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Browsing by Author "Hasan, Md. Mahmudul"

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    A Decision Making Approach for Selecting an Event Management Company
    (Daffodil International University, 2021-01-28) Afrin, Faria; Ahmed, Nisar; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    Understanding the goals with planning, designing, conceptualization and co-ordination an event management company plays a vital role and ends this process with proper execution. But nowadays many clients are facing more and more demanding and competitive market where taking decisions are completely tough. For this reason it is much more difficult for a client to find the best company when we have so many alternatives. For that purpose, available decision making methods are studied which may aid the decision makers to set the priorities and help them to make the best decision. The decision-making process involves a choice from a number of alternatives. This process is usually a complex process, which involves resources and time consumption. In this paper, we have considered five important attributes among three different companies as alternatives which is regarded as a multi criteria decision making problem for selecting an Event Management Company. In this study, a decision support framework is proposed for the selection of Event Management Company and ranking them using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and Generic Feature Extraction Method. This paper provides all the detailed information about the decision making process to aid the decision makers. Here all the relative importance of alternatives has been calculated by using AHP. The ultimate decision is prepared based on the arithmetical scores seized by the alternatives and to demonstrate all the things is presented on the proposed methodology
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    A Greener Approach to Harvest Energy using Piezo-Speed Breaker
    (IEEE, 2019-04-04) Islam, Akib Jayed; Hamid, Mohammed Kaiser; Alam, Sadman Shahriar; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Hoque, Md Azizul; Rafid, Mohammad Nokib Monsur
    At present, the need for power is paramount. To meet the current necessity of undisrupted power supply, researchers are working on different renewable and green energy sources. For powering up devices, it is required to make the wired connection either with batteries or with a grid line. However, the batteries are subjected to charging and maintenance which makes it difficult to charge it every now and then in conventional ways at locations such as busy roads and remote places. To solve this situation, energy harvesting technique using piezoelectric material can be used. This technique is mainly based on converting mechanical stress into electrical energy by means of low-frequency vibration using piezoelectric effect. In this paper, we have proposed an innovative way to harvest energy by piezoelectric effect in the roads using the vibratory motion of vehicles. There are several works that have been done on harvesting energy from piezoelectric material, but the limitation of this kind of source is a micro level of energy. Our motivation is to provide a circuitry using a boost converter to level up the output voltage and hence increase the efficiency. The circuit comprises of an electrochemical battery, an AC to DC rectifier, and a switchable DC to DC converter that controls the energy flow into the battery. A versatile control strategy for the DC to DC converter is utilized to persistently actualize the ideal power transfer hypothesis and exploit the power stored in the battery. Vibration energy generated by the movement of the vehicle can be converted into electrical energy by the piezo-speed breaker. As a consequence, this stored energy can be used to power up the roadside traffic signal and street lights. The prototype ensures a green energy source that will reduce power generation cost and the usage of fossil fuel.
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    A Low-Cost GPS based Application for Navigating Shallow Waters
    (IEEE, 2019-06-27) Alam, Sadman Shahriar; Islam, Akib Jayed; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Imtiaz, Md. Nafiz
    Parts of the Norwegian coastline have a dense population of skerries, which can easily lead to collisions of small boats. Bigger vessels have an abundance of navigation systems, Automatic Identification System (AIS), and similar systems. But smaller boats are not regulated by the same laws and are more likely to traverse shallow areas. With a low-cost GPS receiver in conjunction with digitized maps, it will be possible to classify areas as shallow and notify the user. By creating a mobile application, small boats can also get some of the information and warning systems as larger ships now have. Further, it can be possible to incorporate this into a standalone microcontroller with a GPS module. In order to maximize the number of users, the price of such a product needs to be sufficiently low in order to justify the investment. By implementing this concept with a smartphone application, the cost is reduced substantially, as the hardware is readily available. This paper will provide a mobile-based application that sends in coordinates using GPS and other information from the mobile device to the web-based server, which then returns depth data. The mobile application then decides whether you are approaching a safe or dangerous area. This application was tested on Elgeseter Bridge in Trondheim, Norway. Accuracy testing of the GPS modules on mobile phones and an external GPS module (Quectel L80) were carried out and the outcome of those tests are discussed in the result.
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    A study of Performance Analysis of Image Compression Methods and Denoising Natural Image
    (Daffodil International University, 2012-08-27) Sarkar, Md. Ashikur Rahman; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Khalek, Md. Abdul
    Image compression is in high demand as it reduces the computational time and consequently the cost in image storage and transmission. The basis for image compression is to remove redundant and unimportant data while to keep the compressed image quality in an acceptable range. Image compression is an application of data compression on digital images which is in highly demand as it reduces the computational time and consequently the cost in image storage and transmission. Wavelet Transform (WT) is used for compressing a natural image, De noise. Several wavelets (Haar, Daubechies, Coiflet, Symmlet and Dmey) are used for compressing and Denoising image. As a measure of performance Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Compression Ratio (CR) are calculated between the original and compressed images. It is observed from our study that Haar performs better (lowest RMSE, highest PSNR and CR) than any other tested wavelets for natural Image. JPEG compression method performs 48.85% better than Haar wavelet.
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    A study of Performance Analysis of Image Compression Methods and Denoising Natural Image
    (Daffodil International University, 2012-08) Sarkar, Md. Ashikur Rahman; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Khalek, Md. Abdul
    Image compression is in high demand as it reduces the computational time and consequently the cost in image storage and transmission. The basis for image compression is to remove redundant and unimportant data while to keep the compressed image quality in an acceptable range. Image compression is an application of data compression on digital images which is in highly demand as it reduces the computational time and consequently the cost in image storage and transmission. Wavelet Transform (WT) is used for compressing a natural image, De noise. Several wavelets (Haar, Daubechies, Coiflet, Symmlet and Demy) are used for compressing and Denoising image. As a measure of performance Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), Compression Ratio (CR) are calculated between the original and compressed images. It is observed from our study that Haar performs better (lowest RMSE, highest PSNR and CR) than any other tested wavelets for natural Image. JPEG compression method performs 48.85% better than Haar wavelet
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    A Study on the Mechanical, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Nylon-mesh/Epoxy Composite.
    (Bangladesh Physical Society, 2021-06-16) Fahim, Shahid Uddin; Islam, Md. Tanjimul; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Gim, Humaira Khondokar; Jahan, Fatema; Ferdous, Humayra; Hossain, Tafazzal; Haque, Md. Ehasanul
    We fabricated the nylon-mesh reinforced epoxy composite by using the hand lay-up method. In this composite, nylon mesh act as the reinforcing material whereas epoxy resin is the matrix material. Comparisons have been made between blank epoxy sheet and the composite. We observed improved mechanical properties such as tensile strength, strain, hardness, and flexural strength from the composited rather than blank epoxy sheet. However, Young’s modulus was not found promising. In case of optical observations, Light absorbance increases, and optical band gap decreases slightly. Considering the Electrical properties, we observed better electrical insulation properties from our fabricated composite than the blank epoxy sheet. In addition, the water absorption properties have also been discussed in this research article. These observations of different properties will contribute to open the new wings of many new applications and help to further improve the quality of the composites
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    A Systematic Review on Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) & It’s Management
    (Daffodil International University, 2024-11-05) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a disorder that affects the digestive system that affects many people. Gastric pains, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation are common symptoms of this condition. These tend to come and go throughout time, and they might endure for a few days, a few weeks, or even a few months. It's generally an issue that lasts a lifetime. My aim of this study is, to find out the main reason and possible treatment of IBS. The study is conducted with literature review. I reviewed around 51 articles for this study. In this review, I was found Approximately 35% of cases of IBS were caused by viral infections, mostly norovirus and rotavirus; bacterial infections were around 65% with Campylobacter spp and Salmonella spp. Education, reassurance, stress management, and relaxation methods should all be included in the initial therapy of irritable bowel syndrome. Depending on the nature and degree of symptoms, further treatments may be necessary. Additional fluids, guar gum, exercise, and fiber may be beneficial for those with moderate constipation-predominant IBS who have minor symptoms.
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    A Technical and Financial Study of Solar Home System in Bangladesh : Prospects , Challenges , Constrains
    (Daffodil International University, 2019-01) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Hasan, Md. Mehedi
    Power is one of the most important factors in developing country and for sustainable economy. Like the rest of the countries of the planet, in Bangladesh the demand for power is increasing day by day. The main aim of our research is to find out the irradiation of sun in Dhaka city in the month of September so that the power production by the solar panel can be estimated and, we collect the solar irradiation and the maximum power data in Dhaka for (September)0ne month and analyze the data to get average irradiation and find the relationship between solar irradiation and power and by using this data we can easily understand the electricity production by solar home system and create a standard form of power production of solar home system in 2018.This research is an endeavor to analyze the socio economic impact by using solar Home system and also test the feasibility of maximum power can be generated from the panel. Social and Economic development from SHS and their prospects , challenges and constrains can be estimated by specific method named SWOT analysis. This research is basically for rural area where grid electricity is not available. Our research have done be a remote village named “Monpura” situated in the district of “Bhola. So to be a part of this modern world, electricity is the basic needs... Solar Home system (SHS) is very effective for any remote villages like monpura. Other hand this renewable electricity system not only performs Electrification but also perform social and economic development for any society. By using this Solar Home System (SHS) people can be benefited. Their income has increased, their education status has increased, and they are socially active.
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    Android Based Mobile Application Smart Traveller
    (Daffodil International University, 2022-01-06) Ruhid, Shah Md. Redoan; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Ahamed, Md. Sabbir
    When a traveler wants to visit a place, the traveler looks for information about the place like- how to go, what are the popular spots to visit there, what are the best rated hotels to stay, what could be the estimated budget to travel there, what problems did the other travelers faced after going there etc. but we have seen that, travelers often have a complain that they cannot obtain all of these necessary information. This smart travel guide application seeks to solve these kind of problems faced by the traveler before and after going on a place. By using latest information about a place and any other guidance-related details requested by the traveler. The traveler can explore tourist destinations in a better way. The application includes features like- places of Bangladesh, Booking services, Budget tour, Nearby restaurants, ATM’s and more. The traveler can book a hotel to stay and also rent a vehicle (Car, bike, bicycle) at the tour place. With this application the traveler can get information about hotels, vehicle rent providers, tour events, emergency services and information about problems faced by others travelers, so that travelers can take precautions before going anywhere. We thought that, a traveler could make a perfect trip and a better tour plan, if we use these features in the application.
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    Apparel manufacturing & merchandising- Interstoff Apparels Ltd.
    (BRAC University, 9/14/2014) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Ghosh, Suntu Kumar
    By means of practical knowledge it's not possible to apply the theoretical knowledge in the practical field. For any technical education, practical experience is almost equaled important in association with the theoretical knowledge. The industrial attachment is the process which builds understanding, skills and attitude of the performer which improves his knowledge in boosting productivity and services. University education provides us vast theoretical knowledge as well as more practical attachment in despite of all these industrial attachments help me to be familiar with technical support of modern machinery and skillfulness about various processing stages. It also provides us sufficient practical knowledge about production management, work study, efficiency, industrial management, purchasing, utility and maintenance of machinery and their operation techniques etc. The above mentioned cannot be achieved successfully by means of theoretical knowledge only. This is why it should be accomplished with practical knowledge in which it is based on. Industrial attachment makes us reliable to be accustomed with the industrial atmosphere and improve courage and inspiration to take self-responsibilities. Garments study cannot be completed without factory based training because this industrial training minimizes the gap between theoretical and practical knowledge and makes us accustomed to industrial environment. I got an opportunity to complete three-month long industrial training at Interstoff Apparels Ltd. which is a 100% export-oriented composite industry. It has well planned & equipped fabric dyeing-finishing and garments units in addition to facilitate knitting and knitwear manufacturing.
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    Assessment on Buriganga River Water Quality at Selected Locations
    (Daffodil International University, 2022-02-22) Rashedujjaman, Md.; Feroz, Md. Rana; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    This assessment has been performed to investigate the present water quality of Buriganga river at selected locations and to find possible solutions to prevent the degradation of the Buriganga river water quality. The present water quality parameters have been compared with the irrigation standard of Bangladesh (ECR, 1997) and also to investigate the trend of changing of the water quality parameters with respect to time. To ensure better and healthy environment to the riverine areas of Buriganga river and to protect the river water from pollution several steps must have been taken. From three stations (Babubazar Bridge ghat, Badamtoli ghat and Wise ghat), nine samples have been collected. The selected parameters are pH, DO, BOD, EC, TDS and Turbidity. From the laboratory test it has been noted that the DO value of sample-6 is 2.9 mg/L under Badamtoli ghat which is the biggest threat to the aquatic organism. The EC, TDS and Turbidity value Badamtoli ghat is comparatively higher than the other stations. The overall average DO and BOD value of three stations are not satisfactory. The Water Quality Index developed from the weighted arithmetic index method which represents that the index value of the three stations that are respectively 151, 134 and 136 which indicate that the water is unfit for irrigation according to ECR, 1997. Since 2011 to 2021 the pH value trends to rises up. The TDS value also trends to rises up. On the other hand, the DO value is significantly decreasing. From this observation the indication is clear that the water quality of Buriganga river is degrading with an alarming rate which unfolds a huge environment and health risk.
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    Automatic Brain Tumor Detection Using Feature Selection and Machine Learning from MRI Images.
    (Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Electrical, Control and Computer Engineering. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 842. Springer, Singapore, 2023-03-09) Shafi, A. S. M.; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Mollah, M. M. Imran; Alam, Mohammad Khurshed; Islam, Md. Tarequl
    A brain tumor is a group of defective cells in the brain. It happens when a cell in the brain develops a dysfunctional structure. Nowadays it becom-ing a crucial factor of death for a large number of people. Among all the varie-ties of tumors, the seriousness of a brain tumor is high. Therefore, instant detec-tion and proper care to be done to save a life from brain tumors. Microscopic examination can separate the tumor cells from healthy cells. They are typically less well separated than normal cells. In modern imaging technology, the de-tection and classification of brain tumors is a primary concern. For a clinical supervisor or radiologist, it is time-consuming and frustrating work. The accu-racy of recognition and classification of tumors executed by radiologists or clin-ical experts is depended on their experience only. Therefore, accurate identifi-cation and classification of brain tumors can be determined by image processing techniques. This research suggests a machine learning module to detect brain tumors using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain tumors. The method consists of pre-processing of nearly raw raster data (NRRD) of the MRI images, feature extraction, feature selection, and the classification learner to evaluate and construct the final model. The classification learner is designed with a sup-port vector machine (SVM) classifier. The classification method performs well with weighted sensitivity, specificity, precision, and accuracy of 98.81%, 98.88%, 98.82%, and 98.81% respectively. The findings may infer a remarka-ble step for detecting the presence of tumors in neuro-medicine diagnosis.
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    CARE- a Web Application Project Providing on Medical Services
    (Daffodil International University, 2021-09-11) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    Medical Service Management System (CARE) is our major emphasis. It will enhance the medical experience for both nurses and other healthcare providers. The whole Internet will be used to run the system. Scripts are developed in PHP, Java Script, query, as well as HTML as well as HTML and CSS. From any location with internet access, users will be able to log in to the system. connection. These individuals will thereafter be able to do different duties that have been assigned to them. Users can be divided into three groups: i.e. (Management, Patient and Doctor). The Every user who may profit from our service is our major priority. It can only be converted for doctors into a paid system. Where doctors are able to pay for more cloud storage. The number of patients also varies from physician to doctor, and different kinds of patients might be present. There are different patients a doctor may have. We may expect that physicians are going to need various cloud storage. For each physician we may assign a fixed cloud storage. You can request additional storage on request and they are charged for their request. We can produce different packages and attribute different costs. The patients are provided with some room to retain their data. Since the patient just need storage for himself he can use it as a free user. This makes the system more practical and convenient for everybody.
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    Causes of delays in government sector project: a case study of Power Grid Company of Bangladesh (PGCB) Ltd.
    (BRAC University, 2018) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    If we are to make a list of the most perennial problems of development Projects, delays in project will top the list. This very phenomenon is also quite common in the development projects of Bangladesh. For a project, delay leaves an adverse effect on the controlling features of cost, time, safety and quality. Time extension, cost overrun, disputes, arbitration, litigation etc. are few of the vital consequences of delay. Throughout last decade, a pivotal period for Bangladesh, a major shift happened regarding the capacity and volume of the infrastructure development. In this reality, it is an unavoidable necessity to run an in-depth systematic analysis of the factors behind delay and develop a lucid understanding among the professionals. In order to dive deep into the investigation on Project-delay in Government Sectors, PGCB is considered as a case study for this research. This study focuses on identifying delay factors on PGCB projects and analyzing these factors using Relative Importance Index method. To achieve this, 56 different delay factors were identified and later categorized into9major groups through detailed literature review and after that, a survey based on questionnaire was conducted where consultants, clients and contractors were asked about the causes of delay. Relative Importance Index method was used to quantify the relative importance of the delay factors. Ranking was made according to the level of importance. Secondary data was collected from different project offices of PGCB and this data was analysed and investigated to point out the factors of delay. Dominating factors affecting time overrun are Ineffective planning and scheduling, poor site management by contractor, type of project bidding and award, late contract award, slowness in decision making etc.Domestic issues of the country are revealed to be the kind of factors that result in delayed completion of projects. Through this work, four recommendations are provided to help reduce delays in projects. Hopefully, these findings and recommendations will help improve the overall efficiency of construction industry and also be helpful to professionals around the globe.
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    Comparative performance study and techno-economic analysis of different solar water heater in Bangladesh
    (University of Dhaka, 2016-11-20) Bagchi, Mrinmoy; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    FPC and ETC solar water heater has many potential markets in the camping, outdoors living, and humanitarian sectors in Bangladesh and huge opportunity at winter. The study was conduct to compare the performance of FPC at various flow rates with ETC and techno-economic analysis in Bangladesh prospects.The output water temperature and thetemperature difference of input-output water highest found 64.940C and 28.020C inETC at 4.5 l/m.The efficiency at different flow rate found ETC is 79.28% at 4.5 l/m and FPC is 28.32% at 3.4 l/m. At the stagnant condition the output temperature found highest 890C and 940C of FPC and ETC respectively when the glass surface and covered metal surface of the FPC found 500C and 480C respectively.The highest efficiency found of FPC found 89% at average 145W/m2 daily radiation and of ETC highest efficiency 93% at average 246W/m2 at 2.5 l/m flow rate. The swimming pool in University of Dhaka need Tk.51,98,000.00 and 1155m2 area for FPC, on the other hand Tk. 90,86,000.00 and 770m2 area for ETC to run at winter.
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    Design and Development of a Low-Cost IoT based Environmental Pollution Monitoring System
    (IEEE, 2019-01-31) Alam, Sadman Shahriar; Islam, Akib Jayed; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Rafid, Mohammad Nokib Monsur; Chakma, Nishako; Imtiaz, Md. Nafiz
    Environment pollution is one of the foremost and crucial factors affecting lifestyles and health of human, living organisms, natural or built environment. This paper will provide a low cost environmental pollution monitoring system for monitoring the highly toxic gases like (CO2,CO,&CH4), sound pollution, temperature and dust measurements which is designed by observing users' requirement to distinguish and keep away from disclosure to air and noise pollutants. The system consists of multiple gas sensors, dust device, sound sensor and temperature sensor that are integrated into a single platform. This paper will present a brand new system that includes digital hardware for obtaining atmospheric data and software to analyze the results. The designed system can provide calibration of the sensors along with improving the optimization to preserve vitality which results in the improvement of the precision of sensor information. In addition to this, the system is connected to the web via Wi-Fi or customer's tablet or smartphone and can be interfaced to another device for the Internet of Things (IoT) based applications. This work makes an attempt to observe the quality of air and sound of a particular location and send this information to responsible people who will use this information to upgrade the standard of living of local people of that location, which is one of the first ideas about Smart City. The cost and effort of implementation is incredibly cheap and easy as the sensors and the microcontrollers are available in abundant. The online data storage system has extended the user friendly environment by modernizing all existing factors over a general server. The experimental results demonstrate the effectualness of this research work in terms of quick detection and real time response.
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    Design and Implementation of an Embedded System to Observe the Atmospheric Condition using a Helium Balloon
    (IEEE, 2019-06-27) Alam, Sadman Shahriar; Islam, Akib Jayed; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Farhad, Md Mehedi
    For conducting any space-related research such as surveillance and communication, launching high power rocket, geographical imaging or even space exploration, it is necessary to know the optimal weather condition at different levels of the atmosphere. One of the most commonly used methods for measuring the atmospheric conditions is using a weather balloon. Of course, this can be done by using modern-day satellite technology. But satellite, for example, provides temperature only on the land surface. As a result, it limits the possibility of providing accurate measurements on temperature profile at different levels of atmosphere or wind speed of the jet stream. An embedded system consists of different sensors is capable of providing profiles of temperature, pressure and relative humidity at different altitude with the help of a helium balloon. In this paper, we have designed and implemented a remotely controlled embedded system. The RF transmitter is linked with the sensors on board of the balloon payload, which sends the measurements back to a ground tracking antenna on a set radio frequency. The display section receives the transmitted data for further processing and acquiring graphical results. In previous research papers on this topic, there was no graphical representation of acquired weather data from the experiment where we have discussed the outcome of the experiment with graphical representation.
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    Design, Development and Performance Analysis of a Low-Cost Health-Care Monitoring System using an Android Application
    (IEEE, 2019-06-27) Islam, Akib Jayed; Farhad, Md Mehedi; Alam, Sadman Shahriar; Chakraborty, Swarup; Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Nesar, Md Siddat Bin
    Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients need continuous monitoring of bio-signals and regular hospital visit to improve health conditions. A portable health monitoring device can provide continuous monitoring of chronic diseases. In this paper, a low-cost health monitoring system is introduced to observe Electrocardiogram (ECG), body temperature and heart-beat. This research illustrates the use of android smartphone and Android applications to process and visualize the ECG signal, heart rate, and temperature. An android application is developed to monitor, store and share this biomedical signal data with an expert to get the fastest treatment. The system can also store the previous data to observe patient's history easily whenever necessary. The design strategy, experimental data with android apps, smartphone synchronization, real-time monitoring have been presented in this paper. The prototype can be utilized to control heart diseases for the people in the underdeveloped area.
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    Designing of plasmonic high pass wavelength filter and band pass filter
    (Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, 2017-11-15) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul; Hasan, Mehedi; Saiham, Dewan
    Plasmonic devices have become one of the most attractive research interest in present times due to its capability to overcome few of the shortcomings of electronic devices. One of the major advantage offered by the plasmonic devices is its ability to overcome diffraction limit that arises due to miniaturization of the devices. Among various types of plasmonic devices, plasmonic filters have attracted the eyes of researchers recently. Filters like high pass, low pass and band pass filters are noteworthy among the filter designs. Here, one nanoscale plasmonic high pass filter and one band pass filter designs are proposed using metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide. The nanoscale plasmonic high pass filter consists of inward and outward grating profiles which are apodized by super Gaussian function and the band pass filter consists of ring resonator. The frequency dependent model of the metal is developed using Lorentz-Drude model which is solved numerically using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulation in order to calculate the transmission efficiency of the filter. Changing various design parameters, the comparison of performance is also analyzed. Moreover, the proposed design is easier to fabricate since the simple geometrical shape is proposed
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    Development and Analysis Low-cost Robotic Prosthetic Arm
    (©Daffodil International University, 2022-01-13) Hasan, Md. Mahmudul
    Being born without arm and losing arm by accident is a common issue. A robotic Prosthetic arm is an important product for handless people. A good robotic prosthetic arm is able to restore the functionality of their lost hand. At present, there are many good-quality prosthetic arm is available in the market at present are very expensive, which is very tough to afford the cost for everyone. And to overcome this problem, in this article we shown the design and development process of a low-cost Prosthetic hand using PLA material with 3D printing technology. The height of this prosthetic arm is usually about 16 inches long. A microcontroller that controls the whole arm and the microcontroller will be controlled by the sensor, the sensor will control the electromyographic (EMG) signal from the user's hand muscle movement. The component list, features and price of our prosthetic arm have been compared with some of the arms in the market. Which has enabled our study to reach the goal.
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