2013

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    Effective Data Routing in Delay Tolerant Network Using Game Theory
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Raihan, Rumman; Hossain, Md. Rifat; Islam, Zahidul
    This paper explores the theoretical approach to improve existing Delay and Disruption Tolerant Networking routing algorithms using Game Theory. Game Theory is a systematic study of strategic interaction among rational individuals. DTN deals with networks in challenged environment. DTN focuses on deep space to a broader class of heterogeneous networks that may suffer disruptions, affected by design decisions such as naming and addressing, message formats, data encoding methods, routing, congestion management and security. DTN is part of the Inter Planetary Internet with primary application being deep space networks. The hypothesis behind modeling DTN routing as a game is based on understanding that routing is also a strategic interaction between the DTN nodes. This brings cognitive abilities leading to automated routing decisions.
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    Study of ZigBee Wireless Networking and Simulation Using OMNeT++ Simulator
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Ahmad, Shabir; Lisheshar, Ibrahim Wonge
    Wireless sensor networks have overseen a very rapid growth over the past few years. As the usage increases with time, the demand for efficiency and lower cost increases as well. ZigBee standard tries to meet these increasing demands by defining a low data rate, low cost and low power (battery powered) wireless network and control, with better sensitivity and larger coverage. This document gives an overview of the IEEE 802.15.4 standard and explains the various layers of the ZigBee network protocol. It also explains how a simulation based experimentation of the ZigBee network is conducted with the use of OMNeT++ simulator.
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    A study on standard grid substation
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Abuiweimer, Adham; Sheikh, Md. Al Amin; Chowdhury, Nayem Uddin; Mohamed, Hassan
    Electricity the most common form of energy is the indicator of economic development of a country. The demand of safe and reliable electricity is going up in such a rate that the present grid system cannot deal with the demand response. The traditional power grid is based on centralized generation plants that supply end-users via long-established, unidirectional transmission and distribution systems. But times are changing. Today’s demands for increased power supplies with higher reliability from cleaner and preferably renewable energy sources cannot be met with today’s grid infrastructure. We need an intelligent system that can receive power of all qualities from all sources – both centralized and distributed – and deliver reliable supplies, on demand, to consumers of all kinds. In other word we need a Standard Grid or Smart Grid. This thesis work is focused on this issue within a small scale grid designing which can be enlarged by proper implementation techniques. Performance analysis and data collection is done by surveying some local substations. The integration of renewable sources and other modern technologies to the grid made it more complex and time consuming to analyze the grid manually. So the use of software based simulation is the only way to perform any analysis with comparative results. The project endeavored to study the need and analysis of the performance of present power system to identify the weakness as well as to find a way to improve it within limited resource. ETAP is such a software tool that serves the purpose of analysis and possible development of the system using the simulation to provide the result. That’s why for some elementary system analysis ETAP is used with the practical data collected from substation survey.
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    Design and development of an external cardiac defibrillator
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Faisal, Arif Mohammad; Mahbub, Shahriar; Hashemy, Syed Fardeen
    Defibrillator is used for the treatment of fibrillation (an arrhythmia of heart). The technology of defibrillation was invented more than a century ago and it’s more than half a century since it’s been used on human being. Almost all the industries and public places of the developed countries keep Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs). This technology has advanced to such a stage that wearable and implantable defibrillators are used at a frequent rate by the patient of the developed countries. But like many other inventions of science this invention also failed to reach all the people around the world. In the third world countries yet there are hospitals where there is not a single external defibrillator which could have saved a lot of lives. Coronary Heart Disease Deaths in Bangladesh is 163,769 or 17.11% of total deaths (WHO, April 2011). This death rate ranks Bangladesh 25 in the world. Price of defibrillators imported to Bangladesh varies from 3 lakhs to 15 lakhs or more. So most often government hospitals and private clinics cannot afford to keep sufficient defibrillators. Again once these devices start malfunctioning they cannot be repaired locally. Sometimes device warranty also doesn’t work out. People of the remote areas, attacked by fibrillation die long before reaching the town hospitals. Every minute passes, the chance of a patient attacked by fibrillation coming back to life decreases. A defibrillator at the union health complex could have changed the picture. As a populated place & an international university IUT Medical Center must have at least one defibrillator also as anyone at any time might be attacked by fibrillation. All these things motivated us to go for a locally made defibrillator which would be cheap but efficient, easy to handle & easy to repair. We have a hope to launch it commercially without any profit. Thus this technology will reach the people of all classes and save the lives of a lot of people. The defibrillator circuit was built using locally available equipment. Several circuits were made proceeding from the simpler to the complex one. For high voltage generation CRT TV Flyback Transformer has been used which is available at the market within 300tk only. The main cost of the device is the capacitor. The cost of the defibrillator is about 1, 20,00tk only, which will be affordable to the poor people also.
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    Design and development of microstrip patch antenna array
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Sadaqat, Risalatus; Muzahid-ul-Iftekhar, Md.
    In this work, a microstrip patch antenna array is designed A rectangular patch is used as the basic element for the array. The unit and array radiation pattern are obtained by simulation and by Dolph-Chebyshev synthetic technique. The performances of the Dolph-Chebyshev array are compared with those of the uniform configuration. The weighting factors of the array are determined under the designed constraint such as side lobe level (SSL). It has been observed that the performance of the Dolph-Chebyshev array is better than that of the uniform array. Finally, critical needs for further research and development for this antenna are identified.
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    Neural network based ECG arrhythmia performance optimization
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Karim, Jamshed; Abedin, Md. Shajjadul; Hoque, Yasir
    Any disturbance in the activity of heart that can cause irregular heart rhythm is known as cardiac arrhythmia. Electrocardiogram (ECG) is one of the most promising tools for detecting different types of arrhythmia, which is necessary until it goes fatal and causes loss of life. For detecting ECG arrhythmia Different techniques have been used till now. But one problem that most of the detection methods have faced is the trade-off between speed and accuracy. So in this thesis work we have tried to create a bridge among these two. We have tried to maintain a good processing speed to detect the ECG abnormality by maintaining a good accuracy rate. In this thesis work we have mainly chosen Neural Network based algorithm to detect arrhythmia but before choosing that we have also worked with two other techniques which are Wavelet packet transform and Non-linear based model. In the detection of the abnormality of ECG beat Leverberg-Marquardt algorithm in the Neural Network model has been used as it is the mostly appraised algorithm for its high processing speed. From this thesis work, the final result creates a balance between the speed and accuracy in the detection of ECG arrhythmia which can be improved in future through more research. So this Neural Network based thesis work comes with an option of choosing a method which balances the detection speed and accuracy as well as comes with a great scope of improvement
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    Strain Estimation Techniques Using MATLAB Toolbox for Tissue Elasticity Imaging
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Ahmed, Sabbir; Bhuiyan, Tehjib Alim; Khan, Waliul Islam
    Ultrasound is a widely used modality for both therapy and diagnosis in medicine and Biology. Currently, in the field of medical diagnosis, ultrasound is responsible for about one in five of all diagnostic images. This research project examines the applicability of strain estimation algorithms to improve the clinical value of tissue elasticity images. Pathological changes can be frequently correlated to changes in soft tissue stiffness. Despite the fact that many cancers often manifest themselves as stiff focal lesions, there location and shape can make them difficult, if not impossible, to detect during a palpation-based physical examination. The mechanical properties of tissue cannot be measured 7 | P a g e directly using any current imaging modality. However, an ultrasound-based technique known as elastography has evolved over the last fifteen years which is capable of estimating relative strain distributions in soft tissue. Under certain conditions, these strain images (elastograms) can give a clear depiction of the underlying tissue stiffness distributions, and thus, can be used as a clinical tool for the detection of pathological lesions. Conventionally elastographic techniques estimate tissue strain by tracking spatial features found in congruent pairs of ultrasonic echo backscattered signals before and after a small, quasistatic compression is applied to the tissue surface via the ultrasound transducer. Although this technique has shown promise from a clinical perspective in detecting both benign and malignant lesions of the breast and prostate, it is sensitive to extraneous motions that ultimately compromise the strain estimation procedure. To alleviate this problem, the applicability of strain estimation algorithms and techniques were examined. Both simulation and experimental (in vitro) results obtained using an elastographic phantom indicate that this approach holds promise to improve the clinical value of the images produced. Also, initial results obtained using a novel elastographic animal model further support the efficacy of spectral-based strain imaging in vivo.
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    A comparative study of linear and non-linear controller design and implementation for dc-dc buck converter
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Khan, Mahboob Ali; Khan, Salman; Muaileq, Mohanad A. A.
    Control applications of switched mode power supplies have been widely investigated. The main objective of research and development (R&D) in this field is always to find the most suitable control method to be implemented in various DC/DC converter topologies. In other words, the goal is to select a control method capable of improving the efficiency of the converter, reducing the effect of disturbances (line and load variation), lessening the effect of EMI (electro-magnetic interference), and being less effected by component variation. With the speed improvement and cost reduction of digital control, digital controller is becoming a trend for DC-DC converters in addition to existed digital monitoring and management technology. In this thesis, digital control is investigated for DC-DC converters applications. To deeply understand the whole control systems, DC-DC converter models are investigated based on averaged state-space modeling. Considering Buck DC-DC converter, the thesis takes it as an example for digital control modeling and implementation. In Chapter 3, unified steady-state DC models and small-signal models are developed for DC-DC buck converters. Based on the models, digital and analog controllers design is implemented. In Chapter 4, digital modeling platforms are established based on Matlab /Simulink, Digital and analog PID design and corresponding simulation results are provided. Also some critical issues and practical requirements are discussed. Chapter 5, describes in detail SMC (Sliding Mode Controller) and a briefly reviews the history of SMC. In the next section, a review of the theory of SMC is given, more particularly; the existence condition, the reaching condition, the system description in sliding mode, the chattering. The researches on and applications of SMC in electrical systems are shown. The SMC is implemented to the DC/DC Buck converter. The results are verified with the simulation results. Finally, the researches on and applications of the SMC for DC/DC converters are given in details. In Chapter 6, fuzzy logic control is introduced based on that knowledge an intelligent self- tuning fuzzy PID controller is proposed for the control of buck converter. The fuzzy logic control is used to tune the proportional, integral and derivative gain of the conventional PID controller. The compensated power converter is tested using the Simulink model in the presence of the disturbances, and it is shown that the self-tuning fuzzy controller is capable of keeping the power converter output voltage within the operating requirements, while improving system speed and stability. In Chapter 7, a DSP-based digital controller is implemented with the TI‗s DSP chip TMS320F2812. Related implementation methods and technologies are discussed.
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    An approach for classifying ECG arrhythmias by feature extraction method
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-11-15) Farhan, Ahmed; Islam, Md. Sanaul; Hossain, S.M. Towhid
    The irregularity of heart beat is known as arrhythmia. This disease is sometimes very dangerous for a human body. It can cause death. So, proper treatment is a must in this case. Before treatment, proper diagnosis is needed. There are different types of arrhythmias. Treatment is different for different types. So, efficiently and correctly classification of ECG arrhythmias is a great challenge for treatment of this disease. There are a lot of techniques to classify the ECG signal. Some of them are very efficient, but the process is complicated. Again, some of them are easy and simple, but not very efficient. So, it is a great challenge for the researchers to find out a simple but efficient process for the classification. Our proposed method is quite simple and it is a general method for classifying ECG data. This method is based on extracting the features of ECG signal and classifying according to them. The efficiency of this method is quite good. We have used the MIT-BIH database for testing our method. This database is considered as the standard database in the whole world. We have trained some data for different types of arrhythmias and then taking those data as reference data, we tested other data and found out different features of the ECG signal. According to these features, we have classified Normal, Right Bundle Branch Block and Left Bundle Branch Block ECG signal. There are many other types of abnormal signal. In the future we will try to classify them. We have shown a comparison at the last of this thesis paper. From the comparison, we see that the efficiency of our method is good, but not better than most other methods. There are many scopes to improve our proposed method. So, we will try to improve the efficiency of this proposed method.
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    Power Flow Analysis
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh, 2013-10-15) Lawane, Yahia; Merfaq, Mazen; Hadi, Salim Abdou
    This thesis emphasis on the load flow analysis of a 114 bus system. Mat lab codes are used for the analysis. Gauss-Seidel method was the main method employed in the Matlab codes for the analysis. Gauss-Seidel method algorithm is centered on a Y-bus admittance matrix to define the voltage level of the system bus. Line losses and line flow power are then calculated by using the line flow algorithm. Apart from the 114 bus system, case studies with different number of bus system were conducted (for 14 bus and 30 bus).