Browsing by Author "Rashid, Mamunur"

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A Hybrid Environment Control System Combining EMG and SSVEP Signal Based on Brain-computer Interface Technology
(SN Applied Sciences, 2021-08-23) Rashid, Mamunur; Bari, Bifta Sama; Sulaiman, Norizam; Mustafa, Mahfuzah; Hasan, Md Jahid; Islam, Md Nahidul; Naziullah, Shekh
The patients who are impaired with neurodegenerative disorders cannot command their muscles through the neural pathways. These patients are given an alternative from their neural path through Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems, which are the explicit use of brain impulses without any need for a computer's vocal muscle. Nowadays, the steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) modality offers a robust communication pathway to introduce a non-invasive BCI. There are some crucial constituents, including window length of SSVEP response, the number of electrodes in the acquisition device and system accuracy, which are the critical performance components in any BCI system based on SSVEP signal. In this study, a real-time hybrid BCI system consists of SSVEP and EMG has been proposed for the environmental control system. The feature in terms of the common spatial pattern (CSP) has been extracted from four classes of SSVEP response, and extracted feature has been classified using K-nearest neighbors (k-NN) based classification algorithm. The obtained classification accuracy of eight participants was 97.41%. Finally, a control mechanism that aims to apply for the environmental control system has also been developed. The proposed system can identify 18 commands (i.e., 16 control commands using SSVEP and two commands using EMG). This result represents very encouraging performance to handle real-time SSVEP based BCI system consists of a small number of electrodes. The proposed framework can offer a convenient user interface and a reliable control method for realistic BCI technology.
An evaluation of the role of technology and relationship in Banking: study on Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2007) Huda, S.S.M Sadrul; Chisty, Kazi Khaled Shams; Rashid, Mamunur
Banking has become increasingly competitive financial services industry with fragmented customer groups, their heterogeneous expectations and ever-changing global economic challenge. Besides, technology with sophisticated facility is making banking industry new every morning. To be fit against these challenges, it is necessary to appear close to the customers with technology driven long-term stable relationship. Reporting the attitude of the thirty banks' towards technology and relationship, this study documents the imperative importance of technology and relationship in profit maximization, increase in quality of service, reduction in cost of bank operation and diversification of bank income sources. The report shows that Private and Foreign Commercial Banks are pioneers banking facilities with technological development maintaining better relationship with the customers, while local public banks (NCB) are lagging behind.
Classification of EEG-Based Auditory Evoked Potentials Using Entropy-Based Features and Machine Learning Techniques
(IEEE, 2023-11-06) Islam, Thamina; Ahmed, Firoz; Ahmed, Nayem; Naziullah, Shekh; Islam, Md Nahidul; Rashid, Mamunur
Hearing loss is a prevalent impairment that disrupts interactions with others and individuals' learning abilities. Immediate and accurate diagnosis of hearing loss using Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, particularly Auditory Evoked Potentials (AEP), is considered the most effective approach to address this issue. The AEP signals, generated in the cerebral cortex in response to auditory stimuli, serve as the most reliable method for diagnosing deafness. This study introduces a novel approach for detecting hearing ability through the classification of EEG-AEP signals. The current experiment makes use of a publicly available dataset that contains AEP responses from 16 people who responded to auditory stimuli on either the left or right side. Sample Entropy is employed to extract the feature, capturing the complex temporal dynamics of the EEG signals. Four popular machine learning-based classifiers, namely Support Vector Machines (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Random Forest (RF), and Logistic Regression (LR), are utilized for classification purposes. The results indicate that SVM achieves the highest classification accuracy of 99.37% with subject-4 and the average accuracy of 90.74% is achieved with all subjects. This finding shows the effectiveness of Sample Entropy as a feature extraction technique for characterizing AEPs and highlights the potential of SVM as a robust classifier for the accurate identification of auditory stimuli localization. The accuracy achieved in this study indicates a promising direction for the development of reliable and non-invasive methods for hearing-related diagnoses.
Climate change discourse in national curriculum of primary education in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2023-04) Biswas, Ananda Kumar; Rashid, Mamunur
Bangladesh is one of the most climate-vulnerable countries in the universe based on its location. For minimizing the loss and damages of the negative effect of Climate change could be reduced by involving different stakeholders and educational institutes. Bangladesh adopted the first educational policy in 2010 where Environmental education including climate change is one of the objectives. To attain the objective of promoting awareness and knowledge, climate change education is the most demanding for the educational landscape in Bangladesh. National Curriculum of Primary Education has been setting some terminal competencies which are focused on climate change and environmental education or knowledge through textbooks. The aim of this research is to investigate the climate change discourses in the national curriculum, textbooks, and teacher views on climate change. The major findings of the research are, climate change content is very limited in the curriculum and textbooks, presentation is not logically well-organized, the same class with overlapped discourses, the teacher expressed the Content need to be regionalized, graphical presentation are not well-format or designed. This research also reflected the current scenario of climate change discourse in the national curriculum of Primary education.
Design and Optimization of a compact slotted microstrip patch antenna for low gain ultrawideband application around 3.6GHz
(East West University, 2018-12-28) Saym, Mir Md.; Rashid, Mamunur; Shathi, Luthfun Nahar
The purpose of the theses is to design a compact, cost efficient microstrip antenna using CST studio for 3.6 GHz band. After several combinations we’ve designed a antenna for low gain wireless application and the proposed antenna is also compatible with the upcoming 5G Telecommunication networking technology. We’ve used FR-04 as substrate and copper as conductive material, inset feeding technique to design the antenna. In simulation it is found that the BW of the antenna is 155MHz which is 4.27 % at -10dB point,1.05 VSWR and 5.98 dBi directivity at a remarkably compact size which is comparable other designed antennas published in International Journals.
Exploring educational transitions and cultural adaptations: Afghan female undergraduate student’s experiences in transitioning from Afghanistan to Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2023) Amani, Sidiqa; Rashid, Mamunur
This research examines the experiences of Afghan female undergraduate students in transitioning from Afghanistan to Bangladesh, specifically focusing on Exploring Educational Transitions and Cultural Adaptations. Data collection utilized a qualitative research approach with individual interviews both virtual and in-person conducted with a total of 15 participants. The outcomes of this investigation uncover that the educational background of these participants in Afghanistan was characterized by traditional teaching methods and a teacher-centered approach. Upon enrolling in Bangladeshi universities, Afghan students encountered a new teaching-learning environment and faced some challenges, including teaching methodologies, educational practices such as critical thinking, collaboration work, research, and language barriers. Additionally, they faced non-academic obstacles related to social, cultural, food, weather, and environmental adjustments, further complicating their academic pursuits in Bangladesh. Based on these findings, a set of recommendations is proposed for organizers of study-abroad programs in Bangladesh. These recommendations aim to provide support services tailored to the needs of Afghan female students, thereby enhancing their chances of academic success during their studies.
Exploring the capacity of government primary school teachers for conducting online classes during the COVID-19 pandemic
(BRAC University, 2024-04) Bintu, Nadia Afrin; Rashid, Mamunur
This is qualitative research to explore the capacity of government primary school teachers’ skill in conducting online classes in the context of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The research focuses on 3 areas: the current practices in Bangladesh to take online classes, the type of capacity government teachers has (in terms of creating a learning environment, digital knowledge and motivation) and what new capacity building is required for teachers. Ten teachers and ten students were interviewed from ten different government primary schools in Gulshan Education Thana. Interviews and focused group discussion (FGD) were conducted to collect the data. From the opinions, expressions and experience of the participants the research discovered that so far, the approach towards online classroom has been crisis management, only teacher-centric pedagogy has been used where students are struggling to retain attention. Lastly, teachers are facing difficulty in conducting the classes due to lack of digital skills, support, infrastructure, training in these areas as well as for motivation during this time of uncertainty.
Exploring the role of play-based learning in shaping early literacy skills among kindergarten children in Cambodia
(BRAC University, 2025-09) Shumi, Sumaia Islam; Rashid, Mamunur
This qualitative study explores the role of play-based learning in developing early literacy skills among kindergarten children in Cambodia. It focuses on how play activities support literacy, drawing on Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory and the idea of emergent literacy. The research also considers teachers’ views on using play in literacy lessons, their teaching methods, and the level of student involvement during play. It highlights the challenges teachers face when using play-based methods in their classrooms. Data was collected from kindergarten classrooms in both urban and rural areas of Cambodia through semi-structured interviews with teachers and observations of literacy activities. The study aimed to find common trends, challenges, and opportunities related to play in learning using thematic analysis. The results show that play-based learning improves children’s phonological awareness, vocabulary, storytelling, and understanding of print concepts. However, factors such as large class sizes, limited resources, and inadequate teacher professional development make it challenging to use these methods effectively. Teachers said they need more support from their schools, training tailored to their specific context, and teaching materials that reflect their cultural backgrounds. The study emphasizes the importance of policy changes, increased teacher support, and evidence-based approaches to enhance play-based learning as a crucial component of early literacy programs. These findings can help improve early childhood education by addressing systemic challenges and enhancing teacher skills, particularly in resource-constrained settings like Cambodia. The research also adds to wider discussions about fair and developmentally appropriate early literacy practices.
Homework practices and effectiveness: research among the pre and young adolescent children attending three private schools in Kathmandu
(BRAC University, 2023-06) Poudyal, Bibek Sharma; Rashid, Mamunur
The paper explores various aspects related to homework practices and their impact on students' academic achievements and mental health. The study reveals that private schools generally have well-equipped infrastructure that creates an ideal learning environment for students. The findings suggest that students' academic performance is closely linked to the assignments they receive, with higher-ranking students displaying a more positive attitude towards homework compared to lowerranking students. However, it is unclear whether assignments directly influence students' rankings or if their academic motivation shapes their perception of homework. The study notes that students often spend more time on homework than recommended, which can negatively impact their mental health and reflect the difficulty or volume of the assignments. Parental involvement is found to be significant, with positive engagement positively affecting students' attitudes and academic performance. In short, the study highlights the importance of considering individual student requirements, learning styles, and goals when determining the appropriate quantity and frequency of homework. The prevailing homework practices in the studied schools largely rely on traditional approaches, such as assigning textbook exercises. However, there is a need for adjustments and improvements in homework practices, including incorporating technology, designing differentiated and engaging assignments, and providing feedback to students. Recommendations include reevaluating homework load and curriculum, encouraging parental involvement, utilizing technology effectively, and implementing creative and differentiated approaches to assignment design. The paper concludes by emphasizing the importance of balanced and thoughtful homework practices that consider individual student needs, foster engagement and motivation, and support academic achievement and mental well-being. Further research and collaboration among educators, parents, and policymakers are recommended to refine and improve homework practices for the benefit of all students.
Investigating the challenges of first-generation learners in primary education in Narsingdi Sadar
(BRAC University, 2023) Maruf, Fazlul Haque; Rashid, Mamunur
This study examines the difficulties encountered by first-generation learners in primary school, with an emphasis on the socioeconomic and academic aspects. A qualitative approach was used to collect data from headteachers, assistant teachers, and students in grades 3 to 5.. The findings highlight major academic obstacles like language and math challenges that are made worse by economic inequality and a lack of tools for learning. Financial limitations, a lack of parental guidance, and the effect of mobile phones on education were all examples of socioeconomic obstacles. Sufficient educational initiatives were found to be necessary for tailored assistance. Teachers emphasized the value of community engagement and student-centred teaching strategies. The importance of parents' roles was highlighted, highlighting the need for greater understanding and teamwork. A comprehensive strategy is needed to address these issues, taking into account the special requirements of first-generation learners for a more welcoming and encouraging learning environment.
Job satisfaction and classroom performance of the government primary school teachers of Chattagram City
(BRAC University, 2024-04) Numan, Md. Shahjalal; Rashid, Mamunur
Job satisfaction in primary education sector was experienced to be something that was presumably impacting the classroom performance of the primary teachers. To explore more and provide in depth understanding the researcher aimed to explore the relationship between the job satisfaction and classroom performance of Government Primary School teachers in Chattogram city covering two education thana where mixed method approach was used to gather data. A survey questionnaire was disseminated to the respondents via google form and semi structured interview was conducted through zoom platform in video call format. From the quantitative data it was found that from three aspect of job satisfaction only school infrastructure was significantly corelated with the job satisfaction and later further investigating through semi structured interview revealed a new discovery which was not prevalent in the quantitative part indicating a strong sense of dissatisfaction in the primary school teachers life constantly impacting their classroom performance making them resigned and uninterested in providing basic teaching learning experience.
Leadership role of head teachers in government primary schools of Bangladesh to achieve quality education
(BRAC University, 2021-10) Tasnim, Lamia; Rashid, Mamunur
The study investigated the Leadership roles of the Head teachers in primary schools in Bangladesh and its effect in achieving quality education. In addition, the exploration of the ways head teachers view quality education has also been brought to consideration. Head teachers are considered as school leaders and three leaders interviewed to determine the quality education perception and leader’s roles. Interviews with head teachers, survey with assistant teachers and class observation were the data collection tools. Moreover, a mixture of qualitative and quantitative method has been used. The findings have a few layers to them smoothly unraveling with every component of data. The analysis of three different segments have been done which are the leadership roles played by the GPS head teachers, the way head teachers perceive quality education and the practiced leadership roles of head teachers influence in achieving quality education. This research displays the extent of effect the leadership roles of the head teachers in ensuring quality education in public government and NGO schools.
Performance Comparison of Early Breast Cancer Detection Precision Using AI and Ultra-wideband (UWB) Bio-antennas
(Scopus, 2020) Bari, Bifta Sama; Khatun, Sabira; Ghazali, Kamarul Hawari; Islam, Minarul; Rashid, Mamunur; Rahman, Mostafijur; Talip, Nurhafizah Abu
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and a major cause of death globally. A high percentage of the cancer death can be reduced if it is detected earlier (Stage 1 or 2). Early and non-invasive (health-friendly) diagnosis is the most essential key to detect breast cancer that ensures a fast and effective treatment for reducing women mortality. Ultra-wide band (UWB) technology is considered as an effective technique for breast cancer detection due to its health friendly (non-ionizing) nature to human tissue. The UWB technology uses the scattering or reflected wave/signal from breast tissue for diagnosis. A high-performance bio-antenna plays an important role in transmitting and receiving the UWB signal for this case. In this paper, breast cancer detection performance comparison of two types of UWB bio-antennas (pyramidal shaped UWB patch and the proposed modified T shaped UWB patch) has been investigated depending on accuracy. A system has been developed using a pair of UWB transceivers with bio-antennas and artificial neural network (ANN). The signals are transmitted and received through breast phantom for different arbitrary tumor size and location for considered antennas. The obtained tumor/cancer location and size detection accuracy are approximately 90.27% and 89.91% for pyramidal shaped antenna, whereas, those for the proposed (modified T shaped) antenna are nearly 91.03% and 91.09% respectively. The proposed (modified T shaped) antenna is comparatively better to detect early breast cancer than pyramidal shaped antenna, by showing its suitability for practical use in near future.
Promoting safe and inclusive primary schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh: prevalence, factors, and strategies addressing bullying victimization
(BRAC University, 2023-10) Nizum, Md. Wahidur Rahman; Rashid, Mamunur
Introduction: Bullying at schools is a common phenomenon around the world, including in Bangladesh, and it affects the academic performance, peer relationships, and mental well-being of both victims and bullies. This study aimed to assess the current prevalence of bullying in government primary schools of Bangladesh and identify the factors associated with it among students. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 154 primary school students by face-to-face interview method using convenience sampling. Two FGDs were also conducted among ten primary school teachers. Result: The study found that 97.4% of the students were direct bullying victims, 79.87% of the students were indirect bullying victims, and 57.14% of the students were evaluative bullying victims. Almost 46.1% of the students have faced all three types of bullying. The teachers had suggested an integrated approach of teachers, parents, and students to decrease the bullying in the primary school. Conclusion: To prevent bullying at school, creating a supportive school environment that encourages cooperation among students, teachers, parents, and the community is crucial. Aspects like parental education, socio-economic status, and parent-child relationships should also be considered while addressing this problem.
Relationship between academic achievement and government-allocated resources: Jericho vs. Hempstead
(BRAC University, 2024-02) Rafiuzzaman, Sayra Binti; Rashid, Mamunur
This thesis examines the relationship between academic achievement and government-allocated resources in New York's Jericho and Hempstead school districts, highlighting disparities in funding and their impact on student outcomes. Focusing on the significant financial gaps between districts, it explores how these disparities affect educational opportunities and academic achievements. The study utilizes Department of Education data and surveys to analyze the effects of resource allocation on educational equity and academic achievement. Findings underscore the importance of equitable funding in enhancing educational outcomes, especially for students from diverse demographics, including but not limited to racial, ethnic, and socio-economic backgrounds. By comparing two distinct districts that are in close proximity to each other, this research contributes to the discourse on educational equity, emphasizing the need for fair resource distribution to ensure all students have access to quality education.
Role of Parents in Pre-Primary Education: An Exploration of Parental Awareness & Involvement in Bangladesh on Pre-Primary Education.
(BRAC University, 2022-08) Ali, Shabnam Barkat; Rashid, Mamunur
This paper informs the degree of parental awareness of pre-primary education by analyzing the parental awareness and viewpoint regarding pre-primary education along with understanding the factors that influence their awareness and perception. This was a qualitative study which used two methods of data collection- focus group discussions and in-depth interviews. The focus groups were done with parents of ECE children. These parents were categorized into two groups based on their income level where one group was from a humble and wealthy background to gain an understanding of their perspective and knowledge regarding preschool education. The study revealed relevant stakeholder viewpoints, expectations and hiccups regarding the existing pre-primary education system of the country. Such revelations hold the potential to contribute to bringing a key change in improving the quality and accessibility of education being provided. The findings suggest significant heterogeneity between private and public pre-primary centers concerning facilities and resources. The numbers in awareness and understanding also indicate a gap due to financial status and accessibilities.
School stipend allocation: examining practices and their consequences
(BRAC University, 2025-01) Aziz, Masuma; Rashid, Mamunur
In Bangladesh, where over 165 million people contend with high population density and significant poverty rates, education serves as a critical vehicle for socio-economic mobility. This thesis examines the efficiency and impact of schools stipend programs on educational outcomes in Bangladesh, particularly focusing on the role in reducing dropout rates and mitigating economic disparities. Through qualitative research methods involving interviews, focus group discussions, and thematic analysis, the study explores the administrative practices and social economic challenges associated with Primary Education Stipend Program (PESP) and the Secondary Education Stipend Program is (SESP). The research identifies common practices in stipend distribution and investigate how these practices, influence student retention and dropout rates. The findings well reveal that while stipend programs are instrumental in increasing school attendance, particularly among female students they are marred by operational inefficiencies and corruption, which hinder their potential impact. Additionally, the study highlights the long-term consequences of stipend programs, including the perpetuation of socio-economic inequalities, and inadequate support for the poorest families. This study contributes to the understanding of how targeted financial support in the education sector can be optimised to achieve greater equity and effectiveness. The insights gained underscored the need for comprehensive reforms to enhance the administration of stipend programs, and extend the benefits more broadly across the socio-economic spectrum. Recommendations for policy adjustments, and further research are provided to support the development of more inclusive and effective educational support systems in Bangladesh.
Teacher training on ‘ICT in education’ for the government primary school teachers: training practices and its classroom implementation in the teaching-learning process
(BRAC University, 2025-01) Shahidi, Tasmia Rahman; Rashid, Mamunur
This study examines the "ICT in Education" training program for government primary school teachers in Bangladesh, focusing on the gaps between the training and its classroom integration. Using a qualitative approach, it explores training practices, teachers’ perceptions, and the challenges in applying the training knowledge at schools. Data from in-depth interviews reveal that, while teachers hold positive attitudes toward the beginner-friendly program, its effectiveness is hindered by inadequate participant selection, insufficient follow-up support, weak supervision, and a lack of infrastructure and resources. The findings emphasize the need for policy revisions and improvements in training design, availability of resources at school, and a more proactive teacher mindset. Addressing these issues can enhance the program's effectiveness and support the successful integration of ICT in primary education.
The implication of teacher professional development in Karti Etifaq High School
(BRAC University, 2022-01) Dostyar, Faiz Ali; Rashid, Mamunur
The main purpose of this research is to understand the practice of teacher’s professional development in Kart-e-Etifaq High School through using qualitative method and individual interview focusing on low outcome of students in exams, school’s activities, and lack of professional teachers as well as shortage of student’s interest. It’s highly crucial for both students and teachers because not only generate new knowledge relevant the practice of professional development but also it paves the ground for student’s learning and receiving good result. Finally, teachers received in-service-trainings entitled on methodology, girl’s education, disabled children, pedagogy, education, and management but do not received pre-service-training and most of them use out of trainings by using simple teaching techniques, taking special teaching-preparation, having good behaviors, respecting their teachers inside and outside the classes, improving their subject-knowledge applying various methods, having full collaboration among themselves and understanding the teaching process as a life-long learning journey while majority of teachers do not manage the classes but most teachers do not understand student’s learning styles as well as do not teach the content of subject-knowledge properly. In-short, most students do not like teacher’s grading, teaching and assignments as well as most of them are able to talk with their teachers friendly and easily.
The role of teacher collaboration in professional development and learning: a case study at The Aga Khan Academy Dhaka
(BRAC University, 2024-12) Siddika, Fariza Binta; Rashid, Mamunur
This research focuses on understanding how teacher collaboration influences professional development and teaching practices at the Aga Khan Academy Dhaka. The study explores how teamwork among teachers helps them grow, improve their teaching skills, and create a supportive learning environment. It also looks at the challenges teachers face when working together and how these can be addressed. The research is important because it highlights how sharing ideas and working as a team can make teaching more effective and engaging for both teachers and students. To conduct the study, I used structured interviews with teachers and academic staff and observed classroom practices and team meetings. The findings show that collaboration helps teachers share knowledge, solve problems together, and use innovative teaching methods. It also improves their confidence and ability to connect with students. However, challenges like time constraints and differing perspectives were noted, and solutions like better planning and using technology for teamwork were suggested. This study offers valuable insights into how schools can promote collaboration to support teachers’ growth and enhance learning outcomes for students.