Browsing by Author "Islam, Md. Rabiul"

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A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and associated risk factors of depression among adult females in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-08) Saha, Aadrita; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Depression is a substantial global health concern that affects more women than men, especially in low and middle-income countries like Bangladesh. The primary inquiry of this research is, "How closely do depressive symptoms and demographic characteristics in adult Bangladeshi women pertain to each other?" The objective of this study was to address a significant gap in literature, specifically the lack of data on certain groups of people. This study employs an analytical design and includes a representative sample of adult women aged 15-45 years from both rural and urban settings. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) was used to find out about depressive symptoms and other medical concerns. This study of adult women demonstrates that there is to be for a targeted program designed for greater awareness of mental health issues. This study contributes to a broader understanding of women by examining an area that has not been thoroughly researched, thereby strengthening their psychological and physiological strategies. The overall prevalence of depression among adult female was high, with a considerable proportion from moderate to severe. The degree of severity instances of depression was determined by using the standard scoring procedure to the depressive disorder scores that were then categorized. Female adults in Bangladesh are at an increased chance of acquiring symptoms of depression due to the prevalence of a variety of socio-cultural stresses, as well as nutritional deficits and lifestyle. Through the involvement of adult females, the purpose of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of depression and to identify the risk variables related to it.
A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and associated risk factors of stress among adult women in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-08) Talha, Asif Hassan; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Mental stress is a major yet often overlooked health issue for women in economically backwards countries, as they are more likely to experience it for various reasons. This study investigated the prevalence of mental stress among Bangladeshi women aged 15 to 45, involving a total of 1,019 participants from various regions. The data was coded in Excel and analysed using SPSS 27. A chi-square test was employed to examine the correlation between mental stress and lifestyle factors. At the same time, a multivariable logistic regression model was employed to identify independent predictors while controlling for confounding variables. Factors such as lifestyle, dietary history, and demographic characteristics were analyzed. In the overall sample, the rates of mild, moderate, severe, and very severe stress were 11.38%, 14.23%, 15.80%, and 6.77%, respectively. The prevalence of mental stress among participants was 48.2%. Stress was significantly more prevalent among women in service (AOR = 2.31, p = .025), those who were students (AOR = 2.19, p = .036), and those performing heavy physical labour (AOR = 2.34, p < .001). Lifestyle factors that were significant predictors included tiredness (AOR = 2.49, p < .001), excessive eating (AOR = 1.72, p = .019), and loss of appetite (AOR = 1.46, p = .010). The strongest predictors were mental health comorbidities, with significant associations found for anxiety (AOR = 6.29, p < .001) and depression (AOR = 15.58, p < .001). On the other hand, anemia (AOR = 0.69, p =.042), underweight (AOR = 0.54, p =.023), and primary (AOR = 0.48, p =.010) or secondary education (AOR = 0.55, p =.010) were all substantially protective against stress.
A review on anticancer potential of Glucosinolates
(BRAC University, 2024-06) Khabir, Mahmuda; Islam, Md. Rabiul
This thesis explores the intricate interplay between glucosinolates, prominent phytochemicals found in the various ways that cruciferous vegetables can help prevent cancer. Glucosinolates are well known for their potential as chemopreventive agents for cancer, have garnered significant attention owing to their ability to inhibit carcinogenesis through various mechanisms. However, recent studies have unveiled a paradoxical aspect wherein certain glucosinolates exhibit antagonistic effects, raising questions about their overall efficacy in cancer prevention. This thesis delves into the intricate molecular mechanisms underlying these opposing actions, shedding light on the complex relationship between glucosinolates and cancer prevention.
A review on the use of brexanolone in the treatment of postpartum depression
(BRAC University, 2024-10) Dhally, Yeamin; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a major mental health concern impacting approximately 10–20% of women following childbirth. Notwithstanding its commonality, the fundamental causes of PPD remain less comprehended, and therapeutic alternatives are frequently constrained. Brexanolone, an innovative neurosteroid and the inaugural medicine sanctioned by the USFDA for postpartum depression (PPD), has shown significant potential in clinical trials owing to its quick and enduring effects. Brexanolone, as a positive allosteric modulator of GABA-A receptors, targets the specific hormonal variations linked to postpartum depression (PPD), offering a more rapid onset of effect than conventional antidepressants. This review analyzes the clinical trial data about brexanolone, its efficacy in mitigating depressive symptoms, and its safety profile compared to alternative therapy. This study seeks to elucidate brexanolone's therapeutic potential through the analysis of existing evidence and to pinpoint avenues for future research to improve the treatment of postpartum depression.
A review on Tinospora cordifolia and its immunomodulatory activities
(BRAC University, 2020-12) Islam, Md. Rabiul; Ripa, Farhana Alam
Medicinal plants have always been considered as a valuable source of treatment since the ancient times. This review paper was done focusing on Tinospora cordifolia and its immunomodulatory properties. T. cordifolia is a large climbing shrub having many pharmacological properties and this medicinal plant has a great demand among the folk people of the Indian subcontinent. Different parts of T. cordifolia consist of many pharmacologically active compounds like alkaloids, phenols, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, tannins, carbohydrates and other unique compounds having immunomodulatory, anti-diabetic, anti inflammatory, hypotensive, scizonticidal, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, antidiarrheal and many other properties. This plant can play a significant role in the modulation of the immune system as several components of this plant can increase the phagocytic activity of macrophage, antibody production, nitric oxide production, production of cytokines, lymphocyte proliferation, chemotactic index, plaque forming cell production and many other immune system modifying activities. The finding of this study is that this plant can increase the efficiency of the immune system.
A study on the assessment of hemoglobin levels among adult females in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-09) Torsa, Nafisa Tasnim; Islam, Md. Rabiul
The significance of assessing hemoglobin levels among adult females in Bangladesh is vital for detecting low hemoglobin levels and preventing complications, particularly among this demographic. The study aims to evaluate the frequency and the criteria of low hemoglobin in the country, which is a considerable yet not well-recognized health problem of the population. Between January and June 2025, a cross-sectional survey was conducted, which covered 1,019 adult females aged 15-45 years from both rural and urban areas. The hemoglobin measurement was taken by a finger-prick process, where I collected one drop of blood. Moreover, Information related to demographic lifestyle, diet, and other health-associated criteria was obtained through self-prepared questionnaires. Results showed 51% of the respondents had decreased levels of hemoglobin, and this tendency was more common among the females aged 36 to 45. There were statistically significant associations between low hemoglobin and age, education, marital status, physical activity, and various symptoms, including loss of appetite, dizziness, and drowsiness. The most affected were the illiterate females, those who were regular at physical activities, and also the widowed women. The outcomes highlight the importance of conducting regular hemoglobin screenings, providing health education, and enhancing nutritional and social conditions to address complications associated with decreased hemoglobin levels. Given the current scarcity of research and data on hemoglobin tests in adult females in Bangladesh, this study is important for filling knowledge gaps and informing people to take necessary steps for adult females in the country.
A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for anxiety among geriatric population in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-05) Rahman, Maisha; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Anxiety is considered the most prevalent psychological disorder among various mental health conditions across all age groups, including the geriatric population. The objective of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and identify the associated risk factors influencing anxiety in older adults aged 60 and above living in urban and rural settings using standardized evaluation tools. The study used the GAD-7 scale on 396 elderly individuals, which is a seven-item instrument designed to assess the severity of anxiety. The prevalence of anxiety was 88% among the elderly individuals who exhibited mild (48.5%), moderate (34.3%), severe (5.3%) symptoms of anxiety. Additionally, the study focuses on evaluating anxiety levels in relation to demographic variables including age, BMI range, sex, living area, marital status, living status, educational level, profession, economic condition, smoking habit and the presence of chronic diseases. The outcome will create a systematic understanding of the disease burden and associated risks of anxiety disorders, which will serve as the basis for focused public policy on mental health at the national, regional, and international levels.
A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for depression among geriatric population in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-05) Tasnim, Zarin; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Mental health is an important component which includes overall well-being, encompassing emotional, psychological, and social variables that impact individuals' thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in day-to-day life. Various surveys show that a good number of adult populations in Bangladesh is suffering from various kinds of mental health conditions. But the most concerning thing is that people with mental disorders are mostly left untreated, and this led to various kinds of physical health-related problems. In Bangladesh, the mental health of the elderly is an urgent need, particularly in regard to the country’s rapidly aging population and the high incidence of mental health disorders within this age range. Depression in Bangladesh’s geriatric population is a serious yet sometimes underestimated problem. A diversified strategy is required for combating depression in Bangladesh’s elderly population. Now it is necessary to increase the availability of mental health interventions in primary healthcare.
A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors For insomnia among geriatric population In Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-02) Khan, Mayesha; Islam, Md. Rabiul
The prevalence and risk factors of insomnia in Bangladesh's older population are investigated in this study. A common sleep disease called insomnia makes it difficult to fall asleep, stay asleep, or wake up too early, which can result in mood swings, tiredness, and other major health problems. According to the study, psychological stress, economic challenges, limited access to healthcare, and chronic diseases including diabetes and heart disease are some of the main causes of insomnia in older persons. Due to the fact that many older people depend on their families for both financial and emotional support, as well as the fact that traditional beliefs frequently discourage them from accessing medical treatment, cultural and social factors also have an impact on sleep health. To find out how lifestyle and living conditions affect sleep, 334 participants 60 years of age and older from both urban and rural areas provided data for the study. According to the findings, insomnia is very common, and women are more likely to suffer from it since they face more health issues. Additionally, sleep disturbances are more common in older adults who are financially distressed or live alone. In order to treat insomnia in Bangladesh's aging population, the findings emphasize the critical need for enhanced mental health assistance, raised awareness, and improved healthcare regulations. It is possible to enhance the quality of life for senior citizens and lower the long-term health risks linked to inadequate sleep by acknowledging sleep disorders as a significant health concern.
A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for loneliness among geriatric population in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-05) Fattah, Tasin; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Background: Loneliness is a significant public health problem in the elderly population that affects mental and physical well-being. It is influenced by socio-demographic, economic, and health conditions. In Bangladesh, geriatric loneliness is less researched, and future studies are required to establish the prevalence and determinants of loneliness. Objective: The study aims to identify the prevalence and risk factors of loneliness in older adults in Bangladesh. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 475 older people was conducted using structured questionnaires. Socio-demographic profiles, lifestyle factors, and health status were collected, and statistical analysis was performed to evaluate the prevalence and key determinants of loneliness. Results: Our study found that 22.32% of the subjects were high in loneliness, 58.95% were moderate in loneliness, and 18.74% were low in loneliness. Factors most strongly linked to loneliness were age, marital status, family income, educational level, and residential area. Urban residents, divorcees or widows, and lower educational levels were at risk, while physical activity and social interaction were protective factors. Conclusion: The results indicate a high prevalence of loneliness among the elderly in Bangladesh, and socio-economic and demographic variables play an important contribution. Intervention programs, for example, social activity programs and schemes of allowances, are recommended to be adopted to reduce loneliness and enhance well-being among older persons.
A study on the prevalence and associated risk factors for PTSD (Post traumatic stress disorder) among the young females in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2024-10) Rahman, Shahrin Jabin; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Background: PTSD is one of the most common mental disabilities in humans including three symptoms, reexperiencing, numbing and hyperarousal. The prevalence of PTSD and the risk factors of PTSD is increasing alarmingly all over the world including Bangladesh and mostly young females are victims of it. Objective: The aim of the study is to detect the prevalence rate and associated risk factors of PTSD among Bangladeshi young females. Method: In this study, we did offline cross-sectional study among 868 young female participants using forms. To collect socio demographic information, we used structured questionnaires. We used PCL 5 scale to detect PTSD level. Finally, by using statistical tools we interpret the result and evaluate the prevalence and associated risk factors among young females in Bangladesh. Result: Prevalence of PTSD among young females in our country was found 47%. Among them, 34% have mild PTSD,10% have moderate PTSD and 3% have severe PTSD. After data analysis, we have found out that BMI and residence area play a vital role in our study as associated risk factors for PTSD. Conclusion: According to present study results, a high proportion of young women are suffering from PTSD in Bangladesh. Although only BMI and residence area were found to be associated risk factors for PTSD. Therefore, to reduce the prevalence rate and risk factors of PTSD we recommend counseling, arranging medical camps, proper treatment guidelines and public awareness to create better mental and physical health.
Advanced Switching Sequences Based Model-Predictive Control for Single-Phase NPC Converters
(Daffodil International University, 2022-04-04) Chowdhury, Md. Razon; Chowdhury, Sumon; Rahman, Md. Ashib; Islam, Md. Rabiul
This article presents a continuous control set model-predictive control (MPC) technique based on advanced switching sequences (SSs) for a grid-connected single-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped converter. The SSs are developed considering the tracking performance of the current feed to the utility grid, the dc-bus capacitor voltage balancing, and the switching loss of the semiconductor devices. In the proposed strategy, with the same sampling frequency, the number of pole state changes (SCs) per control cycle is only two, while in the optimal SS and the modulated MPC (pulse pattern similar to the conventional space vector modulation technique) schemes, the number of pole SCs is four. The reduction in the number switching SCs per control cycle considerably reduces the switching loss of semiconductor devices. Moreover, to avoid the challenges of utilizing the weighting factor, a single-objective cost function is adopted to track the reference current, and the dc-bus capacitor voltages are balanced using the redundancy nature of the voltage vectors. Furthermore, the proposed scheme can ensure a fixed-switching-frequency operation, which is advantageous for selecting filter parameters during real-life implementation. The effectiveness of the proposed strategy is validated by the results obtained from both the simulation in MATLAB/Simulink and the experiment carried out using a downscaled laboratory test rig.
An Android Application for Union Council Information
(Daffodil International University, 2020-11-04) Islam, Md. Rabiul; Subed, Shahrier Mahmud; Afros, Lunba
In the present time, the world totally depends on Information technology. It takes the world into our hands. As a result, our country is not outside of it. For this, we are running to the competition. Our Government already has taken so many steps to take the country forward in Information Technology. Due to which we are able to enjoy the benefits like e-ticket, e-commerce, e-food, elearning, and many more. But sadly, rural people are still far from using information technology. So we thought about how to bring people at the village level under IT. Using our application, the Union Parishad will be able to store and use almost all the information and data of each citizen. On the other hand, ordinary people can use this application to take advantage of them. We need to keep in mind that a country can never be self-sufficient in information technology except in rural or backward areas. We hope that our application will bring information technology to people at the village level.
An Improved Switching Control Technique for Single-Phase Voltage Source Inverter
(IEEE, 2020-10) Chowdhury, Md. Razon; Chowdhury, Sumon; Islam, Md. Rabiul; Mahfuz-Ur Razman, A. M.; Kouzani, Abbas Z.; Mahmud, M A Parvez
The traditional pulse width modulation techniques cause high power loss in the power devices of the inverter. This paper presents a modified equal loading bus clamping pulse width modulation technique, where the modulating voltage is clamped to its dc bus voltage for 120 degree in each half cycle of the fundamental period. Consequently, the switching loss of the inverter is greatly reduced, which in turn increases the inverter overall efficiency and active life time. Also, the total harmonic distortion of the converter is also improved. Furthermore, the dc bus voltage utilization is around 81.6%. The improved performance of the proposed technique is validated by simulation in MATLAB/Simulink.
Assessment of serum IP-10 and cystatin C levels in generalized anxiety disorder patients and their association with anxiety severity: a case-control study
(BRAC University, 2025-09) Ahmed, Zahra Labiba; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a common mental health disorder marked by persistent, excessive anxiety and physiological manifestations. This study examines the correlation between blood cytokine levels, specifically Cystatin C and IP-10, and the occurrence and severity of GAD. A total of 202 participants, comprising patients with GAD and healthy controls, were evaluated for body mass index (BMI), cytokine levels, and demographic variables. Statistical analysis indicated markedly increased levels of Cystatin C and IP-10 in patients with GAD relative to controls. Cytokine concentrations exhibited a strong correlation with disease severity, underscoring their possible involvement in the neuroinflammatory pathways associated with anxiety disorders. No notable variations in age or gender were detected between the groups, while BMI exhibited a substantial variance. The findings indicate that Cystatin C and IP-10 may function as biomarkers for the diagnosis and progression of GAD, providing novel insights into its pathophysiology and potential treatment targets. The limitations comprise the cross-sectional design and possible confounding variables, necessitating additional long-term studies.
Causetive factors and preventive measures of mealth health disorders among the children: a brief review
(BRAC University, 2024-04) Sinthiya, Rana Tabussum; Islam, Md. Rabiul
The term "child mental health problems" refers to a broad category of disorders that impact children and adolescents' emotional, psychological, and behavioral health. Among them could be conduct disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, depression, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A child's growth, academic achievement, social interactions, and general quality of life can all be significantly and permanently impacted by such issues. The complex and multidimensional nature of child mental health issues is attributed to a confluence of biological, environmental, and psychosocial variables. To support children's mental health and well-being, preventive activities must target these variables holistically, incorporating community support, school-based treatments, positive parenting, early intervention, resilience-building, and legislative initiatives. We can reduce the likelihood of mental health issues and promote the healthy development of kids and teenagers by putting evidence-based preventative strategies into practice at several levels.
Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection among University Students in Central Bangladesh
(Scopus, 2021) Islam, Md. Rabiul; Sheba, Nusrat Hosain; Islam, Md. Torikul; Rahman, Md. Mostafizur; Hossain, Sharmin; Hussain, Md. Anower; Islam, Shariful; Chowdhruy, ABM Alauddin; Sikder, Tajuddin; Chowdhury, Moniruddin; Reuben, Rine Christopher; Muhammad, Faisal
This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and determinants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among university students in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 614 students from five universities in central Bangladesh. Data were collected on demographic information, immunization history, medical and blood transfusion history through the face-to-face interview. Blood samples were collected and screened for anti-HBsAg using ELISA, HBsAg Rapid Test-cassette, and immune chromatographic test. The overall seroprevalence of HBV infection was 5.0%, and vaccination coverage was 19.2% among the participants. Students having a history of surgery (OR 11.004, 95% CI 3.211–37.707), blood transfusion (OR 5.651, 95% CI 0.965–33.068), being married (OR 4.776, 95% CI 1.508–15.127), and not being vaccinated (OR 9.825, 95% CI 1.130–85.367) were at higher risk of being infected by HBV. This study showed the endemicity of HBV infection among the Bangladeshi population. Marriage, surgical or blood transfusion history, not being vaccinated were the determinants of HBV infection within the study population. Public health initiatives for preventing HBV infection at the university levels should be envisaged.
Determinants of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Infection Among University Students in Central Bangladesh
(Daffodil International University, 2021-09-07) Islam, Md. Rabiul; Sheba, Nusrat Hosain; Islam, Md. Torikul; Rahman, Md. Mostafizur; Hossain, Sharmin; Hussain, Md. Anower; Islam, Shariful; Chowdhruy, ABM Alauddin; Sikder, Tajuddin; Chowdhury, Moniruddin; Reuben, Rine Christopher; Muhammad, Faisal
This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and determinants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection among university students in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 614 students from five universities in central Bangladesh. Data were collected on demographic information, immunization history, medical and blood transfusion history through the face-to-face interview. Blood samples were collected and screened for anti-HBsAg using ELISA, HBsAg Rapid Test-cassette, and immune chromatographic test. The overall seroprevalence of HBV infection was 5.0%, and vaccination coverage was 19.2% among the participants. Students having a history of surgery (OR 11.004, 95% CI 3.211–37.707), blood transfusion (OR 5.651, 95% CI 0.965–33.068), being married (OR 4.776, 95% CI 1.508–15.127), and not being vaccinated (OR 9.825, 95% CI 1.130–85.367) were at higher risk of being infected by HBV. This study showed the endemicity of HBV infection among the Bangladeshi population. Marriage, surgical or blood transfusion history, not being vaccinated were the determinants of HBV infection within the study population. Public health initiatives for preventing HBV infection at the university levels should be envisaged.
Disaster-led occupational transformation of the fishing community in coastal bangladesh
(University Of Rajshahi, 2024-02) Aziz, Md. Tarik; Islam, Md. Rabiul
Coastal communities around the world have become vulnerable in recent years due to climate change. Like other communities, coastal fishing communities in Bangladesh have also become vulnerable due to increase the frequency of climate extreme events. A large number of studies have been conducted on fishing community’s occupational transformation worldwide. Most of these studies focus on their vulnerabilities, migration, coping strategies and climate change adaptation. However, little research has considered the disaster-led occupational transformation of coastal fishing communities. Considering the gap, the current study explores disaster-led occupational transformation and its outcomes in the coastal fishing community in Bangladesh. The study finds out possible ways to secure fishermen's livelihoods. Using a mixed methods approach, data were collected from six villages form two districts of coastal Bangladesh through surveys, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. Findings show that coastal fishers, affected by various disasters have been changing their fishing occupations and transforming into other roles for example, fishing labor, fish business, shop keeper, auto van puller, motorcycle driver, day labor, construction worker, garments worker and small business. The study explores the causes of occupational transformation and finds that various factors, including different types of disasters (e.g., cyclones, storm surges, salinity and riverbank erosion) and other factors (e.g., moneylender's pressure, decreased navigability of rivers and increased prices of fishing equipment) compel them to make this transformation. The changes in occupation create financial and social crises (e.g., income decrease, poverty increase, dropout and breakdown of social networks) and sometimes, occupational transformation secure their livelihood by reducing life threats from disasters and mental stress, increasing income and social networking. Additionally, the study identifies several ways to secure the lives and livelihoods of fishing communities (both regular fishers and transformed fishers), such as providing soft loans, skill development training and social safety nets and excavation of coastal rivers is needed for regular fishers. The study also finds that transformed fishers need support, such as big boats, good nets, life-saving instruments, and easy loans, fair market price. The study argues that due to the changing occupation, some fishermen are well, however some of them face difficulties in the study area. This study suggests that government and non-government initiatives are needed to make their occupation secure, as they are not skilled to perform their current occupation in terms of their ancestral fishing occupation.