CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBIOGRAM OF SELECTIVE PATHOGENS IN PNEUMO-ENTERITIC GOATS

Abstract

Pneumonia and enteritis are still the most common and costly diseases affecting small ruminants. Indiscriminate use of antibiotics in animals against bacterial infections has led to emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. The sensitivity and resistance of antimicrobials to different drug with associate risk factors in pneumoenteritic goats is crucial to investigate to ensure effective treatment as well as taking necessary steps for minimizing the antimicrobial resistance. Hence, the cross sectional study was conducted to characterize the selective pathogens of pneumo-enteritis in goat along with their antibiogram during the period of July- December 2015. A pre-tested questionnaire was used for farm level risk factor analysis. One hundred and fifty goats (n=150) were sampled having pneumonia and/or enteritis. Both nasal and fecal swabs were collected from each goat and the samples were subjected to culturing using a series of agar and broth. Biochemical tests were done for Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella sp; and finally PCR was done for Salmonella sp targeting TetA and blaTEM gene. The prevalence of Staphylococccus spp in pneumoenteritic goats was 28%. Among the Staphylococcus spp, the coagulase positive Staphylococcus was 43% whereas the coagulase negative Staphylococcus aureus was 57%. The prevalence of Salmonella sp was 16.7% in pneumoenteritic goats. The isolated Salmonella sp containing TetA gene were 50% of the total isolates whereas the Salmonella sp containing blaTEM gene were 72% of the isolates. However, both the Salmonella and Staphylococcus were highly prevalent in pneumoenteritic goats and were resistant to most of the antibiotics used except cefotaxime and potentiated sulphonamides (Sulfamethoxazole and Trimethoprim).