Genetic analysis of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and tomatillo (Physalis ixocarpa Brot.) genotypes based on their quality traits.

Abstract

An experiment was conducted to observe the performances of four tomatillo and two tomato genotypes under three different replications in same growing season. The factorial experiment included four tomatillo and two tomato genotypes viz. G1 (SAU tomatillo-1), G2 (SAU tomatillo-2), G3 (PI003), G4 (PI004), G5 (BD-7306), G6 (BD-7761) were outlined in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). 20 days aged seedlings were transplanted to main field. The results showed that both the different tomatillos and tomatoes genotypes genotype G6 had the highest pH (4.90) and the lowest pH was found in the genotype G2 (3.80). The genotype G6 had the maximum vitamin C (26.58 mg/100g) whereas the minimum (0.00 mg/100g) was found from G3. The highest dry matter content was observed by the genotype G1 (1.20 g) and the lowest dry matter content was found in G5 (0.30 g). The highest brix % (5.800%) was observed in G4 whereas the lowest (2.617%) from G5. The genotype G5 recorded the highest lycopene content of the fruit (20.61 mg), while the lowest was observed by the genotype G4 (0.2833 mg) in case of 472 nm. In case of 502 nm the highest lycopene content of fruit was observed in genotype G1 (26.62 mg) and the lowest was observed in the genotype G4 (0.07667 mg). The maximum moisture percentage was checked in the genotype G5 (95.0 %) and the minimum was checked in the genotype G1 (77.67 %). The conducted study disclosed that high heritability coupled with high expected genetic advance as percent of means were observed in case of pH (95.05 % and 21.72 % respectively), vitamin C (97.69 % and 273.45 % respectively), dry matter content (87.39 % and 97.26 % respectively), brix (98.33 % and 65.26 % respectively), lycopene at 472 nm (97.88 % and 303.84 %) and lycopene at 502 nm (98.78 % and 251.89 %) respectively indicating good response to selection for these characters. Therefore, based on the quality performance of tomatillo and tomato genotypes, G1 could be selected for high dry matter content, high lycopene and more brix% in the fruit. But for vitamin C as well as fruit pH genotypes G6 could be selected. For bulky, that means with high moisture percentage as well as with high lycopene content, G5 could be selected.