Year 2013
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Item WOMEN ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPOWERMENT: A STUDY IN THE DHAKA CITY, BANGLADESH(DEPT. OF DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY STUDIES, 2013) SARKER, FATEMABangladesh is a developing nation rich in human resources where women constitute slightly less than half the population. They provide an essential opportunity for economic and social development and progress. Women's participation in any kind of economic activity is of a complementary nature to their family incomes; their participation in no way reduces their family duties. Women's equal rights are now defined by women's economic empowerment and the ultimate empowerment is through entrepreneurship. The overall objective of the present study was to assess the women's economic contribution and their participation for enhancing the empowerment in livelihood activities. Dhaka city was selected as the area and the data were collected from 105 women entrepreneurs classifying into three groups namely: boutique and handicrafts, foods and catering and beauty parlor of the Dhaka city. It was found that mostly the educated, middle-aged women with some sort of professional training were mainly involved with entrepreneurial activities. The freedom of decision making in the important spheres of their lives is the leading influencing factors. Since getting the self-respect is the every woman's urged need, they involved in the economic activities like entrepreneurship. Craving for economic independency is another influencing factor. There are some demographic characteristics that influence women to be entrepreneurs among them the education, spouse's education, spouse's occupation etc. The average empowerment of the women entrepreneurs was found 4.30 on a scale of 5 with the help of women empowerment index. It was found that entrepreneurship of the boutique and handicrafts was more profitable than the Food and catering services and beauty parlor by using Logit model. So the study concluded that increased facilities of women education are very much essential for new entrepreneurship. Various types of professional training on skill development of the women entrepreneurs are needed to reach at the very grass-root levels. Moreover the traditional outlook of the people of the society must be changed otherwise every attempts will be in vain.Item A STUDY ON E-SHOP FOR AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS IN SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH(DEPT. OF DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY STUDIES, 2013) ISLAM, FARHANAThe agricultural marketing system is surrounded with several constraints and farmers are deprived to get fair price. Therefore, an advanced marketing system is needed to solve this problem. In the present study, an attempt was made on the adoption and use of E-shop (online shop) for selling farm products which will be directed by farmers. To understand the constraints and interest of the respondents on adopting new marketing system, two separate questionnaires were prepared for gathering farmers and consumers information. The farmers’ information was collected from two villages of Thakurgaon district whereas consumers’ information was collected from Thakurgaon (rural consumers) and Dhaka (urban consumers). The results of farmers’ perspective indicated that farmers were poor in education and economic status. Almost half of them lend money every year. They involved in few marketing activities and sold their products just after harvest. Various constraints were faced by them during selling farm products. Therefore, they were highly interested to adopt new marketing system Eshop. However, knowledge about E-shop was poor among them but intent to learn. The results of factor analysis showed that economic status and agricultural marketing system related activities had high influence on the acceptance of E-shop. In contrast, the results of consumers’ perspective indicated that, economic status, education, smart phone and internet usage, knowledge about E-shop and purchase frequency from Eshop were high among urban consumers than rural consumers. Almost all of the urban and rural consumers’ showed positive interest in using E-shop but some item should be improved. ‘Time saving’ and ‘home delivery’ were the most attracting features of Eshop. The advantages and disadvantages in using E-shop are the main influencing factors. A model of E-shop for agricultural products was developed using the current findings. This model is based on farmers’ co-operative organization which will form and manage directly by farmers and control the whole marketing system. It will also provide necessary support and ensure farmers’ participation in new marketing system.Item OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH HAZARDS OF FEMALE WORKERS IN GARMENT SECTOR-A STUDY IN GAZIPUR DISTRICT OF BANGLADESH(DEPT. OF DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY STUDIES, 2013) JAHAN, REYA ROUSHONThe study was undertaken to analyze the occupational health hazards of the selected female garment workers as well as the health status. In this study, primary data were collected from the study area named Bank para, Auch para, Muktar bari, Guthia under the Gazipur district which was selected purposively where garment workers were available. The sample of the study consisted of 60 garment workers. Firstly, the areas were selected according to the purposively four cluster. Then judgment sampling was used to draw the sample from each cluster. Secondary data were also used in the study. Tabular and statistical techniques were applied to analyze the data. Logistic regression was used to measure the risk factors that are associated with the selective health hazards. The study revealed that the average age of the female workers was only 24 years and respondents appeared to be less educated. It was found that all the female workers were not household head in the family. So, in this study the percentage of household head of male are comparatively higher than female. Findings showed that the particular nature of work in the Ready-Made Garment created various types of health hazards. In this study, garment workers were affected by various diseases. These diseases were headache, fever, musculoskeletal pain, eye strain, less appetite, chest pain and respiratory trouble. Result of the study showed that the most frequent illness reported by 56.67 percent workers were affected by headache and 18.33 percent workers were affected by fever. It occurred due to the type of work, sources of drinking water, mental pressure in the working place and lack of healthy meal. The study also revealed that headache, fever and mental pressure were the important factor for contributing to low work output. Furthermore, the study recommends some options for improving the health status of the female garment workers such as ensuring a good sources of drinking water, provide facility of baby care centre and create canteen facility with cost effective balanced diet.