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Item Study on Clinical Cases in Sandwip Upazilla Veterinary Hospital, Chittagong(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Khulshi,Chattogram, 2018-09) Md.Mahbubur Rahman, Md.Mahbubur RahmanA significant number of animals of different species were regularly presented to Sandwip Upazilla Veterinary Hospital (UVH) from surrounding villages for treating clinical cases, de- worming, vaccination. Therefore this UVH was considered to conduct a descriptive study to assess the occurrence of clinical cases in cattle and goats during the period of 2 months from February to March 2018. A total of 134 cases (109 cattle, 25 goats) were analyzed. Diagnosis of cases were made based on clinical history, clinical signs as well as using common laboratory techniques(in some cases).Distribution of cattle cases were as follows: 36.69% Parasitic infestation,2.75% Foot and Mouth Disease, 9.17% nutritional deficiency,9.17% mastitis,16.60% reproductive disorders,5.5% enteritis, 0.91% BQ,1.83% acidosis,2.75% bloat and 1.83% abscess. Recorded goat cases were 24% dog bite, 20% Parasitic infestation, 8% PPR,4% bloat, 8% enteritis and 4% acidosis. In conclusion % Parasitic infestation was quite high in both animal species. So, a defined de-worming schedule should be followed in the study area. As FMD in cattle and PPR in goat were also high, the strict vaccination schedule along with good standard of farm hygiene and bio-security should be followed. Dog bite was also problem for goats and so proper care should be taken if it is bitten by rabid dogsItem A survey on husbandry practices by cat owners in Dhaka city, Bangladesh(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Khulshi,Chattogram, 2023-08) Aneek Chanda, Aneek ChandaThe present study was accomplished at Teaching and Training Pet Hospital and Research Centre, Dhaka, during May-June, 2023. The study was aimed to know the husbandry practices by cat owners of Dhaka city. In this study, about 100 cats were induced. The data were collected from the owners through a conducted questionnaire. The data demonstrated that most of the owners were keen to keep Local breed (50%) and Persian (43%) cats and most of them preferred only one or two cats. Most of the cats visited the hospital were less than 1 year of age. The practice of sterilization was not so common (28%) and owners mostly preferred intensive housing system to rear their pets. Homemade feed (46%) and a combination of homemade and commercial feeds (42%) was main preference of owners to feed their cats. Vaccination (60%) and deworming (42%) was pretty common in those cats although a huge variety of health issues were observed among the cats. The study was performed in a limited area. As a result, large scale study is required to find out the real scenario of husbandry practices by cat owners across the countryItem Study on The scenario of nutrition in pregnancy and Bangladesh(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, Khulshi,Chattogram, 2023-10) Hossain, Md. Mayen UddinA healthy balanced diet is important at all times in life, but particularly so during pregnancy. The maternal diet must provide sufficient calorie and nutrients to meet the mother’s usual requirements, as well as the needs of the growing fetus, and enable the mother to lay down stores of nutrients required for fetal development as well as for lactation. Consequently, deficiency causes neonatal abnormalities and mortality. Questionnaire based 82 breeding cat’s data were collected randomly and then analyzed. Among them, feeding of homemade food practiced in 53.66% (44), commercial in 13.41% (11) and both homemade and commercial feeding practiced in 32.93% (27). In 59.76% (49) cases found pet owners provide commercially available vitamins and minerals during pregnant periods, where 40.24% (33) owners avoid providing any supplements to their pets. Highest percentage (42.69%/35) of first time matted female cat found in between 7-12 months of age and lowest (9.76%/8) in more than 18 months of age. Complications during pregnancy and at the time of parturition are very common in cats and in present study, 21.95 % (18) pregnant cats were experienced dystocia. The average litter size in cats is 4.0 kittens per litter but varies among breeds. Medium litter size (3-4) found in 56.10% (46) cases, large size (>4) in 35.56% (29) cases and small size litter in 8.54% (7) cases. The study found an overall 76.83% neonatal death where 18.29% were in in vivo death, 34.15% in in vitro death and 24.39% in both cases. Congenital anomalies occur when kittens do not develop properly in utero and congenital anomalies were seen in 15.85% (13) cases and malnourished kitten also found in 42.68% (35) cases. These results exhibit the need for owner awareness about the requirements of nutrient supplements during pregnancy as well as establishment of prophylaxis thus increasing life expectancy in the pet population.Item Status of Bengal monitor in Bangladesh.(Production Report Presented In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree DVM (Doctor of Veterinary Medicine) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine CHITTAGONG VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, KHULSHI, CHITTAGONG-4225, 2010) Rahman, MD. KaisarA nine month study of the Bengal Monitor in Bangladesh was conducted to analyze the common characteristics, behavior and other related characteristics. The aim of the study was to know variety of Bengal Monitor in Bangladesh, their behavioral characteristics, physiological status, reproduction, nutrition, diseases and other related traits. The method of this study include observation, photography, query from internet and people around. Bengal Monitor are native to Southeast Asia and West Asia. In Bangladesh Bengal monitor are common, mostly in villages. The Bengal Monitors have long bodies, short legs, and thick coat with coarse texture. These are terrestrial (although the young are often seen on trees), diurnal solitary hunters that search during the day till late evening; active in the early morning and early evening in search of reptiles. They are not so domesticated; but can be tamed to a considerable extent. They are alert and usually shy and avoid humans. It exhibits a cautious routine exit-entry movement, i.e. coming very calmly out of the monitored burrow few hours after sunrise, and if the environment is found undisturbed, they go on foraging following a particular route in its territorial range and returning to the burrow just before sunset. Bengal Monitors are opportunistic hunters feeding mainly on frogs, fish, lizards, snakes and rodents. They are strictly carnivorous in nature.These poikilothermal hazard’s normal body temperature is 34.5⁰C. Mean body weight 6.72 to 7.18 kg. In general, Bengal Monitors attain sexual maturity within 2.5 to 3 years, incubation period is around 4 to 8 months. Average number of offspring is around 20. The life span of Bengal monitor is average 22 years. Like other reptiles the Bengal Monitor suffered by different kinds of diseases such as Septicemia, Septicemic Cutaneous Ulcerative Disease (SCUD), Necrotic Dermatitis, Abscesses, Infectious Stomatitis, Pneumonia, Otitis, Mycobacteriosis, Spinal Osteomyelitis etc.This is an threaten species, in Bangladesh and the number is decreasing day by day. This wild species play role for the nature and also beneficial to mankind.Item A Study on the Prevalence of Various diseases and disorders in Goats in Upazilla Veterinary Hospital, Baghaichari, Rangamati, Bangladesh.(Clinical report submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine CHITTAGONG VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY KHULSHI, CHITTAGONG-4225, 2015-12) Chakrabarty, SumadhuThe present study was conducted to determine the clinical prevalence of diseases and disorders in goats at the Upazilla Veterinary Hospital (UVH), Baghaichari Upazilla of Rangamti district during January to August, 2015. Total 199 cases of goats were recorded during this period. 16 different types of diseases and disorders in goats were diagnosed on the basis of clinical history, clinical signs and clinical examination. PPR was found to be the most prevalent (18.5%) while mastitis and naval ill were recorded to be least prevalent (0.5%). Overall month-wise disease prevalence during January-April (55.3%) period considered as summer season was found more than that of during May-August (44.7%) said to be rainy season in Bangladesh. Goats were recorded to be more susceptible to diseases during rainy season.Item Status and management of Asian elephant in Bangladesh(A production Report submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF VETERINARY MEDICINE, CHITTAGONG VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, KHULSHI, CHITTAGONG., 2015-11) Islam Gundu, Kazi Muhammad FakhrulThe elephant is now a critically endangered species in Bangladesh. About a hundred years ago, elephants were still abundant in most of the forests of Bangladesh, even in the Madhupur forests near Dhaka (the capital of Bangladesh). In that time the number of wild elephants was estimated to be 195-234, with 83-100 of them being trans-boundary elephants. In 2008-2009, Wildlife Trust of Bangladesh (WTB) and Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO) India, reported 100-120 wild elephants in Nalitabari of Sherpur and 50-70 in Durgapur of Netrokona, and 30-35 in Rangunia of Chittagong, based on a participatory rural appraisal and questionnaire survey. Beside this, there are 93 captive elephants in Bangladesh and its distribution is throughout the country related to circus party and hilly area for timber logging. Among the 17 government-owned elephants, 13 are engaged in hauling logs. Of the 93 captive elephants, 72 are used to haul logs, 17 are circus elephants, three are zoo elephants, and one is owned by Betbunia Police Station, Rangamati. Of the captive elephants, 55 are females and 38 are males. Of the captive elephants, 57 (27 males and 30 females) are under 30 years, of which 22 (15 males and 7 females) are under 10 years. It is studied that Habitat loss and fragmentation have had a severe impact on the wild elephant population in Bangladesh. A new threat to trans-boundary elephants is permanent fencing along international borders. Such fences built by India and Myanmar will seriously disrupt the regular movement of elephants between them and Bangladesh. There should be a compulsory nationwide, central elephant registry. Information on births, deaths, and transfers (including trading) of all domesticated elephants should be properly maintained. Therewith public awareness is also necessary to conserve these large herbivores to maintain the ecology.Item A STUDY ON EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HIGHLY PATHOGENIC AVIAN INFLUENZA (HPAI), IN CHITTAGONG, BANGLADESH.(Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Khulshi, Chattogram-4225, Bangladesh, 2011-01) Sharmin, AminaThe purpose of this study is to provide general information about avian influenza (bird flu) and specific information about one type of bird flu, called avian influenza A (H5N1¬) that has caused infections in birds in Bangladesh. The main materials in this study are based on the Department of Livestock Services (DLS), World Health Organization (WHO) and Office International des Epizootics (OIE) since February 5 2007, highly pathogenic (H5N1¬) avian influenza viruses has swept through poultry populations across Bangladesh, and parts of Chittagong. Their outbreaks are historically unprecedented in scale and geographical spread. Their economic impact on the agricultural sector of the affected region has been large. Influenza viruses are genetically unstable and their behaviors cannot be predicted, so the risk of further human cases persists. The human health implications have now gained importance, both for illness and fatalities that have occurred following natural infection, with avian viruses, and for the potential of generating a re-assortment virus that could give rise to the next human influenza pandemicItem The study of the beneficial effects of pet ownership on some aspects of human well-being and behaviors(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2022-09) Rahman, Md. SaidurThere is a long history of anecdotal and observational evidence of the mutual benefits of the pet ownership. The present research examined links between attachment to pets and physical and psychological well-being in different populations. To analyze the bonding between pets and human in relation to well-being in Dhaka city, Bangladesh, 82 data from 15th February to 15th March were collected and evaluated. Among them, small number pets reared by young owner (9.76%), medium number by old category owner (18.29%) and large number by middle aged owner (71.95%). 52.44% owners were female and 47.56% were male. Maximum 58.54% owners were married, 34.15% were unmarried and rest 7.32% were divorced. Highest 56.10% owners do not have any kids, 21.95% owners have only one (1) kid, 17.07% owners have two (2) kids and only 4.88% owners have three (3) kids. Regarding employment status of owners, 65.85% owners were employed and 34.15% were unemployed. 70.73% owners lived in a joint family and other 29.27% owners separately. 62.20% owners have experienced for short period pet ownership where 37.80% owners have long period pet ownership. 65.85% owners reared pets as companion and hobby purposes, 28.05% owners have pets for breeding purposes and only 6.10% owners use pets for security purposes. 41.46% owners have given their statement that there was not any effect on reduction of chronic diseases or mental state due to having pets, 9.76% owners found reduction of high pressure, diabetes and heart disease due to pet ownership and maximum 48.78% owners reduced anger, depression, loneliness and restlessness for rearing pets. 20.73% owners were exposed some disease conditions like ring worm, asthma, and allergic reaction duo to having pets in their house and rest 79.27% owners did not have exposed any problems for pet ownership. The results provide evidence that pet acquisition may have positive effects on human health and behaviors, and that in some cases these effects are relatively long term.Item Epidemiological and Serum Biochemical Studies On Lumpy Skin Disease Outbreaks In Banskhali Upazila, Chattogram(Chattogram Veterinary & Animal Sciences University, 2020-09) Barua, KarabiThis study investigated the current circumstances of Lumpy Skin Disease in cattle at Banskhali Upazila, Chattogram over a two month of internship period. Lumpy Skin Disease is an infectious disease of cattle with significant economic importance and has spread out in Asia like Bangladesh, India, etc region. LSD re emerges once again in this country as an important threat to livestock health and dairy industry in Bangladesh by outbreaks this year 2020. This clinical report aimed to study epidemiology of LSD in 2019, using data on reported outbreaks in Banskhali region with the aid of Upazila Veterinay Hospital, Banskhali. Descriptive statistics were computed on population at risk, number of cases, morbidity and mortality rate. It was assessed by the number of reported outbreaks across different unions with the help of temporal and spatial distribution of LSD in this area. The total morbidity rate was 12.53% and mortality rate was 0.121 % . Although the rate was vulnerable but the farmers has gone through a economic loss. This study was also carried out to determine the changes in serum biochemical values of cattle naturally infected with LSDV. For this study, blood samples were obtained from clinically affected animals and healthy animals (n = 15 positive group, n = 15 control group) .Serum hepatic and renal damages markers were measured by auto-analyzer. The results of serum biochemical analysis showed that the level of aspartate amino-transferase, alanine aminotransferase were below than normal range however it was not significant difference for liver cell damage. But alkaline phosphatase and albumin concentrations were markedly increased and creatinine concentration was decreased in serum from infected animals. These findings may help in developing effective treatment for LSDV infection.