MPhil Thesis
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Item Vulnerability to Water-Logging and Livelihood Security in South-Western Region of Bangladesh(University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 2020) Rahman, Md. Mahmudur; Paul, Shitangsu KumarWater logging constitutes the main hazard in the South-West region of Bangladesh. The severity of this hazard turns into a disaster and creates vulnerability due to existence of high population density with poor socio-economic status. Thus, this study examines the present status of the vulnerability situation of the affected households by water logging with the reference of Jessore district, the worst affected area by water logging. Moreover, this study looks into the livelihood security status and tries to sort out its significant determinants. The study uses field survey data and several mathematical and statistical methods to obtain the objective and total sample size are 377 out of 20576 households for measuring vulnerability, the study firstly uses Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for giving weights to each variable. Secondly, it adopts Leon's matrix for calculating vulnerability score for each factors. Thirdly, the overall vulnerability level of the study area is calculated by aggregating the vulnerability scores of each factor. Livelihood security status is measured by using Household Livelihood Security Index. Moreover, the study applies econometric technique (2SLS) for determining the factors that influence the livelihood security of affected people by water logging. The study results reveal that rural people in the study area face the problems of social disruption in terms of school, housing, health, sanitation and market facilities. It is found that 40. 34 percent households are in very high vulnerable condition and on an average; overall livelihood security is lower in the study area. The estimation of econometric model finds that all the security variables (economic, food, education and health) positively influence the economic security in the study area whereas family size and dependency ratio are significantly negatively associated with economic security as expected. Therefore, the study recommends facilitating financial and capital supports and livestock/fisheries based livelihoods may be encouraged. Trial and error based education enhancing programs are also marked as suitable policy of improving livelihood security status.Item Hydrological Characteristics of Barino Tract: A Case Study of Tanore Thana(University of Rajshahi, 2002) Ali, Md. Showkat; Shaikh, Md. Abu HanifWater is one of the main elements of hydrological parameters and is vial to all living beings. In all sectors of development activities, water plays a key role and all the ecological and biological establishments are depend upon the hydrological components. The present study is an attempt to focus on the hydrological characteristics of the Barind Tract: A case st11dy of Tanore Thana. Tanore Thana is an important thruia of Rajshahi district, situated in the high Barind and northwest parts of Bangladesh. The Barind is a rich heartland of agricultural resources. To study the hydrological characteristics of the study area, some hydrological and climatic data were felt necessary. BWDB is a . ·. data collection Bank. Hydrologic and climatic data were collected from BWDB and BMD. Other necessary data. were collected from different organizations. Quality of water was tested from the Phychology and Limnology lab of Botany department in Rajshahi University. To assessment, explain and analysis of the hydrological characteristics, data were first computed and plotted on the tables, then draw graphs and curves. ------Item Urbanization in North-Western Regions of Bangladesh(University of Rajshahi, 2013) Islam, Sangida; Rahman, M. AbdurUrbanization is one of the great discussion matters of the world in recent times. Bangladesh is considered to be in the primary stage of urbanization, The characteristic of Urbanization in Bangladesh is still low in terms of level, development and facilities or amenities are available in the country. But nature of overall growth is problematic and deserves much attention in all sectors of development authorities. Urbanization and development bring benefits to the urban society, it is an indicator of development and modernization, but when the urbanization becomes over, not uniform or uneven, uncontrolled and unpredictable, it creates various threats to the planners, development authorities and urban habitat for future development. Therefore, the study on "Urbanization in North-Western Regions of Bangladesh" is very much significant. Basically, the main thirst of this study is to examine & provide the level of urbanization, spatial (inter districts) patterns and changing patterns in the level of urbanization, urban development and urban facilities or amenities are available in the country by and large focusing on the NorthWestern Regions of Bangladesh based on secondary data using Davidorich Model (Z-Score) to generate an understanding as its real urban characteristics of the study area. 16-variables have been chosen for the study. The main findings of the study are that urbanization of the study area is still low in respect of level and no remarkable changes have been found between 1991 to 2001. Though Bangladesh is a very small country m the world Map but at present, the trend of urbanization is not least, i.e., more than 23% of the people are living in the urban areas by creating both paralytic and parasitic effect on the other places and on the national economy of Bangladesh. But the urbanization of Bangladesh is still low in terms of level among the developed countries & developing countries of the world. The characteristic features of urbanization in Bangladesh are excess increase in urban population, largely due to natural growth, rural-urban migration and growing importance of local resources. In the recent times, increase of urban population, problems of urban planning & development, changing & attitudes of the peoples, urbanization and development has become a national issue of Bangladesh and has gained wide attention of scholars among a number of disciplines. Urbanization and development are interrelated matter and as a developing country, much research is required on urbanization and development of Bangladesh. ·So, an in-depth study on "Urbanization in North-Western Regions of Bangladesh" will contributes much to find out the actual problems and solutions for the national development planning and also urban scholars, planners, researcher for further study.Item Road Transport System of Greater Rajshahi District : A Geographical Analysis(University of Rajshahi, 1995) Khatun, Mst. Tajkera; Khan, Jafar RezaGreater Rajshahi district consists of four separate district viz-Naogaon, Natore, Nawabgonj and Rajshahi, with an area of 9456 km: having population of 6384068 (1991). In this study the spatial pattern of road transport system of the said district has been analyzed. Two main aspects of road transport system has been out lined in the present study I. e. the development of road, its density and distribution and the measurement of traffic volumes (vehicles, goods and passengers) of different nodes and routes of the study area. Though different types of vehicles are playing on road yet the author in this study considered only bus, Minibus, and truck as the intermodal (intercity) connecting vehicles. Out of 32 administrative units of the study area Boalia and Paba are considered as one node named Rajshahi and other six important nodes (Ahmedpur, Amnura, Baneswa, Banpara, Sampur and Walia) which are play an important role on the road transport system considered here as the nodes of the transport network of the study area. "There are 1400 km. of metaled and 11,387 km. of non-metaled road in the study area. Out of 1400 km metaled road 772 km are intemode connecting RHD road, which are divided into 43 routes by 37 nodes of the study area. Daily traffic volumes of 37 nodes of the study area are 4,906 vehicles. 13,570 tons of goods and 190,5000 passengers. On the basis of collected information the author in this study analyzed the data in three basic concepts: Such as a) Spatial Interaction: b) Network Analysis (m: = 7, 0= IO, a.= 0.10, p = 1.16, ¥=0.41, o = 20.86, Tl= 107.95) c) Urban Hierarchy.Item Tropical Cyclone Aila and Its Environmental Impact on Coastal region of Bangladesh(University of Rajshahi, 2015) Sultana, Mst. Monika; Rahman, Md. MizanoorBangladesh is among the world’s most disaster-prone countries and the frequency of natural disaster has increased in recent years. The coastal morphology of Bangladesh influences the impact of natural hazards on the area. Especially, in the southwestern area, natural hazards like tropical cyclone Aila impacts badly on coastal dwellers and environment and slow down the process of social and economic developments and environmental stability. The purpose of this research is to examine the environmental impact of tropical cyclone Aila in the light of physical and cultural environmental aspect and determine problems created because of environmental impact by underlying environmental, socio-economic and other relevant variables that related to the environmental impact in two remarkable cyclone-prone coastal villages of Bangladesh. Relevant data are collected from two cyclone prone coastal villages of south-western Bangladesh through structured questionnaire survey, key informant interviews and field observations. The questionnaire survey was conducted through simple random sampling procedure, and study villages were selected purposefully considering the severity of environmental impact of cyclone Aila. Both descriptive and inferential statistics are used to identify the factors responsible for environmental impact due to cyclone Aila and storm surge. In physical environmental aspect the study shows that cyclone Aila is cause of large-scale destruction of forest, land erosion, increased saline intrusion of water and soil, air pollution, uneven flood and so on. In cultural environmental aspect it seems that Aila is responsible for widespread deaths, loss of livestock and livelihoods, infrastructural damage, loss of sanitation sector, forced migration etc. All these impacts provoke loss of ecosystem, poverty, malnutrition, appearance of various diseases, school dropout and social unrest. The study also recommends some strategy to recover these problems.Item Impact of the stress of land use change on water resources: A case of Barind region(University of Rajshahi, 2013) Sarder, Md. Emran Ali; Ahmed, RaquibBangladesh is one of the biggest deltas of the world standing on the “Tropic of Cancer”. Various rivers such as the Padma, the Meghna, the Jamuna flow over this country. The north western part of Bangladesh is of distinctive characteristic which is known to be the Barind tract. Though this region is under developed and neglected, it plays an important role for our economic development. Land is the important natural resource. Land is used in various purposes. This land is being changed every day due to the increase of population. In case of taking the future development plan of any region, it is essential for anyone to have a better concept about land use change so as an under developed and inadvanced region, the Barind region displays the proper landuse change in this dissertation. So it becomes possible to accept more development plan in future. As the study area, four thanas of the Barind up land region have been accepted. The remotely sensed information has been used in this research in determining land use. In conventional system, the determination of land use is as expensive as tardy. Again accuracy is doubtful. It is possible to evaluate landuse change easily and within a short time by remotely sensed information due to repetition. Land use identification and change have been displayed in 1997 and 2006 by Landsat TM satellite image collected from “SPARRSO”, Bangladesh Space Research Organization. During this period the growth of settlement and forest of the study area is manifested as 6.15% and 48.17% respectively. The real development of the Barind region will happen by taking the proper future development plan evaluating land use change and contribute to the economy of the country which is essential for the country.