Journal Volume 02, Issue 02, July 2009

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Sources and Patterns of Education Sector Financing: Options and Challenges in Bangladesh
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Islam, Nazmul
Bangladesh’s education system depends heavily on public financing both for recurrent and development expenditures. One major exception is secondary education where there is significant private financing. Though education is by far the largest recipient of Budgetary funds in combined Annual Development Program (ADP) and recurrent budgets, the total government expenditure on education is currently about only 2.5 percent of GDP and 14.2 percent of total government spending (BANBEIS 2008 and Human Development Report 2007/2008).The expansion of primary education took place both within and outside the public sector, while the rapid expansion of secondary education occurred mainly through partnerships with private providers. The large expansion in primary enrollment eventually resulted in increased demand for continuing into the secondary level. To achieve rapid expansion of secondary enrollment, the Government should opt more seriously for even wider partnership with the private sector, which will allow lower per-pupil costs. A high share of government education expenditure at all levels is directed to teachers' salaries and salary-related subsidies to non-government institutions. Salaries and salary-related subsidies accounted for 97 percent of recurrent expenditure at the primary level and 80 percent at the secondary level. Thus little funding is available for other inputs such as teaching materials supplies, in-service training, and maintenance. Construction is another large item in education budgets. In tertiary level the allocation for research is really disappointing. The Government should increase substantially the non salary budget for education sector.
An Evaluation of English Language Teaching at the Beginner's Level in Bangladesh from the Psycholinguistic Point of View
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Majid, Iffat A.N.
This paper looks at the teaching methods currently practiced in Bangladesh in both Bengali-medium and English-medium primary schools in order to ascertain how conducive it is for second language learning in the light of theories of second language acquisition. Opinions of parents/guardians and primary school teachers have been sought in this regard about the necessity and quality of teaching at this level.
Baudelaire’s “Tableaux Parisiens”: Metropolis Multitude, and Modernity
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Mohamad Noman, Abu Syeed
The section titled ‘Tableaux Parisiens,’ in the second edition of Charles Baudelaire’s the Flowers of Evil highlights a remarkable transition from the poet’s initial romantic preoccupation to an outstandingly different kind of poetry which shocked the contemporary readers and led the later critics and poets alike to regard him as the first modern poet. Modern poetry, as this paper aims to show, has been the product of the lone poet’s painful effort to adapt himself to the unpredictable city and his subsequent failure, alienation and ennui. This failure is the fate of everyman, and the failed self, the fallen self With all its secrets, finds in the city a market and incarnates at times as a prostitute looking for customers to sell herself and at other times as a poet in search of a publisher to sell himself. Baudelaire, unlike his predecessors, does not shun this lost tribe of people from his poetry but makes them and their city the very subject therein. Thus, a study of the city, which supplied the poet the inspiration and the materials for his work, would be a key to Baudelaire’s modernity. With this perception this paper seeks to make a critical reading of ‘Tableaux Parisiens’ and show that Baudelaire’s modernity was born in the metropolis with his discovery of isolation in the multitude.
The Impact of Foreign Aid on Economic Growth in Bangladesh: An Modern Time Series Econometric Approach
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Islam, Zahirul; Shimul, Shafiun Nahin
This study examined the long run relationship between foreign aid (FAID) and economic growth in Bangladesh using the two modern time series econometric approaches- bound testing Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Models or Unrestricted Error Correction Model (UECM) and Engel Granger two step procedures during the period of 1973-2007 and found that FAID and GDP are not co-integrated. However, using Granger Causality test, it was shown that the FAID was not significantly causing the GDP per capita both in the short and long run and for other control variables - openness and FDI- the result was almost same but for capital formation the result was positive. The study suggested taking proper steps so that these variables can be used as contributors to the economic development.
Sensitivity Analysis of Physiographic Parameters By Kinematic Wave Equation
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Abu Salek, Mr. Md.; Kalam Azad1, Muhammad Abul; Nayeem, Jannatun
Sensitivity analysis of physiographic parameters describes the system behavior in terms Of mathematical equations representing the relationships between system state, input And output. The channel flow routing and overland flow routing are depending on Different kind of flow parameters. In this paper, the channel flow routing and overland flow routing for different kind of channel and overland flow parameters are discussed. The computer program for flow routing is developed in Lahey ED Developer. The results showed that the sensitivity of physiographic parameters through lumped kinematics wave models and found that the overland roughness and overland slope are more sensitive than other physiographic parameters of overland and channel flows.
Forecasting Estimated Gram Crops in Rainfed Agriculture of Bangladesh
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Rahman, M. Sayedur; Farhana, Shila
Sustainability of the cereal based cropping systems has become a critical issue for agriculture in Bangladesh. Pulses play an important role for sustainability of cereal Based cropping systems through biological nitrogen fixation in the soil. They are also important for the nutritional security of the people, especially the children and the lactating women. Pulses are important sources of protein to the diet in Bangladesh and also improve soil quality. Pulses are the best supplements for cereals. Results in this study are derived from pulses (gram) production in ten districts namely Faridpur, Dhaka, Mymensingh, Barisal, Jessore, Khulna, Kushtia, Dinajpur, Pabna and Rajshahi district. The overall growth of gram in the ten districts over time was not uniform. On Average of entire period, gram supply has been declining at sharply. Thus, there is a considerable lag between the introduction of advanced technology and the time when it is in general use and generally has been adapted to the peculiarities of the local environment. The declining rate increases, which indicates that the main cause is adequate environmental resources, although in some areas specific agricultural policies and practices may also, contribute. Pulses or legumes in general must be incorporated, only to complement these systems and not considered as competing crops to any of the components of these systems. This policy will just invigorate the exhausted soil and ensure national food security of the poor people of Bangladesh at least for protein.
Competitive Factor Analysis of Global Readymade Garment Business In Bangladesh
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Azad, Md. Rafique
At present Readymade Garment (RMG) is the leading industry and one of the leading exporters in Bangladesh. It needs limited financial investment and relative simple technology compared to other high-tech industries. In this study, the author has identified the competitive factors in the global market of RMG business. For finding the most influential competitive factors, the author has collected primary data and used semi-structured questionnaire for the purpose of interview to the respondents. 120 respondents have been selected with probably proportion to size (PPS) for interview. Factor analysis technique has been used in this study. The complexity of intercorrelations among the responses led to the use analysis techniques to probe the relation ship among the responses. Principal factor analysis seeks to explain the intercorrelations between variables with as small number of common factors as possible and extracts the maximum amount of variance due to each factor at each stage. Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) package has been used for the data analysis of the study. The findings of this study indicated that price; quality and lead-time are the very influential factors in the global RMG business
Economic Emancipation of The SAARC Countries: Lessons from ASEAN
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Rabbani Mondol, A.K.M. Golam; Azad, Md. Rafique
The paper attempts to highlight the ways and the different strategies in which the SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) countries can attain economic emancipation by taking lessons from ASEAN (Association of South Asian Nations), a regional body of some East Asian countries. ASEAN came out to be a very successful forum, which was formed to accelerate the economic growth and social development to raise the living standards of their people. Members of the ASEAN, to be noted here, were economically lagging behind the countries of this sub-continent even in mid- sixties. By moving speedily and steadily with integrated endeavourer, ASEAN countries became the fastest growing economic region of the world. For example, having started roughly on similar per capita income, Singapore, after three decades, enjoys about eighty five times higher than Bangladeshi per capita income. The paper will, then, delve into ASEAN’s economic arena and find out how they succeeded. Dwelling briefly on the genesis of SAARC, this paper will ascertain the causes of failures of this body and explore the ways and means it can replicate ASEAN’s successes in its quest for economic emancipation so as to emerget as an Asian economic powerhouse.
Students’ Performance in Higher Education: A Case Study on Eastern University
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Anwar Pasha, Syed Habib
Higher education builds efficient human resources, which advances a nation from all Spheres. However, performance of students is significant as it indicates their ability to lead an organization. The objective of this study is to find out impact of past academic results, demographics and geographic factors on BBA result. Three hundred undergraduate students of faculty of Business Administration in Eastern University have been selected as respondent. Data were reduced in appropriate modeling analysis in SPSS software and stepwise multiple regression method was applied. Results showed that SSC result has positive impact on BBA result and Contribution in BBA result from both SSC and HSC, Contribution in result from HSC to BBA, Contribution in result from SSC to HSC, Students who come from Dhaka, and Gap from HSC to BBA have negative impact on BBA result. This study will help policymakers of universities to improve BBA result precisely.
The Bee Poems: Plath’s Desire to Recover a Self
(Eastern University, 2009-07-01) Islam, Atiqul; Mamun, Md. Muntasir
Plath wrote five Bee poems which were titled “Bees” and conceived of as a sequence in October 1962. They are unified by their subject matter, bees and beekeeping, and by their five line stanza pattern, though each poem works in its own unique variation of the general theme and form. They reveal a concern with self-assessment and redefinition, both personally and poetically and proceed by scrutinizing relationship between the speaker and her world. The sequence moves from community to solitude as the speaker settles her relations with others and with her own former selves. This research article aims to read the Bee poems as a parable of female self-assertion or narrative rite of rebirth, affirming the integrity of the creative self, and thus furnishing an alternative, more hopeful ending for Plath’s career.