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A Rapid Approach to Measure Extracted Chlorophyll-a from Lettuce Leaves using Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy
(Springer, 2021-02) Chowdhury, R.I.; Basak, R.; Wahid, K.A.; Nugent, K.; Baulch, H.
Chlorophyll-a is a highly measured metric in water quality and plant health monitoring. Current laboratory-based methods exploit spectroscopic techniques and require expensive instrumentation like spectrophotometer or fluorometer. In this work, a rapid approach has been proposed using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to measure chlorophyll-a that is extracted from lettuce leaves into 95% (v/v) ethanol. Multiple readings of 70 differently concentrated samples were taken, and the corresponding impedances were measured using the proposed EIS system by varying frequency from 1.5 to 7.5 kHz. Pearson coefficient, variance inflation factor (VIF), and backward elimination were used to identify the significant component of the frequency. Finally, a multiple linear regression model with 11 features in the range of 2.3 kHz to 4.7 kHz was chosen based on the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) and mean absolute error (MAE). The results show high index of positive determination of chlorophyll-a with the coefficient of determination being 0.932, RMSE of 1.05 μgL-1, and MAE of 0.904 μgL-1.
EFFECT OF EXTRACTION PARAMETERS ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF PECTIN FROM MANGO (Mangifera indica L.) PEELS
(HAJEE MOHAMMAD DANESH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, DINAJPUR., 2019-06) KUMAR, JIBON; Dr. Md. Abu Sayed
Pectin is a structural heteropolysaccharide, commonly found in the peels of various fruits and vegetables that are used as a gelling agent and stabilizer in food and pharmaceutical industries. The present study was focused on the potential of mango peel as a source of pectin. Therefore, pectin was extracted from mango (mangifera Indica) peels powder using HCl as extractant at five different extraction conditions viz. temperatures (60, 70, 80, 90 and 100°C), pH (1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0) and time (60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 minutes). Pectin yields varied from 14.60% to 28.42% depending on extraction conditions used in this study. The highest yield (28.06%) condition was found at 90°C temperature, 1.5 pH (28.42%) and 120 minutes (28.06%) of extraction time. The quality parameters of pectin in terms of equivalent weight (450.45g to 1324.24g), methoxyl content (5.15 to 7.90%), anhydrouronic acid content (48.93 to 74.62%) and degree of esterification (43.28% to 77.14%) was found to be in satisfactory levels. On the contrary, soluble sugar content (12.43% to 23.49%) was slightly higher compared to the existing data for various pectin sources, because matured and ripen mangoes were used in this extraction procedure. In some conditions e.g. at higher pH (e.g. 3.0), lower time (e.g 60 minutes) and low temperature (e.g 60°C) the anhydrouronic acid (AUA) content was moderately low compared to the standard data of Food Chemicals Codex, 1996. This is an indication of the existence of protein in the extracted pectin. The pectin extracted from mango peel powder also applied in jelly formulation at different concentration i.e 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% to see the quality characteristics of jelly like jelly grade and especially the sensory characteristics. From the sensory evaluation of jelly it was found that the jelly prepared with 1.0% of extracted mango pectin was more excellent and more acceptable than other pectin concentration. The colour, taste, appearance, flavor and overall acceptability was highly acceptable at 1.0% pectin concentration compared to other percentage of pectin used in the formulation of jelly. On the other hand, the result obtained for commercial or standard pectin at 0.5% concentration was moderately good more acceptable than other pectin concentration. Through this study, manufacturer will get valuable information regarding the quality of mango peel pectin. Conclusively, mango peel can be used as new source of pectin for application in different food and pharmaceutical products.
Review of Credit Risk Management of National Commerce & Credit Bank Limited (NCCBL)
(Daffodil International University, 23-06-12) Banik, Toma
All that the banking industry has provided to the global market for financial goods. A suitable concentration on what banks do is necessary to create a robust commercial geographical region. The goal of modern accounting procedures is to create the best possible economic circumstances for a nation's financial infrastructure. The finance sector unmistakably contributes a vital and numerous positions in giving necessary monetary products and services to clients, companies, and lawmakers, encouraging economic growth and development, and facilitating the flow of funds between savers and lenders, even though it might not constitute the only variable contributing to the fulfillment of the banking industry's highest-value targets. Profitable banks are necessary for the banking industry to operate efficiently. As a businessoriented bank, NCCBL has a significant responsibility to guarantee healthy economic activity throughout Bangladesh in the face of competition from other banks. In the modern period and in the modern world, financial transactions are paramount. A healthy and functional economy makes it easier for businesses to run smoothly, while effective fiscal management may control inflation, unemployment, and economic growth. Both of these factors are crucial to a nation's economic progress. Privatization, developments in technology, and industrialization have all had a big impact on the banking sector, increasing competitiveness and posing new difficulties for banks. Surprisingly, Bangladesh's banking sector is struggling to keep up with other nations as they make improvements. In essence, banks accept deposits from clients in exchange for an interest fee and then lend the money to customers at a special interest rate and duration. Additionally, there are several different types of credit scoring facilities available to guarantee the security of depositors' money. Additionally, financial institutions need to keep enough money on hand to fulfill their customers' daily needs.
Employee performance management: policies and practices in Partex Group
(BRAC University, 2021-10) Shammi, Mastura Naz; Amin, M. Nazmul
This paper describes my internship experience at Partex Group, outlining all of the program's learnings, outcomes, and experiences while working in the organization. There includes an overview of Partex's general activities, the company's human resource practices aimed at improving employee performance, and concise information about other departments. The major objective of this study is to ascertain the rules and practices governing employee performance management especially regarding training facilities as well as compensation structure by the organization's human resource department and to recommend the needed change in the circumstances. To begin, an overview of the daily operations of several departments, their activities, and the organization's regulatory and operational framework is provided. Additionally, this section discusses the company's marketing methods and how it maintains a strong market position. Then, in the findings and analysis section, I discussed their training and pay policies in order to ensure effective staff performance. This report covers the company's procedures for maintaining employee accountability and managing overall employee performance.
Prediction of Bearing Capacity of Pile From Static Load Test Using Numerical Analysis
(Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering(CEE), Islamic University of Technology(IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2023-06-30) Munem, Tahmid Al; Shoili, Fabia Omar; Afrin, Nazia
The foundation is a component of building construction that supports and distributes the load of the building on the ground. When the soil strength is insufficient to support the overburden weight of any building, pile foundations are often used. The bearing capacity of foundations is among the most crucial aspects to take into consideration. Every structure must determine the soil's carrying capability for a particular type of foundation. Load settlement behavior is frequently required to determine a pile's bearing capacity. Static load test is often performed to identify pile load settlement behavior because it is the most common kind of pile load test. In this research, an analysis will be conducted on the load settlement behavior of a pile foundation through the utilization of a Finite Element Modeling (FEM) program called PLAXIS 3D. The Hardening Soil model and the Mohr-Coulomb model will be used to predict the load-settlement behavior of the pile foundation using data from in-situ load tests. Relevant laboratory tests and empirical equations will be used to estimate the required soil parameters, such as cohesion, angle of friction, and others. Here, the simulated load-settlement responses of both soil models will be compared to determine the best-suited model. Finally, this research aims at reducing the time required for testing and finding a cost-effective solution. Also, the generated load settlement curve will be further employed to assess the bearing capacity using a variety of techniques, and conclusions will be made accordingly.
ChatGPT and Global Public Health: Applications, Challenges, Ethical Considerations and Mitigation Strategies
(Elsevier, 2023) Parray, Ateeb Ahmad; Inam, Zuhrat Mahfuza; Ramonfaur, Diego; Haider, Shams Shabab; Mistry, Sabuj Kanti; Pandya, Apurva Kumar
The advancement of deep learning and artificial intelligence has resulted in the development of state-of-the-art language models, such as ChatGPT. This technology can analyze large amounts of data, identify patterns, and assist in the analysis and understanding of risk factors for diseases. Despite its potential, the applications, challenges, and ethical considerations have not been yet fully explored in global health research. This paper examines the applications of ChatGPT in global health research, assesses the challenges in its use, and proposes mitigation strategies. Additionally, it describes the ethical considerations around the use of ChatGPT in global health research and suggests potential avenues for addressing these issues. This paper summarizes that it is crucial to understand the capabilities and limitations of this technology in order to fully realize its potential and ensure its responsible integration into global health research.
Competitive Factor Analysis of Global Readymade Garment Business In Bangladesh
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Azad, Md. Rafique
At present Readymade Garment (RMG) is the leading industry and one of the leading exporters in Bangladesh. It needs limited financial investment and relative simple technology compared to other high-tech industries. In this study, the author has identified the competitive factors in the global market of RMG business. For finding the most influential competitive factors, the author has collected primary data and used semi-structured questionnaire for the purpose of interview to the respondents. 120 respondents have been selected with probably proportion to size (PPS) for interview. Factor analysis technique has been used in this study. The complexity of intercorrelations among the responses led to the use analysis techniques to probe the relation ship among the responses. Principal factor analysis seeks to explain the intercorrelations between variables with as small number of common factors as possible and extracts the maximum amount of variance due to each factor at each stage. Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) package has been used for the data analysis of the study. The findings of this study indicated that price; quality and lead-time are the very influential factors in the global RMG business
INVESTIGATION ON SEED HEALTH STATUS OF CUCURBITS FOR STORAGE MANAGEMENT
(Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, 2016) HASIBUR, RAHMAN
An investigation was carried out on the seed health status of selected Cucurbits seed and evaluate the efficacy of some selected chemicals against the seed borne pathogens. The experiments were carried out in the seed health laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University during the period from July 2016 to June 2017. Five selected cucurbit seeds namely Sweet gourd, Bottle gourd, Cucumber, Ridge gourd and Snake gourd were collected from five different locations of Dhaka city viz. Siddik Bazar, Mohammadpur Bazar, Kochukhet Bazar, Savar Bazar and BADC seed store (Gabtoli). Four different chemicals viz. Dithane M-45, Autostin 50 WDG, Tilt 250 EC and Salicylic acid were assayed in the experiment. During the investigation, five fungi were identified as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, Rhizophus sp., Fusarium sp., Chaetomium sp. and two unidentified fungi were also isolated from seed. Dry inspection revealed that the cucurbit seeds collected from Siddik Bazar yielded significantly the highest 400seed wt. (68.19 g), the highest infected seed wt. (22.37g) and the lowest inert matter wt. (0.22 g) while the Ridge gourd showed the highest 400-seed wt. (110.27 g) and the Cucumber yield the lowest infected seed wt. (3.71 g) and the lowest wt. (0.27 g) of inert matter. The interaction of cucurbits seed and sources of collection showed that the highest seed germination was recorded in Sweet gourd seed collected from Siddik Bazar (L1S) while the lowest seed germination was recorded in Ridge gourd seed from Mohammadpur Bazar (L12S). The incidence of seed borne pathogen isolated and identified from the seed varied significantly in respect of collected areas and cucurbit species. As per the efficacy of the chemicals evaluated in the experiment, the highest performance was showed by Tilt 250 EC followed by Autostin 50 WDG against isolated fungi.
Bangla-specific study of English Monophthongs
(BRAC University, 2013) Hasan, S. M. Mohibul
The non-phonetic nature of English spelling leads to unpredictable pronunciation. Thus, Bangla-speaking learners of English mispronounce English monophthongs--short and long vowels as contrasted with diphthongs--since they lack specific knowledge about the contrastive elements of their L2 and L1 monophthongs. In order to help them, this essay discusses the redundant and distinctive features of English and Bangla monophthongs; presents English monophthongs with their Bangla near-equivalents; pairs up English short vowels with their long counterparts in ways helpful to Bangla-speaking learners of English; and lists the non-syllabic (both phonemic and non-phonemic) realizations of English long vowels. Finally, it discusses some implications for learners.
Multicenter pre-evaluation study of the logistic feasibility of using the Step 1 LAMP assay to detect pulmonary tuberculosis in symptomatic adults
(2006) Hossain, Mohammad Bakhtiar; Raqib, Rubhana