PREVALENCE AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF CLOACAL ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM IDUSTRIAL BROILER

Abstract

Antimicrobial resistance, a major, health problem for both humans and animals throughout the world, is leading to treatment failure after administering antimicrobial drugs. This study was conducted from January 2018 to June 2018 to determine the pattern of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from Cloacal swab of broiler chickens at Tangail district, Bangladesh. A total of 60 cloacal swab (live 35, Dead 25) samples of live and dead broiler were collected from commercial broiler farms (15sample from each shed). Isolation and identification of E. coli were done by using enrichment media, selective media and by biochemical tests. Among 60 cloacal swab (live 35, Dead 25) samples from broiler were examined of which 45 were culture positive to E. coli were tested against amoxycillin, ampicillin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, colistin sulphate, gentamicin, levofloxacin and pefloxacin. Antimicrobial resistance tests were performed using standard disc diffusion technique. Results showed that all isolates were multi-drug resistant (≥5 antimicrobial agents).Isolates E. coli were absolute resistance to azithromycin and 85 to 90% resistance to ampicillin and pefloxacin. The highest sensitivity pattern of 91% isolates was determined for gentamycin followed by ciprofloxacin (55%), colistin sulphate (33%), amoxycillin (31.2%) and levofloxacin (17%). These findings confirm increase in the incidence of antimicrobial resistance in the E. coli isolates which is most probably due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics as feed additives for growth promotion and prevention of diseases and use of inappropriate antibiotics for treatment of diseases. The abusive use of antimicrobials should be guarded through judicious application of antimicrobials in broiler farms in order to prevent future havoc due to emergence of multidrug resistance E. coli.