Dissertations/Theses - Department of Industrial and Production Engineering

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A first order reliability analysis method under random, fuzzy and interval uncertainty
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), BUET, 2024-03-23) MAHMUD, FAISAL; Zaman, Dr. AKM Kais Bin
As engineering systems become increasingly complex, it is imperative to comprehend and mitigate the influence of uncertainty in reliability analysis. This is essential to ensure the safety and reliability of systems, underscoring the need for a thorough understanding and proactive management of uncertainty in the analysis process. Uncertainty in reliability analysis can be mainly of two types: aleatory uncertainty, which is the inherent randomness of the system, and epistemic uncertainty, which arises due to a lack of knowledge. Traditionally, reliability analysis has focused mostly on aleatory uncertainty, with little consideration given to approaches that successfully include both aleatory and epistemic uncertainties in reliability analysis. With the rapid development of reliability theory, there has been a growing volume of work on how to integrate both of these uncertainties into a reliability analysis framework. However, there have been very few works that have considered hybrid epistemic uncertainty in reliability analysis, and the computational burden of those methods is very high. To overcome these issues, this thesis presents a simultaneous application of interval variables and fuzzy variables to accurately depict epistemic uncertain parameters in reliability analysis. A dual-stage, first-order reliability analysis framework under random, interval, and fuzzy uncertainty has been proposed in this thesis by integrating probability theory and fuzzy set theory. In this thesis, probability distributions are used to model random variables, capturing the inherent stochastic nature of the system, while interval uncertainty is modeled using the worst-case maximum likelihood approach. In addition, fuzzy set theory is utilized to address ambiguity and vagueness, using fuzzy membership functions (FMF) to represent the related uncertainty. This proposed method is a two-stage reliability assessment procedure where, in the first stage, the most probable point is determined using the improved Hasofer-Lind-Rackwitz-Fiessler(iHLRF) method, while the second stage focuses on determining the optimum responses of the performance function. This computational model calculates the maximum and minimum probability of failure for performance functions in the second stage. The effectiveness and feasibility of this proposed approach are shown through the utilization of one mathematical and two engineering problems.
Accuracy test of lathe machine and their development in Bangladesh
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2004-03) Helal Uddin Ahmed; Masud, Dr. A.K. M.
Most of the lathe machines in Bangladesh are not go through the generalized regular accuracy tests. Thus they are not as much as accurate as the manufacturing specification. Because, these lathe machine are not property maintained. To check the accuracy of the exiting machme lools in different area of Bangladesh. We select most common and widely used lathe machine under investigation. Then we select some lathe machine in different geographical location of Bangladesh. Some of them are very old, some are new and some are from different country of origin. Some suitable accuracy test was develop to check the accuracy of the exiting lathe machines. Bed straightness and machining accuracy were measured for different lathe machines. The results are compared with different lathes. According to result it is found that each machine are required proper maintenance to run with high accuracy.
Aggregate production plan based on a neural network forecasting model for premium grocery items in Bangladesh
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering(IPE), BUET, 2018-09-22) Syeda Kumrun Nahar; Shuva Ghosh, Dr.
Demand fluctuation, shorter shelf life, and business competition make the grocery market one of the most vulnerable markets. In-order to overcome this situation, accurate demand forecasting is essential. Considering current situation, this study aims to develop a forecasting model considering the factors that influence the demand for premium grocery items in Bangladesh and also develop an optimized aggregate model considering the forecasted demand. The model is developed for two premium grocery items. In order to identify the factors, a structured questionnaire based survey has been conducted. From the survey, 12 factors are identified that influence demand. The most influencing factors are identified by using factor analysis. The factors are price, per capita income, and number of competitors, market share, product quality, product availability, seasonal variations, festival season, and promotional activities. Considering these factors, a feed- forward neural network forecasting model with the back-propagation algorithm is prepared. The selected factors are used as input for the model and demand data including the factors that have collected and used as input. Two years of data have used to train the model. Using the model, future 12 months demand is calculated. The model is developed for two premium grocery items. Based on the result, an optimized aggregate plan is developed.
Aggregate production planning for batch-oriented discrete manufacturing system integration with forecasting
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, 2017-12-11) Karmaker, Chitra Lekha; Hasin, Dr. M. Ahsan Akhtar
Aggregate Production Planning (APP) involves the determination of company’s optimal production, inventory and employment levels with a given set of resources and constraints. Forecasted demand of products is one of the important inputs of APP and a more justified as well as realistic forecasting technique for prediction of market demand is very crucial for reducing unnecessary inventories, smoothing the production plan etc. Usually in APP process, economic planners of most of the manufacturing companies in Bangladesh use subjective and intuitive judgments to estimate future demand which leads the result to infeasibility or decreased performance. Nevertheless, aggregate plan is the basis of subsequent plan, and thus, accuracy in it leads to proportionate accuracy in master production schedule (MPS) and material requirements plan (MRP). This study develops a decision support model for multi-period multi-product aggregate production planning integration with forecasting technique aiming at minimizing the total relevant cost considering projected demand, production capacity and work forces, inventory control, backorder, and wastage reduction. In this study, different time series forecasting models are applied on the historical data of two product groups (Hooded jacket, Ladies cardigan). Then, error levels are compared with those obtained by subjective and intuitive judgements (company’s current practice). It is found that winter’s additive method and Holt’s method provide lower forecast errors for hooded jacket and ladies cardigan respectively. A multi-period multi-product mathematical model for APP problem is formulated which is solved by Linear Programming (LP) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) approaches. Finally, the results drawn from two different approaches are compared with company’s current production plan in terms of total cost to evaluate the best one for a situational APP decision. According to cost minimization objective of APP, linear programming seems to be satisfactory than genetic algorithm and company’s current practice. Practically, for simple linear optimization problems, linear programming (LP) approach is suitable to provide better result. The proposed framework is effective and easy to implement in practical management and supply chain systems. So, this study can be the roadmap for manufacturers as well as planners to minimize total cost.
Analysis and development of a framework for selected functions of quality and productivity in an apparel company
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2008-03) Nurur Rahman, Md.; Hasin, Dr. M. Ahsan Akhtar
To inerease thc productivity of quality products is the main target of an apparel company. There arc many problems in apparel company v,'hich hinder the higher productivity. Unskilled ",orkcrs, absence of regular training of workers, absence of engineering knowledge and engineering management, "hieh are directly related to production and the di,inelination of higher authority to implement the engineering management and engineering tools to increase productivity, are the main obstacles in production sector of upparel c{)mpany. Irrelevant persons, who are placed in relevant place to control production, think that daily production rale can be easily increased by their stubbornness, \\ihimsicality and exercising of power "ver workers. In this thesi" an experimental investigation has been carried out to find out the factors which directly eontrollhe productivity, During the investigation allention is eonee[ltrated on how Time Study, W\1rker Rating, Method Study and Line llalanee influence the dail" production rale. It has been found that if regularly Time Study, Worker Hating, Method Sludy and Line Balance is conlinued and these results are properly implemented then daily production rate increases up to a satisfactory level with the same efficient workers, same machineries and same technical fucilities. It is also found that implementations of lhcse engineering tools not only increase produdivity but also decrease defects rute of products, fatigue of workers and opporlunity I"ss.
Analysis of barriers in implementing green supply chain management in plastic industry
(Department of Industrial Production Engineering, 2018-03-05) Rahman, Towfique; Ali, Dr. Syed Mithun
Researchers and practitioners have given much importance to green supply chain management (GSCM), an interdisciplinary field, as a proactive approach to accelerate awareness and mitigate environmental impacts. Understanding and application of various sustainability practices into traditional supply chain management and relating them to environmental issues and performance have been heavily scrutinized in the last couple of years. Ecological sustainability initiatives are gaining popularity as a result of increasing environmental problems, competitive advantages, legislative bindings, international pressures, financial benefits and societal issues. Due to the increased pressures from various advocacy groups and governments for firms to mitigate environment impacts from their supply chains, companies have started incorporating green initiatives into their supply chains. Yet, there are some difficulties faced by some companies especially those in the plastic industry of Bangladesh to implement GSCM. This study therefore attempted to examine the barriers to implementing GSCM in the plastic industry of Bangladesh. The study used a combination of literature review and opinions of some selected managers from the plastic industry of Bangladesh to identify four main-barriers and twenty-five sub-barriers relevant to GSCM implementation, and proposed four alternative action plans to help mitigate these barriers.Fuzzy-VIKOR approach was applied to aid in the evaluation of the barriers and action plans in the plastic industry of Bangladesh. The findings of the study shows that, the order/rank of intensity and severity of the main-barriers to implementing GSCM initiatives in the plastic industry of Bangladesh are as follows: “inadequate knowledge and support”, “insufficient technology and infrastructure”, “financial constraints” and “unsupportive organizational and operational policies”. The results also show the rankings of the sub-barriers under each mainbarrier and that of the four alternative action plans for the smooth implementation of GSCM practices. This study can provide managers with a better understanding of the barriers to implementing GSCM practices and insights for developing strategies for implementing GSCM practices in the plastic industry of Bangladesh.
Analysis of barriers to green supply chain management implementation in leather industry: a case study
(Department of Industrial Production Engineering, 2017-11-14) Uddin, Md. Shaif; Ali, Dr. Syed Mithun
Leather processing industry is constantly polluting the environment in Bangladesh. As a result, stakeholders are continuously pressurizing managers working in leather processing industry to green leather processing activities. Thus, green concept is attracting significant attention to managers in Bangladeshi leather processing industry. The managers have toiled hard to execute the green idea in their supply chain management. However, the industry is struggling with many barriers to implementing green supply chain management (GSCM). This thesis entails the identification and prioritization of barriers and ranking the possible pathways to implement GSCM in Bangladeshi leather industry. Both from the reviews of analysts and literature, twelve barriers in four dimensions are identified. This thesis proposes a hybrid approach named analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and elimination et choix traduisant la realite (ELECTRE-I). AHP was used to calculate the weight and prioritize the barriers. ELECTRE-I was employed to rank the possible pathways to implement GSCM. We present an illustrative case to show the usefulness and validity of the proposed approach. A sensitivity analysis was done to investigate the strength of the outcome of the method. In this research, technology dimension has been occupied as first ranking and high cost of advanced technology was identified as most influential barrier. Green technology and techniques has been found as the most effective pathways. The findings of this research is hoped to support researchers and practitioners by giving insights on barriers and possible pathways to implement GSCM.
Analysis of furniture manufacturing processes and product-mix in terms of profitability: a case study in Otobi
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2005-03) Showkat Kamal, Md.; Hasin, Dr. M. Ahsan Akhtar
The worW around us is always changing with respect to the demand urIbe em. The demand of this era is nothing but the improvement; improvement ;n every aspect. Nowaday we don't satisfY ourselves by a particular improvement; rather we want our whole system improve,l Indll.'ltry is one of the major futon; of our system improvement. By ensuring the quality, improving new techniques and increasing profitability we can achieve a dream industry. Presently the engmeenng and the managers of the industria! concerns arc under constant pressure of time, cost and quality of produels and services. The research and development of a product, it's manufacturing and marketing have 10be achieved within a short period. TIe main objectives of this research work are to have a comprehensive idea of a t}pical Jllllllufacturingsystem and to establish a mathematical linear programming model to solve any typical problems oflhe manufacturing indllStrics. We hope that a case study in Otobi have t
Analysis of leather processing needs of small tanneries and probability of common finishing facilities center
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2003-10) Roy, Uttam Kumar; Dhar, Dr. Nikhil Ranjan
For abstracts please see full text
Analysis of operational hazards in heavy fuel oil-based power plants: a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making approach
(Department of Industrial & Production Engineering (IPE)., 2022-09-14) Siraj, Md. Tanvir; Bari, Dr.A. B. M. Mainul
Hazard identification and prioritization practices are very important for power plants to continue their operations without disruption. Systematic operational hazard analysis is not a very common practice at the Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) based power plants in Bangladesh. Hence, a structured hazard evaluation framework can greatly benefit them to ensure their operational safety. This study has been conducted to identify and prioritize the operational hazards of the HFO-based power plants through using a hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach in a fuzzy environment, and then, to explore the appropriate mitigation methods for the top-ranked hazards and to find the interrelationships that exist among the mitigation methods. First, the most common hazards in HFO-based power plants have been identified from the expert feedbacks. Then, a fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) method has been used to determine the weights of the evaluation criteria and a fuzzy technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (FTOPSIS) method, has been used for the final ranking of the potential hazards. Afterwards, mitigation methods for the top 25 hazards have been identified and interrelationship among those mitigation methods has been explored through using interpretive structural modelling (ISM) and a matriced impacts croisés multiplication appliquée à un classement (MICMAC) analysis. The study finds that ‘explosion of high-pressure steam drum of the gas boiler’, ‘crankcase explosion and fire hazard due to oil pressure rise’ and ‘explosion of the compressed air reservoir’ are the top three hazards in the hazard ranking. ‘Standard operating procedure (SOP) and training’ have been found to be the most driving mitigation methods for the top-ranked hazards based on the ISM-MICMAC analysis. The findings of this study are expected to provide the managers of power plants with valuable insights, which can help them to prepare sustainable operational strategies to ensure the least hazardous work environment.
Analysis of overall equipment efficiency (OEE) of knitting machine varying different operating parameters
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2013-09) Hosain Reza, Mohammad; Masud, Dr. A. K. M.
Overall Equipment Efficiency (OEE) is a tool of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). Total Productive Maintenance is a plant wide maintenance program, which involves a newly defined concept for maintaining plants and equipment for its entire life span. The goal of TPM is to maximize Overall Equipment Efficiency by increasing production while at the same time, increasing employee morale and job satisfaction. It evaluates efficiency not only in respect of productivity. It takes into account all the basic three components of production: availability, performance and quality to calculate the OEE. All the three components must have higher values, to obtain a higher value of OEE, Garments and Textile industries have already proven its place in the economy of Bangladesh. Most of the industries are private owned and working separately from each other. Though a tremendous success this sector is running with a lot of problem especially during balancing their productivity and working conditions. Like all other industries, this sector also looking for higher profit. It is a simple calculation that if we increase speed with in a limit the productivity of the machine increases. But in this research work it has been analyzed that higher figure for OEE cannot be always considered for a wise decision. This thesis work analyses the OEE of knitting machine to obtain a better environment of knitting section.
Analysis of performance and development of quality improvement plan for new BTS (Base transceiver station) of a mobile operator in Bangladesh
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2008-09) Saharul Habib, Gazi; Hasin, Dr. M. Ahsan Akhtar
GrameenPhonc LId, Is the largest mobIle phone operator in Bangladesh with more than 20 fiLHian ,ub,criber, and around 12000 Base Slations at 6000 locations all over the country? The quality of (he network is largely depends upon the ~uality of:-lcwly on Air sites. With the huge implementation pace the quality of newly on Air ,ite' are creating some COncerns, Aller gelling on Air ofa site it pa>se, through Stability P~'Tiodfor allcast n hours, During this period the base Station is checked for (wo important quality parameters ". reM quality & Cell quality. A good quall!Y site musl pass lhe,e parameters, My focus in this the.i. is to improve the quality of ncV. 1)' 011Aired siles, In this the,i" I studied & analyze lhe overall plan1l1ng, Implementation and "cceplancc process. I studied STP data & TR feedback & de,elop slalislieal Process conlrol system using Control Chm, Pareto analysis, Cause-Effect diagram. I identify lhe rool cauSe~ of differenl kind, of problems those are responsible for poor quality and prOVidesuggestion for lbe soluli[)ns, Overall I develop a model for quailly improvement keeping lhe roll oul paee on going.
Analysis of supply chain risk in ceramic industry: a case study
(Department of Industrial Production Engineering, 2018-04-16) Al- Zubayer, Md. Abdullah; Ali, Dr. Syed Mithun
Risk management has emerged as an important issue in managing supply chain effectively in the presence of uncertainties that result from unexpected variations along the supply chain. Assessing and managing supply chain risk are getting significant attention to practitioners and academics. At present, the ceramic industry of Bangladesh is growing. Thus, managers in the ceramic industry need to properly assess supply chain risks in order to mitigate them. This thesis identifies and analyzes various supply chain risks occurring in a ceramic factory of Bangladesh. A model is proposed based on technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and fuzzy-TOPSIS method for evaluating supply chain risks. Twenty supply chain risks factors were identified through an extensive literature review and consulting with experts from the ceramic factory. TOPSIS and fuzzy-TOPSIS contributed to the analysis and assessment of those risks. Sensitivity analysis was performed to understand the stability of ranking of risks. The result of this research indicates that lack of operational quality, lack of material quality and damage in inventory risks are the major risks. The outcome of this research is expected to assist industrial managers and practitioners in the ceramic sector to take proactive actions to minimize supply chain risks.
Analysis of the impact of worker fatigue on productivity for apparel industry: a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2009-02-18) Mahbubur Rahman, Md.; Ahmad, Dr. Nafis
lmprm ing prodLlCllVity" th~ mal~ concern of an appalel companie.\ There are many pmblcms in apparel companies Wh,~h ubstacle the higher productivity_ Unskilled workers. physical fatigue from extended working hour wilhout re,t, ml;placcmcnt of worker at wori:<;(ation, lack or training, ab<;ence of engmeenng knowledge and engme~nng management to utiii7,e optJlllUITIefficiency ofworkcL which are directly related to production Lack of interest of higher au!holily to implemenl the engineering management and technique 10 increale productivity llnpeut to accelerate the l'r()d\l~l1viIJ in apparel indu,tl)'. As the ovcJa1J daily performance of each wOlker is nOl ,arne and the change 111lheir performance defer f,-om one ",'orker to another worker In this dlCsis. a study has been eurned Olltto TLndOlltthe effect offatigue on productivity and to form a framework to Improve the productivity based on the overall performance of worken During lhe investigation attention is concentrated on how physical raligue of worker, innL1en~e, the daily production rate and way to l)ptimiLe lile produelivlly 01 apparel mdu,lne" It ha;; been r(lLlJldIhat ir perrormaute 0 r worker~ me observed reglll uriy aTldIhe~e re,ult, are properly lmplemented then d~liy production rate mcrea:,e up to a satisfactory level with the same efficient workers. same machineries and same technical racilities Even d'phY~lCal f~tlglle eX;,I>, 10" due 10j~tigue can be reduced to a remarkable label
Analysis of the strategic management issues in private universities of Bangladesh
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2005-01) Abu Zafar Md. Rashed Osman; Hasin, Dr. M. Ahsan Akhtar
An Analy,is of tILeStrategic Management I.,"e, in Private Uni-cr,ilies of Bangladesh Bangladesh is a densely populated country with population of ahout 130 million, The demand for higher cdUCa!lOnis large and is Increasing day by day. But the number of seals at the public universities is very limlled. Therefore, huge number of students remains away from admission in the higher ed\lc~tion instillilions and human capital is not converting into human resources. To overcome this dire Situation of higher education enrollment, the Government of Bangladesh passed a Bill of Private Universities in Bangladesh. Under this Private University Act in 1992, 53 private universities an; operating in the country. Recently. quality of education in private university has become the burning iSSlleof higher education. To meet the qllality in education. the writer has emphasized on several strategic management issues which university should pursue to remain cornpetlti'-e and to sustain in the eompetltive market. These are: (1) Quality Education Strategy (ii) Teaching & Learning Stralegy (iii) Quality Function Deployment (iv) Human Resource Development Strategy (v) Marketing Strategy (vi) Quality of Research & Education Strategy and (vii) ISO 9000 in Highcr Education. Quality Education Strategy focuscs Oil cllt'ricuhnTI, libral)' faCilities, equity, foreign academic collaboration, credlt hour system, awards, industrial attachment etc. Teaching and Learning Strategy focus 0 n class-room 1eetmes, s imlllation exercise, homework & quiz, visual aid, model test, study tour, tcacher'~ evaluation etc. Quality FunctIOn Deplo}TI1entfocuses on customer (student) expectations, often referred to as the voice of the customer. It is a planning tool used to fulfill student expcctations. Human Resource Strategy focuses on recmitment, trainmg and development, appraisal, and promotion of emplQyees. Marketing Strategy focuses on relationship marketing amI theories of marketing in higher edueation_ Quality of Research & Education Strategy focuses on nation system for quality education and internal system for education quality management. lSO 9000 Strategy basically deseribcs how its various elements can be fitted and eontrihnted towards quality education in private um versitics' settings.
Analytical and experimental investigation of effects of high-pressure coolant on tool wear, tool life and surface roughness in turning steel
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2007-04) Tanveer Ahmed, Md.; Dhar, Dr. Nikhil Ranjan
Manufacturing quality products at a higher rate and low cost is the key to exist and sustain in the modem era of cut-throat competition. To do that, , machining is practised at extreme conditions. As part of this approach, high speed machining is adopted. However, high speed machining is inherently associated with generation of intense heat and cutting temperature at the cutting zone resulting increased tool wear and deterioration of machined surface. New methods are being explored to reduce the heal. Application of high-pressure coolant is perceived to be a superior choice in this regard. Technological beneficial effects of proper high-pressure coolant on machining already been established in number of previous investigations Surface roughness is a determinant of product quality and reduction of tool wear and consequent increase of toollne can reduce the machining cost .• However, estimation of these two machining performance parameters can contribute to manufacturing optimization and planning. Mathematicai models are instrumental to predict machining performance at different machining combinations, Response surface method is adopted to develop statistical models of tool life and surface roughness. Cutting speed and feed rate are the independent variables of the models. As part of this method, based on the experimental results of turning medium carbon steel statistically designed speed-feed combination by uncoated carbide insert using high-pressure coolant jet, regression analysis will be performed to determine the coefficients of the model followed by analysis of variance to check the adequacy of the model.The models are expected to quantify machining performance in terms oftoollife and surface roughness at various cutting speed and feed.
Analytical modeling of cutting force and cutting temperature in turning steel under cryogenic cooling condition
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2013-12) Ahsan Habib, Md.; Dhar, Dr. Nikhil Ranjan
In the machining operation the energy dissipated is converted into heat which raises the temperature in the cutting zone. The increase of cutting temperature results tool wear, surface roughness, dimensional inaccuracy significantly. Not only is the cutting temperature, cutting force also increases with tool wear which results the increase of power and specific energy consumption. The cutting temperature restrains productivity, quality and hence machining economy, can be controlled by the application of cutting fluid. But conventional cutting fluids are ineffective to control the temperature in maximum cutting zones. So cryogenic cooling is environmental friendly new approach to control the temperature desirably. Cryogenics is the study of the production of very low temperature (-196°C) and the behavior of materials at that temperature. The physical behavior during metal cutting has been changed because of cutting condition, cutting environment and work/tool material. The aim of the present work is to investigate the role of cryogenic cooling on the formation of chip, cutting temperature and force and then develop analytical model for cutting temperature and force in turning 42CrMo4 steel under cryogenic cooling condition. The m.files of matlab has been used to determine the modeled value of cutting force and cutting temperature under cryogenic cooling condition. From an economic viewpoint, it is evident that having knowledge about the machining responses such as, cutting forces, cutting temperature and work piece surface integrity at different cutting conditions would be highly desirable as a means of realizing cost savings, increased productivity, efficiency and for preventing any hazard occurring to the machine, cutting tool or the deterioration of the quality.
Analyzing the challenges to mitigate traffic congestion in densely populated cities: implications for efficient urban planning and sustainability
(Department of Industrial & Production Engineering,(IPE), BUET, 2024-03-24) Fahim Bin Alam, Md.; Bari, Dr. A. B. M Mainul
Traffic congestion (TC) disrupts everyday life, elevating stress levels, extending commute durations, diminishing productivity, and reducing overall quality of life. Due to extended stress and pollutant exposure, TC causes environmental degradation through air pollution, fuel inefficiency, company losses, and increased health risks. Congestion exacerbates already-existing problems in densely populated places by taxing the little infrastructure, reducing productivity, and disrupting supply networks. Urban planning is made more difficult by the residents' lower accessibility and higher levels of distress. Reducing traffic is essential to creating sustainable, livable communities, which calls for creative ways to handle expanding populations while minimizing negative impacts on the environment, economy, and public health. Therefore, this study employs a combined method for multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM), integrating the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique with the interval-valued Pythagorean Fuzzy (IVPF) theory to pinpoint, rank, and analyze the relationships between the challenges impacting the mitigation of TC, with an emphasis on densely populated urban areas like Dhaka. At the outset, 18 (eighteen) challenges were identified through a review of existing literature. Following expert validation, 16 (sixteen) challenges were chosen for analysis utilizing the IVPF DEMATEL method. The findings of the study show that the three major challenges to TC mitigation are “Lack of efficient coordination and management of traffic signals”, “Insufficient choices for public transportation”, and “Lack of integration of advanced data analytics and IoT-based technologies”. The anticipated impact of this study lies in its substantial contribution to future innovation and development in urban planning. By aiding policymakers, urban planners, and stakeholders in formulating long-term strategies through strategic decision-making, the study aims to alleviate severe TC, particularly in densely populated cities. and bring about positive changes in the urban planning sector.
Application of analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for contractor evaluation in project management: a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, BUET, 2008-08-05) Mahmudur Rahman, A. S. M.; Azeem, Dr. Abdullahil
At present, in Bangladesh, most of the companies arc using two step evaluation methods for awarding contracts to contractors for large construction projects. In the first step of this method, screenings of contractors arc done on simple pass fail basis. They must go through this step to be eligible for the second phase. A simple kind of weighted sum model (WSM) is used here for this decision making. The choice of selection criteria and their weights are dependent on the subjective judgment of the project owner. A thresh-hold value is fixed by the owner and a simple pass-fail method is used. Those contractors crossing this threshold value are qualified for going into the second phase. This first step is also known as prequalifieation evaluation of contractors and it ensures that only fimls with adequate experience, resources, qualifications and expertise are selected to tender. The problem with this method is deciding the weight of the respective criteria, something for which AHP does provide a better solution. In the second step, pre qualified contractors from the first step are assessed of their capacity in more detail. This assessment is performed to ensure adequate, experience; resources, qualifications and expertise available exist in the selected firm. Then the lowest qualified bidder is awarded with the contract. The new challenge in the field of Project Management may be considered like dealing with the number of alternatives that have grown dramatically over the last few decades. Managers have to deal more with conflicting goals nowadays. In case of construction projects, selecting the best contractor among many contractors may be considered as one of this particular type. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is an efficient tool for dealing with these .types of multi-criteria decision making problems. AI-IP is famous for its ability to incorporate both the quantitative and qualitative factors simultaneously. In this presented paper, a case study about subcontractor prequalifieation evaluation (an evaluation problem) has been performed using the traditional approach and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Later, sensitivity analysis was carried out by changing the comparison matrix to show the greater capability and flexibility of AI-IP over traditional approach.
Application of DMAIC methodology for increasing total quality in ready-made garment
(Department of Industrial & Production Engineering, BUET, 2023-08-19) Shafiullah Shuvo, Md.; Ferdous Sarwar, Dr.
The economy of the world is changing rapidly. Bangladesh is no exception in this case. Moreover, most of the economy of Bangladesh relies on the Ready-made garment (RMG) sector at this moment. So it is very important to stay competitive in the global market. To maintain sustainable economic growth and compete in the global market, the resources need to be utilized precisely. To do this, reaching the required quality in every product is a must. Again, it is mandatory for an industry to maximize profit margin and minimize the production cost to survive in the global business arena. But rejected or defective garments are the main barrier. Considering this issue, defect minimizationby applying DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) methodology in a private garments factoryis the prime objective of this research. Especially, sewing defects were identified and analyzed here. Several tools such as Flow chart, SIPOC (Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customers), Quality Function Deployment(QFD) were applied to get better visualization of the present state of the factory. Then most occurring defects were detected by performing Pareto chart. It showed that six types of defects were responsible for 70% of the total defects. Furthermore, the root causes of these major defects were found out by applying cause and effect diagram. In the end, the severity among these major defects were identified by using Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) technique and provided some action plans to prevent these defects.The suggestions were made based on brainstorming and the previous job experience and also got ideas from the experts from different areas of textile and ready-made garment factory. By using this method, a noticeable improvement in the sewing department can be achieved. The lower the defect rate in production, the higher the profit will be guaranteed, which will provide the organization a competitive advantage in the worldwide market. To find out the main problems and provide solutions based on those problems, DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control) is the most organized and systematic method. Besides,using and understanding the procedure of the DMAIC methodisrelatively simple and easy.