Dept. of Marine Bioresource Science

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TAXONOMIC CONFIRMATION AND SPECIES COMPOSITION OF MUD CRAB Scylla spp. AVAILABLE IN BANGLADESH
(A thesis submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Marine Bioresource Science Department of Marine Bioresource Science Faculty of Fisheries Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong-4225, Bangladesh., 2018-06) Jahan, Ismat
Bangladesh is riverine country located in South Asia along with a coastline about 710 km including 618,780 ha mangrove with tidal flats which are greatly suitable for distribution and good composition for mud crab population. In past many researchers worked on the mud crab for aquaculture purpose in the real field without knowing their proper species recognition including with their composition in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Recently some researchers dealt with taxonomic work on crab for species clarification based on molecular techniques which required highly modern equipped laboratory that is known to be difficult for general people including illiterate fishermen. This research was conducted for measuring species composition of the mud crab (Scylla spp.), in the particular area of Bangladesh. The present study was conducted at Bagerhat, Cox’s Bazar and Chittagong districts of Bangladesh for taxonomic confirmation and species composition of mud crab (Scylla). About 70-100 mud crab specimens were collected from each of those regions. From primary identification, 46%, 59% and 75% crabs were considered as S. olivacea, while 54%, 41%, and 25% crabs were S. serrata at Bagerhat, Cox’s Bazar and Chittagong, respectively. For more clarification, all crabs were observed external morphology including with the description of first and second male gonopods and measured 24 morphological characters for morphologically distinct samples. From the measured characters were calculated into 27 morphometric ratio to recognise each single species. The present study confirmed the existence of two species of mud crabs namely S. olivacea and S. serrata where 59% was S. olivacea and 41% was S. serrata from the collected sample in Bangladesh. The study revealed that S. olivacea is dominant mud crab species among four Scylla spp. after that S. serrata also well distributed in the coastal regions of Bangladesh.
Culture potential of green mussel based on bio-physical variables and food availability in Rezu Khal, Cox’s Bazaar
(A thesis submitted in the partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Marine Bio-resources Science Department of Marine Bio-resources Science Faculty of Fisheries Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chittagong-4225, Bangladesh, 2018-06) Sultana, Afroja
ABSTRACTS Bivalve aquaculture is an important source of affordable animal protein for coastal community. The success and sustainability of this industry is highly influenced by the suitability of the environment in which it is being carried out. The present study was carried out to evaluate whether it would be possible to culture green mussel Perna viridis in Rezu Khal, Cox’s Bazar. In this study, site suitability of Rezu Khal for green mussel farming was evaluated based on the year-round variations of physico-chemical water quality parameters, and quantitative and quantitative abundance of plankton community. Five Stations were selected chronologically from upstream to downstream at specific interval of distance. The water and plankton samples were collected from these five Stations of the Rezu Khal on monthly interval from April 2017 to March 2018. The results showed that most of the physico-chemical water quality parameters (temperature, dissolve oxygen, pH, turbidity and dissolved nutrients such as nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and ammonia) in all Stations were considered as suitable for green mussel culture. The water depth was moderate in Stations 4 and 5, and very low in other Stations for green mussel culture. Salinity fluctuation (2 to 34.5 ppt) was also a major issue in all Stations of Rezu Khal for green mussel culture. In Rezu Khal, a total of 59 genera of phytoplankton and 16 genera of zooplankton were identified, and their abundance was varied from 15.4×103 to 37.5×103 cells/L depending on the seasons and the Stations. The phytoplankton community was mostly dominated by Bacillariophyceae (83% of the total phytoplankton count) with Skeletonema and Coscinodiscus as the dominant genera. After taking all the water quality parameter qualitative and quantitative abundance of plankton, the station 1 and 2 (located on the upstream) less recommended for green mussel culture and station 3, 4 and 5 (located on the downstream) exhibited medium site capability rating point. In conclusion, downstream Stations (3, 4 and 5) of Rezu Khal are capable and moderately suitable for green mussel farming.
i Morphometric Variation of Hilsha Shad (Tenualosa ilisha) from Different Aquatic Population of Bangladesh
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2019-06) Barun Kanti Roy, Barun Kanti
The morphometric character plays an important role in management of Hilsha shad in the aquatic habitat of Bangladesh. Fish samples were collected from 6 regions as Kuakata (Sea), Meghna Estuary (ME), Meghna River (MR), Lower Padma River (LPR), Upper Padma River (UPR), Upper Jamuna River (UJR) of Bangladesh. Landmark-based morphometric characters were examined to evaluate the population status and variation among these six regions. The observed characters suggest that there are morphologic differences among the Hilsha fish due to their geographical distribution, availability of food, difference in various water quality parameters, and also for their variation in habitats. The discriminant functions analysis (DFA) showed an overlapped in all the stocks of T. ilisha. Discriminant functions 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 accounted for 47.3%, 24.6%, 12.7%, 9.1% and 6.3% of the variation which indicates variation among the stocks. The principal component 1 to 5 accounted for 27.16%, 20.08%, 13.17%, 8.136% and 6.616% of variation. Wilk’s Lambda test also indicates highly significant characteristics among stock. The discriminant function analysis showed that 93.05% original grouped populations correctly classify their populations whereas in the cross-validation test exhibited 86.23% correctly classify their populations. Discriminant function scores of sample centroids; MR was isolated in truss distance and combination of all morphometric characters. The Biplot analysis showed that the maximum diversified populations were UPR, Sea and MR and much variation has seen in HL and D3-9 for morphometric and truss distances. For the first and second principal component maximum contribution in variance were in D2-9, D3-9 and HL. Dendogram analysis also displayed that the individual Hilsha population of ME was the greater homogeneity with LPR and UJR and UPR and MR showed the higher heterogeneity. In future this research finding will be help policy makers to initiate future policy and researchers for the management and conservation of Hilsha population. Nevertheless this research requires further effort in particular, the integration of molecular methods which may help to realize on the taxonomy of Hilsha.
Potential for green mussel (Perna viridis) Culture in the Naf River of Bangladesh
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2019-06) Md. Abdullah Al Mahmud
Green mussel (Perna viridis) is an important source of affordable animal protein for coastal communities. The suitability of the environment influence the success and sustainability of this green mussel culture technic. The study was carried out to evaluate the possible aspect to culture Perna viridis in Naf River, Teknaf, Cox’s Bazar. In this study, site suitability of Naf River for green mussel farming was evaluate based on the month wise variations of physico-chemical water quality parameters, and as well as the quantitative and qualitative abundance of plankton community from March 2018 to September 2018. Five stations were selected chronologically from downstream to upstream maintaining specific interval. The result showed that most of the water quality parameters were considered as suitable for green mussel culture. Salinity was fluctuated from 8 to 30 ppt during this period which was the major issue for green mussel culture. In Naf River, a total number of 29 genera of phytoplankton and 11 genera of zooplankton were identified, and their abundance varied from 12.27×103 to 126.67×103 cells/L depending on the months and stations. The class Bacillariophyceae dominated among the phytoplankton community with 62.05% of the total plankton count. After analyzing all the water quality parameter, qualitative and quantitative abundance of plankton, the selected stations exhibited site suitability for green mussel culture. In conclusion, the stations of Naf River are capable and moderately suitable for green mussel culture. This research will help to take initiative on proper management strategy to evaluate the aspect of P. viridis culture and guide the future research as baseline studies in this aspect.
Seasonal Variation in the Proximate Composition of Edible Oyster (Crassostrea sp.) along the Coastal Region of Bangladesh
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2019-06) Chowdhury, Pretom
Oysters are highly esteemed sea food and considered as a delicacy throughout the world. Yet this resource is not optimally utilized in several parts of the world. Quality aspects of oysters (Crassostrea madrasensis) in the Moheshkhali Channel, Cox’s Bazar were examined in different seasons over a 12 month period spanning March 2018 to February 2019. The aim of this study is to highlight its nutritional importance using biochemical composition analysis and nutritional attributes of oyster meat. Proximate composition, fatty acid and amino acid profiles were determined by following AOAC 1984 & 2000 methodology for biochemical analysis. Oyster meat was rich in macro-minerals and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were highest in lipids among whereas, Ecosa-pentaenoic acid, Docosa-hexaenoic acid and Linoleic acid were the prominent fatty acids. The omega-3 is the dominant fatty acid among the different type of fatty acids content in this species. Total amino acid content was 99.33 g/100 g crude protein, of which, essential amino acid lysine was the most abundant. Nutritional quality parameters of oysters were determined at different seasons of the year. Seasonal variations were also observed in the nutrient content, with particular regard to protein 45.27% to 66.92%; Moisture 69.85% to 76.96%, Lipid 6.06% to 9.38% ash 9.32% to 12.61% in oysters. These variations were done due to heavy rainfall, hydrological factor and surface runoff water into the channel. In spite of eco-physiological variability, the nutritional quality of the oysters was generally good, especially just before gamete release when the concentration of nutrients was at its maximum. A low level of fat was detected in the edible meat of oysters. This study is important to comprehend the seasonal variation of proximate composition & heavy metal content of oyster and will be useful for the development of aquaculture technology of the edible oyster. As Oysters form good protein food, a comprehensive knowledge of their biochemical constituents during different seasons of the year would be valuable for large-scale exploitation from natural resources and to promote culture.
Gametogenic cycle with seasonal variation of Perna viridis in Moheskhali Channel, Bangladesh
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2019-06) Noor, Aysha Rahi
Green mussel (Perna viridis) is one of the most potential mariculture shellfish species not only in context of Bangladesh but also for the world. A thorough study on the reproductive biology of P. viridis and determination of the accurate spat collection time is essential to develop the green mussel culture technology. Therefore, the main purposes of this study was to determine dynamics of the gonadal development accurately through histology, and to find how condition index (CI) is linked with the spawning of the green mussel. Twenty green mussel were collected each month from November 2017 to October 2018 from Moheskhali Channel, Chawfaldandi, Cox’s Bazar. Collected samples were brought to the laboratory to measure body length, body weight, muscle weight, and dry weight. The general reproductive condition of the population were assessed by calculating mean gonadal index (GI). From the histological analysis, the sex ratio of male and female was found tas 1:0.93 and no evidence of hermaphroditism in P. viridis were documented. There was a significant relationship between length and weight where R² value was found to be 0.92, indicating a positive correlation between this parameters. The male CI value was relatively higher than female. The highest value of female and male GI were observed to be 2.1 and 2.4 in the month of January and February, respectively, and a minor increase was observed in the month of June. GSI (gonadosomatic index) value was found to be generally higher in male than female. The study confirmed that the spawning of green mussel occurred twice in a year with major spawning season from November to March and a very minor spawning during the month of June to July. However the study will be helpful for naturally occurring green mussel stock management and to develop future aquaculture aspect in Moheskhali Channel.
TOXIC HEAVY METAL ACCUMULATION AMONG DIFFERENT ORGANS OF CULTURED ROHU AND CATLA ALONG WITH EVALUATION OF ENZYMATIC ACTIVITES IN EXAMINED ORGANS
(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2019-12) Fatema, Tania Sharmin
The present study was carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals and to evaluate whether there are any serious toxic effects of the widely exposed heavy metals namely arsenic (As), lead (Pb) and chromium (Cr) in different tissues of two commercially important cultured fish rohu and catla. The obtained results stated the highest concentrations of all heavy metals (except arsenic) were recorded in rohu fish with not significantly differ with the other investigated fish species catla. Organ wise heavy metal concentrations in rohu fish showed that Pb concentrations were higher in all organs such as gill (0.021 ppm), liver (0.021 ppm), kidney (0.028 ppm), muscle (0.008 ppm) compares other two heavy metals. As was highly exposed in kidney, Cr exposed highly in muscle. In rohu fish all organs contained lower amount of Cr except muscle than other three. In catla fish, similar conditions were appeared where Pb concentration was the highest and Cr concentration was lowest. Among all the three heavy metals, the accumulation trend of As was found highest in gills of catla but Pb and Cr accumulated in high concentration in kidney of catla. Though the study suggest that estimated concentrations of all heavy metals were lower than the recommended range except in catla where its mean accumulation was 0.013 ppm which was higher than recommended value of 0.01 ppm. Enzymatic activities like ATPase and ALP were recorded highest in kidney tissue and the lowest in muscle in case of both fish species. Heavy metals concentrations in both fish species reflected that the fish obtained from the source were safe for human consumption. However, safety issues must be followed to avoid more exposure to pollutant.
Benthic Community Variability at Himchori Beach Point, Cox’s Bazar: In Relations with Sediment Characteristics
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2020-06) Shafikul Alam, Md.
This study was undertaken to know the benthic community of Himchori Beach Point in relations with any differences between a newly deposited muddy beach and adjacent sandy beaches. 15 samples representing muddy and sandy beaches were collected and analyzed following standard methods. A total of 20 macro benthos and 18 micro benthos species were identified. In case of macro benthos, the most dominant species was Mesogastropoda comprising 39.29% in muddy beaches, while Ponderous ark (34.90%) and Pila globosa (35.71%) was dominant species in two sandy beaches. In case of micro benthos, Nephtys (27.27%), Bivalves and Urothoe sp. (40%) and Unionidae (92.30%) was dominant species in muddy and sandy beaches respectively. Both macro and micro benthos distribution showed differences between the newly deposited muddy beach and the sandy beaches in north and south. 10 species of macro benthos out of 20 were found only in the muddy beach and 2 species only in sandy beaches. 13 species of micro benthos out of 18 species were restricted to the newly deposited muddy beach. Contrary to this only one species `Unionidae' was common in sandy beaches. From the differences observed in this study, it can be concluding that the newly deposited beach which visually seems muddy is different from the existing sandy beaches of north and south part of Himchori Beach Point.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF GREEN MUSSEL (Perna viridis) CULTIVATED ON RAFT AND LONGLINE IN THE COAST OF BAY OF BENGAL
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Ahmed, Sabbir
Green mussel (Perna viridis) is one of the most potential mariculture shellfish species not only in context of Bangladesh but also for the world. Developing of P. viridis culture techniques can be a great source of livelihood for many people. A thorough study on the feasible green mussel culture method in the context of Bangladesh is essential for farmers and investors to adapt this new and non-conventional species for commercial aquaculture farming. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to compare the growth performance of the green mussel cultivated on raft and longline in the coast of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh and investigate the relation of growth with the eco-physiological factors of P. viridis. Raft and long-lines were stationed in the coast of Bay of Bengal near Nuniar Chora, Cox’s Bazar for green mussel culture. Water sampling was done twice a month basis for a period of 13 months from November 2019 to November 2020 and P. viridis were sampled from February 2020 to November 2020 after naturally spat settlement. Collected green mussel samples were brought to the laboratory to measure live weight and shell length for analyzing the growth performance. From the study, the maximum live weight and maximum shell length of P. viridis was found 54.56 g and 12.20 cm, respectively which was cultivated in the raft. There was no significant variation in growth of P. viridis cultivated on longline and raft. The growth increment of P. viridis was higher in August than the other months in both raft and longline culture methods. All the water quality parameters of the two culture sites were suitable for green mussel culture and had influence on the growth of green mussel. However, the study will be helpful for local communities to develop green mussel culture near the coast adjacent to their homestead in Nuniar chora, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh.
STUDY ON FEEDING BIOLOGY OF HILSHA (TENUALOSA ILISHA) IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF CHATTOGRAM
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Hossain Anchol, Mashhura
Hilsha (Tenualosa ilisha) is the national fish, engages the most important open water single species fishery in Bangladesh. This study was designed to describe about the feeding biology of Hilsha (T. ilisha) in coastal waters of Chattogram. For this research work, fishes were sampled from February, 2019 to January, 2020 and collected from 3 stations in coastal waters of Chattogram, Bangladesh and laboratory analysis conducted from Marine Bioresource Science Lab, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chattogram. To analyze gut content, seasonal variation of food and feeding habits and length and weight relationship with their food and feeding habits were analyzed in the study. To determine the whole condition, various methods such as numerical method, frequency of occurrence method, index of fullness method, point’s method and statistical analysis (Correlation and Regression Analysis) were performed to complete the study. According to point’s method, higher amount of plankton found in stomach content in winter than other season of the year. By correlation and regression analysis, (401-500) g and (301-400) g had consumed highest amount of plankton. In index of stomach fullness method, 3/4 full found in 3 different sizes (21-30cm, 31-40cm, 41-50cm) of Hilsha (T. ilisha) fed phytoplankton much more than zooplankton. There was no empty stomach found throughout the study. 93% phytoplankton and 7% zooplankton were found in gut analysis where Bacillariophyceae (57%), Chlorophyceae (29%), Dinophyceae (4%), Cyanophyceae (2%), Pyrrophyceae (2%) and Copepoda (2%), Cladocera (1%), and Rotifera (4%) were found in the gut. From the analysis, it was found that T. ilisha was preferred phytoplankton to zooplankton. It also was observed that, Bacillariophyceae and Chlorophyceae was the most preferable food item to Hilsha shad (T. ilisha). This study describes biology of Hilsha, existing Hilsha conversation and management strategy and its influence on Hilsha.
SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE ALLOCATION AND GOVERNANCE IN RELATION TO MARINE PROTECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Al Fahad, Abdulla
To meet the challenges of supplying food products, for the increasing demands of the growing population, the natural resources and biodiversity management need to focus on how and where the protein source can be exploited from. The wild fishery and aquaculture production are enhanced rationally to fulfill the increasing demand of protein and these are becoming the fastest growing food production system throughout the world. Concurrently, sustainable uses of those exploited resources should be assured for the perpetual supply of this important protein source. Convention on Biological Diversity suggested to conserve at least 10% of the total marine area by 2020 to protect the biodiversity and mitigate the ecological damage. Based on this, aquaculture reflects a positive and alternative way to be executed within the Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) to mobilize the coastal community for food production, upgrading socioeconomic condition and most importantly to minimize the extraction of excess natural resources. This study was designed to find out the possible best spatial setup for the sustainable aquaculture within the MPAs in Bangladesh. International Union for Conservation of Nature management classification for protected area was used to determine the suitability of aquaculture within the MPAs without conflicting the other management goals. This study proposes some new MPAs based on the critical environmental status along with current MPAs for Bangladesh. Different aquaculture practices are also suggested within these MPAs as a means of maritime spatial planning. Results are expressed in GIS based processed graphical canvas which found potential synergies between aquaculture and MPAs. Implementation of the result will be one of an important key tool for the growth of the blue economy of Bangladesh.
THE SEASONAL CYCLE OF THE PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF CHATTOGRAM
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Dey, Sanjoy
The present investigation studied the seasonal variation of different physico-chemical parameters and phytoplankton composition from the northern BoB. Water samples were collected during monsoon and winter from the coastal waters of Chattogram (Bashbaria and Patenga). Surface water temperatures (ºC) varied from 25.4 to 32.2 whereas salinity values (psu) varied from 3.7 to 21.3 and the pH ranged between 6.7 and 7.6. Total dissolved solids (g/L) and total suspended solids (g/L) content varied from 2.82 to 22.3 and 0.55 to 0.94 respectively. The electro-conductivity (mS/cm) of all samples of surface water ranged between 5.6 and 44.7. The ranges of inorganic nutrients (μg/L) viz., nitrite, phosphate, silicate and ammonia were as 0.34-2.13; 0.55-0.93; 87.75-422.64 and 212-284.7 respectively. The ranges of alkalinity (ppm) and Chlorophyll-a concentration (μg/L) were 89.5-130 and 0.27-0.71 in turn. Significant seasonal variations found between two seasons (p<0.05) except for total suspended solids. During the study period total 7 genera of dominant phytoplakton under 3 classes were identified of which 4 genera under Bacillariophyta, 1 genera under Dinophyceae, and 2 genera under Coscinodiscophyceae. Identified dominant genera were Thalassiothrix, Chaetocerus, Skeletonema, Cyclotella, Cerataulina, Coscinodiscus and Ditylum. The maximum abundance of phytoplankton were 9.6 × 102 cells /L at station 1 (Bashbaria coast) and 13.4 × 102 cells/L at station 2 (Potenga coast) during monsoon. Among the phytoplankton samples, Bacillariophyceae was the most dominant class. The percentage of Bacillariophyta to the total phytoplankton community in two seasons varied between 45% and 47% in station 1 and 49.43% and 36.51% in station 2. Among the identified factors chlorophyll-a, water temperature, nitrite, and ammonia had a positive influence on phytoplankton abundance. Therefore, the findings of this study would be helpful for policymakers in improving management practices for maintaining water quality and conserving the phytoplankton population.
STUDY ON THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF AVAILABLE GOBIIDAE FAMILY FISHES IN CHATTOGRAM COAST
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Chakraborty, Purna
One of the most famous fish’s families for consumption in Chattogram coast is Gobiidae family but no such work was done on this specific family in this coast before. So, variations among different species under the Gobiidae family was investigated using morphometric and meristic characters. A detailed one year (February 2019 to January 2020) long survey considering 2 months of ban periods (June-July 2019) was done for checking out the available Gobiidae in the Chattogram coast, including three stations. Two stations in Chattogram metropolitan area (Patenga and Kattoli) and one in Cox's Bazar. Morphometric data collected from the survey went through the statistical analysis of correlation and simple regression (intra-species) and independent sample T-test and dendrogram (inter-species). In total, eight species and a genus under the Gobiidae family could be able to find out. After every sampling, initially samples were sorted into different group on the basis of visual examination, then the morphological process confirmed species of different sorted group. From every sample, nine morphological data (length) and six meristic counts were collected for statistical analysis and for generating a fin formula for each species. A detailed morphological study to differentiate among closely related species was the study's basis. The frequency of availability of Psedapocryptes elongates was the most among the species both in stations and months. Some species such as Apocryptes bato, Odontamblyopus rubicundus, and Acentrogobius sp. were found less frequently. Odontamblyopus rubicundus and Taenioides buchanani showed the most significant mean difference with Psedapocryptes elongates in the T-test. Within species, all species were more than 90% correlated. Gobiidae family might influence the environment, the economy because of being the diverse fish family, and this study was an initial step towards this process. Further scientific experiment on Gobiidae family can use this study as baseline experiment.
Biodiversity of Indigenous Ornamental Fishes of Saint Martin’s Island of Bangladesh.
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Maksudur Rahman, Md.
Saint Martin’s Island is a unique island in the northern part of the Bay of Bengal. The island is rich in fish biodiversity. There are some ornamental fishes can be found in the island. The demand of ornamental fishes is growing up day by day. The study was done on the assessment of the indigenous ornamental fishes of the island from January 2019 to January 2020. The criterion for the selection of the study area was identifying suitable geographical area for wider variety of ornamental fish biodiversity according to fishermen. Different PRA tools like focus group discussion, personal interview was used during data collection. Shannon Biodiversity index was used for data analysis. Different statistical tools such as Pie chart and Table was used to represent the findings. There are 69 species was recorded under 30 family. The species of Chaetodontida (17%), Terapontidae (10%), Serranidae (7%), Lutjanidae (6%), Pomacentridae (11%), Pomacanthidae (4%), Mullidae (4%), Labridae (8%), Tripterygiidae (4%), Ephippididae (3%), Acanthuridae (3%), and Gobiidae (3%) are abundant family. The Shannon index was found 3.89308. Which indicates the biodiversity of the indigenous ornamental fishes of the island is very good. The study found Shannon’s Equitability (EH) = 0.92. It indicates that this sample has pretty high equitability.
MARKETING CHANNEL AND VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS OF BOMBAY DUCK (Harpadon nehereus) AND SEA BASS (Lates calcarifer) IN CHATTOGRAM AREA OF BANGLADESH
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Mohammed Abdulah, Siam
Fishes are a highly perishable food commodity that requires rapid and smooth supply to the consumers. For the commercially important fishes, it is necessary to make the fishes to be supplied, ensuring good quality, to the consumers at the right time and right place. To achieve these conditions, a well-structured marketing system is required for each fish species. The present study was conducted to investigate the marketing channel and value chain of two commercially important marine fish species in the Chattogram area, Bangladesh. The studied species were Bombay duck, Harpodon nehereus and Sea bass, Lates calcarifer. A total of three types of markets were investigated in the present study which were primary, secondary, and retail markets. For this investigation, a total number of 120 people, fishermen and intermediaries, were interviewed. In the case of Bombay duck, 4 intermediaries were found to be involved in the marketing chain whereas, for Sea bass, 5 intermediaries were found. It is believed that this intermediary group makes a huge profit which makes the prices of fishes to become very high in the final consumer market. The marketing margin for Bombay duck and Sea bass were 38% and 35%, respectively. Fishermen share in consumer purchase price were 86%, 73% and 62% in case of Bombay duck, and 87%, 75% and 65% in the case of Sea bass in primary, secondary and retail market, respectively. Poor transport facilities and a huge number of intermediaries in the marketing channels were the main problems of the marine fish marketing channel. Government intervention in the marketing channel of those marine species is necessary for sustainable and economic fish marketing systems.
LAND-SEA INTERACTIONS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF MARITIME SPATIAL PLANNING: COX’S BAZAR COAST, BANGLADESH
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Nazmul Hasan Forhad, Md.
An effective maritime spatial planning cannot be achieved and prepared without proper examining the uses and activities between the land and sea. Land-Sea Interaction (LSI) through marine spatial planning framework provides clear concept about inter management conflicts among the present uses and activities and most possible recommendation for minimizing conflicts which helps to make a balance between the ecological and economical status. This research was carried out in three major islands of southeastern Bangladesh coast of named Kutubdia, Moheskhali, and Saint Martin in Cox’s Bazar district during 2019-2020. This study is very essential for significant to determine the elevation level of these regions and take necessary steps in future to protect and development those regions and explore the blue economy in Bangladesh.Using the Suttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) satellite data with a 30 m resolution Digital Elevation Model (DEM) processing procedure was performed for understanding the contour profile to make a decision about the elevation height of these regions with the help of software QGIS 3.6.1, ArcMap 10.5 and ArcView 10.6. There were about 225 interaction issues found between the coastal land uses and maritime spatial uses through matrix analysis whereas land-sea interactions were characterized of which 79 without conflicts,61 weak conflicts, 60 strong conflicts interaction were found. The maximum elevation was 14 m, 75 m, and 28 m which covered approximately 0.36, 0.2, and 0.004 area of Saint Martin, Moheshkhali, and Kutubdia, respectively. To enhance sustainable uses and activities, conflict should be reduced through pollution minimizing, well maritime spatial planning, and maintenance of existing laws and regulations.
THE SEASONAL CYCLE OF THE PHYTOPLANKTON IN THE COASTAL WATERS OF COX’S BAZAR
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Chakma, Ripon
The study was conducted to investigate the seasonal distribution of phytoplankton in Teknaf, Cox' s bazar located at latitude 20°50′48′′ N and longitude 92°16′24′′ E. Water samples were collected from Teknaf during monsoon and winter seasons. The water samples were taken in sample bottle, later brought in laboratory for further analysis. Water temperature, pH and salinity were measured at the site. Alkalinity, EC, Chl-a, TDS, TSS, NH4, NO2-N, PO4-P and SiO3-Si were measured in laboratory. There were variations found among these physico-chemical parameters between monsoon and winter period. The result of water temperature, Chl-a, NH4, NO2-N and SiO3-Si were higher in monsoon period than winter period. But the result of salinity, alkalinity, pH, EC, TDS, TSS, PO4-P were found lower in monsoon period (August) than winter period (January). The variations could be occurred by rainfall or rain runoff flowing into it total phytoplankton abundance was 1620 cells/L in monsoon (August) and 912 cells/L in winter (January). Overall, 25 genera under 5 classes were observed during monsoon period and 18 genera under 3 classes were found during winter period. The most dominant group of phytoplankton was Bacillariophyceae in both season. In total 5 classes (Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae, Cyanophyceae, Dinophyceae and Pyrrophyceae) of phytoplankton were found in monsoon, whereas in winter, 3 classes (Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Pyrrophyceae) were recorded. Small phytoplankton taxa like Aserionella, Coscinodisus, Thalassiothrix, Chlorella, Oscillatoria, Ulotthrix, Protoperidinium, Ceratium were found dominant in Teknaf during both seasons. The seasonal variation in phytoplankton controlled by the wide range of physico-chemical parameters. Maximum species of phytoplankton were found in monsoon period due to freshwater influx and local geomorphology. These result suggested that monsoon is the favorable period for phytoplankton abundance in this coastal region. The findings also help to know the ecological status of the area in different seasons.
MORPHOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE IDENTIFICATION OF Eleutheronema tetradactylum IN CHATTOGRAM COAST, BANGLADESH
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Kumar Paul, Dipta
Morphological characters are generally significant in the identification and scientific categorization of fishes. Unique morphological characters enable better identifications, ensure enhanced perpetuations of resources and management strategies. The morphometric and meristic variations in Fourfinger threadfin (Eleutheronema tetradactylum) was investigated to assess possible differences between separate unit stocks and monthly variation within the species throughout ten months from three different regions (Patenga, Kattoli and Cox's Bazar) of Chattogram coast, Bangladesh. Nine morphometric and six meristic characters were examined. Correlation showed a statistically significant linear relationship among morphometric characters. Regression explained, 51.1% to 98.2% variation in different morphometric characters with total length predicted by the linear relationship. Dendrogram from cluster analysis revealed that, the monthly morphometric measurements had changed significantly. Univariate ANOVA as well as Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) pretended significant differences in only one (pre-pelvic length) morphometric measurements among the three stocks where all data were adjusted. For morphometric measurements, the first Discriminant Functions (DF) resolved 85.0% and the second DF accounted for 15.0% group variability and together they explained 100% of the total among group variability. The canonical discriminant functions in DFA marked that E. tetradactylum populations were similar from the fish samples of three different stations. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) asserted that the first three principal components (PC1, PC2 and PC3) had eigenvalues greater than 1 and explained 83.17% of the variation in the data where the first (PC1) principal components (nine morphometric measurements) accounted for 62.17%. The current study suggested that the utilization of morphometric characters to create dependable data for stock separation of E, tetradactylum. The discoveries of the study would fill in as primary information of stock management and enable efficient management strategies for the particular supplies of threadfin populaces to make its fishery sustainable and create suitable protection plans in the not-so-distant future.
DETERMINATION OF PHYTOPLANKTON SINKING RATE IN NORTHERN BAY OF BENGAL: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SEASONAL CARBON ABSORPTION
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Acharjee, Mishu
Seasonal carbon flux via “Biological pump” associated with phytoplankton sinking rate were measured conducting this research during monsoon((August 2019) and winter (January 2019).It was done in the Northern east part of Bay of Bengal included three stations (Teknaf,Patenga and Bashbaria). Sinking rate was determined by homogeneous sample method SETCOL. Phytoplankton community was dominant by Bacillariophyceae, Dinophyceae and Chlorophyceae and ten dominant species. The average value found in Bashbaria was 2.62 ± 0.28 m/d (monsoon) and 1.89 ± 0.48 m/d (winter), in Patenga was 2.30 ± 0.15 m/d (monsoon) and 2.56 ± 0.57 m/d (winter), in Teknaf was 2.40 ± 0.06 m/d (monsoon) and 2.33 ± 0.09 m/d (winter).No significant correlation were found between phytoplankton sinking rate and most of the environmental parameters. During this study average total c arbon flux was varied from 5.69 ± 0.61 to 3.99 ± 1.02 mg C/m-2d-1 in Bashbaria, 9.07 ± 0.61 to 8.24 ± 1.84 mg C/m-2d-1 in patenga and 19.20 ± 2.66 to 14.69 ± 1.37 mg C/m-2d-1 in Teknaf during monsoon and winter chlorophyll-a and Total carbon showed strong correlation with carbon flux. Two way ANOVA results Showed that variations in Carbon flux and phytoplankton sinking rate among 3 stations and 2 seasons and depth were significant (p<0.05) and PCA showed that there was a close correlation among Carbon flux,Chl-a and Total carbon but no correlation with sinking rateThis study provides an understanding the seasonal carbon export in the water column by dominant marine phytoplankton with an association of phytoplankton sinking.Teknaf coast is the prime contributor of daily carbon export from surface to the bottom among three stations and during monsoon this contribution is higher than winter Because of higher phytoplankton abundance than the other two stations.
ENHANCING SCENARIOS OF LAND USE LAND COVER CHANGE OF MOHESHKHALI AND KUTUBDIA ISLAND, BANGLADESH
(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2021-04) Humaira Ahmed Koly, Sayeda
Land Use / Land Cover (LULC) refers specifically to the categorization or designation within a particular time frame of human activities and natural elements on the landscape based on established scientific and statistical methods of analysis of suitable source materials. This study describes the Kutubdia Island and the Moheskhali Island Land use/Land cover analysis and the most likely causes of spatial land changes from 2001 to 2019. Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), Sentinel and Landsat8 OLI imageries were used for land cover change analysis. Using remote sensing, nine distinct land classes with their related physical characteristics were identified and quantitative analysis was summarized in this study in order to find out the changes of each land class over the last 19 years. The most troubling situation occurred in the field of land-class mangrove forest, which decreased about of 21.38 sq. km in Kutubdia and 61.65sq.km in Moheshkhali from 2001 to 2019. At the same time period, the dramatic rise in salt fields was found which are about 27.52sq.km in Kutubdia and 8.88sq.km in Moheshkhali. For proper planning and management of Kutubdia Island and Moheshkhali Island, the outcome of this particular analysis may be useful. Those LULC maps will play a significant and key role in planning, management and monitoring programmers at local, regional and national levels. For the safety of Moheshkhali Island, further mangrove planting is strongly recommended in newly developing tidal flats as it falls into a strong cyclonic zone in the Bay of Bengal.