A narrative review on association of smoking with genetic polymorphism leading different life threatening diseases

Abstract

Genetic polymorphism has a very strong correlation with different kinds of diseases. Smoking causes genetic changes which are responsible for diseases like cancers, stroke, cardiovascular diseases, infertility etc. Mutations in the DNA sequence can alter the proteins, microRNAs, or other gene products. This might result in issues like the gene product experiencing loss or increase of function, affecting its linked processes. The variation in the nAChR subunit genes is the strongest genetic contribution for smoking-related traits, according to large genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses conducted in recent years. However, many other genes have also been associated by candidate gene studies, small-scale GWAS, and extensive animal studies. The aim of this review article is to overview the association of smoking with genetic polymorphism in various kinds of health hazards.