Dissertations/Theses - Department of Industrial and Production Engineering

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Development of a customized MIS software for Credit Risk Grading (CRG) to assess loan portfolio
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2012-09) Shibli Kaysar, Mohammad; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Risk is inherent in all aspects of a commercial operation, however for Banks and financial institutions, credit risk is an essential factor that needs to be managed. Credit risk is the possibility that a borrower or counter party will fail to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed terms. Credit risk, therefore, arises from the bank's dealings with or lending to corporate, individuals, and other banks or financial institutions. Credit risk management needs to be a robust process that enables banks to proactively manage loan portfolios in order to minimize losses and earn an acceptable level of return for shareholders. Central to this is a comprehensive IT system, which should have the ability to capture all key customer data, risk management and transaction information. Currently almost all Banks in Bangladesh are computerized. Online banking system has been implemented in almost all the banks. In the field of assessing credit risk, no complete tool has been developed so far. Bankers uses spread sheet to calculate credit risk grading, which involves wastage of time, accurate grading may not be obtained and there is no way to store the credit risk record of a loan party. Banks should use a database management system to store party’s information from which Credit Risk Grading can be automatically calculated. Researches have been done to evolve Credit Risk Grading Model. Most popular Methods are external ratings approaches, financial statement analysis models, the Merton / KMV structural model, and the transition based models. Bangladesh has her own model prescribed by Bangladesh Bank. Research has been done in BUET in the area of principle, policies and guideline for sustainable credit risk management in Bangladesh. In today's environment of intense competitive pressures, volatile economic conditions, rising bankruptcies and defaults, and increasing levels of consumer & commercial debt, an organization's ability to effectively monitor & manage its credit risk could mean the difference between success and survival. Implementing the proposed system, advantage of a DBMS over file system can be achieved and access to information will be more user friendly.
Development of a multi-objective optimization model for unequal area facility layout problem
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, 2014-05) Tanveer Hossain Bhuiyan; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Facility layout problem is one of the most fundamental optimization problems encountered in today’s world since layout affects the overall operating efficiency of an organization. From the beginning of the facility layout literature, it has been a common trend to assume that the departments of a facility are of equal areas. But in reality departments are mostly unequal areas. Again, the earlier facility layout models considered only material transportation cost in designing optimal facility layout. Again, few recent works considered closeness preferences between the departments along with material handling cost in unequal-area facility layout model development. But one most important factor for customer satisfaction is makespan of the layout which was not taken in consideration. In this thesis work, three most important criteria in designing optimal facility layout has been considered which are material transportation cost, closeness rating score and makespan of the total layout. This multi-objective facility layout model has been developed for an unequal area facility layout problem. The goal of this thesis work is to determine the optimal arrangement as well as the optimal dimension of the departments by minimizing the material transportation cost, minimizing the makespan of the overall system and maximizing the total closeness rating score simultaneously. The constraint equations have been developed for non-overlapping of the departments, bounding the departments within the facility, department area constraints and aspect ratio constraints. Two suitable optimization algorithms: spatial branch and bound algorithm (sBB) and slicing tree structure embedded random weighted genetic algorithm (RWGA) are employed to optimize the constrained multi-objective mixed-integer nonlinear model. Two numerical examples and their solutions are then provided to have a better understanding about the demonstration of the proposed model. Finally sensitivity analysis is also carried out to have better insights about the model developed. It is found that, solutions found from both methods are pareto optimal and the proposed RWGA performs better in providing wide range of trade-off solutions. This model helps in developing an efficient layout for a facility by making a trade-off among material handling cost, closeness rating score and makespan.
Development of an inventory model for two suppliers with random capacity considering supply disruption
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2014-05) Imtiaz Ahmed; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
In today’s complex supply chain system supply disruptions due to occasional unavailability of raw materials or products pose serious consequences for firms and are thus of particular concern for strategic decision makers. Supply disruption occurs for diverse reasons including transportation problem, equipment failure, raw material shortages, natural calamities etc. If any of the above reasons occurs supplier may become unavailable at random times for random time length. The difficulty is that those who order do not know when supply shortages may start or end. Another important point to be noted is, from the beginning of the supply chain literature, it has been a common trend to assume that suppliers will always deliver the amount as ordered. But in reality in many cases suppliers may have random capacities which will lead to uncertain yield in orders. Again under random supplier capacities, the retailer should order from a number of suppliers in order to diversify the risk associated with shortages. The objective of this thesis is to develop an inventory model for two suppliers with random capacities considering supply disruption. A modified (Q, r) model is developed to tackle the problem of future supply uncertainty in response to the demand generated by Poisson process. The availability and unavailability of the suppliers is identified as respectively ON (0) and OFF (1) state whose lengths are treated as exponentially distributed and these states are modeled as four state CTMC (Continuous Time Markov Chain). Suppliers’ capacity is assumed to be exponentially distributed and diversification of order between them is considered when both of them are available. The transient probabilities of the four states CTMC is derived with the help of Kolmogorov forward equations and spectral theory. Concept from renewal reward process is used to identify the regenerative cycle and thereby develop average cost objective functions for two suppliers. Two suitable optimization algorithms are applied to search for the optimal values of the decision variables which are state dependent order quantities and reorder point to minimize the cost per unit time. A hypothetical example and its solution are then provided to have a better understanding about the demonstration of the proposed model. Finally sensitivity analysis is also carried out to have better insights about the model developed.
Economic design of Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart with variable Sampling Interval at Fixed Times (VSIFT) scheme incorporating taguchi loss function
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2014-04) Ineen Sultana; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Control charting is a graphical expression and operation of statistical hypothesis testing. Among various types of control chart Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart is an widely used one and highly useful for not only detecting small changes in process parameters, but also in individual observation The objective of this thesis is to develop an economic statistical design of the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) chart using variable sampling intervals with sampling at fixed times (VSIFT) control scheme considering preventive maintenance and Taguchi Loss function to determine the values of the seven test parameters of the chart (i.e., the sample size, the fixed sampling interval, the number of subintervals between two consecutive sampling times, the warning limit coefficient, the control limit coefficient, and exponential weight constant and the time interval of preventive maintenance) such that the expected total cost per hour is minimized. It is because the performance of a production system depends on the breakdown-free operation of equipment and processes. Maintenance and quality control play an important role in achieving this goal. In addition to deteriorating with time, equipment may experience a quality shift (process moves to out-of-control state), which is characterized by a higher rejection rate and a higher tendency to fail the target value. That’s why another prime concern of the thesis is to consider an integrated influence of joint optimization of preventive maintenance interval and control parameters incorporating the Taguchi Loss function in the design of EWMA control chart with VSIFT scheme. A mathematical model is given to analyze the cost of the integrated model before the optimization algorithm approach is used to find the optimal values of seven variables (n, h, w, k, η, L and tpm) that minimize the hourly cost. Nelder-Mead downhill simplex method and Genetic algorithm approaches are applied to search for the optimal values of the seven test parameters for the economic statistical design of VSIFT EWMA chart, and then a hypothetical example and its solution are provided to have a better understanding about the demonstration of the proposed model.
Effect of information and knowledge sharing on supply chain performance through supplier - buyer relationship
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2010-04) Abul Anam Rashed, Choudhury; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Supply chain is an integration of both tangible and intangible resources including material, information and capital. The material flow is focused in supply chain practice while information flow is focused in information sharing. The main concentration of supply chain in last decade was on material movement. Recently information sharing is attaining the concentration of the researchers. Majority of the research work has emphasized the individual effect of information and knowledge sharing on supply chain (specifically buyer) performance and the individual effect of information and knowledge sharing on buyer-supplier relationship. The combined effect of information and knowledge sharing needs to be analyzed. This paper aims to focus on the combined effect of information and knowledge sharing on supplier s performance through supplier-buyer relationship. A conceptual model was formulated based on previous literature. A questionnaire based survey was performed. The questionnaire was developed based on the previous literature and the expert opinion. Data from 30 Bangladeshi Readymade Garments Industry were collected through interview and mail survey. The content validity; construct validity, and reliability are tested by the literature review and in-depth interviews conducted with business executives and researchers, exploratory factor analysis and measuring internal consistency with Cronbach s alpha. Structural Equation Modeling is performed for the identification of the validity of the model. The results show that (1) effective information sharing enhances the effective knowledge sharing and (2) effective supplier-buyer partnership type relation improves the supplier s operational performance. The findings show that information sharing is a prerequisite for knowledge sharing and the close supplier-buyer relationship is a vital factor for escalating the supplier s operational performance.
Feasibility analysis of a textile project -a case study of a yarn dyed woven textile
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2011-09) Md. Abdullah Ibne Tozammal; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
According to the constitution of Bangladesh, the provision for basic necessities of life including food, clothing, shelter, education and medical care have been recognized as fundamental responsibility of state (Article 15). Thanks to Bangladesh textile and apparel industries for their contribution to fulfill one of these basic needs. RMG is our major export product. About 80% of foreign earnings come from RMG. Our national economy mostly depends upon this RMG sector. But it is a matter of great sorrow that this RMG sector depends upon foreign raw materials (fabric). This dependency may incur a great risk. In this thesis feasibility of a yarn dyed woven textile has been studied. In this regard, technical feasibility and financial feasibly have been performed. For the study of technical feasibility different technical aspects have been discussed, which includes civil construction, local and imported machinery, power consumption, raw materials production etc. For the study of financial feasibility cost of the project, means of finance, working capital assessment, annual planned production & estimated sales, cost of goods sold, raw material cost, salaries and wages, utility cost, projected income, break even analysis etc. have been calculated. From technical point of view the project is found feasible. From the analysis of IRR, NPV, Benefit Cost Ratio and Discounted Pay Back Period, it is found that the project is also financially feasible.
Feasibility study of a new rail - cum - road bridge construction on Chittagong - Cox,s bazar - Teknaf national highway
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2010-03) Zikrul Islam, Md.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
This Report deals basically with the feasibility study and evaluation of the project: A new Rail-cum-Road Bridge Construction on Chlttagong-Cox's Bazar-TeknafNational Highway. The main objective of the study focuses on feasibility analysis using equity indicators as well as efficiency indicators that will provide both financial and economic appraisal to check the viability of the project through application of a simplified multicriteria appraisal mechanism generally known as Project Appraisal Framework (PAF). Any government project need to be formulated under Project Appraisal Framework (PAF) as framed by GoB in May 2006. This is a decision making tool for investment projects . The PAF has .adopted two different indicators - one is equity .indicator whereas the other is the efficiency indicator. Equity indicators are intended to help in decision making such that the impact of any project towards more equitable distribution of project benefits is ensured across different income groups, regions, genders and also across generations. Economical and Financial evaluations are the components of efficiency appraisal of any project that seeks to determine whether the proposed project would be economically and financially viable The whole report comprises eight chapters in addition to an annex indicating the location of the project bridge in the map and photo of existing Bridge. The background and description of the project have been presented in the chapter-1. Detailed appraisal of the project in accordance with PAF indicators as well as traffic volume analysis are done in chapter 2-6. The appraisal summary table (AST) containing interpretation of the study results is furnished in the chapter -7. As per the study the project is strongly viable both from socio-economic and transport efficiency points of view and is therefore recommended for implementation as soon as fund is available.
Forecasting of inflation in Bangladesh using ARIMA and ANN models
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2013-06) Rumana Hossain; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
This study is to investigate forecasts of Bangladesh’s inflation by the linear forecasting method like Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Neural Network (NN) model as Nonlinear Autoregressive network with exogenous inputs (NARX). Inflation forecast is used as guide in the formulation of the monetary policy by the money policy makers worldwide. Monetary policy decisions are based on inflation forecast extracted from the information from different models and other indicators, which influence the macroeconomics conditions of the economy. ARIMA method is an extrapolation method for forecasting, based on probability theory and statistical analysis with a certainty of distributions assumed in advance and like any other such methods, it requires only the historical time series data for the variable under forecasting. Five different plausible ARIMA estimated models are selected by various diagnostic and selection & evaluation criteria. On the basis of in sample and out of sample forecast and forecast evaluation statistics two candid models among the five models which have sufficient predictive powers and the findings are well compared to the other models are proposed. Artificial neural network (ANN) models are data-driven self- adaptive methods in that there are few a priori assumptions about the models for problems under study. An ANN model is developed to forecast the inflation of Bangladesh as a function of its own previous value. The model selects a feed-forward back-propagation ANN with the input of previous inflation and an exogenous variable of exchange rate, five hidden neurons and one output as the optimum network. The model is tested with actual time series data of inflation in case of Bangladesh and forecast evaluation criteria. The forecast performance of the ANN model is compared with ARIMA based model and observed that RMSE of ANN based forecasts is much less than the RMSE of forecasts based on ARIMA models. So it can be said that forecasting of inflation with ANN offers better performance in comparison with ARIMA methods.
Improvement of production line efficiency using process improvement techniques through Value Stream Mapping (VSM) - a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2012-03) Barai, Piyush Kanti; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Increasing manufacturing industry, shifting buyer demands, increasing variation in products and demand for perfect quality at competitive price with shortest lead time are the common difficulties faced by the manufacturers. Meeting competitive price with quality product & making very less profit is becoming the common practice of factory. In the competitive market place, most of the manufacturers tend to stay in business by optimizing the production cost through minimizing lead time and wastage of materials along with increasing employees’ effective skills rather than increasing prices. In this circumstance cost savings tools and techniques are becoming the most intelligent parts. The paper is on the study of productivity improvement tools and techniques and present situation of the industry. The current state value stream mapping identifies the waste happening in frequent manner. This map shows what will be the future state map what is the possible scope of improvement. The future state map shows the possible waste reduction by implementing process improvements, maximizing machine utilization & line balancing technique.
Incorporation of decision engine in electronic procurement model using fuzzy MCDM
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2012-12) Ashek-Al-Aziz, Md.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
In order to fulfill the right to information of Bangladeshi people, government has initiated A2I program promoting automation, informationization and transformationization which all are required for successful electronic procurement practice. Central Procurement Technical Unit (CPTU) has adopted the e-GP Access Model consists of the domain like General Public, Development Partners, Tendering Community, Evaluation Committee, Procuring Agencies, Payment Service Providers, Operations & Maintenance Partners, e-GP Administrator. This buyer centric model has been modified to e-Marketplace model also incorporating Decision Engine consists of few subsystems of Procurement Risk Identifier, Bidder Selector, Procurement Maturity Level Identifier and Anti Spyware which were absent in e-GP Access Model. Procurement Risk Identifier is developed based on Raymond J Madacy’s software procurement model where the attributes for procurement project risk are taken with some revision and fuzzy MCDM is applied for those risk attributes to determine the risk level. A risk mitigation algorithm is presented to mitigate the risk found. Beside, the Bidder Selector is outlined with revision of Foriborz Jolai’s model incorporating Price Break Model for considering quantity discount offer which was not found in Jolai model. Procurement maturity is another aspect for professional attitude for organizational and administrative practices. Measurement method for professional maturity in procurement practice is discussed with the application of fuzzy MCDM on the criteria derived by Stephen Guth and grading method is discussed with combining both Stephen Guth and Wilco Van Duinkerken scale of procurement maturity. Finally fuzzy MCDM results have been compared with normal AHP result for the same choice of preference used in the illustrations.
Inventory management of pre - fabricated building material - a case study of Settelmark Buildings Ltd.
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2010-09) Ahmed Hossain; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Inventory management has become an important activity for many companies. For making customer delivery fast and contain exactly what the customer ordered, proper inventory maintain is a must. Any type of industry which needs uninterrupted space and target of early production needs a pre-fab building. Various products are needed for the production of steel buildings and the main fields are related to textile, spinning, garments and all other industry related to ware house management. An effective forecasting have been done to find the requirement of products to meet the market demand and reaching to its customers to their satisfaction level. It is seen that most of the products are in increasing trend with some fluctuations in different months, which should be taken care of for ordering. Considering some of the main products, inventory classifications have been done for proper planning and scheduling of purchasing materials. This industry is sophisticated regarding the delivery schedule and on-time completion. It’s a dynamic process to keep the customers satisfy by maintaining a tight schedule. In this work effective inventory models have been developed for different classification that can help to compare with present costing and optimum inventory costing.
Lean conversion of an apparel assembly line: a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2012-04) Russel, S. M.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
To be competitive and meet ever increasing demand of apparel buyers to reduce cost, supply smaller quantity order at shorter lead time as well as increasing labor cost in the local market has forced the local manufacturers of Bangladesh to improve labor productivity, quality, to reduce lead time and produce small order quantity efficiently. Tools and techniques of Lean manufacturing may play an important role in their quest for meeting ever increasing demand of customers profitably. Lean manufacturing requires keeping far less than half the needed inventory on site, results in many fewer defects, and produces a greater and ever growing variety of products. Lean consists of best practices, tools and techniques from throughout industry with the aims of reducing waste and maximizing efficiency to achieve the ultimate customer satisfaction. The present study focuses on improving line efficiency, throughput time of an assembly line through identifying wastes using value stream mapping and other analyses, identifying opportunities for improvement and required tools and techniques of lean manufacturing and industrial engineering to implement. An assembly line in an apparel factory is considered to implement this study as well as line efficiency, throughput time, machine utilization, space utilization, WIP and other performance parameters are compared before and after implementing the tools and techniques of lean manufacturing and industrial engineering. Though outcomes of 5S and visual management are difficult to quantify, these tools are foundations for lean implementation.
Optimization of a demand uncertainty model considering consumers valuation and price sensitivity
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2013-07) Nafisa Mahbub; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
In today’s ever changing markets, maintaining an efficient and flexible supply chain is critical for every enterprise, especially given the prevailing volatilities in the business environment with constantly shifting and increasing consumer expectations. One of the key sources of uncertainty in any production-distribution system is the product demand. Failure to account for significant demand fluctuations could either lead to unsatisfied consumer demand translating to loss of market share or excessively high inventory holding costs. The traditional demand models are concerned with only improving forecast accuracy rather assessing uncertainty. Uncertainty concern can help manage the risk associated with alternative plans. In this thesis a demand model is developed considering the combined effect of price sensitivity and consumers’ valuation or satisfaction as a source of uncertainty. The uncertainty model is developed considering consumers’ valuation, price, price sensitivity, the market size, wholesale price and quantity ordered by the retailer on profit maximization. The retailer price and the order quantity that the retailer places with the manufacturer are the decision variables and total profit is the objective function which is to be maximized. Two meta-heuristics Genetic Algorithm and Sequential Quadratic Programming are used to solve the non linear constrained form of objective function as they can generate accurate result with a shorter computational time. Some numerical examples have been presented to explain the model. The results obtained from these algorithms and the results of the existing forecasting model of a renowned company were compared with actual sales data and the algorithm results were found satisfactory.
Optimization of a production inventory model with reliability considerations
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2012-01) Abdulla Al Masud, Md.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
The classical production inventory control models assume that products are produced by perfectly reliable production process with no defective items. However, in reality, products are not always perfect but are directly affected by the reliability of the production process. While the reliability of the production process cannot be increased without a price, its rejection and inspection cost can be reduced with investment in flexibility and reliability improvement. In this thesis, a production inventory model with reliability of production process consideration is developed which considers the combined effect of production cost, setup cost, holding cost, inspection cost, depreciation cost, rejection cost and backorder cost on total cost minimization. The economic production lot size and the reliability of the production process along with the production period are the decision variables and total cost per cycle is the objective function which is to be minimized. A meta-heuristic Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to solve the unconstrained non integer non linear form of objective function as it can generate accurate result with a shorter computational time with stable convergence. Some numerical examples have been presented to explain the model. The results obtained from PSO algorithm is compared with the results of Genetic Algorithm (GA) applying on the same inventory model and found satisfactory.
Productivity improvement of cutting, sewing and finishing sections of a garment factory through value stream mapping a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2015-10) Moin Uddin, Md.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
On time delivery with quality and quantity is important for any manufacturing industry. At present, lead time is decreasing day by day and customer requirements also continuously changing. To fulfill customer demand whole production system should be more capable and efficient. For this reason productivity is important for manufacturing industries. Productivity can be defined as a ratio between output and input. Manufacturing industries are always having lots of production processes for desired products. Out of these processes some are not essential and do not add any value to the product. Most of time, management is not quite aware of the non-value-adding processes. If we observe a garments production line we will see that there were lots of In-process inventories and waiting time between almost every sequential operation. No strict and precise work distribution was followed by many workers. Material’s used to travel large distance from input receiving to needle check and cartooning. Many of these movements and handlings are totally unnecessary. Sometimes reworks are increasing the total completion time. As a result, the productivity was hampered. So, a smooth, streamlined and continuous flow is really necessary to avoid all such unexpected occurrence. The objective of value stream mapping is to identify value-added activities and non-value-added activities. Value stream maps should reflect what actually happens rather than what is supposed to happen so that opportunities for improvement can be identified. Value Stream Mapping is often used in process cycle-time improvement projects since it demonstrates exactly how a process operates with detailed timing of step-by-step activities. It is also used for process analysis and improvement by identifying and eliminating time spent on non-value-added activities. The present study focuses on improving the overall productivity of cutting, sewing and finishing sections through value stream mapping (VSM). Different techniques like process integration, job sharing, multitasking etc. will be implemented to improve the current state situation. Three different product lines (Jacket, Polo shirt, and tee shirt) will be considered to implement this study, and the productivity as well as line efficiency will be compared before and after implementing the technique.
Productivity improvement of GRID casting in a battery manufacturing company-a case study a case study
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2016-10) Raihanul Haq, MD; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Productivity is very important to every industry because it helps a company respond quickly to customer demand as well as to optimize the resource usage, which is an important issue of competitive strategy. High productive rate can help a company to complete the production cycle in a much shorter time than it would otherwise be possible. Utilizing the allocated resources properly lead to better productivity and enhance the efficiency as well as effectiveness. Grid are considered the core & the heart of the battery industry. So focusing on that to improve its productivity is the main concern. Productivity in casting is a very important measure in manufacturing operations as well as it contributes in turnover & profit, besides it provides insight into the efficiency & effectiveness of operations. Improved efficiency bears a positive impact on the direct costs of products of a company, as same output is produced consuming less input or provides same inputs to produce more output. Considering the incredible demands on tight schedule, no activity is worth doing unless it promises to add value to the central part of an operators work and make it more successful and satisfying. However, a problem remains in industries to identify appropriate method to achieve that. Thus, selecting a focus, the first step in the process & it is vitally important. Kaizen events are sometimes referred to as rapid improvement events. It involves small groups of individuals in the company that are brought together to address a particular area of the company. The present study focuses on improving grid casting productivity and reducing the problems related to low productivity and efficiency. Other sections regarding plate preparation are also highlighted for observation. Capacity study of individual processes and production procedure will be considered for improvement.
Quality function deployment approach to improve technical education: a case study of Technical Training Center (TTC)
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2011-09) Hemayat Uddin, Md.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Education itself is a multimillion dollars industry and is very important to the development of a country. The main purpose of quality assurance in education is to provide confidence to the professionals, students and their parents, employers and their various stakeholders that the requirements for quality education are met continuously. Quality function deployment (QFD) is a method to transform user demands into design quality. QFD helps transform customer needs into engineering characteristics for a product or service. The customer needs is summarized in a product planning matrix called House of Quality. These matrices are used to translate customer needs WHATS into technical characteristics HOWS to satisfy the needs. The quality of education and training being imparted in the technical institutions varies from excellent to poor, with some institutions comparing favorably with the best in the world and many others suffer from different degrees of handicap such as faculty shortages, infrastructure deficiencies, curricula obsolescence, lack of autonomy in academic financial, administrative, and managerial matters; poor involvement in knowledge creation and dissemination, and poor interaction with community and economy. In order to improve the teaching quality of TTC the author considers the principles of total quality management (TQM). The major tool employed is Quality Function Deployment (QFD). In this approach, several steps are followed to expose customer expectations into the service process and ensure that at each level of expectation the highest possible quality is provided. The main goal of this project is to translate the student’s voice into teaching techniques applying QFD approach. For this purpose a questionnaire based survey is performed among the students of TTC to sort out the student requirements. From the collected data, a house of quality is developed and finally the teaching techniques are ranked with respect to the house of quality. The higher the relative weight of the technique, the more the concentration is needed.
Selection and economic evaluation of appropriate technology to generate electricity from household waste of Dhaka-Mirpur cantonment area
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering, 2014-06) Sayedur Rahman, SM.; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Solid waste disposal poses a greater problem because it leads to land pollution if openly dumped, water pollution if dumped in low lands and air pollution if burnt. Moreover, the scarcity of land and increasing of land prices especially in Dhaka City creates the problem of developing any new landfill site. The sustainable strategy for the waste management is to improve waste treatment in the aim to reduce their landfill disposal, minimize the environmental impact and recovery of energy to mitigate the energy crisis of the country. Selection of appropriate waste conversion technology can be complicated due to the intrinsic trade-off between sociopolitical, environmental, and economic factors. Realizing the existing and future impact of waste disposal issue, Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique has been used to select an appropriate Waste-to-Energy (WTE) conversion technology for household waste of Dhaka-Mirpur Cantonment area. Technological, Environmental and Financial criteria were selected for AHP analysis in this study. Three alternatives, namely, Anaerobic Digestion (AD), Pyrolysis and Plasma Gasification (PG) technologies were chosen for comparison. The analysis reveals that Plasma Gasification is a viable option for waste treatment in Dhaka-Mirpur Cantonment area. The advantages that plasma gasification offers outweighs most other conventional technologies in that the system has a relatively small footprint, can treat unsorted waste and can produce good quality synthetic gas without extremely toxic by-products. In case of Economic evaluation, both tangible revenue from electricity sale and intangible benefits in terms of Renewable Energy Credit (REC) and Health and Environment Benefits (HEB) were considered. The overall Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR) is very lucrative and can be comparable with any other waste management system.
Study on implementation of lean manufacturing tools and techniques in the RMG industry
(Department of Industrial and Production Engineering (IPE), 2010-03) Jahangir Parvez Masud; Abdullahil Azeem, Dr.
Shifting customer demands, increasing variation in products and demand for perfect quality at competitive price with shortest lead time are the common difficulties faced by the manufacturers. Meeting these demands while dealing with complex distribution systems and multi-tiered chains of suppliers is better understood in light of system dynamics and finding ways to minimize their cyclical nature. In the competitive market place, most of the manufacturers tend to stay in business by optimizing the production cost through minimizing lead time and wastage of materials along with increasing employees effective skills rather than increasing prices. In this circumstance lean manufacturing tools and techniques are becoming the most intelligent parts. The paper is on the study of lean tools and techniques and present situation of the industry. The current state value stream mapping identifies the waste happening in frequent manner. This map shows what will be the future state map what is the possible scope of improvement. The future state map shows the possible waste reduction way that contributes to the production lead time. The analysis of 5S and change over time improve the space utilization and production loss time. There is a suggestive framework on how to implement lean techniques to get the maximum benefit from the business depending on the study feedback. To facilitate the conversion process, the studies point to three critical needs: increased receptivity to innovative process change, enhanced predictability to the likely regulatory constraints such equipment will operate under and timely responses to construction and modification actions. Lean manufacturing as a continuous improvement program shows the way to improve the process by eliminating waste, standardizing work, and creating flexible manufacturing. Typical tools used to achieve this improvement include: line smoothing, the 5 Ss, cycle time reduction, and work area reconfiguration. Implementing the lean methodologies is a long journey most likely a never ending journey that must be carefully planned and frequently revised if one is willing to succeed.