Father's perception on their involvement for 0-3 years old children’s cognitive development in urban area

Abstract

The early cognitive development of children is significantly influenced by parental involvement, particularly that of fathers. Nevertheless, the importance of fathers' involvement in the early years (0–3) is frequently overlooked in both research and practice, particularly in urban settings of developing countries. In Dhaka, Bangladesh, this investigation investigates the perspectives of fathers regarding their involvement in their children's cognitive development. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews (IDI) and focus group discussions (FGD) with a diverse group of urban fathers residing in varying socio-economic neighborhoods of the city, utilizing a qualitative research design. Research indicates that although the majority of fathers acknowledge the significance of their involvement in early stimulation activities, including storytelling, problem-solving, and playing, they frequently encounter difficulties in reconciling their professional obligations with their children's quality time. The extent of their involvement is also influenced by cultural expectations and traditional gender roles. However, there is a progressive transition in attitudes as a result of the growing recognition of the longterm advantages of father-child interaction. The study underscores the necessity of policy support, parental education, and increased advocacy to promote active fatherhood in early childhood development. These insights have the potential to enhance the development outcomes of children in urban Bangladesh by informing family-centered interventions.