Dept. of Fish Health Management

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    DETECTION OF FORMALIN AND ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FISHES FROM DFFERENT MARKETS IN SYLHET AND MOULVIBAZAR
    (Dept. of Fish Health Management, 2015-12) SUMON, TOFAEL AHMED
    his study was undertaken to detect formalin in Rui (Labeo rohita), Catla (Catla catla), Mrigal (Cirrhinus Cirrhosus) and Ilish (Tenualosa ilisha) from town and village markets of Sylhet and Moulvibazar districts., where 5 markets from town of both district and 5 from villages from two upazillas of Sylhet (Beanibazar) and Moulvibazar (Barlekha) were selected for data collection. Formalin treatment were found maximum in Rui followed by Catla, Mrigal and Ilish in case of both town and village markets of Sylhet and Moulvibazar. In Sylhet, 46% of Rui (56% in town markets and 36% in village markets) were found treated with formalin. On the other hand, 40% of Rui in Moulvibazar district were found treated with formalin where 52% Rui of town markets and 28% Rui of village markets found contaminated with formalin. Less percent of Catla (28% in Sylhet, 20% in Moulvibazar), Mrigal (10% in Sylhet, 8% in Moulvibazar) and Ilish (8% in Sylhet and 6% in Moulvibazar) were found treated with formalin compared to Rui. All the town markets (29% and 23% in Sylhet and Moulvibazar respectively) contained higher amount of formalin treated fish rather than village markets where 17% in Sylhet and 14% in Moulvibazar of village market fishes were found treated with formalin.Presence of formalin was found higher in the fishes of imported source than that of domestic sources. Only 24% of domestic Rui were found treated with formalin whereas 62% of imported Rui were contaminated with formalin. Similar trend were followed in Catla, Mrigal and Ilish where percentage of imported fishes was higher than domestic fishes. The present study also test the organoleptic quality of those formalin treated fishes along with formalin free samples where formalin treated fishes found better degree of freshness rather than formalin non-treated fishes. Some predetermined quality characteristics and a scoring system were used to analyze the degree of freshness by organoleptic method. Formalin treated fishes were shown higher degree of freshness, their shelf life become extended instead of formalin non-treated fishes, so that the vendors’ purpose of formalin use is served. This study also revealed the perception of fish sellers and the consumers about formalin by asking some predetermined questions about formalin, its use in fish, the formalin control act, formalin testing facility in the markets and government initiatives to control the use of formalin etc. It is found that most of the fish vendors are unaware of the negative impact of formalin (53.3%) as well as about the government initiatives (76.7%). Consumers are aware of the bad impacts but they are bound to buy formalin treated fish because of numerous reasons like shortage of locally produced fish, high price of them etc. Formalin testing facilities are necessary in the markets to ensure less treatment was perceived by the both seller and consumers.
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    ASSESSMENT OF FISH DIVERSITY IN SHATGHARI POINT OF SURMA RIVER, GOLAPGANJ, SYLHET
    (Dept. of Fish Health Management, 2015-12) AHAMMAD, BASIR
    Studies were conducted to find out the status of fish diversity in Shatghari point of Surma river, Golapganj, Sylhet, Bangladesh from January 2015 to September 2015. Multivariate analyses were performed using the software PRIMER V6 and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) was done using the PAST softwere. In the present study, 34 species of fishes belonging to 7 orders were identified from the study area where Cypriniformes (11 species) encompassing highest percentage (76.56%) of the whole biomass. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, Pielou’s evenness index and Simpson dominance index were found to be 2.31±0.69, 3.86±0.31, 0.46±0.03 and 0.88±0.007 respectively. Among the identified fish species, 44.63% was recorded as threatened according to IUCN and 5.49% was exotic species in respect of number. For CCA the top most 14 fish species were considered and it’s indicate that CO2 and TDS are two most important environmental parameters shaping species assemblage structure in Surma River at Shatghari point. All the water quality parameters found within the permissible limits for fisheries. In conclusion, bearing all the outcomes found in the study indicates that the Shatghari Point of Surma river is enriched with fish diversity including threatened fish species of Bangladesh which demands the immediate necessary actions for the conservation of the study area as a natural gene bank. Besides, existence of exotic species indicates potential threats to indigenous species in future in the river system of the Surma.
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    ENDOPARASITIC INFESTATION IN CHANNA PUNCTATUS (BLOCH, 1793) COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT WATER BODIES IN SYLHET REGION
    (2014-12) HOSSAIN, ABUL
    The present study was conducted to determine the endoparasitic infestation and their effects on the growth of Channa punctatus from different water bodies in Sylhet during the period from May 2014 to September 2014. Six different species of parasites identified from the hosts examined were i) Euclinostomum multicaecum, ii) Allocreadium handiai, iii) Genarchopsis dasus, iv) Isoparorchys hypselobagri, v) Camallanus intestinalus and vi) Pellisentis ophiocephali. Moderate infestations were found in C. punctatus due to parasites. Prevalence was different in different months. The highest prevalence was observed in May (75.00%) and lowest observer in June (55.56%). Changes in the nature of growth and loss of weight as a result of parasitic infestation were noticed. Accordingly length, weight and condition factors were found greatly affected. Loss of total length was 2.68%. The losses of weight and condition factor were 10.45% and 0.03, respectively. The loss of gonad weights were also observed in infested male and female hosts and they were 5.26% and 3.64%, respectively.
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    STATUS OF FISH HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND THE RESPONSIBLE USE OF DRUGS AND CHEMICALS IN NORTH-EASTERN BANGLADESH
    (Dept. of Fish Health Management, 2014-12) RAHMAN, MD. MOSHIUR
    The study was carried out to assess the status of chemicals and drugs used in health management practices of different fish farms in North-Eastern Bangladesh during January 2014 to October 2014. Data were collected through questionnaire interview, personal contact, market survey and participatory rural appraisal like focus group discussion with different stakeholders. The major aquaculture practices such as carp polyculture with semi-intensive systems, monosex tilapia monoculture and Thai kai monoculture with intensive systems were observed in the study area. About 53 products of 9 pharmaceutical companies were found to be used in various fish farms for aquaculture purposes. It was observed that JV Zeolite, Mega Zeo plus and chemicals like Acurotay gold, Phostoxine, Sumithione were found to be widely used by farmers for pond management. Timsen and Virex as disinfectants, and Oxymax and Bio-ox as oxygen supplier found to be extensively used in the study area. Bio-Aqua-50, Aqua-photo and Ammonil found to be commonly used as toxic gas remover. The available stress reducer was Aqua-C, Osmosaline, Cevit aqua. Charger gel, Spa, and Acimix super fish were found to be used as growth promoter. Antibiotics like Oxy-D-Vet, Otetra vet powder 50 and Oxy-Dox-F were used for treating different fish diseases. Traditional chemicals like potassium permanganate, salt and lime were used in fish health management. The private farms showed higher use of drugs and chemicals, thus higher production than public farms. Some problems viz. poor understanding of farmers about the application of drugs, inadequate withdrawal period and excessive use of aqua drugs and chemicals in aquaculture were identified. Based on the study, total 7 diseases were observed in different fish farms. The most prevalent of disease in North-Eastern Bangladesh was Environmental diseases (37%) followed by Argulosis and Dropsy (21%), Fin and tail rot (9%), Streptococcus infection (7%), EUS (3%) and Nutritional diseases (2%). The highest disease prevalence was measured in Sunamgonj (32%) followed by Sylhet (24%), Hobiganj (23%) and Moulavibazar (21%). The study will provide necessary information for proper management of the farmed fish health using effective and approved drugs and chemicals, which will enhance safe and sustainable aquaculture production in Bangladesh.
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    STUDY OF ENDOHELMINTH PARASITES AND THEIR INFESTATIONS ON HOST, CLARIAS BATRACHUS (LINNEAUS)
    (Dept. of Fish Health Management, 2013-12) BARI, SAYED MASHEQUL
    The study summarizes the percentage of prevalence, mean intensity, abundance and index of infestation of endohelminth parasites in walking catfish Clarias batrachus with the influence of temperature, humidity and rainfall during different seasons and months from March 2013 to December 2013. The present study also indicates the seasonal infection of different parasite in different sexes and size groups. Total 100 host fish were collected from different water bodies of Sylhet, Bangladesh for examination. Among them 75 species of C. batrachus were found to be infested with 1404 parasite by seven different endohelminth parasitic species of three different groups such as trematode, cestode and nematode. These species of parasites were i) Orientocreadium batrachoides, ii) Bovienia serialis, iii) Lytocestus indicus, iv) Lytocestus birmanicus, v) Djombangia penetrans, vi) Pseudocaryophyllaeus indica and vii) Paracamallanus spiculogobernaculus. Variations in prevalence were evident in different months and seasons. The high prevalence 100% occurrence in the month of November to December; while low prevalence 69% occurred in June. Seasonal investigation showed higher prevalence 85% in post-monsoon and very lower 67% in monsoon. The influence of environmental factors occurring parasitic infestation also observed. The temperature ranged 25-27 C was suitable for parasitic infestation during pre-monsoon and postmonsoon season whereas heavy rainfall (609.7mm) and high humidity (77.67%) at monsoon decreased the infestation. Mean head length and weight varied with size and different level of infestation. In smaller and larger sized fishes, the percent gained of mean head length higher 8.0 at high level of infestation. The highest percent loss of weight 11.0 was observed in smaller length grouped (<13cm) fishes during high level of infestation whereas lower 3.0 in medium length grouped (14-18cm) fishes. The highest condition factors (0.86 and 0.73) were found in non-infested fish in small and medium length groups than infested ones (0.83 and 0.72). 0