Browsing by Author "Islam, Aparna"

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A comparative analysis of the regulatory systems between the Philippines and Bangladesh for approving biotech crops
(BRAC University, 2023) Anonna, Eera Ashrafy; Islam, Aparna
Many countries have adopted Genetically Engineered (GE) crops and their products. Before cultivation, these crops must go through a regulatory approval system, which varies from country to country. Here, the regulatory process of the Philippines, a mega GE crop cultivating country from Asia, is analyzed. The National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP) was established in 1990, whereas the approval process was established in 2002. The Philippines ratified the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB) in 2006. The first GE crop approval came in December 2002. Till date, GE approval was given for many events, of which some are for commercial cultivation and the others are for FFP. In 2021, the Philippines became the first country to approve the cultivation of Golden Rice. In Bangladesh, Bt Eggplant was approved in 2013 and Golden rice is also under regulatory pipeline. With similar crop events, the Philippines being South-Asian pioneer in GE crop approvals, the regulatory system of the Philippines was compared with the regulatory system of Bangladesh. The Biosafety guidelines of Bangladesh established the regulatory committees involved in the GE crop approvals in Bangladesh. The National Biosafety Framework (2007) later detailed the policies and approval process. Both countries have implemented the CPB in their National Biosafety Frameworks. With the vast experience of GE crop approval and cultivation, nowadays, the Philippine approval process has brought several changes.
A comparative proteomic study of salt tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana to identify strategies for improving salt tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum
(BRAC University, 2024-06) Ahmed, Inshera; Juspy, Jakia Tahsin; Quader, Sultan Shanneedh; Shishir, Tushar Ahmed; Islam, Aparna
Tomatoes are a significant crop globally, valued for their nutritional benefits and widely used in Bangladeshi households. However, soil salinity caused by heavy monsoons and tidal floods, leading to an excess of Na+ ions that negatively affect yield and cultivation space, often hinders tomato production. Certain Arabidopsis proteins have demonstrated the ability to enhance salt tolerance, both in Arabidopsis itself and in other organisms when transformed. This study seeks to identify similar salt-tolerant proteins in tomatoes and explore the potential for gene editing to enhance their salt tolerance. Five Arabidopsis proteins associated with salt tolerance were identified and compared to the tomato proteome to find matching proteins. While several tomato proteins and their isoforms showed significant similarities, they also displayed numerous mutations that altered their functional domains and motifs, as revealed by our analysis. These mutations were dispersed throughout the proteins, deeming the approach of gene editing unsuccessful.
A comparative study of Environment Risk Assessment (ERA) guidelines of developing and developed countries including Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2021-05) Mimmi, Syeda Fahria Hoque; Islam, Aparna
Genetically Engineered (GE) plants are the demand of time for increased demand of food. According to the report of International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-biotech Applications (ISAAA), a total of 29 countries produce GE plants in 2019. A complete set of regulations need to be followed from the development of a GE plant to its release into the environment. The whole regulation system is categorized into separate stages for maintaining the proper biosafety. Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) is one of such crucial stage in the whole process. ERA identifies potential risks and its impacts through science based evaluation process where it is done in a case by case study. All the countries which deal with GE plants follow specific guidelines to conduct a successful ERA. In this study, ERA guidelines of 4 developing and 4 developed countries including Bangladesh were compared. ERA guidelines of countries such as India, Canada, Australia, the European Union, Argentina, Brazil and US were considered as model to conduct the comparison study with Bangladesh. Initially, ten parameters were detected to compare the required data and information among all the guidelines. Surprisingly, an adequate amount of data and information requirements (e.g. If the intended modification/new traits of interest has been achieved or not, Growth habit of GE plants, Consequences of any potential gene flow upon the cultivation of GE plants to sexually compatible plant species, Potential adverse effects on the human health etc.) matched between all the countries. However, a few differences of data requirement (e.g. Agronomic conventions of non-transformed plants, Applicants should clearly describe experimental procedures followed etc.) were also observed in the study. Moreover, it was found that only a few countries provide instructions on the quality of the data used for ERA. If these similarities are recognized in a more framed manner then the approval pathway of GE plants can be shared.
A knowledge-based perception analysis about Biotechnology among university students in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2023-10) Ali, Fariha Fatema; Islam, Aparna
Biotechnology is a rapidly evolving field of science. However, the success of this field depends on the acceptance of the research product by the user or consumers. This again depends on the perception of this technology. So, this research explored how tertiary-level students at various educational institutions view biotechnology. Its goal was to assess the perception of this rapidly developing sector. In this regard, the students’ perception of its uses in industry, healthcare, agriculture, and food needed to be addressed. For the study, both private and public universities were selected. With due permission and following the standard procedures, the survey was carried out face-to-face in the institutions through a pretested questionnaire. The study highlighted that the educational majors had a great influence on the participants while responding to the questions. The majority of the participants were familiar with the word biotechnology, and had familiarity with genetic engineering (GE)/ genetically modified organisms (GMOs). But almost an equal number of participants responded to the question of believing hybrid and GM crops with Yes, and No, while some of the participants were not sure. The study showed that a maximum of the participants had good familiarity and knowledge about the biotech products used in the health sectors, whereas a large proportion of the participants from non-biological subjects had either slight familiarity or no familiarity with biotech products of the agriculture and food industry. In cases of the applications of biotechnology in both healthcare, agriculture, and food sectors, they showed agreement, while a good number of participants were neutral about the statements. But when they were asked about the negative impacts of biotechnology on health and the environment, the majority of the respondents were in dilemma while many of them disagreed and few agreed. Overall, the responses were mostly affected by the sources of information related to biotechnology. Today’s students tend to use social media more which has become the major source for gathering information about biotechnology.
A Short Review and preliminary study on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) tissue culture
(BRAC University, 2018-12) Nahreen, Ashfia; Islam, Aparna
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to the family leguminosae and is one of the most important oil seed crops in the world. Peanut seeds contain high seed oil, proteins, amino acids and vitamin E. However, this crop faces several yield constraints like biotic and abiotic stresses. With the climate change, salt water intrusion to inland soil and loss of cultivable land makes it critical to develop a high yielding variety of peanut with salt tolerance. This can be achieved by utilizing biotechnology processes. A prerequisite for the establishment of a genetic transformation protocol is an efficient and reproducible protocol for the in vitro regeneration of peanut. For this, an extensive study of the existing in vitro regeneration protocols was performed. In light of these studies, the role and interaction of decapitated embryo explants in different combinations and concentrations of growth hormones of two farmer popular varieties was investigated. Among the various tested combinations of BAP and Kn in MS medium, the best combination was 3 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l Kn for BINA Chinabadam 2 and 3 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l Kn for BINA Chinabadam 4. Decapitated whole embryo proved to be a better explant than decapitated half embryo for both varieties. The highest percentage of shoot regenerating explants was seen in two days old decapitated whole embryo (90%) of BINA Chinabadam 2 and the highest average number of shoots was seen in two days old decapitated whole embryo of BINA Chinabadam 4 (5.10). Two days old explants also responded better in culture medium than old day old explants.
A short review and preliminary study on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) tissue culture
(BRAC University, 2018-12) Nahreen, Ashfia; Islam, Aparna
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to the family leguminosae and is one of the most important oil seed crops in the world. Peanut seeds contain high seed oil, proteins, amino acids and vitamin E. However, this crop faces several yield constraints like biotic and abiotic stresses. With the climate change, salt water intrusion to inland soil and loss of cultivable land makes it critical to develop a high yielding variety of peanut with salt tolerance. This can be achieved by utilizing biotechnology processes. A prerequisite for the establishment of a genetic transformation protocol is an efficient and reproducible protocol for the in vitro regeneration of peanut. For this, an extensive study of the existing in vitro regeneration protocols was performed. In light of these studies, the role and interaction of decapitated embryo explants in different combinations and concentrations of growth hormones of two farmer popular varieties was investigated. Among the various tested combinations of BAP and Kn in MS medium, the best combination was 3 mg/l BAP and 1 mg/l Kn for BINA Chinabadam 2 and 3 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l Kn for BINA Chinabadam 4. Decapitated whole embryo proved to be a better explant than decapitated half embryo for both varieties. The highest percentage of shoot regenerating explants was seen in two days old decapitated whole embryo (90%) of BINA Chinabadam 2 and the highest average number of shoots was seen in two days old decapitated whole embryo of BINA Chinabadam 4 (5.10). Two days old explants also responded better in culture medium than old day old explants.
A short review on micropropagation of various spices in Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2022-10) Fairuz, Naimah; Islam, Aparna
Spices have been utilized throughout history for flavoring and preserving meals, as well as medicinal and cosmetic uses. Bangladesh's culinary system has always been spice-dominated, with roughly 27 different varieties of spices being often used. Spices are significant contributors to the national economy of many spice-producing, importing, and exporting countries around the world. However, breeding these spices using traditional methods presents numerous challenges. Micropropagation has proven to be an important approach for overcoming these obstacles. This study examines the in vitro regeneration of certain widely available spices in Bangladesh and explores the possible explanations for the variations in outcomes observed in each experiment.
Comparative study on safety protocols of GM foods approved in developed and developing countries, and possibilities for Bangladesh
(BRAC University, 2025-04) Talukder, Sharmistha; Hussain, Saeed; Islam, Aparna
A Genetically Modified Organism (GMO) has had its DNA altered via modern biotechnology. GM Food is one of the sources to ensure food security for the future, to escape the risk of malnutrition and starvation. Food safety regulations declare any GM food item safe for consumption. The process often references multiple dossiers, following the Codex Alimentarius, the FDA protocols, etc. However, comparative studies for reflecting regulatory practices in context to GM food approval are sparse. The aim of this thesis is to find a clear harmonization between two such safety protocols, one from the USA as a developed country and another from the Philippines as a developing country, by comparatively assessing each of their approval processes for different GM foods with nutritional benefit, which may then be used to discover an applicable regulatory process that may be implemented in Bangladesh. In this thesis comparative analysis between the core information and specific information for Anthocyanin tomatoes from the USA and Golden rice from the Philippines is done, then in accordance with the international standards set by the Codex Alimentarius studied to identify overlaps found with both cases. Identification of where these overlaps also follow the specifications of Bangladeshi guidelines is used to allow for possible harmonization of all three protocols. In light of this information, steps are suggested for the possible adaptation of these processes for the possible approval of GM food in Bangladesh through a harmonized protocol.
Designing and development of agricultural rovers for vegetable harvesting and soil analysis
(PLOS ONE, 2024-06-21) Das, Bristy; Sayor, Tahmid Zarif Ul Hoq; Nijhum, Rubyat Jahan; Tishun, Mehnaz Tabassum; Sakib, Taiyeb Hasan; Karim, Md. Ehsanul; Uddin, AFM Jamal; Islam, Aparna; Mohsin, Abu S. M.
To address the growing demand for sustainable agriculture practices, new technologies to boost crop productivity and soil health must be developed. In this research, we propose designing and building an agricultural rover capable of autonomous vegetable harvesting and soil analysis utilizing cutting-edge deep learning algorithms (YOLOv5). The precision and recall score of the model was 0.8518% and 0.7624% respectively. The rover uses robotics, computer vision, and soil sensing technology to perform accurate and efficient agricultural tasks. We go over the rover’s hardware and software, as well as the soil analysis system and the tomato ripeness detection system using deep learning models. Field experiments indicate that this agricultural rover is effective and promising for improving crop management and soil monitoring in modern agriculture, hence achieving the UN’s SDG 2 Zero Hunger goals.
Establishment of tissue culture protocol of Brassica Juncea var. BARI Sarisha-11
(BRAC University, 2024-03) Saha, Hridi Prova; Jawad, Alisa; Zaman, Samiha Nujhat; Roy, Asmita; Islam, Aparna
Brassica sp., commonly known as mustard, holds significant economic importance as a crop with high oil content, particularly in Bangladesh. Despite widespread demand, obstacles in production such as insufficient germination and various biotic and abiotic factors persist, biotechnological methods, including tissue culture, gene transfer, and genome editing systems, are increasingly employed to enhance this crop quality. This study focuses on improving Brassica juncea, specifically the variety BARI Sarisha-11, a vital mustard variety in Bangladesh. The primary objective is to refine a tissue culture-mediated regeneration procedure, laying the groundwork for future applications in micropropagation. In this study, to achieve high-frequency, uncontaminated germination, a seed sterilization protocol was established. Various combinations and durations of 70% ethanol, 0.1% mercury chloride, and 10% Clorox solution were tested. Among them, the highest optimal uncontaminated germination was obtained when seeds were sterilized with 70% ethanol for one minute and 0.1% mercury chloride for ten minutes. For shoot regeneration, 7 days old- cotyledonary leaves with petiole explants were used in nutrient media enriched with plant growth regulators, specifically 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), 6-furfurylaminopurine (Kinetin/Kn), and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). The highest regeneration (75%) was achieved with 1.0 mg/L BAP, 0.1 mg/L NAA, and 0.5 mg/L Kn. Rooting was examined using hormone less half-strength MS media, and acclimatization of plantlets was done in sterilized potted soil. Only one plantlet was produced following transplantation. In summary, given the crucial role of mustard as the primary oilseed crop in Bangladesh, this study represents a vital initial step in implementing mustard crop improvement techniques. The establishment of a practical, efficient, and replicable regeneration process, as demonstrated in this study, holds significant importance for the future of mustard cultivation.
Establishment of tissue culture protocol of two Bangladeshi sunflower varieties (Helianthus annuus L.)
(BRAC University, 2018-07) Obaid, Nadia Binte; Islam, Aparna
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important commercially valuable crop with a high oil content. It is seed propagated, but poor germination, along with other abiotic and biotic factors pose problems in sunflower cultivation. Biotechnological techniques, such as, tissue culture and gene transfer systems have been used for improvement of most crops. This study aims to improve production of sunflower by optimising a tissue culture mediated regeneration protocol, to be used for micropropagation in future. Two Bangladeshi varieties: BARI Surjomukhi-2 and BRAC Hysun 33 were used here. In the present study, the effect of varying combinations of different concentrations of growth hormones on the formation of shoots, roots and flowers were demonstrated, followed by the acclimatisation of regenerated plantlets. Embryonic axes were obtained by removing the testa and excising 3-5 mm pieces from the proximal portion of the seeds. These were inoculated on MS medium supplemented with four different combinations of the hormones BAP and NAA, and were kept in a photoperiod of 18/6 hour dark/light, at a temperature of 26 ± 2°C. BRAC Hysun 33 showed best shoot formation in MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA (97.03%), while BARI Surjomukhi-2 gave best shoot formation in MS media supplemented with 3.0 mg/l BAP (80.00%). The regenerated shoots were transferred to rooting media that contained two different concentrations of the hormone IBA. Root formation occurred best on shoots that had been grown in MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA for BRAC Hysun 33 and in MS with 3.0 mg/l BAP for BARI Surjomukhi-2. In relation to rooting hormone, there were no difference in percentage rooting between the two concentrations, though roots were bigger and formed faster in ½MS with 0.4 mg/l IBA. All the plantlets that formed roots were transferred to soil for hardening. Plants that formed roots in ½MS media with 0.4 mg/l IBA and underwent shooting on MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.5 mg/l NAA (for BRAC Hysun 33) or MS with 1.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1 mg/l NAA (for BARI Surjomukhi-2) survived better. BRAC Hysun 33 proved to be the best variety, giving the most surviving plantlets with tallest average height and more numbers of flowers, buds and viable seeds.
Fertilizer management practices in potato cultivation: a baseline study for the introduction of GE potato in Bangladesh
(frontiers, 2024-07-12) Nahiyan, Abu Shamim Mohammad; Islam, Saiful; Islam, Aparna; Rahman, Mohammad Ataur; Hasan, Mohammad Mahmood; Eusufzai, Tasnin Khan; Afreen, Mohsina; Ansarey, Fareyzul Haque; Khan, Tahmina; Uddin, A. F. M. Jamal
Genetically engineered (GE) crops have the potential to contribute to agricultural sustainability, food security, and nutritional enrichment. However, these crops cannot be released for commercial cultivation without undergoing environmental risk assessments (ERA), thus biosafety evaluation. ERA assessments are performed comparatively with their natural non-GE counterparts. As Bangladesh is progressing with GE potato research, the present study aims to collect baseline information on non-GE potato cultivation with an emphasis on current agronomic practices focusing on fertilizer management and farmers’ knowledge base. The survey had three parts, including information on the farmers, information on potato cultivation practices, especially fertilizer use, and lastly, the farmer’s view on GE potato. From 2020 to 2021, data were collected through interviews with experienced growers in four potato-growing regions, the Central and Mid-East, North-West, Mid-West, and South-East regions (n = 1757) of the country. The study revealed that farmers of all regions used more than the recommended amounts of fertilizer; for instance, 67.1% more nitrogen fertilizer was applied as an extra dose during potato cultivation in Munshiganj (Central and Mid-East) than in the Dinajpur region (North-West). This overuse of nitrogen fertilizer can enhance plant vigor but makes the plants more susceptible to insect attraction and allows pests easier access to the plants. As a result, the excess dose of nitrogen fertilizer in Munshiganj may act as a catalyst to increase the probability of late blight. The ﬁndings also showed that 73.6% of farmers observed unexpected ﬂowering in certain potato cultivars, which corresponded to the higher application of phosphate and potassium fertilizers aimed at late blight control. Furthermore, this study reported infestations of Solanaceous weeds, speciﬁcally Solanum torvum and Physalis heterophylla, in potato ﬁelds. Finally, our ﬁndings demonstrated that more than 68.7% of the potato growers intend to adopt diseaseresistant GE potato as that may reduce the need for excess fertilizer use and thus reduce cultivation costs.
Genetic diversity of potato accessions revealed by simple sequence repeat makers
(BRAC University, 2023-09) Samiha, Tasnim Khandaker; Islam, Aparna
Potato is one of the most economically important food crops worldwide. Information on the genetic diversity of a germplasm bank is necessary for potato breeding. In this study, genetic diversity of 62 potato accessions developed by ACI, Limited, Bangladesh, have been analyzed using 9 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. We identified 46 unique alleles for the 9 loci, with 93.5% showing polymorphism. The number of alleles ranged from three to eleven with the average being 7.3. The polymorphic information content per locus ranged from 0.621 to 0.888, with an average of 0.787. The accessions showed significant diversity since the calculated Jaccard’s similarity coefficient ranged from 0.182 to 0.778. Analysis using the unweighted pair-group method arithmetic average (UPGMA) grouped the accessions in 5 clusters. Evaluation of the SSR primers will help in future genetic diversity studies, while the diversity information will aid in parental selection in breeding programs.
Identification of synchronized role of transcription factors, genes and enzymes in Arabidopsis thaliana under four Abiotic stress responsive pathways
(BRAC University, 2014-03) Mahdi, Rabab; Islam, Aparna
DNA microarray databases are widely used tool to predict and identify functional genomics and gene expression. This plant genomic recourse can solve various biological questions related to biotic and abiotic stresses at molecular as well as cellular levels. Under stress conditions, various types of proteins and DNA sequences play important role in plant to withstand the adverse conditions. These elements can be transcription factors, regulatory genes and enzymes which independently or in connection with each other attain this task. The present study was conducted to identify these DNA sequences through microarray datasets and find out the connection between their products, and to produce a network in model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Four microarray datasets responding to abiotic stresses, like, heat, cold, drought and abscisic acid were considered here. Preliminary study started with ArrayExpress which gave four groups of DNA sequences for each stress signals. To figure out the common physiological characters between these thousands of genes, 42 common genes were found to be up-regulated during the selected stresses. Among them, 30 found to be closely related. Further bioinformatics study and also literature mining showed that of these 30, eight genes, like, DREB2A, P5CS1, ERD5, CPL1, NHX1, SOS1, SOS2 and SOS3 are highly responsive to the above abiotic stresses. Later their protein-protein networking, protein stability, conserved sequences, interactive domain and individual interectome with other genes were studied. This was done using different web based datasoft, namely, String database, GeneMania, Gene Ontology and InterProScan. The study revealed that these eight genes not only get up-regulated but also they create a connection to each other and produce a tolerance hub. In the present study, the identified genes imply a concurrent defensive role against these abiotic stresses. In future, study needs to be undertaken to validate these findings under in vivo condition so that the knowledge can be applied in agriculture to improve crop protection and production under variable climatic conditions.
In vitro culture establishment from Cotyledon and Embryonic Axis Explants of two Bangladeshi Sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) varieties
(BRAC University, 2015-03) Chowdhury, Maisha Mosharrat; Islam, Aparna
Sunflower is considered as source of cholesterol free edible oil. Because of cross pollinating nature of this plant, it is difficult to identify true breeding homozygous line, thus, breeding becomes intricate. Besides, due to biotic and abiotic stresses, development of this crop is urgent. This study was aimed to develop a potential alternative to improve qualitative and quantitative production of this crop through basic tissue culture regeneration. Several attempts with various explants have already discovered in past but no initiative was reported for Bangladeshi sunflower varieties. In present study, optimum seed sterilization method; the efficiency of different explants; effect of different growth hormones in different combinations and concentrations and rooting efficiency of initiated shoots were demonstrated for two farmer popular Bangladeshi sunflower varieties, namely BARI Surjomukhi 2 and BRAC Hysun 33. The seeds were washed with 70% ethanol for 3 minutes followed by vigorous hand shaking with 14% Clorox for 20 minutes. To collect explant, named embryonic axis, testas were removed and 3 mm piece from proximal portion of the seed was excised and inoculated in different combinations and concentrations of hormone supplemented media. For explant cotyledon, sterilized seeds were inoculated in germination media to obtain different ages seedlings, thus five, seven and nine days cotyledon explant was collected. In case of explant embryonic axis, BRAC Hysun 33 variety showed maximum (58.33%) regeneration in 1.0 mg/l BAP with 0.1 mg/l NAA hormone supplemented media while in BARI Surjomukhi 2 variety, 2.0 mg/l BAP gave highest (46.67%) regeneration. Elongated shoots were inoculated in 0.2 mg/l IBA containing media for root induction but further studies are needed to optimize rooting media concentration. The second explant, cotyledon remained nonregenerative in both varieties. Further studies need to be done to develop regeneration system from this explant. In future reproducibility of this protocol using embryonic axis needs to be evaluated.
In Vitro regeneration and rapid multiplication of two orchid varieties of Dendrobium bensoniae and Dendrobium aphyllum
(BRAC University, 2016-04) Riva, Sahida Siraj; Islam, Aparna; Hoque, Ekramul
The effect of different concentrations of BA and IBA on in vitro plant regeneration was studied in both varieties of Dendrobium bensoniae and Dendrobium aphyllum. The composition of the culture medium using different hormone along or in combination affected the induction, regeneration and multiplication of both varieties of Dendrobium orchid. BA with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l and IBA with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l were used in both varieties. Combined hormonal concentrations were also used. Shoot regeneration using nodal explants was found to be best in 2.0 mg/l BA supplementation on MS medium, which gives better responses than all other combinations of BA and BA+IBA concentrations under study in both D. bensoniae and D. aphyllum. In hormonal combination, highest number of shoots and leaves were found using 1.0 mg/l BA and 1.5 mg/l IBA along with MS medium in both varieties. The highest number and maximum length of roots were noticed using 1.5 mg/l IBA in D. bensoniae. Similarly, highest number and maximum length of roots were found in concentration of 2.0 mg/l in case of D. aphyllum. In hormonal combination, 0.5 mg/l BA and 1.0 mg/l IBA with MS medium found to be most effective for root induction in both varieties of D. bensoniae and D. aphyllum. The well-rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized, planted in pots and transferred to the shade house for establishment. So MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA may be used for rapid shoot induction, regeneration and multiplication and 0.5 BA+1.0 IBA (mg/l) supplemented with MS medium may be used for rapid induction of root in D. bensoniae and D. aphyllum.
Micropropagation of environmental stress tolerant local potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties of Bangladesh
(© 2014 Bangladesh Association for Plant Tissue, 2014) Parveen, Fazlima; Khatun, Mahmuda; Islam, Aparna
In vitro response of four explants namely, leaf, shoot apex, nodal and internodal, in three stress tolerant Bangladeshi potato varieties, viz. Zaubilati, Shadaguti and Challisha were tested. Of all the varieties, Shadaguti responded best for all the explants. Among the explants nodal segment responded best, followed by shoot apex. For all these explants and varieties, shoot regeneration response was tested in response to two cytokines, BAP and Kn. When compared between BAP and Kn supplementation, Kn treatment performed better than that of BAP for nodal and shoot apex, while opposite was observed for remaining explants. Interestingly, hormone free basal PROP medium was found to be best for nodal explants of both Zaubilati and Challisha varieties. While nodal explants of Shadaguti showed the best result in 0.5 mg/l Kn. Shoot apex performed best in 0.5 mg/l Kn for all the varieties. As an explant both internode and leaf did not perform well. Direct regeneration from these explants was found best in PROP + 0.2 mg/l GA3 + 0.5 mg/l IAA; 1.0 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l BAP for Zaubilai, Challisha and Shadaguti, respectively. For rooting, of the in vitro grown shoots half strength of PROP medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA was found to be best. Cent percent survival of transplanted plantlets was recorded. The successful protocol for in vitro regeneration was developed which can be used for large scale production of these abiotic stress tolerant potato varieties.
Micropropagation of environmental stress tolerant local potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties of Bangladesh
(© 2014 Bangladesh Association for Plant Tissue, 2014) Parveen, Fazlima; Khatun, Mahmuda; Islam, Aparna
In vitro response of four explants namely, leaf, shoot apex, nodal and internodal, in three stress tolerant Bangladeshi potato varieties, viz. Zaubilati, Shadaguti and Challisha were tested. Of all the varieties, Shadaguti responded best for all the explants. Among the explants nodal segment responded best, followed by shoot apex. For all these explants and varieties, shoot regeneration response was tested in response to two cytokines, BAP and Kn. When compared between BAP and Kn supplementation, Kn treatment performed better than that of BAP for nodal and shoot apex, while opposite was observed for remaining explants. Interestingly, hormone free basal PROP medium was found to be best for nodal explants of both Zaubilati and Challisha varieties. While nodal explants of Shadaguti showed the best result in 0.5 mg/l Kn. Shoot apex performed best in 0.5 mg/l Kn for all the varieties. As an explant both internode and leaf did not perform well. Direct regeneration from these explants was found best in PROP + 0.2 mg/l GA3 + 0.5 mg/l IAA; 1.0 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l BAP for Zaubilai, Challisha and Shadaguti, respectively. For rooting, of the in vitro grown shoots half strength of PROP medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA was found to be best. Cent percent survival of transplanted plantlets was recorded. The successful protocol for in vitro regeneration was developed which can be used for large scale production of these abiotic stress tolerant potato varieties.
Micropropagation of environmental stress tolerant local potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties of Bangladesh
(© 2014 Bangladesh Association for Plant Tissue, 2014) Parveen, Fazlima; Khatun, Mahmuda; Islam, Aparna
In vitro response of four explants namely, leaf, shoot apex, nodal and internodal, in three stress tolerant Bangladeshi potato varieties, viz. Zaubilati, Shadaguti and Challisha were tested. Of all the varieties, Shadaguti responded best for all the explants. Among the explants nodal segment responded best, followed by shoot apex. For all these explants and varieties, shoot regeneration response was tested in response to two cytokines, BAP and Kn. When compared between BAP and Kn supplementation, Kn treatment performed better than that of BAP for nodal and shoot apex, while opposite was observed for remaining explants. Interestingly, hormone free basal PROP medium was found to be best for nodal explants of both Zaubilati and Challisha varieties. While nodal explants of Shadaguti showed the best result in 0.5 mg/l Kn. Shoot apex performed best in 0.5 mg/l Kn for all the varieties. As an explant both internode and leaf did not perform well. Direct regeneration from these explants was found best in PROP + 0.2 mg/l GA3 + 0.5 mg/l IAA; 1.0 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l BAP for Zaubilai, Challisha and Shadaguti, respectively. For rooting, of the in vitro grown shoots half strength of PROP medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA was found to be best. Cent percent survival of transplanted plantlets was recorded. The successful protocol for in vitro regeneration was developed which can be used for large scale production of these abiotic stress tolerant potato varieties.
Micropropagation of medicinal plant in Bangladesh: A short review
(BRAC University, 2022-12) Chamak, Fowzia Hariz; Islam, Aparna
Micropropagation of medicinal plants is widely applied in the ayurvedic and pharmaceutical industries to produce active compounds. Besides that, in-vitro regeneration is important in the production of high-quality plant-based medicine. This also helps to conserve the genetic material of several vulnerable medicinal plants. Micropropagation protocols have been developed for a wide variety of medicinal plants, including endangered and vulnerable plant species. These well-developed methods are now available to assist growers in meeting the demands of the pharmaceutical industry in the next century. This study reviews in vitro micropropagation methods of medicinal plants and gives a comprehensive knowledge of these plants.