2011, Janu (Vol. 5, No. 1)
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Item PARAMETERS OF CONDEMNATION OF ORGANS AND CARCASSES IN SLAUGHTERED CATTLE AND GOATS OF COMMERCIAL ABATTOIR IN BANGLADESH(Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Research System (SAURES), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011-01) Hossain, M. M.; Islam, M. K.; Rahman, M. A.; Talukder, A. K.; Islam, M.This study identified the common causes of condemnation of slaughtered cattle and goat in a commercial abattoir in Bangladesh. A total of 8,604 cattle and 27,699 goats were slaughtered for the period of July 2007 to June 2008. All the procedures of standard abattoir were followed to get hygienic meat. Ante-mortem examination and postmortem inspection was done with due attention. In cattle liver and lungs are first list organs for condemnation and incidence of affection is 78% in liver and 19.3% in lungs. Fascioliasis is the leading cause of liver condemnation in cattle (75.5%). Hydatidosis affection found both in liver and lungs but the incidence rate is higher in lungs. Abscess is also a disease responsible for organ condemnation particularly in liver (1.4%), lungs (6.1%) and kidneys (I. I%). In goats, a total of 7,278 organs were condemned due to several diseases or conditions namely fascioliasis, hydatidosis, cysticercosis, abscess, pnemonia and tumor. Among them 5,55 I cases were liver (76.3%) and 1,296 cases were lungs (17.8%). Fascioliasis is the leading cause of liver condemnation in goat (94.8%) where pneumonia is for lungs condemnation (69.5%) in goat. However hydatidosis cause both liver (4.6%) and lungs (23.2%) damage at the point of condemnation. Liver, lungs and kidneys abscess are responsible for organ condemnation. Cysticercosis (16.3%), gluteal abscess (15.6%) and grass seed poisoning (6.4%) are also the causal factors of condemnation. The results suggested that the highest incidence of organ condemnation is found in liver and lungs caused by fascioliasis and pnemonia in cattle and goats respectively and grass seed poisoning is the single cause for whole carcass condemnation in goat. The results of the present study concluded that liver and lungs are organs of various affections and mandatory to condemn.Item INFLUENCE OF PLANT POPULATION AND WEED MANAGEMENT PERIODS ON CROP-WEED COMPETITION OF GROUNDNUT(Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Research System (SAURES), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011) Islam, M. S.; Akhter, M. M.; Haque, M. M.; Islam, M. S.; Saneokaoka, H.Population density and weed competition in crops constitute the main limiting factors for groundnut crop yields in Bangladesh. An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during April to August, 2008 to investigate the optimum population density and the most appropriate weeding period of groundnut. Two plant population viz. i) 200,000 (D,) and ii) 400,000 plants ha·1 (D2) and seven weed competition periods viz. i) No weed competition (Well), ii) weed competition for the first 25 DAS and thereafter weed tree (we I), iii) weed competition for the first 40 DAS and thereafter weed free (We2), iv) weed competition for the tirst 55 DAS and thereafter weed tree (We), v) weed competition tor the first 70 DAS and thereafter weed tree (WC4), vi) weed competition for the first 85 DAS and thereafter weed tree (Wes) and vii) weed competition up to harvesting (WC.) were studied. It was evident from the result that yield and yield contributing all characters except number of primary branches, total pods and mature pods, were increased at a plant density of 400000 plants ha·'. Weed competition period for the first 40 DAS and thereafter weed free up to crop harvest emerged out positive responses on yield and yield contributing characters.Item EXPRESSION PATTERNS OF AN ABIOTIC STRESS-INDUCIBLE ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR-4 GENE, LeERF4, IN TOMATO(Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Research System (SAURES), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011) Islam, M. S.; Siddikee, M. A.; Knarr, A. A.; Wang, M. H.A full length cDNA encoding Lycopersicum esculentum ethylene responsive factor-4 (designated as LeERF4) was isolated and investigated the expression pattern of LeERF4 in tomato plant under different abiotic stresses from the tomato plant. Phylogenetic analysis based on the deduced amino acid sequence of the LeERF4 cDNA from tomato revealed a high sequence similarity to other ethylene responsive genes. Southern blot analysis showed that LeERF4 is a duplicate copy gene in the tomato genome. The organ specific expression profiling indicated that LeERF4 was expressed in all tested organs. The highest expression was found in young leaves and flowers compared to other tested organs. Northern blot analysis revealed that various environmental stresses such as salt, drought, coldness, ethylene and MY induced significant expression of LeERF4 but not expressed by the treatment of ABA. These results suggested that the LcERF4 plays an important role in tomato responses to abiotic stress and may be useful in improving plant tolerance to abiotic stressItem EFFECT OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PHOSPHORUS ON THE YIELD AND NUTRIENT USE EFFICIENCY OF T. AMAN RICE(Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Research System (SAURES), Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2011) Islam, M. S.; Solalman, A. R. M.; Karirrr, A. J. M. S.; Rahman, G. K. M. M.; Haque, M. M.A field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of combined use of organic and inorganic phosphorus (P) sources on yield contributing characters, yield and nutrient use et1iciency of T. Aman rice. Eight treatments including a control, a recommended doses of inorganic fertilizers and six other treatments which were combinations of inorganic and organic fertilizers where 50 % and 75 % of recommended doses of P were provided by using triple super phosphate (TSP) and the remaining 50 % and 25 % of P were amended by using either cowdung (CD), poultry manure (PM) or household waste (HW). The nutrient P as per treatments and nitrogen (N), potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) as per recommended dose were applied. Combined application of inorganic and organic sources of P significantly increased the yield and yield contributing characters ofT. Aman. The effect of PM was prominent than that of CD and HW. The treatment T. receiving 50 % P through TSP and 50 % P through PM produced the highest grain yield of T. Aman rice (4.34 tlha) and also showed the highest % recovery efficiencies (RE), agronomic et1iciencies (AE) kg/kg, physiological efficiencies(PE) kg/kg and internal efficiencies (IE) kg/kg of nitrogen(N) but failed to increase the physiological efficiencies(PE) kg/kg and internal efficiencies (IE) kg/kg of phosphorus(P).Thus, the present study indicated that the use of both organic and inorganic source of P is an effective way to enhance the yield and increase the nutrient use et1iciency (NUE) for T. Aman rice.