Thesis 2018

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Simulation Based EIGRP over OSPF Performance Analysis
(East West University, 4/17/2018) Esha, Rumana Ali; Tahura, Sharaban
Routing protocol is taking a vital role in the modern communication networks. A routing protocol is a protocol which is responsible to determine how routers communicate with each other and forward the packets through the optimal path to travel from a source node to a destination node. Among the routing protocols, Enhanced Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (EIGRP) and Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) are the pre-eminent routing protocols. EIGRP is a Cisco proprietary distance-vector protocol based on Diffusing Update Algorithm (DUAL). On the other hand, OSPF is a link-state interior gateway protocol based on Dijkstra algorithm (Shortest Path First Algorithm). In the context of routing protocol performance, each of them has different architecture, adaptability, route processing delays and convergence capabilities. This thesis presents a simulation based comparative performance analysis between OSPF and EIGRP for real time applications by using OPNET. In order to evaluate st, 2nd and 3rd network model is configured respectively with OSPF, EIGRP and combination of EIGRP and OSPF. Our evaluation of proposed routing protocols is performed based on the quantitative metrics such as Convergence Time, Jitter, End-to-End delay, Throughput and Packet Loss through the simulated network models. The evaluation results show that EIGRP routing protocol provides a better performance than OSPF routing protocol and EIGRP_OSPF performs better than other two routing protocols for real time applications.
Polarization Charge Effects Analysis on AlGaN/GaN HEMT
(East West University, 4/19/2018) Roy, Rajdeep; Chakraborty, Shukla
Due to the high breakdown voltage and higher temperature GaN HEMT has drawn attention for high power electronics. In this work we have investigated the polarization effect of GaN HEMT and compared the result without adding the polarization effect. The Id – Vd characteristics, electric field, threshold voltage and transconductance operations has been observed here. We simulated the device in ATLAS simulator in TCAD with adding the polarization effect and compared the result in the same device without adding the polarization effect. The polarization effect in the GaN HEMT device induces Two Dimensional Electron Gas (2DEG) in the AlGaN/GaN interface which increases the electron concentration of the polarization effect enabled device by three times of magnitude comparing without adding polarization effect. The ID – VG characteristics curve also shows the polarization effect. Because of the effect a channel is created and drain current can be found where without adding the polarization effect no drain current can be found and the device doesn’t work as a transistor.
A Proportional Performance Investigation Route Relocation Amongthree Different Routing Protocols Using Opnet Simulation
(East West University, 4/19/2018) Fatima; Alam, Samia Binte
In today's real-world scenario, using multiple dynamic routing protocols for forwarding packets has become a normal job for the network administrators. Therefore, the route redistribution is an important issue in an enterprise network that has been configured by multiple different routing protocols in its routers. In this study, we analyze the performance of the combination of three routing protocols in each scenario and make a comparison among our scenarios. We have used the OPNET 17.5 simulator to create the two scenarios in this paper by selecting three different routing protocols from the distance vector and link state routing protocols in each scenario. In the first scenario, we have configured the network routers with EIGRP, IGRP, and OSPF that is named EIGRP_IGRP_OSPF in our simulation. Here EIGRP is used on the server side and OSPF is used on the client side. The OSPF_IGRP_ISIS scenario is a mixed from EIGRP, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols that is the second scenario and OSPF is used on the server side and ISIS is used on the client side. The third scenario is OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP that is the route redistribution among OSPF, IGRP, and IS-IS protocols and OSPF is used on the server side and EIGRP is used on the client side. The simulation results showed that the performance of the EIGRP_IGRP_ISIS scenario is better than the other scenarios in terms of network convergence time, throughput, video packet delay variation, and FTP download response time. In contrast, the OSPF_IGRP_ISIS has less voice packet delay variation, video conferencing and voice packet end-to-end delays, and queuing delay as compared with the two other scenarios. On the other hand, the performance of the OSPF_IGRP_EIGRP scenario has the better FTP upload response time, and voice jitter.
Driver’s Health and Body Movement Monitoring System for Early Accident Detection
(East West University, 4/19/2018) Ashrafi, Rejowana; Fahad, Abdullah-Al; Alam, Ahnaph Tahmid
The purpose of this project is to save people from accident. Approximately 1.3 million people die in road crashes each year, on average 3,287 deaths a day [1]. The U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration reported that drowsy and careless driving is the cause of an estimated 40,000 injuries and 1550 deaths in car crashes every year in U.S. [2]. Over 90% of all road fatalities occur in low and middle-income countries, which have less than half of the world's vehicles [1]. Following the report of NCPSRR (The National Committee to Protect Shipping, Roads and Railways) 4,284 people were killed and 9,112 others injured in 3,472 road accidents across Bangladesh in 2017 [3]. Road accident is one of the major problems and the number of accident is increasing day by day. Many of these deaths could be avoided if driver drowsiness and carelessness could be properly monitored and drivers are given early warnings. That is why we are making this project so that we can reduce the number of accidents and save few lives. We collected 14 years data of accidents in Bangladesh and then we analyzed it and found a pattern of the accident. And then we build two devices. One device will monitor the physical condition of the driver and another device will monitor the head movement of the driver. The system will keep monitoring the driver’s condition. If the driver loses his focus from the road or driving, the system will alert and help to get back him focused on the road. The system is carefully designed for low-power consumption and the cost of the device is also low.
Measurement of Heart Rate in Intense Motion Using Photoplethysmographic Signals
(East West University, 4/4/2018) Alam, S.M. Samiul; Kibria, Golam
Photoplethysmographic signal is one of the most convenient approaches to measure heart rate (HR) when subject is not in motion. But in intense motion, HR estimation becomes difficult as the peaks of motion artifacts are mingled with the peaks of heart rate in photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal. In this work, a data independent algorithm is proposed to measure heart rate from the contaminated PPG signal. The method is verified using the 12 data sets provided by IEEE signal processing cup 2015 [13]. Using this method, an average absolute error of 10.60 beat per minute (BPM) and standard deviation of 8.42 BPM are obtained while subjects are running at an average velocity of 15 km/h. Though the results are not highly satisfactory yet, the algorithm may be considered as a potential candidate for data independent PPG-based HR estimation approach.
Bangladesh Power Development Board, Rajshahi
(East West University, 4/4/2018) Samrat, Khan Faisal Ferdause; Kibrea, Md. Golam; Saikat, Md. Asif Uzzaman
In the modern world, we cannot think a day without electricity. Day by day the demand for electricity is increasing, but the generation of power is not increasing so much in Bangladesh. To fulfill a significant amount of demand of electric power in Bangladesh, Barapukuria Coal Based Thermal Power Plant (250MW), Baghabari Gas Turbine Power Plant (171MW), Recently Bangladesh is importing 500 MW electricity from India by Bheramara(HVDC) substation, all are playing a vital role in power generation in Bangladesh. Katakhali power plant (50MW) is also used in emergency situation. A new unit of 275 MW is under construction in Barapukuria Coal Based Thermal Power Plant. We have done our internship at BPDB, Rajshahi. We visited four different types of the power plant and two substations. Duration of our training was 100 hours for 15 days. In our internship, we visited those power plants and substation to achieve a clear idea of the power generation, control, and maintenance process. This report consists of a brief description of these processes. A lot of steps are needed to complete the supply of the power to the grid. All the steps are described in this report. Thus internship training helped us with this opportunity to compare our theoretical knowledge with practical applications. Finally, we think, the knowledge we have gathered here really helped us to enhance our understanding of our academic knowledge.
Numerical Analysis of a Si based Gate All Around Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
(East West University, 4/4/2018) Rahman, Mahsab Al; Ratree, Maliha Marjan
With the advent in time, as the Moore’s law approaches horizon; novel semiconductor devices such as the Gate All Around Metal Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (GAA-MESFET) transistor arrives at the stage as the next big thing in the world of electronics. This is because as the dimensions planar MOSFET shrinks to an even smaller scale, the increase in SCE(Short Channel Effect) becomes even more prominent thus degrading the device’s performance. Thus the need of the hour is an transistor that can provide better control over SCE and GAA-MESFET can be just that ray of hope. It has become an extremely promising candidate in the sub 22 nm scale nano-devices due to its simpler fabrication process and remarkable short channel performances. In this undergraduate thesis, investigation of the behaviour of such GAA-MESFET by changing various physical parameters while trying to infer about its potential behaviour aka performance has been done. Use of High-K dielectric material alongside a stack of Low K and High k material as insulator was also done and its corresponding performance was observed.
Demonstration and Practical Visit of Power Generation, Power Transmission and Power Distribution System of BPDB Rajshahi
(East West University, 4/4/2018) Chowdhury, Tanvir; Sultana, Shobnom; Hassan, Md. Shahrukh
Power sector is the most important sector for a developing country like Bangladesh. We can’t imagine a single day without electricity. Power sector includes generation, transmission and distribution of electricity. The government and the power sector are trying to increase the capability of generation. Bangladesh's total installed electricity generation capacity has reached nearly 15,000 Mega Watts (MW). We got the opportunity to complete our internship under Rajshahi Training Center, Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB). During this internship, we visited three different types of power plants and two substations. In our internship, we have visited a diesel power plant in Katakhali, Rajshahi, which is a peaking power plant and operates on peak hours. It supplies 50 MW to the national grid. Then, we visited a gas turbine power plant in Baghabari, Sirajgonj, which uses natural gas as its fuel and supplies 171 MW to national grid. After that we visited a thermal power plant in Khalishpur, Khulna, which uses Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) as its fuel to make steam and supplies 170 MW in the national grid. We achieved a clear idea of generation, transmission, distribution, control and maintenance of those power plants. Is this report, we briefly discussed about these processes that we learned during the internship. Also we discuss about protection systems and auxiliary systems of these power plants.
Continuous Blood Pressure Estimation using Photoplethysmography
(East West University, 4/5/2018) Islam, Md.Razanul; Tushar, Siful Islam
Sphygmomanometer and stethoscope are the most widely used noninvasive method to measure blood pressure. In this work a novel method to estimate blood pressure using photoplethysmogram (PPG) is proposed. The PPG signal data was collected from an online patient database, Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care (MIMIC), developed by MIT lab. The estimated BP using the proposed method is then compared with the reference BP acquired from the same database. The estimated results are in good agreement with the reference blood pressure values.
Performance Analysis of a Grid-Tied Solar PV System
(East West University, 4/5/2018) Sayed, Lamiya; Md. Hasanujjaman; Jaman, Md. Asadul
A grid tied solar PV system can provide energy to the consumers without affecting the climate. Due to minimal maintenance cost and longevity of the inverters and PV panels the grid tied PV system makes itself attractive to the customer. In this work, we have presented the performance analysis of a 200kWp grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) system installed on the rooftop of the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics Building in Agargaon, Dhaka. Real time output voltage, power, current and energy have been recorded for the month of December 2017. The input solar irradiance is calculated analytically to estimate the system efficiency. All the input and output data were collected and calculated, respectively, based on 1-hour interval. We have observed a maximum and minimum daily energy production of 471.9kWh and 94.5kWh respectively from the PV system. During that observation period, total 9670.5kWh energy is delivered by the PV system. The PV modules of this PV system have maximum 15.4% conversion efficiency and the inverters have maximum 98% inversion efficiency. In that case the maximum theoretical efficiency of the system is 15.1%. Considering clear sky irradiance to the collector without considering the shadowing effect the PV system has 4.94% of monthly average overall efficiency. When we have considered the shadowing effect and clearness index separately, the monthly average overall efficiencies are 5.12% and 7.13% respectively. After considering both the clearness index and shadowing effect the monthly average overall efficiency of the PV system is 7.50%. The PV system has 1.75h/day of average daily final yield and 4.13h/day of average peak sun hours. Capacity factor of this PV system is 6.9% where it should be close to 15%. Average performance ratio is 0.42 during the observation period, however a properly functioning PV system has a performance ratio from 0.6 to 0.8 depending on geographical location and time of the year. Practically it is possible to get a higher system efficiency from this PV system by reducing dirt loss as it exhibits maximum overall efficiency of 10.11% after two days of drizzle. After analyzing the efficiency and other parameters it can be concluded that the system performance is poor. We have found out that the lack of maintenance is one of the main reasons that reduces the efficiency of the PV system. Performance of the PV system can be improved by periodic cleaning of the PV panels and proper monitoring of the inverters and combiner boxes.
An Investigation on the Hydrogen Gas Sensitivity of Silicon Nanowire Devices
(East West University, 5/5/2018) Arshad, Afrida; Saha, Urmila; Shoma, Sharmin
In this work we investigate feasibility of SiNW for hydrogen gas sensing application. We have used 58μm long p-type silicon NW with source and drain doping and body doping of . This particular structure has been used to resemble fabricated NW platform that has been used to extract the surface states density of SiNW when exposure of gas with pressure of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 bar. It is found that 100nm thick SiNW can exhibit sensitivity of gas down to 2500 ppm, 800 ppm, and 100 ppm for pressures of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 bar respectively if is exposed on NW in natural ambient. If is exposed on NW in vacuum environment this sensitivity goes down to 200 ppm, 100 ppm, and below 50 ppm respectively for 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 bar. With the reduction of NW thickness a significant improvement of sensitivity is observed. For 10nm thickness SiNW can exhibit sensitivity of gas down to 500 ppm, 400 ppm, and below 50 ppm for pressure of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 bar respectively in natural ambient and in vacuum environment this sensitivity goes down to 100 ppm, 100 ppm, and below 50 ppm respectively for 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 bar.
Bangladesh Power Development Board, Rajshahi
(East West University, 5/5/2018) Islam, Towhidul; Shakil, Khalilur Rahman; Kabir, Kazi Imran
To fulfill the large demand of electric power in Bangladesh, Bangladesh Power Development Board, Rajshahi is playing a vital role in power generation sector of Bangladesh. Bangladesh Power Development Board, Rajshahi (BPDB, Rajshahi) is a part of Bangladesh Power Development Board (BPDB) which is managing the Northern Zone. We did our internship (first shift) at Bangladesh Power Development Board, Rajshahi (BPDB, Rajshahi) from 21th august to 29th august in 2017and then (second shift) from 6th September to 11septenber in 2017. During our internship we visited Katakhali 50MW Peaking Power Plant, Rajshahi, 132/33 kV Grid Project, PGCB, Amnura, Chapainababgang, Khulna Thermal Power Plant, BPDB, 33/11 kV substation, Horogram, Rajshahi, Baghabari Power Plant, BPDB, Baghabari, Sirajganj, Power Plant, BPDB, and gathered knowledge about diesel engine power plant, steam power plant, gas turbine power plant, grid substation and distribution substation. We have also learnt about power generation, transmission and distribution. During our internship period we observed and gathered knowledge and experienced over the topics which we have learnt during our course of study. In this report we have focused on the operation of these power plants. We have also discussed about the power generation, transmission and distribution of these power plants, along with their protection mechanism.
Project Report on Aerial Agricultural Vehicle
(East West University, 5/5/2018) Hassan, Mehedhi; Uddin, Md Shihab
The main purpose of our project is to monitor and apply pesticides in the agriculture fields. Currently, 36.50% of global crop production is lost due to disease, pests, and weeds [1]. Following the report of ACCII (Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India), annual crop losses due to pests and diseases amount to Rs.50,000 crore which is approximately $500 billion [2]. It is a significant loss for a country. Pest and disease attack is one of the major problems. The number of disease and pest attack is increasing day by day. This attack could be reduced if the farmers monitor their field sincerely and apply pesticides in a proper way. That is why we are making this project so that we can reduce the number of disease and pest attack. We collect the data of some common disease and pest. We noticed that the farmers are applying pesticides improper way. We designed our system very carefully so that farmers can monitor their field easily and apply pesticides in a proper way. Our system is capable of controlling the damage of crops and bad effect on the environment and human health.
Performance Analysis of Heterojunction with Intrinsic Thin Layer (HIT) Solar Cell
(East West University, 5/6/2018) Talukder, Shovon; Prodhania, Abdus Sattar; Ahmed, Kazi Peya
Nanocrystalline Si:H (nc-Si:H) heterojunction with intrinsic thin layer (HIT) solar cells with the structure of ITO/nc-Si:H(P+)/a-Si:H(i)/c-Si(n)/a-Si(i)/nc-Si:H(n+)/Al is studied in this work. Photovoltaic properties of the solar cells such as, open circuit voltage, Short circuit current, fill factor and efficiency are investigated. We have selected emitter thickness, emitter concentration, work function of contact and absorber length to be varied, and the impacts of varying these on the basic solar cell parameters are presented. Standard AM1.5 spectrum for incident photon is used for this analysis. ATLAS SILVACO is used to construct and simulate the HIT Solar cell. The result shows that open circuit voltage, short circuit current, fill factor and overall efficiency are obviously affected by emitter concentration, emitter thickness and work function of the solar cell. The HIT solar cell gives the maximum current at a work function of 5.3eV of front contact. The emitter concentration at higher level gives a higher efficiency and an optimization in emitter thickness yield better cell efficiency as well. The absorber length doesn’t affect the solar cell parameters.