Department of Development Studies

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The Impact of Climate Change on Somali Pastoral Communities
(Daffodil International University, 22-12-17) Mohamed, Ahmed Ali; Jama, Mustafe Saeed; Abdillahi, Khadar Abdirahman; Hersi, Abdiaziz Ahmed
This study explores the impact of climate change on Somali pastoral communities, and on how agro-pastoralists perceive climate change and available adaptation strategies was gathered from Somali-pastoral communities in the rural districts of Sool and Sanaag in Somalia, a country in the east of Africa and the horn of Africa that extends from just south of the equator northward to the Gulf of Aden and occupies an important geopolitical position between Sub-Saharan Africa and countries of Arabia and southeastern Asia. The research was carried out in northern Somalia, which is currently the self-proclaimed and unrecognized republic of Somaliland, particularly in the eastern regions of Togdheer. The study employed a qualitative research design to investigate the effects of climate change on Somali pastoral communities, how it affects their ways of life, whether positively or negatively, and the available adaptation measures. The findings reveal that destocking, diversifying livestock feeds, modifying animal breeds, and relocating animals to new locations are all important adaptation techniques for livestock producers. Expanding the herd and introducing new breeds are two options for achieving desired adaptability. One of the most significant barriers to adaptation is a lack of financing or money, followed by a lack of land and inputs. Farmers' adaptation is hampered by a lack of markets, especially for purchasing additional animals or different breeds or species.
Blended Learning Approach in Tertiary Education in Bhutan
(Daffodil International University, 23-07-25) Gyeltshen, Sangay
With the development of technology in education, various methods of teaching have been adopted across the world. Blended learning, combining online and in-person teaching methods, has gained significant attention as an effective educational approach. This study aims to assess the perceptions of students on effectiveness and challenges in tertiary education in Bhutan regarding the implementation of blended learning. The research adopts a student-centric perspective by employing a structured questionnaire with use of seven Likert-scale to gather data. The study was carried out for three colleges in Bhutan; Royal Thimphu College in urban area, College of Natural Resources in semi-urban area, and Sherubtse college in rural area with total of 681 respondents. The results were analyzed with use of descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, mean, and standard deviations and charts, tables, and graphs are used to present the findings. More than 60% of students of all the colleges have shared their perception stating that they have improved their learning outcomes and are satisfied with the practice of blended learning approach in their colleges. The findings will have practical implications for policy-makers, curriculum designers, and educators in designing effective blended learning models to enhance learning experiences of Bhutanese students. Keywords: Blended learning; Likert-scale; student- centric; perception; tertiary education; Bhutan;
The Role of Mobile Money for Socio-economic Development of Mogadisho, Somalia
(Daffodil International University, 2019-12-19) Mohamed, Abbas Abdi
This study is mainly aimed at identifying the role of Mobile Money for the socio-economic development of household income and financial security in Mogadishu, Somalia since mobile money has a positive effect on the standard living of the society and generally of the nation. Two hundred fifty respondents were selected from the different groups in the society who used mobile money as their daily life using purposive techniques. A self-administered questionnaire was used for collecting primary data and a literature review is made to gather secondary data. The study has found that mobile money has a positive effect on socio-economic development. Because mobile money is a source in which households got income from their relative as remittance that increases the modern living of the households. The Mobile payments facilities are: to pay any kind of bills such as agriculture production, education purpose, transportation and health sector. Moreover, the research has found out mobile money has a positive effect on women’s investment in the Micro-finance system and poverty alleviation.
Role of Formal Education in Poverty Alleviation at Hargeisa: Somalia
(Daffodil International University, 2019-12-26) Yousuf, Hamse Ahmed
The main purpose of this study was to identify the role of formal education in poverty alleviation at Hargeisa –Somalia. It also examines how formal education is a viable way to eradicating poverty. The researcher interviewed and distributed questionnaires among the students who studied in the following universities: Hargeisa University, Golis University, and Admas University. Meanwhile, the respondents of this study agreed that the role of formal education contributes to the reduction and elimination of people’s poverty. The study used and relied on an explanatory type of research design and focusing on the facts, views, sensitivity as well as experiences of the respondents. The study used both qualitative and quantitative methods focusing on primary and secondary data likewise the data was collected through questionnaires and interviews. The sample of the study covered 80 people who were representative of both gender and different categories. Descriptive statistics were used in quantitative data analysis. Responses from closed-ended and open-ended questions were moved into a summary sheet. The data were analyzed using SPSS and Excel Microsoft. The findings were presented using tables and graphs. There were time limitations which are a constraint to collect huge data and even to go fields like some universities to conduct information related to the study which is very limited time compared to the weight of the study. The financial constraint is also major obstacles which researcher faced, However, the use of the questionnaire helped in gathering a lot of information within a short time. The study illustrates the role of formal education in poverty reduction, mostly students were answered the reduction of poverty, and development strategies. Both are commonly affected by formal education, we can understand that the role of formal education in poverty alleviation is more important.
Problems and Challenges of Working Women in Urban Life: Bangladeshi Perspective
(Daffodil International University, 2019-12-26) Halder, Listina Pinki
This study examines the problem and challenges of working women in the urban city of Bangladesh. The number of working women increased and they also faced a lot of challenges simultaneously, especially urban women. The main objective of the study was to identify the issues and problems faced by urban working women in Bangladesh. The goals also included recognizing the key socio-economic independence contributes to women status, wellbeing and security, and women contribution in different organization for improving family and society. Some problems are very common like emotional and in the same way physical problems. The study was conducted on the Dhaka Church of Christ (DCOC) society in Dhaka city. A mixed-method approach including face-to-face interviews, focus group discussion and a questionnaire was used to get information for the studies. The study was based on primary data gathered from DCOC Society to discover the potential answers for working women which could assist them with overcoming the issues that they face in the working environment. The result of the study showed that different kinds of women face different problems in their professional life. Some problem they face in their workplace is discrimination like the problem of the glass ceiling, they have to persevere to get any promotion. Their path is full of the obstacle. They have to fight to reach their goal. Balancing their professional and family life makes them more stressed and exhausted.
Impact of Internet Usage on Academic Performance in Tertiary Education Level: Bangladesh Perspectives
(Daffodil International University, 2019-12-26) Said, Jama Abdi
The study investigated the impact of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education level of Bangladesh and the main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education and also other main objectives of this study were to evaluate reasons for Internet usage among students in tertiary education level also to state the importance of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education level and fortunately all the objectives of this study have been achieved successfully and intensely. This study carried out through using a mixed-method approach (including quantitative and qualitative methods) and also, research can be conducted by quantitative and qualitative approaches. Nevertheless, most of the respondents agreed that the Internet is a powerful tool that facilitates their academic performance positively and also they have agreed extremely that the Internet has the following positive impacts; the accomplishment of assignments and course works, obtainability of library databases simplify communication between lecturers and students, facilitates communication among students, availability of contemporary knowledge, improves exam preparations and examination’s grades, comprehension and reading of the courses, accessibility of examination results and online courses and the availability of learning materials from the instructors. It is found that the internet has some negative impacts on student’s academic performance e.g. disturbances of reading time and learning time reduce the attention of courses study, causes stress that can decrease exam grades, loses time allocation for the study also internet decreases the efforts towards course works. This study recommended that tertiary education institutions should provide excellent internet facilities for their students where students utilize internet services positively to prevent and avoid any negative impacts that can harm their performance.
An Analysis of the Marketing Activities of Ajkerdeal.Com Ltd.
(Daffodil International University, 2020-02-20) Mahmood, Imran
E-commerce is a growing and a potential industry in Bangladesh and Ajkerdeal.com is at the second position among al the e-commerce companies in Bangladesh. In this report on “An Analysis of The Marketing Activities of Ajkerdeal.com Ltd.” The objective is to identify the marketing strategy, explaining the marketing mix, identify the problems related to these activities and to make recommendations to solve the problems. With the help of both primary and secondary data sources this conclusive research was done. After the analysis of the marketing strategy of Ajkerdeal.com Ltd. the three major strategy, segmenting, targeting and positioning has been poped out in this report. The report shows that how the company does the segmentation and targeting easily with the help of an AI technology. Besides, the seven Ps of service parketing or the service marketing mix of the company has also been explained in depth in the report. In this report all kinds of promotional activities, pricing techniques, ordering process, hubs of the company are explained in details. In the concluding part, the report has covered the important findings of problems about the marketing activities of Ajkerdeal.com Ltd. Such as the limited number of hubs, slow response by the support center and more. Some possible suggestion are also given briefly from own point of view. Finally, the total report will help to describe the marketing activities done by Ajkerdeal.com Ltd.
Garments Manufacturing System
(Daffodil International University, 2020-07-20) Mishuk, Asaduzzaman
The garment production systems are a combination of production processes, materials handling, personnel and equipment that direct workflow and produce finished garments. It is a system that depicts how the two-dimensional fabric is transformed into a three-dimensional garment in a manufacturing system. The names of the production systems are based on the various factors like utilization of a number of machines to assemble a garment, layout of machines, total number of operators involved to produce a garment and number of pieces moving in a production line during the production of a garment. Each garment production system needs a suitable management philosophy, materials handling procedures, plant layout for garments spreading and worker training. The garment industry could combine various production systems to achieve their specific garments’ production needs like utilizing only one production system or a combination of different systems for one product style. Designing production system ensures the coordination of various production activities. There is no particular production system that is universally accepted, yet there are different types of production systems followed by different organizations as discussed in the following section.
A Study on the Role of NGOs in Poverty Reduction of Southern Somalia
(©Daffodil International University, 2020-12-14) Mahadale, Mohamed Ali; Mohamd, Abdirahim Abukar; Ali, Mohamud Abdirahman Hirsi; Hassan, Abdimalik Ahmed
This study explores the role of NGOs (Non-Governmental Organization) in the poverty reduction of southern Somalia. In today’s world, three billion people live below US$2 per day. Among them, one and half billion people live under US$1 per day. About 70-90 percent of the world’s largest unwashed population in the developing world are poor and the country Somalia is one of them. Therefore, a study needs to be conducted to investigate the role of NGOs in poverty reduction. The theoretical background of NGOs, a detailed understanding of the term microfinance, food security, livelihood and education was clarified for conceptual understanding. It was found with supportive reference how the NGOs of the country are playing a positive and essential role for the improvement of the poor and the needy. The mission and activities of NGOs revealed the fact that the NGOs are universal multifaceted and multidimensional projects aimed at providing education, empowerment of women etc. Over the years, people have been living in poverty and resources have been distributed unequally which placed them in vulnerable positions. To solve these problems, NGOs come up with different strategies such as providing aid to the poor, establishing microfinance entities, national development in the areas of good governance, and bridging the gap of poverty in southern Somalia. The study was conducted with descriptive research. The sample was 150 participants or respondents from the total population. The study used both quantitative and qualitative methods focusing on primary and secondary data. The data was collected through survey questionnaires. Statistical package for social science (SPSS) was used to analyze the data. The findings of this study presented that livelihood has affected the improvement of poverty reduction and decreased, 50 percent of the poor people have been getting some help from NGOs such as food, housing and shelter. 58 percent of the southern Somalia people get assistance from NGOs to improve their livelihood. Hence NGOs in southern Somalia can continue playing the role of catalyst in the attainment of sustainable economic growth and development provided, also the eradication of poverty, so a warm and dependable relationship is there between the government and NGOs where both are working for the benefit of the people.
Empowerment of Young Female Entrepreneurs
(Daffodil International University, 2021-12) Kawser, Uzma
In recent years, there has been a notable increase in the number of female entrepreneurs participating in e-business on social media platforms in Bangladesh. Given that women represent about half of the population; this is undeniably a considerable contribution to the country's economy. This study aspires to explore the factors that motivate young female entrepreneurs to join e-business and the factors that act as barriers. The study adopts both qualitative and quantitative research approaches followed by a non-conclusive descriptive research design. To collect the data from the respondents, a questionnaire has been developed and in-depth telephonic interviews have been conducted. Snow globe method and purposive sampling methods have been used for sampling. Their personal information for constructing a demographic profile, business information, success factors, and challenges to conduct their online business have been identified through data analysis. There are seven main clusters of success factors demographic characteristics, financial factors, technological and skill development factors, receiving training, social mobility, personal choice of profession, Extra Value generations and barriers identified, with lack of managerial skills, technological skills, competition, and personal challenge, institutional challenges being the most significant. This study also tries to identify by analyzing the data if being on e-platforms as female entrepreneurs can break the barriers for them in the context of Bangladesh and empower them in process. It will also contribute on the action of women who have already taken a step to become entrepreneur of e-businesses might discover a way to tighten their actions.
Survey on co-relation of daily life hygienicity practice and food habit on Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) patients at green life hospital, Dhaka
(Daffodil International University, 2023-01-14) Baidya, Sajuti
UTIs, or urinary tract infections, are still rather prevalent. Up to 50% of women say they have experienced at least one UTI in their entire lives. The most frequent cause of infection in nursing home residents and the most frequent cause of bacteremia in the senior population is a urinary tract infection. The goal of the research study was to learn about the dietary habits and hygiene behaviors of patients with urinary tract infections. At Green Life Hospital in Dhaka, an investigation made with questionaries’ was given to each individually UTI patient separately. According to the investigation 38% responders replied that they have been maintained proper hygienity for the prevention of urinary tract infection. 47% patients have been replied that they haven’t any idea about wearing tightfitted clothes during your menstruation cycle can lead to bacterial growth in the urinary tract. According to the assessment 41% people have genital skin disease on the other hands 59% responders haven’t genital skin disease. 94% majority patients responded that they have taken regular shower. Everyone should be taken shower regularly. 43% responders responded that they have been taken probiotics and fermented food item in their meal. In this investigation 58% patients replied that they have been eaten orange like fruits during their UTI problem. According to the survey doctor has been prescribed different type of antibiotics. 35% responders replied that they have been taken nitrofurantoin monohydrate, 29% patients replied that they have been taken Cefuroxime + clavulanic acid combination. In conclusion, it can say that most of the people haven’t idea about proper hygienicity & also they haven’t maintained hygienicity & proper food consume.
The Impact of Nepotism in the Hiring Process of the Public Sector in Somalia
(Daffodil International University, 2023-09-12) Salah, Mursal Abdulalhi; Hersi, Najib Jama; Hassan, Saleban Mohamud; Isse, Abshir Jama
Nepotism is a widespread problem in the public sector hiring process in Somalia, inhibiting effective and efficient services. In light of this, the purpose of this research is to identify the various characteristics that are closely associated to nepotism practices in public sectors, as well as how these aspects affect the efficiency and effectiveness of public sector organizations in Somalia. A quantitative research approach, such as a survey, was used to collect data via a structure questionnaire with sixteen items. According to the study findings, lack of transparency in the recruitment process, influence of personal connections, political interference, weak enforcement of anti-nepotism policies, and insufficient monitoring and accountability mechanisms are the main causes of nepotism in the Somali public sector. This study also highlights the impact of nepotism, such as how it leads to the appointment of unqualified individuals to government positions, impedes the promotion of competent and deserving personnel, lowers the quality of public services, and ultimately destroys public trust in government institutions. The conclusions of this study will help to ensure the efficiency and effectiveness of Somalia's public sector organizations.
"Phytochemical screening & antistress activities of the methanolic extracts of Melochia Corchorifolia leaves
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-01) Bappy, Rakiba Akter
The present study was undertaken to evaluate the possible “phytochemical screening and antistress activities of the methanol extracts of Melochia Corchorifolia leaves” (family: Sterculiaceae. The leaf's methanol and water extracts have been shown in numerous studies to have antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, and anti-cancer properties. Using conventional procedures, the methanolic extract underwent a phytochemical examination. Numerous phytoconstituents were found, including glycosides, terpenoids, alkaloids, steroids, tannins, phenols, and saponins, according to the analysis. The design research investigates the impacts of spleen anatomy, blood glucose levels, weight fluctuation, and anti stress exercise. The stress group had blood glucose levels of 10.23 ± 1.08 mmol/L and 7.43 ± 0.89 mmol/L, whereas the medicinal sample group had values of 8.9 ± 0.81 mmol/L and 11.03 ± 0.37 mmol/L, respectively. The stress group had a cortisol level of 4.17± 0.19 ug/dl, whereas the medicinal sample group and standard group had levels of 2.13± 0.30 ug/dl and 3.17± 0.18 ug/dl, respectively. Weight fluctuation for the stress group was 26.66 ± 1.20gm, whereas the sample group was 25 ±1 gm. A morphological analysis of the spleen was done in order to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of conventional and herbal medicines against the spleen mass.
A survey on the knowledge and perceptions of long term uses of proton pump inhibitors among patients with gastrointestinal disorders in Dhaka medical college hospital
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Shanta, Sanzida Sharmin
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely prescribed medications for the management of various gastrointestinal disorders. This survey aims to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of patients with gastrointestinal disorders regarding the extended use of PPIs. The study employs a cross-sectional design, utilizing a structured questionnaire administered to a diverse sample of patients diagnosed with gastrointestinal disorders who are currently undergoing long-term PPI therapy. The survey assesses participants' awareness of the indications for PPI use, understanding of potential side effects and risks associated with prolonged usage, and their perceptions of the necessity for continued medication. In this investigation most of the responders (77%) have been affected gastrointestinal disease. Majority of the responders 44% replied they have been diagnosed gastrointestinal disease from less than one year, 31% responders replied they have been diagnosed gastrointestinal disease from 1-5 years. Among them majority participants 30% responded that they have been suffered Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Also 20% participant’s responded that they have been suffered change in normal bowel habits. According to the survey, most of the responders (78%) have been said they haven’t aware about complication of long term use of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI). 32% participants replied that they have been suffered Bone fractures, 25% responded suffered Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea, and 18% replied they suffered chronic kidney disease due to long term use of Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI). In this investigation, maximum participants 55% replied that they have been taken PPI daily, 22% replied 2-3 times a week and 18% replied 4-5 times a week taken Proton Pump Inhibitor. Majority of the participants 92% replied that they have been taken regularly PPI without doctor prescribing. Here demonstrate that 40% responders replied they have been PPI in morning empty stomach, 25% replied they have been taken PPI at night 30 min before and 30% responders taken after meal. Ultimately, this survey serves as a valuable foundation for future research and interventions aimed at enhancing patient education and understanding regarding the longterm use of proton pump inhibitors.
A Novel Analytical Method Development of Esomeprazole Pellet
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Sarker, Md. Shah Newaj
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), also called gastric medicine, are among the most frequently prescribed medications globally. Medications such as Esomeprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, and others have nearly become ubiquitous in Bangladesh. Although available in various forms on the market, capsules (pellets) are the most prevalent. Analyzing pharmaceuticals is laborious because only a limited number of pharmaceutical companies produce them internally; the rest purchase granules that have been filled into capsule shells and sold. Thus, only a few in-house methods exist to facilitate the analytical process. The majority of them rely on pharmacopoeial methods such as BP and USP. Although these techniques are widely used, they may only apply to some pharmaceuticals. Therefore, this study is preoccupied with developing a novel technique to facilitate the analysis of PPI pellets. It is a finished product for a company that has only sold granules; it is a raw material for a purchaser. The analytical technique can, therefore, be identical for both. For an analyst to analyze these PPI granules, an effective method for both the primary material and the final product must exist. This analysis uses High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the most effective method for separating and identifying mixtures of various components. In addition, distinct reagent and chromatographic conditions are implemented, given that this is a novel methodology. The ultimate findings exhibit encouraging results. This approach reduces both time and analysis costs, albeit with minor drawbacks. Esomeprazole, PPI, particle analysis, HPLC, and the development of analytical methods are all keywords
Phytochemical Screening and Biological Tests of Methanol Extract of Ruellia simplex
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Tasnim, Mst. Saima
The phytochemical composition and possible biological activities of Ruellia simplex, a medicinal herb that has conventional uses, were studied. Plant material was extracted using methanol, and the resultant extract was thoroughly screened for the existence of several secondary metabolites using phytochemical analysis. Alkaloids, flavonoids, Saponin, Glycoside, and tannins were found in the results of the research, indicating the plant’s varied chemical composition. The biochemical properties of the Ruellia simplex methanol extract were then assessed using a battery of in vitro experiments and in-vivo anti-diarrheal, in-vitro thrombolytic activity, in vitro antioxidant & in vivo anthelminthic activity. Ruellia Simplex methanol extract showed adequate thrombolytic effectiveness (69%), according to this investigation. Standard ascorbic acid’s DPPH inhibitory effect displays the IC50 (9.072 μg/ml) as the positive control. The Methanol extract of Ruellia Simplex has a notable DPPH inhibitory effect, with an IC50 of 20.487 μg/ml when compared to standard. The findings of this research emphasize Ruellia simplex’s potential uses in medicine and healthcare by providing significant details on the phytochemical makeup of the plant and its biological activities. The results highlight the significance of looking for novel therapeutic compounds in natural sources and may open the door for future studies
A survey on Salmonella typhi Bacteria: its Implications, Current Situation, Preventions and Control Efforts
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Sultana, Mahima
Salmonella typhi, the causative agent of typhoid fever, continues to pose a significant global health threat, particularly in regions with inadequate sanitation and limited access to clean water. This comprehensive survey explores the implications of Salmonella typhi infections, shedding light on the current situation, preventive measures, and ongoing control efforts. The implications of Salmonella typhi infections extend beyond the immediate health impact, encompassing economic burdens, reduced workforce productivity, and strain on healthcare systems. According to the survey, most of the responders replied that they have been very familiar with Salmonella typhi infection. In this investigation most of the responders (77%) replied that they have been affected Typhoid. 53% response that they have been suffered high fever that is becoming severe and constant. Also 17% participant’s response that they have been suffered abdominal pain and 20% have been suffered higher and severe diarrhea. According to the survey, most of the participants (57%) replied that they have been taken medicine without doctor prescribing. According to the survey, most of the responders (78%) replied that they haven’t aware about complication of Salmonella typhi. In this investigation most of the responders (60%) replied that they have been known Typhoid is a contagious disease. 37% responders replied that they have been taken preventive measure as washing hands regularly, 25% replied taken safe food handling practices, 20% replied that they have been taken vaccination and also 18% taken steps as avoiding raw or undercooked foods. 35% responders said Typhoid fever may be gets worse like Pneumonia and anemia, 22% typhoid intestinal perforation (TIP), 18% gastrointestinal hemorrhage & 15% hepatitis. The survey discusses various vaccination strategies, hygiene practices, and public awareness campaigns that have proven effective in reducing the incidence of typhoid fever. By understanding the implications and addressing the challenges, stakeholders can work collaboratively to reduce the burden of typhoid fever and improve public health outcomes worldwide
A survey on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards taking Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) among Bangladeshi villagers
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Sarker, Mithun
It is a survey on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards taking Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) among Bangladeshi villagers. Out most of the villagers don’t know about proper use of PPIs. They do not know when it will be taken and why the are taken PPIs? There haven’t any awareness between most of the Bangladeshi villagers. Who don’t have any formal educational knowledge the take PPIs without doctor’s advice. They go to pharmacy and bye PPIs. They don’t know about dose of the PPIs at a time. The take their own advice. They take it after taking food. That’s why it can not work properly. In the result Most of the Bangladeshi villagers are use PPIs. Most of them are woman and who do not have any educational knowledge the use without doctors prescription. Who are Educated they know everything about PPIs. But one part of educated villagers don’t know when it will be take. They take it after taking food. That’s why it can’t work 100% or properly. They do not know about it’s demerits. They don’t have any knowledge it create some adverse effect after taking PPIs. On the other hand who are un educated, don’t have any academic knowledge they don’t have any knowledge about PPIs. They take it without doctor’s prescription. They do not know when it will be taken. And they take it randomly. They also don’t know 30-60 minutes before taking food it will be taken. That’s why there are suffering mane problems and for that reasons PPIs can not work properly. For that reason PPIs don’t it’s 100%.
Phytochemical Screening and Biological Tests of Methanol Extract of Ruellia simplex
(Daffodil International University, 2024-01-22) Tasnim, Mst. Saima
The phytochemical composition and possible biological activities of Ruellia simplex, a medicinal herb that has conventional uses, were studied. Plant material was extracted using methanol, and the resultant extract was thoroughly screened for the existence of several secondary metabolites using phytochemical analysis. Alkaloids, flavonoids, Saponin, Glycoside, and tannins were found in the results of the research, indicating the plant’s varied chemical composition. The biochemical properties of the Ruellia simplex methanol extract were then assessed using a battery of in vitro experiments and in-vivo anti-diarrheal, in-vitro thrombolytic activity, in vitro antioxidant & in vivo anthelminthic activity. Ruellia Simplex methanol extract showed adequate thrombolytic effectiveness (69%), according to this investigation. Standard ascorbic acid’s DPPH inhibitory effect displays the IC50 (9.072 μg/ml) as the positive control. The Methanol extract of Ruellia Simplex has a notable DPPH inhibitory effect, with an IC50 of 20.487 μg/ml when compared to standard. The findings of this research emphasize Ruellia simplex’s potential uses in medicine and healthcare by providing significant details on the phytochemical makeup of the plant and its biological activities. The results highlight the significance of looking for novel therapeutic compounds in natural sources and may open the door for future studies.
Survey on Analyzing Medicine Leaflets in Bangladesh:Impact,Availability,and Public Health Expectations
(Daffodil International University, 2024-05-06) Shuvo, Shakil Khan
Background: Bangladesh is one of the South Asian countries having different public health issues like child and maternal death, and outbreaks of communicable – noncommunicable diseases. The desideratum of this research is to investigate and analyze the influence of patient education pamphlets on public health in Bangladesh and to evaluate patient’s expectations, scope of development and provision of current practice of Patient Information Leaflets (PIL). Methods: The study is carried out using an online survey utilizing Google Form and through mass interviews conducted offline. A self-administered questionnaire prepared utilizing a questionnaire-based interview schedule. The entire study was built around a targeted questionnaire that was developed utilizing information from previous research on medicine information leaflets that had been done in various parts of the world as well as some general knowledge about medicine information leaflets. The questionnaire was prepared divided questions in four parts of Personal Information, Knowledge About Medicine Information Leaflet, Usability & Room for Improvement of Medicine Information Leaflet and Health Benefit. Results: Data was collected from 984 people of different ages, genders, demographic locations, education levels and occupation. Among them, 699 people know about it and 340 people read it regularly. Around 41% of people read it to learn about dose but 49% of people find it hard to understand. Although 59% of people admit PIL helps them a lot to understand the medication but 38% thought further improvement is needed. 23% of the population currently use digital media to gain information regarding medicine but 44% of the population prefer it over traditional media as 35% of the population thought digital media helps them to compare between brands. 38% of the population read PIL before buying a medicine but for 28% it influences on their buying decision. Conclusion: Patient Information leaflet makes a great impact on people's understanding of medicine and a more patient oriented leaflet can improve the overall public health scenario in Bangladesh.