torus; T 4 = 1% Macboron; T 5 = 10% Extract of rice straw; T 6 = 1% Shakti zinc; T 7 = 0.5% Grow-cell and T 8 = 0.5% American NPKS. The experiment was laid out in single factor Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The highest mycelium running rate (0.82 cm/day) was observed when the substrate was enriched with 0.5% Grow-cell. The minimum duration required from incubation to completion of mycelium running (17.33 days), from stimulation to primordial initiation (5.89 days), from primordial initiation to 1 harvest (4.67 days) and the lowest total harvesting period (40.00 days) were found when sawdust was enriched with 0.5% Growcell. Again, the maximum number of primordia (86.33), effective fruiting body per packet (30.00), the highest length of pileus (5.11 cm) and width of pileus (7.45 cm) were found at 0.5% Growcell enriched substrates. Oyster mushroom grown on sawdust substrates that enriched with 0.5% Growcell gave the highest biological yield (174.7 g), economic yield (167.3 g) and biological efficiency (34.93%) but the highest cost benefit ratio (3.26) was calculated from 10 ppm Torus. In the experiment, the highest moisture content (91.30 %) and carbohydrate (45.80 %) content was recorded from control spawn whereas the highest protein (27.16 %), lipid (4.70 %), fiber (25.58 %) and ash (13.70 %) was recorded from 0.5% Growcell enriched packets. During the cultivation period four contaminants namely Trichoderma harzianum, Penecillium sp, Rhizopus stolonifer and Aspergillus niger were isolated and identified from contaminated substrates. Percent contamination of fungi gradually increased with the increase of days after stimulation. After 45 days after stimulation (DAT), 0.0001% Torus and 0.5% Growcell enriched substrates were not contaminated. Among the treatments, the performance of 0.5% Growcell was better economically as well as growth and yield performance for the cultivation of oyster mushroom.

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