MPhil Thesis

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    Problem of dyslexia among young children of Bangladesh
    (University of Dhaka, 2015-02-15) Samia, Irfana
    The present study investigated the nature and problem of dyslexia among young children of Bangladesh. Relation between poor academic performances and being at risk of dyslexia and utility of Dyslexia Early Screening Test, Second Edition (DEST-2) were also investigated. DEST-2 by Nicolson, R. I. and Fawcett A. J. (2004) was taken as a measure for screening at risk level of dyslexia. Purposive sampling technique was used for selecting the participants. Total ninety children aged 4 years 5 months to 6 years 5 months were taken as participants for this study. The study was done into two phases. In the first phase, a pilot study was conducted where thirty children, fifteen from English Medium and fifteen from Bangla medium schools of Dhaka City were taken as primary samples. Besides, twelve judges who worked as teachers and psychologists in Dhaka City, were selected to collect opinion regarding the items of all subtests of DEST-2.In the second phase, sixty children from three different English medium schools located at Dhaka (twenty eight children), Rajshahi (fifteen children) and Chittagong (seventeen children) cit ies, were selected based on teachers‘ comments and observat ion according to their poor academic performances. The opinion of twenty teachers from Dhaka, Rajshahi, Chittagong were taken through a subjective questionnaire developed by the researcher regarding the probable nature and problems of dyslexia among young children of Bangladesh. Findings from the pilot study showed that most of the subtests of DEST-2 would be applicable for the Bangladeshi children except few of the subtests where some changes would be required.Findings from the main study showed that more than half of the participants, who had poor academic performances from each of the locations ,were at risk of dyslexia according to the screening diagnosis through DEST-2.Besides, the findings also reveals the nature and problem of dyslexia in terms of difficulties in phonological processing, reading, writing, spelling, handwriting, working memory, receptive language and fluency in performing tasks.
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    Nature and effect of punishment on psychosocial development of school children in the urban and rural area of Bangladesh
    (University of Dhaka, 2015-02-17) Akhter, Tanmi
    Childhood punishment is a widespread phenomenon happening almost every corner around the globe. Existing socio-cultural context and lack of adequate systematic evidence surrounding punishment in Bangladesh left the issue almost unrevealed. This study attempted to address this gap. More specifically the current study investigated nature and extent of punishment in urban and rural schools. The key objectives were to look at the common forms of punishment, reasons for punishment and their impact on child’s psychosocial development. Additionally, the study revealed whether forms and causes of punishment vary by area and by the people committed these punishments. 300 school children of age between 7-14 were selected from four schools located in urban and rural area of Bangladesh. Forms and reasons of punishment were measured using researcher developed structured checklist. Additionally, Beck Youth Inventories of Emotional and Social Impairment (BYI) consisting five scales, i.e., self-concept, anxiety, anger, depression and disruptive behavior, was used to captured psychosocial development of the children. The study was conducted following ethical guidelines prescribed by American Psychological Association (APA) and local norm. Descriptive, correlational and some inferential statistics were applied to answer the research questions. Results indicated that physical punishment was most common form of punishment followed by mental and deprivation. There was significant difference of forms of punishment and psychosocial development variables between urban and rural school children. Reasons for physical, mental and deprivation punishment were revealed and presented separately for teachers, fathers and mothers. All forms of punishment had statistically significant but lower effect on each of the psychosocial development variables individually or in combination. Scenario of punishment in schools and families is worrying. Specific school based intervention program targeting teachers and parents can be beneficial to address this issue. Additionally, policy makers and school authorities should take legislative steps to eradicate child punishment either in home or institution or urban or rural area.
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    Verbal ability of school children: An exploratory study in Dhaka city
    (University of Dhaka, 2015-12-30) Basu, Fatima Khan
    This cross-sectional study explored association between verbal ability and contextual factors amongst school children (N =116; ages 9 to 12 years) of Dhaka City. Despite several initiatives by the Government of Bangladesh, NGOs and INGOs to achieve Millennium Development Goal 2, consistency in children’s success is an alarming issue. Data were collected from 116 students of grade 4 (55.2%) and 5 (44.8%) by using Bangla version short form of child Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire, PARQ (Fatema, 2008) and Bangla adapted version (Fatema & Afrose, 2011) of WISC-IV and from their 116 parents by using demographic questionnaire and adapted Bangla version of Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale II (FACES II) and. The empirical evidence confirms a strong positive association of children’s age, family adaptability and cohesion, perceived parental acceptance-rejection and mothers’ educational level with the verbal ability. These findings suggest that government needs to put attention on associated factors of verbal development to ensure a sturdy student life.
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    Anxiety and depression during pre and post menopausal period
    (University of Dhaka, 2016-10-13) Nahar, Jebin
    The purpose of the present study was to investigate anxiety and depression during pre, and post menopausal period. The sample of the study was comprised of 150 (50 pre menopause, 50 during menopause and 50 post menopause) period. They were incidentally selected from different areas of Dhaka city. Anxiety was measured by the Bangla version of the Anxiety scale developed by Deeba & Begum (2004), and the Depression scale was developed by Uddin & Rhaman (2005). Analysis of Variance indicated anxiety and depression scores varied significantly (p<.01) between the three periods (pre, during and post menopause periods). Analysis of variance also indicated that anxiety and depression scores varied significantly (p<.01) according to different levels of education. “t” test indicated that anxiety and depression scores varied significantly(p<.01) with the occupation of respondents. The result also showed that physical symptoms like joint pain, heart disease, gyaenocological problems, and diabetics were greater in post menopause period than in other periods. From the findings of the present study, it is suggested that education and awareness, counseling and psycho-education can be given to reduce these symptoms and help them to make better adjustment with the physical and psychological changes. Counseling can help the women prepare themselves pre, during and post menopause periods.
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    Life satisfaction, personality and coping behaviour of women entrepreneurs
    (University of Dhaka, 2017-10-30) Parvin, SM Rumana
    The present study investigated life satisfaction, personality and coping behavior of women entrepreneurs. The sample consisted of 100 adult respondents of which 50 were women entrepreneurs and 50 were non- entrepreneur. The Bengali version of the “Life Satisfaction Questionnaire” (Illyas, 2001), “Personality Inventory Questionnaire”, (Raman & Eysenck,1980) and Coping Scale (Huque,2004) was used for investigating life satisfaction, personality and coping behavior of women entrepreneur and non-entrepreneur. A personal information form was also used to gather respondent’s socio-demographic information. The obtained data were analyzed by F test, t- test and Correlation Coefficient. The results of the study showed significant difference in life satisfaction (t=9.628, df=98’p<0.001) between the two groups of respondents. Life satisfaction was positively correlated with adaptive coping behavior whereas significant negative correlation was found between life satisfaction and neuroticism, lie scale &extraversion and between non adaptive &adaptive coping behavior. Adaptive coping behavior varied significant between the two groups but no significant difference in non-adaptive behavior was found.
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    Effects of Organizational Identification and National Identity Perception on Employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Job Involvement and Job Performance
    (University of Dhaka, 2019-10-07) Nasrin, Farhana
    The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of Organizational Identification (OI ) and National Identity (NI ) perception on employees’ Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB ), Job Involvement (JI ) and Job Performance (JP ). For that purpose a total of 1000 Ready-made Garment employees were selected following purposive sampling technique. Among them 675 set of data sheets were retained on the basis of completeness of responses all of the items across the instruments. All variables were measured by administrating a set of standard questioners adopted in Bangladeshi cultural context following standard data collection procedures. Pearson’s correlation coefficients were calculated for test relationships among variables and multiple linear regression analyses were also performed following the significant relationships if found by using the software named as SPSS-24. Findings indicated that there were statistically significant relationships between OI and OCB (r=.159, p<.01, two tailed test ), OI and JI (r=-.263, p<.01 two tailed test ), NI and OCB (r=.119, p<.01, two tailed test ), OCB and JP (r=.385, p<.01, two tailed test ), OI and NI (r=.152, p<.01, two tailed test ). All these significant relationships were found having predictability. That is the findings revealed that OI and NI have significant effects on OCB. Moreover, OI also found having significant predictive effects on JI. OCB can predict significantly employees’ JP. There were two dimensions of NI (NI-Value and NI-Religion ) and three dimensions of OI (OI-Membership, OI-Similarity and OI- Loyalty ). Finding showed that NI-V (r=.093, p<.01,two tailed test )and NI-R (r=.165, p<.01, two tailed test ) were significantly related to OCB. NI-R also were significantly related to JI (r=-.127, p<.01, two tailed test ) and JP (r=.089, p<.01, two tailed test ). Besides these, findings also showed results that OI-M(r=.160, p<.01, two tailed test ) and OI-S (r=.152, p<.01, two tailed test ) significantly related to OCB, when both OI-M and OI-S together explained 3.6% of the variance in OCB (p=<.05). However, the present study suggests that programs for enhancement of OI and NI were recommended to increase the OCB, JI and JP among employees.
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    Parental Acceptance-Rejection in Childhood: A Retrospective Effect on Psychological Status in Early Adulthood
    (2024-03-03) Din, Ferdous Ara
    The present study was designed to explore the relationship of parental (maternal as well as paternal) rejection in childhood with psychological adjustment, coping strategies and mental well-being of young adults in early adulthood. In order to achieve the goals, the study was conducted on 500 young adults (male=250 and female=250) aged between 20-27 years by using purposive and convenient sampling technique from different educational institutions. Following standard procedures, the measuring instruments using in this study were (1) Demographic and Personal Information Questionnaire, (2) Adapted Bangla version of Adult Parental Acceptance Rejection Questionnaire, (3) Adapted Bangla version of Adult Personality Assessment Questionnaire, (4) The translated and Adapted Bangla version of the Coping Scale , and (5) Adapted Bangla version of the Warwick Edinburgh Mental well-Being Scale (WEMWBS) . Obtained data were analysed by using mean, standard deviation, t-test, correlation co-efficient and regression analysis. Correlation analysis indicates that parental (maternal as well as paternal) rejection has significant positive correlation with psychological mal-adjustment and non-adaptive coping. It also shows that parental (maternal as well as paternal) rejection is negatively correlated with adaptive coping and mental well-being. The beta co-efficient shows that if we increase 1 standard deviation unit in maternal rejection score, .13 and .07 standard deviation unit increase in psychological mal-adjustment and nonadaptive coping score respectively. Similarly, if we increase 1 standard deviation unit in paternal rejection score, .27 and .20 standard deviation unit increase in psychological maladjustment and non-adaptive coping score respectively. On the other hand, the value of beta co-efficient shows that if we increase 1 standard deviation unit in maternal rejection score, .12 and .17 standard deviation unit decrease in adaptive coping and mental well-being score respectively. Similarly, if we increase 1 standard deviation unit in paternal rejection score, .07 and .11 standard deviation unit decrease in adaptive coping score and mental well-being score respectively. From the results of R VII 2 , it is observed that maternal rejection can explain 6% of variability in psychological mal-adjustment, 2% of variability in adaptive coping, 2% of variability in non-adaptive coping and 5% of variability in mental well-being score. Similarly, from the results of R 2 , it is also observed that paternal rejection can explain 10% of variability in psychological mal-adjustment, 1% of variability in adaptive coping, 5% of variability in non-adaptive coping and 3% of variability in mental well-being score. These results suggest that parental (maternal as well as paternal) rejection in childhood greatly influences their children’s personalit y development and mental well-being.
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    Optimism as a Function of Self-efficacy and Self regulation
    (©University of Dhaka, 2024-03-11) Rabia, Taposi
    The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether there was any relation among optimism, self-efficacy and self-regulation. The study also tried to find out the gender difference in optimism, self-efficacy and self-regulation. The data was collected on a sample of 260 young adults (130 males and 130 females) accompanied by a process of purposive and convenience sampling technique. Bangla version of Revised Life Orientation Test, Bangla version of General Self-Efficacy Scale and Bangla version of Self-Regulation Questionnaires were used to assess study variables. Pearson Product Moment Correlation, Independent Sample t-test and Simple Linear Regression were used for the collected data analysis. Correlation analysis showed significant and positive association among optimism self-efficacy and self-regulation. Independent sample t test revealed that there is no significant difference in optimism between male and female but there is a significant difference between male and female in self-efficacy and self-regulation. It was found that male respondents have more self-efficacy and self-regulation than that of their female counterpart. Simple linear regression analysis revealed that 8% of the variance of self-efficacy and 12.8% of the variance of self-regulation was explained by optimism. The findings have implications for parents and guardians, teachers, educators, mental health professionals and policy makers.
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    Mental Health and Parenting Style of Parents of Children with Autism
    (©University of Dhaka, 2024-11-18) Khatun, Mst. Ambia
    The objectives of the present study were to compare the mental health state of parents of children with autism and those of having normal children and to explore parenting style of parents. To conduct the study, a total of 140 parents (mothers=70 and fathers=70) were selected purposely and conveniently as respondents. Among of them 70 parents (father= 35 and mother= 35) who were children with autism and rest of them (father= 35 and mother= 35) were the parents of normal children. Data were collected from respondents by using translated versions of the Symptoms Checklist (SCL-90) and Parenting Styles and Dimensions (PSD) questionnaires. The obtained data were analyzed by using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients, the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that mental health of parents having children with autism was worse than that of parents having normal children. Compared to parents of children without autism, parents of autistic children had higher level of anxiety, depression, and interpersonal sensitivity. In comparison to those who have children without autism, they also experience greater somatic complaints, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, anger problems, phobic anxiety, paranoid thoughts, and psychotic symptoms. The findings also indicated that mothers' mental health was more fragile than fathers' mental health, whether they had children with autism or not. The three parenting styles of authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive parenting were assessed using the PSDQ. The authoritative parenting style was shown to have the highest mean score and usage rate among the three parenting styles, suggesting that parents of children with autism favour it more than parents of children without autism. In a similar vein, mothers' mean scores are higher in authoritative parenting than fathers' average scores regardless of whether their children have autism or not.
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    Physical and psycho social problems of old people living in urban and rural area
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Sultana, Fahema
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    Personality and attitudinal variables influencing women's participation in Employment
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Sultana, Most. Aeyash
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    Psychological well-being and its related factors of Bangladeshi immigrants living in developed countries
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Akhand, Shahriar Susmita
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    Sources of stress, coping strategies & school adjustment among school children
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Papri, Farhana
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    Effect of home environment on adaptive behavior in early childhood
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Yesmin, Sakila
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    Factors related to development of self acceptance & moral values of slum & non slum children
    (© University of Dhaka, 2025-05-04) Banu, Shayla Arjumand