Department of Economics and Social Sciences

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Techno-Economic Feasibility Analysis of a Hybrid Energy System for The Community of Albreda and Jufureh
(Department of Computer Science and Engineering(CSE), Islamic University of Technology(IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur, Bangladesh, 2022-05-31) Drammeh, Fakebba; Bojang, Famara
A large number of rural communities in The Gambia are deprived of the basic access to a sufficient and reliable supply of electricity. Among them are those that have no access to it at all. Due to the lack of proximity of these communities to the grid, as well as their relatively low electricity consumption, it is not cost-effective to connect such communities to the only available grid network. Another major issue is the lack of the capacity to supply the electrical loads of the country. These and other factors like high fuel prices makes it necessary to deploy off-grid hybrid renewable energy systems (HRES) for electricity generation in such locations. In this paper, the Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewable (HOMER) is used to model a most suitable hybrid electrical power plant to feed an electrical load of 1,795 kWh/day for the two neighboring villages of Albreda and Jufureh in the North Bank Region of The Gambia. This communities receives a daily average global solar radiation of 5.22 kWh/m2 /day and records an annual average wind speed of 4.3 m/s. The optimized system is found to be a PV-Wind-Diesel Generator-Battery system which has a renewable fraction of 0.93, an initial capital of $1,771,640 and a Total Net Present Cost (NPC) of $2,368,156 at a fuel price of $1.13/Liter. The levelized Cost of Energy (COE) is $0.406/kWh. This value is higher than the current domestic tariff of the grid electricity provider, which is $0.210/kWh. However, for a community with no access to grid electricity, this is a suitable solution. The system is built to provide an adequate and reliable electricity supply to the community for a 25-year period. It also provides an emission reduction of 91.6% compared to a conventional generator-only system. It produces an excess electricity of 323,323 kWh/h. The unmet electric load and capacity shortage are 12.4 kWh/yr and 133 kWh/yr respectively which are both approximately 0% of the total energy produced.
Challenges in talent acquisition in a diversified conglomerate on Meghna Group of Industries (MGI), Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-06) Safalya, Faiyaz Halim; Andaleev, Tarnima
This internship report outlines the challenges of talent recruitment of the Meghna Group of Industries (MGI), one of the most diversified and renowned conglomerates of Bangladesh. As a prerequisite to achieve a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from BRAC University, the report draws first-hand information from the HR Talent Acquisition Department of MGI. While going through the three-month internship, the intern helped with key recruitment tasks such as CV screening, arranging interviews, and post-interview reporting. Due to the practical exposure, some of the operational and strategic issues MGI faces in recruiting appropriate candidates through sourcing from its diverse business segments such as FMCG, cement, textiles, and logistics came into the spotlight. A mixed-method study using surveys and employee interviews in MGI revealed tremendous problems: insufficient industry-specialized qualified candidates, ineffective centralized recruitment practices, and an inconsistency of employer branding and organizational culture within departments. While MGI brand reputation is attractive to candidates, retention and concordance with departmental requirements remain a problem. The report recommends that MGI adopt a hybrid recruitment model combining centralized strategy and sector-level customization, boost employer branding across the board, revise organizational culture, and benchmark talent practices against leading industry companies in order to compete.
Automatic Ceramic Tiles Defect Recognition
(Daffodil International University, 2019-12) Islam, Sharmi
The global market for ceramic tiles industry is highly competitive nowadays. Quality control in production process in ceramic tiles industry has been a key factor for retaining existence in such competitive market. Machine vision based ceramic tiles inspection systems are very useful in this respect, because manual inspection is time consuming and not accurate enough. Hence,machine vision based ceramic tiles inspection systems have been drawing plenty of attention of the researches of different countries in order to replace manual inspection. Two difficult problems are mainly posed by machine vision based ceramic tiles inspection systems. They are defect detection and defect detection classification. Even though there has been plenty of research addressing the defect detection problem, the research aiming at solving the classification problem is scarce. Moreover, scene analysis and feature selection play a very important role in defect detection process. If scene analysis is not properly done, a weak and inappropriate set of features will be selected. Selection of an inappropriate feature set makes the subsequent steps complicated and the classification task becomes harder. In this thesis, a possible appropriate set of features are confined to the spatial domain. We justify the features from viewpoint of discriminatory quality and defect difficulty. The features are extracted using a statistical defect extraction process. We perform defect detection on the applicability of convolutional neural network models by CV2 in the context of tiles defect. We observe the effect of tuning different network parameters and try to explain the reasons. We empirically find four types of defected tiles, including multi label defected tiles with OpenCV using mask image .Finally, we use accuracy metrics to evaluate the models and find out the accuracy of defected tiles detection.
A Review of the Current Status of the Vaccine for the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV)
(Daffodil International University, 22-11-08) Shahariyar, Md. Fahim
There are two different types of lentiviruses that cause human immunodeficiency, both of which may infect humans. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a condition in which the immune system progressively fails, enabling malignancies and life-threatening opportunistic infections to develop. It is caused by a combination of factors, including HIV infection, autoimmune illness, and a weakened immune system. The present status of the HIV vaccine is my primary motivation for doing this research. The investigation starts with a study of the relevant literature. For the purpose of this research, around thirty publications are analyzed. Finding relevant literature for this investigation was intended to be done via the use of Google Scholar, PubMed, and a variety of other websites. All of the information gathered is from the years 2000 to 2022. During the years 2000–2003, protein was used as the delivery vehicle for the CladeB/B-Env immunogen. Subsequently, during the years 2005–2007, CladeB-Gag/Pol immunogen was evaluated; however, the results did not demonstrate any effectiveness. In the combination immunogen CladeB-Gag/Pol CladeB/B-Env trial that took place between 2003 and 2009, the vaccination efficacy after 42 months was determined to be 31.2%.
Shipment Management System
(Daffodil International University, 2025-09-19) Palah, Md Jahid Hasan
A Shipment Management System (SMS) is a software solution that helps businesses manage the process of shipping goods efficiently. It integrates with carriers, tracks shipments in real-time, and automates order processing, documentation, and delivery notifications. Key features include order and inventory management, route optimization, shipment tracking, and analytics. The system improves efficiency, reduces costs, enhances customer experience, and ensures compliance with regulations. It integrates with e-commerce platforms and third-party carriers to streamline logistics operations.
Parents’ perception and practice of early stimulation for 0-3 years old children in urban areas
(BRAC University, 2023-04) Naheed, Showmmi; Nahreen, Riffat Jahan
Research on early stimulation in Bangladesh is mostly concentrated on poorly resourced environments and from lower socio-economic background in rural areas. This study aimed to explore parents’ perceptions and practices of 0-3 years old children regarding early stimulation related skills in urban areas of Bangladesh. Data in this study was collected through in-depth interviews with ten parents and focused group discussion with six parents and conducted in hybrid modality- both face-to-face (IDI) and online (FGD). The questionnaire was pretested and translated prior to the actual study. This study aimed to explore, parental perceptions towards early stimulation and its practices with children. Qualitative approach and purposive sample technique were employed in the study. Study reveals that, the parents who have prior knowledge and are working in Early Childhood Development (ECD) field are very much aware and practicing stimulating activities in their daily life. But the parents from non-ECD backgrounds having comparatively unclear perception of early stimulation. The practicing level is quite low as well. The ECD professionals are very conscious and doing different stimulating activities like singing, reciting rhymes, telling stories and playing while whey get time. But the Non-ECD persons, they also do stimulating activities sometimes but are not much aware about its importance and have an addled concept about early stimulation. The benefits of early stimulation associated with other domains (cognitive, psychosocial and language) are mostly overlooked in non-ECD background parents’ responses. Additionally, study reveals that both type of parents is aware of developing socio-emotional skills of their children. The study highlighted that some parents have the understanding that their roles and contribution are important factors for shaping their child's life but some have inadequate understanding and knowledge gap regarding the significance of their involvement through stimulating activities. From the research, it is recommendable that early stimulation, an important and unavoidable factor of a child life need to be spread in mass level.
Consumer perception about Western Brands in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 9/20/2014) Ahmed, Sabbir; Ahmed, Tanvi
Over the years, brand promotional strategies and advertising techniques have changed radically; mostly to cope with the changes in how consumers view and perceive things and to stand out in the clutter of today’s advertising efforts. Marketers and creative agencies are increasingly moving away from the generic advertising methods which mostly included TV and Radio commercials, activations and in case of Bangladesh, a whole lot of billboards. While marketers are realizing the importance of differentiating not only in terms of their product USPs, but also in how they present and promote it to the consumers, it is actually the creative agencies that truly believe in the continual change of the advertising era. However, in a country like Bangladesh, change comes at a glacial pace. Advertising really hasn’t completely moved away or even “far away” from its conventional methods for that matter in our country. Creativity is nurtured and encouraged but very few clients can completely trust their agencies do come up with something ground breaking in their campaigns. Billboards, print ads and TVCs are still used significantly for a campaign whether or not they are required, and this happens mostly in cases where the client is head strong about its decision and doesn’t want to risk not adhering to the traditional mediums of marketing. In a country like Bangladesh, exceptionally innovative ideas in marketing campaigns, especially guerilla advertising that is widely popular abroad, can be rarely implemented because clients feel out of zone and unsure about using them. But this client-agency gap doesn’t stop agencies from trying to come up with newer and more innovative marketing ways and pitching them to the client. Ogilvy Bangladesh has been successful in getting its long term customers to trust in them to provide the best marketing and advertising solutions and stepping outside the box when it came to creative advertising. So I do have a good knowledge about how consumer responses & their tastes about the western brands in Bangladesh. This is a report regarding consumer’s perception of western brands, it will give you a clear view about how consumers build their perceptions on any particular brand or product, how it is affected and the impact of their perception in their purchasing behavior. To prepare this report both primary and secondary sources of data have been used in different aspects. A questionnaire has been made following a particular method which is called projective method and interviewed random general customers to know about their perception. The introductory part is actually developed for the proper implementation of the entire report. The remaining part of the paper actually consist the findings and analysis, managerial contribution and conclusion.
Long-term complication of measles in rural Bangladesh
(1983-04) Shahid, Nigar S.; Clauquin, Pierre; Shaikh, Kashem; Zimicki, Susan
A Novel Approach for Secure Hybrid Islanding Detection Considering the Dynamic Behavior of Power and Load in Electrical Distribution Networks
(MDPI, 2022-10-08) Jhuma, Umme Kulsum; Ahmad, Shameem; Ahmed, Tofael
In the arena of modern electrical power distribution systems, distributed generators (DGs) are emerging as a manifestation of electric power personalization. Even though DGs have various advantages, unintentional islanding phenomena caused by DGs during abnormal grid operations can damage equipment connected to the grid. Therefore, islanding detection mechanisms are essential for DGs in grid-connected mode to disconnect the DG from the grid in case of grid abnormalities by obeying to specific grid codes. In this regard, a novel approach to develop a secure hybrid islanding detection method (IDM) is presented in this paper. The proposed hybrid IDM is developed by combining two passive IDMs known as rate of change of active power and rate of change of reactive power with an active IDM called load connecting strategy. An 11 kV Malaysian distribution system integrated with three types of DGs, namely synchronous generator, photovoltaic, and biomass, has been chosen as a testbed for the verification of the proposed hybrid IDM. Seven different case studies have been conducted in the PSCAD/EMTDC platform to validate the performance of the proposed IDM for islanding and non-islanding events. The simulation results confirm that the proposed IDM can detect islanding within 0.09 s, which is within 2 s complying with IEEE and IEC standards. Further, a comparative study based on the detection time and non-detection zone has been carried out, which has confirmed that the proposed IDM demonstrates better performance compared to the previously developed hybrid IDMs.