Year 2022
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Item EFFECTS OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENTS CONTENT OF CAPSICUM (Capsicum annuum L.)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) REGISTRATION NO. 15-06843An experiment was carried out at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University (SAU), Sher-eBangla Nagar, Dhaka-1207 to study the effects of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, yield, and nutrients content of capsicum (Capsicum annuum L.) during the period from November 2021 to March 2022. The experiment considered 8 treatments viz. T 0 (control), T 1 (Recommended doses; RD of inorganic fertilizer), T 2 (Vermicompost - 3.5 t ha -1 ), T 3 (Poultry manure - 8 t ha -1 ), T 4 (50% vermicompost + 50% inorganic fertilizer of RD), T 5 (25% vermicompost + 75% inorganic fertilizer of RD), T 6 (50% poultry manure + 50% inorganic fertilizer of RD) and T 7 (25% poultry manure + 75% inorganic fertilizer of RD). The treatment T 5 (25% vermicompost + 75% inorganic fertilizer of RD) exhibited the highest plant height (51.93 cm) but the treatment T 4 (50% vermicompost + 50% inorganic fertilizer of RD) showed the highest number of leaves plant (9.47), flowers plant -1 (11.53), fruits plant -1 -1 (52.07 cm), branches plant (8.71), fruit length (89.93 mm), fruit diameter ( 67.27 mm), individual fruit weight (94.85 g), number of fruits plot -1 (40.67), yield plot (3859.00 g) and yield (19.30 t ha -1 ) whereas control treatment showed least performance. Regarding the nutrient content of capsicum, N content differed significantly and the treatment T 7 (25% poultry manure + 75% inorganic fertilizer of RD) showed the maximum N content (1.73%) whereas T 0 (control) treatment showed the lowest result (0.57%). P and K contents of fruit showed non-significant variation among the treatments. So, it can be concluded that the treatment T 4 (50% vermicompost + 50% inorganic fertilizer of RD) treatment was very much promising for higher capsicum production (ASTHA F1) followed by T 5 (25% vermicompost + 75% inorganic fertilizer of RD). Treatment of 50% vermicompost + 50% inorganic fertilizer of RD (T 4 ) can be recommended at farmers level to achieve higher capsicum production.Item PURITY ANALYSIS OF IMIDACLOPRID INSECTICIDE COLLECTED FROM JESSORE DISTRICT BY ULTRA HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY (UHPLC) WITH PHOTO DIODE ARRAY DETECTOR(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) FIROZ AHMED, KHONDOKAR MOHAMMEDThe present study introduces a UHPLC method that is simple, specific, and accurate in measuring the active component imidacloprid in the 20SL formulation. The analytical separation was conducted using a Waters Cortecs C18 column using an ultraviolet photodiode array (UV-PDA) detector at a wavelength of 272 nm. The method's validation results showed that the suggested method has good specificity with satisfactory linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.9994), short retention time, and peak area precision. The method's accuracy and precision revealed a significant recovery (98.9 - 101.2%) at the three-spiked level with excellent precision (less than 1.89% RSD). The chromatographic separation took around 5 minutes to complete under the established chromatographic conditions. The developed and validated method was used to determine the purity of mostly used and available of seven (7) selected imidacloprid marketed brands insecticide from twenty one (21) samples. The samples were collected from sadar upazilla of Jessore district during September 2021 and then the samples were carried to the food safety laboratory of the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka on the same sampling day. Among 7 different brands of imidacloprid insecticide samples, 5 (71.43%) were found 110-130% pure which means over standard of active ingredient (AI). Whereas one of the total tested brand was 80-90% pure, and the remaining one brand was below 10% pure. This means that farmers are using imidacloprid having either higher or less of AI than required. This study reflects the small scale scenario of the presence of AI in different marketed brands of imidacloprid insecticide, which will help the policy maker to be aware of quality control importance of the plant protection products.Item EFFECT OF LIMING AND GA ON GROWTH, YIELD AND SOME NUTRIENTS CONTENT OF STEVIA 1 3 (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) AKTER, MST. RUBAA field experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Regional Sugercrop Research Station Thakurgaon of Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI), during March 2021 to September 2021 to study the effect of lime and GA on growth, yield and nutrient content of stevia. The trail was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor A (lime), was used on treatment L 3 1 : Control, L 2 : 0.5 t ha , L 4 : 1.5 t ha -1 and L 5 : 2.0 t ha -1 . Factor B used gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) was H : 150 ppm, H 3 : 200 ppm H 4 : 250 ppm, H 5 : 300 ppm and H 6 1 : 350 ppm. Data were collected on plant height (cm), number of branch plant -1 , number of leaves plant -1 -1 , L 3 : 1.0 t ha : control, H , leaf area plant ), fresh weight plant -1 (g), dry weight plant -1 (g), fresh leaf yield plant -1 -1 (cm (g), dry leaf yield plant (g), fresh leaf yield ha -1 (kg), dry leaf yield ha -1 (kg), N(%), P (%), K (%), S (%), Ca (%), Mg (%), Zn (µg g -1 ) of stevia leaf, initial and post harvest soil analysis. Significant variations were observed on plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 in different level of lime application. Highest plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 was observed in L 3 (lime 1.0 t ha -1 ) treatment and the lowest was in L (control) treatment at 21 DAT to 147 DAT, respectively. Applying 300 ppm GA was the significant effect in increasing at 21 DAT to 147 DAT, respectively and the lowest plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 3 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant was observed in control (GA 3 ) treatment. The highest plant height, number of leaves plant , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 heights was in L (lime 1.0 t ha -1 × GA 3 300 ppm) treatment and the lowest was found in L 1 H at all growth stages. N, K, Mg, Zn content of stevia leaf was significantly affected by different levels of lime and GA 3 1 . The highest N, K, Mg, Zn content was observed when the plot was treated with lime 1.0 t ha -1 × 300 ppm GA 3 (L 3 H ) and the lowest N, K, Mg, Zn content was recorded in the control treatment. Significantly highest fresh weight plant 5 -1 , fresh weight ha -1 1 , dry weight plant , dry weight ha -1 was observed in L 3 treatment and lowest was observed in L treatment in stevia plant. The interaction effect of lime and GA 3 1 in most of the combination showed significantly the highest fresh weight plant -1 , fresh weight ha -1 , dry weight plant -1 , dry weight ha , fresh leaf yield ha -1 and dry leaf yield ha -1 was observed in L 3 H 5 and lowest was observed in L treatment. Thus, the application of lime and gibberellic acid (GA ) had positive impact on leaf yield components resulted in higher yield of study. From the result it can be recommended that lime 1.0 t ha -1 and GA 3 3 300 ppm is suitable for field cultivation of stevia production. Therefore, these findings infer that lime 1.0 t ha -1 and GA 300 ppm might help in producing more stevia leaf in Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain soil especially in Northwest of Bangladesh for environment friendly management practices.Item EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND NAPTHELIC ACETIC ACID ON GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF STEVIA (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) HOSSAIN, MD. SOHAGThe experiment was conducted to study the effect of nitrogen and napthelic acetic acid on growth, yeild and nutrient content of stevia. The trail was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments (nirogen) used were N 1 : control, N 2 : 105 kg ha -1 , N 3 : 140 kg ha -1 , N 4 : 175 kg ha -1 , N 5 : 210 kg ha -1 . The applied napthelic acitic acids (NAA) were H 1 : control, H 2 : 50 ppm, H 3 : 100 ppm and H 4 : 150 ppm. Data were collected on plant height (cm), number of branch plant -1 , number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant ), fresh weight plant (g), fresh leaf yield ha -1 (g), dry weight plant -1 -1 (kg), dry leaf yield ha (g), fresh leaf yield plant -1 -1 -1 (cm (g), dry leaf yield plant (kg), N(%), P (%), K (%), S (%), Ca (%), Mg (%), and Zn (µg g -1 ) of stevia leaf along with initial and post harvest soil analysis. Significant variations were observed in plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 in different level of nitrogen application. Significant the highest plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 was observed in N 3 -1 (cm 2 treatmnet and the lowest was observed in N 1 (control) treatment at 21 DAT to 147 DAT, respectively. Applying 100 ppm NAA was the significant effect in increasing height in H 3 (100 ppm NAA) at 21 DAT to 147 DAT, respectively and the lowest plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 was observed in control (NAA) treatment. The highest plant height, number of leaves plant -1 , leaf area plant -1 (cm 2 ) number of primary and secondary branch plant -1 heights was found in N 3 H 3 treatment and the lowest was found in N 1 (with no nitrogen application × with no NAA application) at all growth stages. The N, K, Mg, and Zn content of stevia leaf was significantly affected by different levels of nitrogen and NAA. The highest N, K, Mg, and Zn content was observed when the plot was treated with nitrogen140 kg ha -1 × 100 ppm NAA (N 3 H 3 ) and the lowest N, K, Mg and Zn content was recorded in the control treatment. Significantly highest fresh weight plant -1 , fresh weight ha -1 -1 (cm 2 H 1 , dry weight plant , dry weight ha -1 was observed in N 3 treatment and lowest was observed in N 1 treatment in stevia plant. The intraction effect of nitrogen and NAA in most of the combination should significantly the highest fresh weight plant -1 , fresh weight ha -1 , dry weight plant -1 , dry weight ha , fresh leaf yield ha -1 and dry leaf yield ha -1 was observed in N 3 H 3 -1 treatment and lowest was observed in N 1 treatment. The intraction effect of nitrogen and NAA in most of the combination should significantly the highest fresh weight plant -1 , fresh weight ha -1 1 , fresh leaf yield ha -1 and dry leaf yield ha -1 was observed in N 3 , dry weight plant H 3 and lowest was observed in N 1 H 1 treatment. Thus, the application of nitrogen and napthelic acitic acid had positive impact on leaf production resulted in higher yield economic stevia. From the result it can be recommended that nitrogen 140 kg ha -1 and NAA 100 ppm is might be suitable for commercial field cultivation of stevia production in Bangladesh.Item HEAVY METALS IN POTATO CHIPS AND MANGO JUICE AVAILABLE IN DHAKA CITY(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) REGISTRATION NO: 20-11139This study determined the heavy metal contents of ten mango juice samples and ten potato chips samples. The samples were collected from the Dhanmondi and Mirpur area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Five mango Juice and five potato chips, total ten samples were collected from Dhanmondi and another five mango juice and five potato chips samples were collected from Mirpur. In order to determine the concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr & Pb) in 20 samples sold under different brand names and readily available in Dhaka, Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer, AAS-Analytik Jena 400P was utilized. Lead was present beyond safety limit in samples number 3 and 4 but in number 10, almost reached the safety limit, Sample number 11, which was mango juice collected from Dhanmondi, contained lead just below the safety limit and the values were respectively 0.11 mg/L, 0.17 mg/L and 0.09 mg/L. This result showed that in the case of lead, potato chips contained more lead than mango juice. Alternatively in potato chips, chromium was found in sample 3 collected from Dhanmondi crossed the safety limit. Meanwhile mango juice sample number 16 almost reached the safety limit and in number 17 also crossed the safe limit, both were collected from Mirpur area and values were subsequently 1.05 mg/L, 0.94 mg/L and 1.41 mg/L. The result showed that mango juice had more chromium than potato chips. However, no cadmium was found in the samples, all were below the detection limit. Lead, chromium, and cadmium can be harmful, especially for children. Therefore, the presence above the permitted limit is alarming. Mango juice and potato chips are highly well-liked snacks among young people, especially kids. However, the health risks shown in the study, discovered that the makers need to be more careful in removing this dangerous ingredient. Additionally, the guardian needs to be extra watchful. Consumers and food safety authorities can utilize these findings improve the quality these food products. For covid-19 situation, the research work was done with limited resources as the number of collected samples was less in number and also the number of targeted heavy metals was limited.Item ANALYSIS OF DIFENOCONAZOLE, DIMETHOATE, CHLORANTRANILIPROLE, PYMETROZINE RESIDUES ON BRINJAL FRUITS COLLECTED FROM DIFFERENT FIELDS AND MARKETS OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) REGISTRATION NO. 20-11122, MST. JAKIAThe study was conducted to analyze difenoconazole, dimethoate, chlorantraniliprole, pymetrozine residues on brinjal fruits collected from different fields and markets of Bangladesh during November 2021. The collected samples were analyzed using modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) extraction technique and LC-MS/MS for the determination of pesticide residues in 50 field samples and 50 market samples of brinjal. Among the 50 analyzed field samples, pymetrozine was detected in 4 samples (8%), dimethaote was detected in 10 samples (20%), difenoconazole was detected in 6 samples (12%) and chlorantraniliprole was detected in 7 samples (14%). In 50 market samples, pymetrozine was detected in 2 samples (4%), dimethaote was detected in 5 samples (10%), difenoconazole was detected in 4 samples (8%) and chlorantraniliprole was detected in 8 samples (16%). All of the samples detected with pymetrozine, dimethaote, difenoconazole residues has residue above Maximum Residue Level (MRL).Item DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS FROM PESTICIDE(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) FERDOUSI, MST. JAKIAThis study was carried out at the laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry Department, Sher-eBangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, from the month of June 2022 to April 2023 for the determination and risk analysis of heavy metals in different pesticide samples collected from different places in Bangladesh. Three places namely (1) Monirampur, Jessore, (2) Barinagar, Jessore, (3) Mithapukur, Rangpur was selected for sample collection. Samples were collected on four groups namely (i) Carbamate, (ii) Imidachloprid (iii) Organophosphate and (iv)Pyrithroid. Total thirty eight samples were considered for the present study. Atomic absorption spectroscopy analysis was used to determine lead (Pb), chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd) in sample pesticides. It was found that the levels of heavy metals in pesticides varied from group to group. Some concentrations of Pb, Cr, and Cd in pesticide samples some were higher and some were lower than the acceptable limit recommended by FAO/WHO. According to FAO/WHO, the maximum allowable concentration for Pb, Cr and Cd are 0.3, 2.3 and 0.2 mg/L respectively. Among 38 samples 12 samples were contaminated with lead (Pb) concentrations and these were belonged to organophosphate group. Single factor pollution index (PI) indicates that some of pesticide samples are contaminated (PI>1) and some are yet not contaminated (PI<1). In case of sum of pollution index (SPI), sample Dursban of organophosphate group showed the highest SPI (2.58) whereas the lowest SPI (0.32) was found in Jubas of pyrithroid group. Again considering metal pollution index (MPI), the highest MPI (0.250) was at sample pesticide Starban of organophosphate group whereas the lowest MPI (0.028) was at sample pesticide Genethrin of pyrithroid group. Government should monitor the imported pesticide to reduce the contamination with heavy metals with different methods of heavy metal detections. Presence of heavy metal in pesticide regarding Pb, Cr and Cd is harmful if it is higher than acceptable limit recommended by FAO/WHO.Item HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT THROUGH QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF HEAVY METALS IN VEGETABLES FROM THE SOUTHWEST PARTS OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) ROY, KEYAA study was conducted to assess the human health risk through the quantitative determination of heavy metals (Pb, Cu, Cd and Cr) from vegetables in the southwest part of Bangladesh. Samples of vegetables and soils were collected from nine upazila of three districts- Satkhira (Assasuni, Kaliganj, Shyamnagar); Jashore (Jikragacha, Monirampur Sorsha); Khulna ( Koyra, Paikgacha, Dumuria).Vegetable species e.g., Spinach, Tomato, Calabash, Cauliflower, Kohlrabi, Cabbage, Red Amaranth, and Bean. The highest Pb and Cd concentration were found in the Assasuni, Satkhira which were higher than the FAO/WHO permissible limits (0.1 mg kg for Pb and 0.05 mg kg -1 for Cd) in most of the vegetables indicating might pose higher risk. The highest Cr concentration was found in Assasuni, Satkhira and the lowest in Khulna and Jashore which were lower than the FAO/WHO permissible limits (2.30 mg kg ) except for a few vegetables in Satkhira that indicated Cr did pose a high risk. The highest Cu concentration was found in Kaliganj, Satkhira, and the lowest was found in Shyamnagar, Satkhira. The trend of Transfer Factor for heavy metals was in order: Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr. The highest Sediment Pollution Index value was found in Spinach (258.98) in Assasuni, Satkhira, and the lowest value was found in Kohlrabi in Dumuria, Khulna. The highest Metal Pollution Index 9.40 mg kg was found in Assasuni, Satkhira and the lowest 0.105 mg kg -1 was found in Dumuria, Khulna. The cumulative non-carcinogenic health risk associated with vegetable consumption were assigned to Assasuni > Kaliganj > Shyamnagar in Satkhira; Monirampur > Sorsha >Jikragacha in Jashore and Paikgacha > Koyra >Dumuria in Khulna. The cumulative cancer risk for multiple metals for Pb, Cd and Cr of all studied locations was higher than the unacceptable limit (>10 -4 ) which indicates heavy metals may pose a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health hazard . So, steps were needed to alleviate heavy metal pollution in the vegetable fields to protect the consumer’s health.Item EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF ARSENIC ON GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRIENTS CONTENT OF BR-14, BRRI dhan58, BRRI dhan67, BRRI dhan88 AND BRRI dhan92(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) SARKER, MD. SHEHABAn experiment was conducted from November 2020 to April 2022 to study the effect of arsenic on the growth, yield and nutrients content of five boro rice varieties viz. V 1 (BR-14), V 2 (BRRI dhan58), V 3 ii (BRRI dhan67), V 4 (BRRI dhan88), and V 5 (BRRI dhan92) which were comprised of five arsenic treatments viz. As 0 (20 ppm), and As 4 (control; no arsenic added), As 1 (2 ppm), As 2 (40 ppm). In case of single effect, the maximum growth (plant height, leaf length, leaves number, total tillers number) were found in V 3 (BRRI dhan67) variety whereas minimum growth parameters for plant height and leaf length were found in V 5 , for leaves number V 4 and total tillers number were found in V 2 . The control treatment As 0 (no arsenic) gave the maximum growth that was decreased by increasing of As level. Maximum yield parameters number of grains, number of filled grains, thousand grain weight and grain yield were found in V 2 variety whereas minimum yield parameters (panicle length, number of panicle) were found in V 5 but maximum straw yield was observed in V 1 variety. The control treatment As 0 (no arsenic produced) gave the maximum yield, which was decreased by increasing of As level. In case of combined effect maximum plant height, number of grains per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, thousand grain weight and grain yield were found from V 3 As 0 treatment whereas maximum straw yield obtained from V 1 As 0 . P and K content decreased with increasing arsenic level but S and As content showed opposite trend. Maximum arsenic content was observed in V 4 As 4 treatment whereas minimum in controlled treatment. But considering everything it can be concluded that V 2 (BRRI dhan 58) performed best in terms of grain yield and As effect.Item ASSESSMENT OF METAL POLLUTION IN THE CROP FIELDS ADJACENT TO INDUSTRIAL AREAS OF KUSHTIA AND JHENIAIDAH DISTRICTS OF BANGLADESH(DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURAL CHEMISTRY, 2022) ARMUN, ALIn the present study, we investigated the heavy metals pollution in soil, water and crops collected from crop fields near the industrial area of the Kushtia and Jhenaidah districts. In case of water study low concentration of Pb(0.13-0.18 mg/kg) were present in all the studied location but Cd,Cu and Cr concentration were below detectable limits. In case of the soil sample, the mean Cr and Cu concentrations in the soil from the studied location were higher than the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO, indicating that the soil accumulate higher metals near industrial areas. In the case of the rice sample, the mean Pb and Cr concentration in rice grain from all of the studied locations was much higher than the permissible limits set by FAO/WHO, indicating the rice grain accumulate higher Pb and Cr from contaminated field soil. The results also indicate that the contamination factor (CF) values indicating only Cu(falling between 3-6) and Cr(greater than 6) pose significant to severe contamination in field soil, while all metals pose low contamination in water and rice grain samples collected from studied sampling sites(Below 1). The results of the study indicate that the contamination degree (CD) of the water and rice grain samples collected from different industrial areas in the Kushtia and Jhenaidah districts was found to be low(Below 1). However, the field soil samples collected from the same areas exhibited a moderate degree of contamination. A Pollution Load Index (PLI) greater than 1 indicates that the soil samples collected were significantly contaminated with metals.But the PLI values found in the water and rice grain samples were below 1, which means that their contamination levels are low.